CN109084970B - Rotary valve auxiliary diversion exhaust area measurement method based on circular grating - Google Patents

Rotary valve auxiliary diversion exhaust area measurement method based on circular grating Download PDF

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CN109084970B
CN109084970B CN201810754332.7A CN201810754332A CN109084970B CN 109084970 B CN109084970 B CN 109084970B CN 201810754332 A CN201810754332 A CN 201810754332A CN 109084970 B CN109084970 B CN 109084970B
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exhaust
hole
flow guide
auxiliary flow
grating
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CN109084970A (en
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席运志
李军伟
王宁飞
刘玉群
张智慧
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring areas

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Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary valve auxiliary diversion exhaust area measuring method based on a circular grating, and belongs to the technical field of rotary valve measurement. The implementation method of the invention comprises the following steps: based onAnd the position corresponding relation between the circular grating and the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole reads the scale mark change of the circular grating through the reading head, and a position x signal of the auxiliary flow guide hole is obtained. The data processing module is based on the established S2Directly outputting S in real time in relation to x function2Obtaining the effective exhaust area S of one or more periodically distributed auxiliary diversion exhaust holes along with the change curve graph of x2And the rule changes in real time along with the movement position x, so that the exhaust area is measured in a non-contact manner. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the non-contact measurement of effective exhaust area of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes distributed periodically or in multiple periods is realized based on the circular grating, so that the problems of ablation, deformation, abrasion and the like caused by contact measurement can be avoided, and in addition, the non-contact measurement method has the advantages of small error and good real-time performance.

