CN109085111B - Active double-piston type ventilation rate standard rod calibration device and calibration method thereof - Google Patents
Active double-piston type ventilation rate standard rod calibration device and calibration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109085111B CN109085111B CN201811080656.3A CN201811080656A CN109085111B CN 109085111 B CN109085111 B CN 109085111B CN 201811080656 A CN201811080656 A CN 201811080656A CN 109085111 B CN109085111 B CN 109085111B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active double-piston type ventilation rate standard rod calibration device and a calibration method. The dual-piston type flow standard device driven by the stepping motor is adopted, the first piston and the second piston synchronously and coordinately run, and the calibration of the ventilation rate standard rod can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of calibration of standard components of cigarette detection instruments, and particularly relates to an active double-piston type ventilation rate standard rod calibration device and a calibration method.
Background
The filter ventilation technology is a means of reducing tar and reducing harm commonly adopted by cigarette industry enterprises at home and abroad at present, and the ventilation rate is directly related to the release amount of main stream smoke of cigarettes and the quality of sensory quality. In general, the greater the cigarette ventilation rate, the lower the tar release, and the cigarette ventilation rate is one of the physical parameters strictly controlled by the cigarette factory.
The ventilation rate standard rod is a standard component matched with a cigarette ventilation rate measuring instrument. The ventilation rate standard rod transmits the accurate magnitude to the ventilation rate measuring instrument, the ventilation rate measuring instrument transmits the magnitude to the cigarette, and whether the magnitude of the ventilation rate standard rod is accurate or not directly determines whether the cigarette ventilation rate measuring data is reliable or not. In the process of using the ventilation rate standard rod, the cigarette detection department can shift the ventilation rate standard rod value due to environmental factors, human factors, calibration factors, material factors and the like, so that the reliability of the cigarette ventilation rate parameter measurement data is poor. Thus, the tobacco industry mandates that ventilation rate standard rods be periodically certified once a year.
At present, a soap film flowmeter is mainly adopted in the tobacco industry to calibrate a ventilation rate standard rod. The soap film flowmeter generally adopts human eye reading, and has the defects of poor measurement repeatability and large random error; the soap film flowmeter needs to measure the total flow and the ventilation flow of the ventilation rate standard rod in two steps respectively, so that the working efficiency is low; the soap film flowmeter is in a wet measurement mode, and the soap film wets the test air and is inconsistent with the actual working condition of the ventilation rate standard rod. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a set of ventilation rate standard rod calibration device with strong reliability, high efficiency and high accuracy, and establish a corresponding ventilation rate standard rod calibration method.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an active double-piston type ventilation rate standard rod calibration device and a calibration method.
The utility model provides an initiative double-piston formula ventilation rate standard stick calibrating device, includes anchor clamps, first piston mechanism, second piston mechanism, first differential pressure sensor, second differential pressure sensor of centre gripping standard stick, the both ends of anchor clamps are equipped with first air inlet and gas outlet respectively, and its side is equipped with the second air inlet, and first air inlet is connected with the external world, the second air inlet with second piston mechanism is connected, the gas outlet of anchor clamps is connected with first piston mechanism, first differential pressure sensor connects between the gas outlet and the first piston mechanism of anchor clamps, second differential pressure sensor connects between second piston mechanism and second air inlet.
The first piston mechanism comprises a first stepping motor, a first ball screw, a first guide groove, a first guide plate, a first piston rod, a first piston, a first cylinder body and a first electromagnetic valve, wherein the first stepping motor is fixed at the end part of the first guide groove and is connected with the first ball screw through a coupler, the first ball screw is connected with the first guide plate through a first nut, the first piston rod is fixed on the first guide plate, the first piston is embedded in the first cylinder body, the first cylinder body is connected with the first guide groove in a front-back manner, the first electromagnetic valve is connected between the first cylinder body and an air outlet of a clamp in series, the first differential pressure sensor is connected between the first cylinder body and the air outlet of the clamp in parallel, the second piston mechanism comprises a second stepping motor, a second ball screw, a second guide groove, a second guide plate, a second piston rod, a second cylinder body and a second electromagnetic valve, and a second electromagnetic valve are connected between the second cylinder body and a second air inlet of the clamp in series, and the second differential pressure sensor is connected between the second cylinder body and the second air inlet of the clamp in parallel.
The standard rod is of a cylindrical structure and comprises an air inlet end face, an air outlet end face and a side end face, a total capillary hole in the standard rod penetrates through the air outlet end face and the air inlet end face, a ventilation capillary hole is formed in the side end face, close to the air outlet end face, of the standard rod, and the ventilation capillary hole is communicated with the total capillary hole.
The ball screw accuracy level is not lower than P5.
The electromagnetic valve is of a two-position three-way type.
The first cylinder body and the second cylinder body are cylindrical, the inner diameters are the same, and the volumes of the first cylinder body and the second cylinder body are not smaller than 600mL.
A method for calibrating ventilation rate of standard bars, comprising the steps of:
s1: installing the standard rod into a clamp, wherein the ventilation capillary hole corresponds to a second air inlet of the clamp, and the inner wall of the clamp close to the first air inlet is sealed with the side end surface of the standard rod;
s2: the calibration is carried out, the first stepping motor rotates forward to drive the coupler and the first ball screw to rotate, the first ball screw is in transmission fit with the first guide plate through the first nut, the first guide plate drives the first piston rod and the first piston to move leftwards, air in the first cylinder body becomes negative pressure, the first electromagnetic valve is opened, atmospheric air enters the first cylinder body through the standard rod and the first electromagnetic valve, and the first differential pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure drop of the standard rod; the rotation speed of the first stepping motor is regulated to enable the air flow in the first cylinder body to be constant flow which is 17.5mL/s.
Under the suction of constant flow, the ventilation capillary hole of the standard rod is provided with air to continuously flow in, the second electromagnetic valve is opened, the second cylinder body is changed into negative pressure, at the moment, the second stepping motor is controlled to reversely rotate to drive the coupler and the second ball screw to rotate, the second ball screw is in transmission fit with the second guide plate through the second nut, the second guide plate drives the second piston rod and the second piston to move upwards, the pressure in the second cylinder body gradually rises, and the second differential pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure of the ventilation capillary hole in real time; when the second differential pressure sensor indicates zero, indicating that the operating speed of the second piston is balanced with the ventilation capillary bore air flow; after the first piston runs at a constant speed, the running speed of the second piston is regulated to enable the indication value of the second differential pressure sensor to be zero, and after the first piston runs for a period of time t, the running displacement of the first piston and the running displacement of the second piston are respectively recorded as s 1 、s 2 The radius of the first cylinder body and the radius of the second cylinder body are respectively r 1 、r 2 First, firstThe indication value of the differential pressure sensor is P D The atmospheric pressure is P;
the total flow rate of the standard rod is as follows,
the standard rod ventilation flow rate is as follows,
assuming equal radii of the first cylinder and the second cylinder, the standard rod ventilation values before correction are as follows,
the corrected standard rod ventilation values are as follows,
if the pressure drop introduced by the standard rod is not considered, the ventilation value of the standard rod is the second piston operation displacement s 2 With first piston operating displacement s 1 Is a ratio of (2);
s3: after calibration is completed, if the first piston and the second piston are operated to the vicinity of the limit position, the first electromagnetic valve and the b24 are controlled to be closed and communicated with the atmosphere, and the first piston moves rightwards and the second piston moves downwards so as to reset the calibration device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention adopts the double-piston type flow standard device driven by the stepping motor, and the first piston and the second piston synchronously and coordinately run, thus realizing the calibration of the ventilation rate standard rod, and having the advantages of strong reliability, high efficiency and great accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a modular rod construction of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of a standard rod of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the first stepping motor, 2, the first coupling, 3, the first ball screw, 4, the first nut, 5, the first guide plate, 6, the first guide groove, 7, the first piston rod, 8, the first piston, 9, the first cylinder, 10, the first solenoid valve, 11, the first differential pressure sensor, 12, the clamp, 13, the standard rod, 14, the second differential pressure sensor, 15, the second stepping motor, 16, the second coupling, 17, the second ball screw, 18, the second nut, 19, the second guide plate, 20, the second guide groove, 21, the second piston rod, 22, the second piston, 23, the second cylinder, 24, the second solenoid valve, 25, the side end face, 26, the air outlet end face, 27, the air inlet end face, 28, the total capillary hole, 29, the ventilation capillary hole.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
Please refer to fig. 1. The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are shown only in connection with the present disclosure for understanding and reading by those skilled in the art, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, so that any structural modifications, proportional changes, or dimensional adjustments should not be made in the essential technical sense, and should not affect the efficacy or achievement of the present invention. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.
As shown in fig. 1, an active double-piston ventilation rate standard rod calibration device comprises a clamp 12 for clamping a standard rod 13, a first piston 8 mechanism, a second piston 22 mechanism, a first differential pressure sensor 11 and a second differential pressure sensor 14, wherein a first air inlet 121 and an air outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the clamp 12, a second air inlet 122 is arranged on the side surface of the clamp, the first air inlet 121 is connected with the outside, the second air inlet 122 is connected with the second piston 22 mechanism, the air outlet of the clamp 12 is connected with the first piston 8 mechanism, the first differential pressure sensor 11 is connected between the air outlet of the clamp 12 and the first piston 8 mechanism, and the second differential pressure sensor 14 is connected between the second piston 22 mechanism and the second air inlet 122.
The first piston 8 mechanism comprises a first stepping motor 1, a first ball screw 3, a first guide groove 6, a first guide plate 5, a first piston rod 7, a first piston 8, a first cylinder 9 and a first electromagnetic valve 10, wherein the first stepping motor 1 is fixed at the end part of the first guide groove 6 and is connected with the first ball screw 3 through a first coupler 2, the first ball screw 3 is connected with the first guide plate 5 through a first nut 4, the first piston rod 7 is fixed on the first guide plate 5, the first piston 8 is embedded in the first cylinder 9, the first cylinder 9 is connected with the first guide groove 6 in a front-back mode, the first electromagnetic valve 10 is connected between the first cylinder 9 and an air outlet of the clamp 12 in series, the first differential pressure sensor 11 is connected between the first cylinder 9 and the air outlet of the clamp 12 in parallel, the second piston 22 mechanism comprises a second stepping motor 15, a second ball 17, a second guide groove 20, a second guide plate 19, a second nut 18, a second nut 21, a second clamp 24, a second electromagnetic valve 23 and a second electromagnetic valve 23 are connected between the second cylinder 23 and the second piston rod 24 and the second electromagnetic valve 12 in series, and the second electromagnetic valve 122 are connected between the second cylinder 23 and the second electromagnetic valve 12 in parallel, and the second electromagnetic valve 122 is connected between the second cylinder 23 and the second electromagnetic valve 12 in parallel.
The standard rod 13 is inserted into the fixture 12, the first differential pressure sensor 11 is used for measuring the pressure drop value of the standard rod 13, and the second differential pressure sensor 14 is kept to be zero during the working process of the calibrating device.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the standard rod 13 has a cylindrical structure, and includes an air inlet end surface 27, an air outlet end surface 26, and a side end surface 25, a general capillary hole 28 inside the standard rod 13 extends through between the air outlet end surface 26 and the air inlet end surface 27, a ventilation capillary hole 29 is disposed at a position of the side end surface 25 near the air outlet end surface 26, and the ventilation capillary hole 29 is communicated with the general capillary hole 28.
During the operation of the ventilation rate standard rod 13, test air flows in from the ventilation capillary holes 29 and the air inlet end face 27, and after the two paths of air are converged, the test air flows out from the total capillary holes 28 of the air outlet end face 26. The ratio of the air flow into the ventilation capillary holes 29 to the air flow out of the total capillary holes 28 is the ventilation rate of the standard rod 13. The ventilation rate of the standard rod 13 ranges from 0 to 100%, and the values used are usually 20%, 50% and 80%.
The ball screw accuracy level is not lower than P5.
The electromagnetic valve is of a two-position three-way type.
The first cylinder body 9 and the second cylinder body 23 are both cylindrical, have the same inner diameter, and have volumes not smaller than 600mL.
A method for calibrating ventilation rate of standard bars, comprising the steps of:
s1: installing the standard rod 13 into the clamp 12, wherein the ventilation capillary hole 29 corresponds to the second air inlet 122 of the clamp 12, and the inner wall of the clamp 12 close to the first air inlet 121 is sealed with the side end face 25 of the standard rod 13;
s2: as shown in fig. 1, the first stepper motor 1 rotates forward to drive the first coupler 2 and the first ball screw 3 to rotate, the first ball screw 3 is in transmission fit with the first guide plate 5 through the first nut 4, the first guide plate 5 drives the first piston rod 7 and the first piston 8 to move leftwards, air in the first cylinder 9 becomes negative pressure, the first electromagnetic valve 10 is opened, atmospheric air enters the first cylinder 9 through the standard rod 13 and the first electromagnetic valve 10, and the first differential pressure sensor 11 is used for measuring the pressure drop of the standard rod 13; the rotation speed of the first stepping motor 1 was adjusted so that the air flow rate in the first cylinder 9 became a constant flow rate of 17.5mL/s.
Under the suction of constant flow, the ventilation capillary hole 29 of the standard rod 13 is provided with air to flow in continuously, the second electromagnetic valve 24 is opened, and the second cylinder 23 is changed into negative pressure; at this time, control the firstThe second step motor 15 rotates reversely to drive the second coupler and the second ball screw 17 to rotate, the second ball screw 17 is in transmission fit with the second guide plate 19 through a second nut, the second guide plate 19 drives the second piston rod 21 and the second piston 22 to move upwards, the pressure in the second cylinder 23 gradually rises, and the second differential pressure sensor 14 is used for monitoring the pressure of the ventilation capillary hole 29 in real time; when the second differential pressure sensor 14 indicates zero, it indicates that the operating speed of the second piston 22 is balanced with the ventilation capillary bore 29 air flow; after the first piston 8 runs at a constant speed, the running speed of the second piston 22 is regulated to enable the indication value of the second differential pressure sensor 14 to be zero, and after the first piston 8 runs for a period of time t, the running displacement of the first piston 8 and the running displacement of the second piston 22 are respectively recorded as s 1 、s 2 The radii of the first cylinder 9 and the second cylinder 23 are r respectively 1 、r 2 The indication value of the first differential pressure sensor 11 is P D The atmospheric pressure is P;
the total flow of the standard rod 13 is as follows,
the ventilation flow rate of the standard rod 13 is as follows,
assuming equal radii of the first cylinder 9 and the second cylinder 23, the ventilation values of the standard rod 13 before correction are as follows,
the corrected ventilation values of the standard rods 13 are as follows,
if the pressure drop introduced by the standard rod 13 is not considered, the ventilation rate of the standard rod 13At a value of the second piston 22 operating displacement s 2 Operating displacement s with first piston 8 1 Is a ratio of (2);
s3: after calibration, if the first piston 8 and the second piston 22 are operated to the vicinity of the extreme limit, the first electromagnetic valve 10 and the second electromagnetic valve b24 are controlled to be closed, the first piston 8 moves rightwards and the second piston 22 moves downwards to reset the calibration device.
The calibration device adopts a double-piston type flow standard device driven by a stepping motor, and the first piston 8 and the second piston 22 synchronously and coordinately operate, so that the calibration of the ventilation rate standard rod 13 can be realized, and the device has the advantages of strong reliability, high efficiency and high accuracy.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (6)
1. An initiative double-piston ventilation rate standard stick calibrating device which characterized in that: the device comprises a clamp for clamping a standard rod, a first piston mechanism, a second piston mechanism, a first pressure difference sensor and a second pressure difference sensor, wherein a first air inlet and an air outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the clamp, a second air inlet is arranged on the side surface of the clamp, the first air inlet is connected with the outside, the second air inlet is connected with the second piston mechanism, the air outlet of the clamp is connected with the first piston mechanism, the first pressure difference sensor is connected between the air outlet of the clamp and the first piston mechanism, and the second pressure difference sensor is connected between the second piston mechanism and the second air inlet;
the first piston mechanism comprises a first stepping motor, a first ball screw, a first guide groove, a first guide plate, a first piston rod, a first piston, a first cylinder body and a first electromagnetic valve, wherein the first stepping motor is fixed at the end part of the first guide groove and is connected with the first ball screw through a coupler, the first ball screw is connected with the first guide plate through a first nut, the first piston rod is fixed on the first guide plate, the first piston is embedded in the first cylinder body, the first cylinder body is connected with the first guide groove in a front-back manner, the first electromagnetic valve is connected between the first cylinder body and an air outlet of the clamp in series, the first differential pressure sensor is connected between the first cylinder body and the air outlet of the clamp in parallel, the second piston mechanism comprises a second stepping motor, a second ball screw, a second guide groove, a second guide plate, a second piston rod, a second cylinder body and a second electromagnetic valve, and a second electromagnetic valve are connected between the second cylinder body and a second air inlet of the clamp in series, and the second differential pressure sensor is connected between the second cylinder body and the second air inlet of the clamp in parallel;
the standard rod is of a cylindrical structure and comprises an air inlet end face, an air outlet end face and a side end face, a total capillary hole in the standard rod penetrates through the air outlet end face and the air inlet end face, a ventilation capillary hole is formed in the side end face, close to the air outlet end face, of the standard rod, and the ventilation capillary hole is communicated with the total capillary hole.
2. The active double-piston ventilation rate standard rod calibration device of claim 1, wherein: the ball screw accuracy level is not lower than P5.
3. The active double-piston ventilation rate standard rod calibration device of claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic valve is of a two-position three-way type.
4. The active double-piston ventilation rate standard rod calibration device of claim 1, wherein: the first cylinder body and the second cylinder body are cylindrical, the inner diameters are the same, and the volumes of the first cylinder body and the second cylinder body are not smaller than 600mL.
5. A method of calibrating the ventilation rate of a standard rod based on the calibration device of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1: installing the standard rod into a clamp, wherein the ventilation capillary hole corresponds to a second air inlet of the clamp, and the inner wall of the clamp close to the first air inlet is sealed with the side end surface of the standard rod;
s2: the calibration is carried out, the first stepping motor rotates forward to drive the coupler and the first ball screw to rotate, the first ball screw is in transmission fit with the first guide plate through the first nut, the first guide plate drives the first piston rod and the first piston to move leftwards, air in the first cylinder body becomes negative pressure, the first electromagnetic valve is opened, atmospheric air enters the first cylinder body through the standard rod and the first electromagnetic valve, and the first differential pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure drop of the standard rod; the rotating speed of the first stepping motor is regulated to enable air flow in the first cylinder body to be constant, under the suction of the constant flow, air continuously flows into the ventilation capillary hole of the standard rod, the second electromagnetic valve is opened, the second cylinder body is changed into negative pressure, at the moment, the second stepping motor is controlled to reversely rotate to drive the coupler and the second ball screw to rotate, the second ball screw is in transmission fit with the second guide plate through the second nut, the second guide plate drives the second piston rod and the second piston to move upwards, the pressure in the second cylinder body gradually rises, and the second differential pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure of the ventilation capillary hole in real time; when the second differential pressure sensor indicates zero, indicating that the operating speed of the second piston is balanced with the ventilation capillary bore air flow; after the first piston runs at a constant speed, the running speed of the second piston is regulated to enable the indication value of the second differential pressure sensor to be zero, after a period of running time t, running displacements of the first piston and the second piston are respectively recorded as s1 and s2, the radiuses of the first cylinder body and the second cylinder body are respectively r1 and r2, and the indication value of the first differential pressure sensor is P D The atmospheric pressure is P; the total flow rate of the standard rod is as follows,
the standard rod ventilation flow rate is as follows,
assuming equal radii of the first cylinder and the second cylinder, the standard rod ventilation values before correction are as follows,
the corrected standard rod ventilation values are as follows,
if the pressure drop introduced by the standard rod is not considered, the ventilation value of the standard rod is the ratio of the second piston operation displacement s2 to the first piston operation displacement s 1;
s3: after calibration is completed, if the first piston and the second piston are operated to the vicinity of the limit position, the first electromagnetic valve and the b24 are controlled to be closed and communicated with the atmosphere, and the first piston moves rightwards and the second piston moves downwards so as to reset the calibration device.
6. The method for calibrating ventilation rate of standard rod according to claim 5, wherein: the constant flow rate described in S2 was 17.5mL/S.
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| CN110082031A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-02 | 苏州东菱科技有限公司 | A kind of calibrating installation of pressure sensor |
| CN114264341B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2024-06-28 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Standard rod ventilation rate detection device and standard rod ventilation rate detection method |
| CN112229465B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2024-05-31 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Suction resistance standard rod measuring system capable of adjusting volume flow |
| CN112369654B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-01-25 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Differential pressure compensation elimination method of cigarette ventilation rate detection device |
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