Description

Rotary valve auxiliary diversion exhaust area measurement method based on circular grating
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rotary valve auxiliary diversion exhaust area measurement method, in particular to a rotary valve auxiliary diversion exhaust area measurement method based on a circular grating, and belongs to the technical field of rotary valve measurement.
Background
With the continuous progress of aerospace science and technology in China, more and more high-energy composite propellants are applied to the development work of a new type solid rocket engine (SRM), however, the SRM is easy to extinguish or even explode due to unstable combustion, such as pressure oscillation and the like, generated in the combustion process of the high-energy composite propellants. To characterize the combustion stability of the propellant, a pressure-coupled response function (R) was introducedp) And the actual size is used for representing the combustion stability of the propellant. Because the current theoretical calculation method is not mature, the R of the high-energy propellant with a complex formula is aimed atpMainly obtained by measurement of experimental means.
In the last 80 th century Brown, r.s. et al, proposed a "rotary valve test scheme", which has the characteristics of high test accuracy, a test value close to the real engine operating condition, and the like, and is a good test scheme. However, the rotary valve test method measures the area change of the auxiliary diversion exhaust passage in real timeThe traditional method mainly adopts a contact scheme for measurement, such as a mode of combining a moving Teflon probe and a brass sheet, and indirectly acquires the change condition of the area of the exhaust channel in a mode of contacting the probe and the brass sheet. However, under the condition of high temperature and high pressure of gas, the moving probe has the problems of deformation, ablation, abrasion and the like, and needs to be frequently replaced and positioned, so that the contact scheme has the problems of large measurement error, poor real-time performance, low positioning reliability, labor and time consumption. Based on the existing challenges, domestic researchers have not provided an effective solution, so that a 'rotary valve test scheme' with a good test effect is not popularized and applied in China at present, and further high-energy propellant R is influencedpThe accurate measurement work of. Therefore, an alternative area measurement method for overcoming the problems needs to be provided, which is applied to a rotary valve test system and improves the test precision of the response function in the solid propulsion field in China.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of large error, poor real-time performance and the like of the existing real-time area measurement method, the invention discloses a rotary valve auxiliary flow guide exhaust area measurement method based on a circular grating, which aims to solve the technical problems that: the rotary valve auxiliary flow guiding exhaust area non-contact measurement is realized based on the circular grating, so that the problems of ablation, deformation, abrasion and the like caused by contact measurement can be avoided, and in addition, the rotary valve auxiliary flow guiding exhaust area non-contact measurement device has the advantages of small error and good real-time performance.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention discloses a rotary valve auxiliary flow guide exhaust area measurement method based on a circular grating. Establishing the movement distance x of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole according to the shape of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole and detecting by a grating probeThe relation between the number i of the scale marks, and the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole according to the shape of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole and the shape of the stator channel hole2And the function relation between the movement distance x of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole, and finally determining the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole2The relation between the number i of the scale marks detected by the grating probe can be obtained, and the effective exhaust area S can be obtained in real time2The curve diagram of the relation between the motion distance x and the effective exhaust area S in the process of enabling a single auxiliary diversion exhaust hole to completely pass through the stator channel2Real-time contactless measurement.
When the main shaft of the rotary valve rotates, the process that a single auxiliary diversion exhaust hole completely passes through the stator channel is defined as an effective exhaust period, and preferably, the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary diversion exhaust hole in the effective exhaust period is ensured2The stator is in sine change, the auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes are designed to be round holes, and the stator channel is square.
When the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole is designed to be a round hole and the stator channel is square, the rotary valve auxiliary flow guide exhaust area measurement method based on the circular grating disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a circular grating is installed on one side, provided with a key groove, of the outer end of a rotary valve main shaft in a fixed mode, a grating probe is fixedly installed at a preset distance from the circumferential end face of the circular grating, M auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes are uniformly distributed in the middle of the rotary valve main shaft along the radial direction, a stator channel with a square hole is fixedly installed in the middle of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes corresponding to the radial position of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes, and the stator channel is tangent to the peripheral surface of the auxiliary. And the air flow is discharged from the square hole of the stator channel through the round hole of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole. When the main shaft of the rotary valve rotates, the process that a single auxiliary diversion exhaust hole completely passes through the stator channel is defined as an effective exhaust period, and the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary diversion exhaust hole in the effective exhaust period2And is changed in a sine shape.
The side of the outer end of the rotary valve main shaft, which is provided with the key groove, is provided with the circular grating in a fixed mode, and the fixed mode is preferably fixed by screws.
And fixedly mounting a grating probe at a preset distance from the circumferential end surface of the circular grating, wherein the preset distance is determined according to the size of the grating probe, the intensity of an optical signal and the mounting angle.
Step two, setting the radius R of the circular hole of the flow guide exhaust hole with the known variable3Side length L of square hole of stator channel and radius R of circular grating1And the total number of scale lines N on the surface of the glass, and the design ensures that ⊙ O is to be generated1→⊙O3The motion process is approximately simplified into a translation process
Figure GDA0002363098330000031
Step 2.1: setting radius R of circular hole of flow guide exhaust hole3And the side length L of the square hole of the stator channel for ensuring the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole in an effective exhaust period2In sinusoidal variation, L is 2R3。
Step 2.2: setting radius R of circular grating1The total number of scale lines on the surface of the grating, N, and the radius of the circular grating, R1And the total number N of the scale marks on the surface of the glass body satisfies the following geometrical relationship:
N＝2πR1/Δx (1)
wherein: Δ x is the distance between two adjacent tick marks.
Step 2.3 design guarantee will ⊙ O1→⊙O3The motion process is approximately simplified into a translation process
Figure GDA0002363098330000032
To ensure ⊙ O1→⊙O3The motion process is approximately simplified into a translation process
Figure GDA0002363098330000033
Need to design guarantee R1>>R3At R1>>R3Under the condition, the motion locus ⊙ O of the single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole passing through the square-hole stator channel completely1→⊙O3Is a small arc surface with a motion track ⊙ O1→⊙O3Is a small cambered surface finger
Figure GDA0002363098330000034
Step three, determining the effective exhaust area S of the single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole passing through the square hole stator channel completely according to the known variable size relation set in the step two2The variation relationship with the moving distance x is shown as follows:
Figure GDA0002363098330000035
wherein, thetatFor the intermediate variable, x is i Δ x, and i is the number of grating lines read by the grating probe.
Step four, step two already guarantee
Figure GDA0002363098330000036
In relation, when a single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole completely passes through the square hole stator channel,
Figure GDA0002363098330000037
subtended central angle
Figure GDA0002363098330000038
And determining the total number N-theta N/2-pi-2 NR of the scale marks corresponding to the circular grating3/πR1The distance between every two graduation marks is Deltax, namely 4R3N Δ x. And detecting zero scale marks on the circular grating through the grating probe, and when the accumulated scale marks reach n, indicating that the single auxiliary flow guide exhaust circular hole completely passes through the square stator channel.
And fifthly, the grating probe transmits the acquired grating scale mark signals to the data processing module in real time, and when the ith scale mark is read, the movement distance x of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole is indicated to be i delta x. The data processing module obtains the effective exhaust area S based on a formula2As a function of the distance x of movement, according to the effective exhaust area S2The functional relation between the effective exhaust area and the movement position can be obtained in real timeThe curve chart of the system is that the effective exhaust area S is realized in the process that a single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole completely passes through a square hole stator channel2Real-time measurement of.
For realizing effective exhaust area S of a plurality of periodically and uniformly distributed auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes in the motion process2Carrying out real-time measurement, and further comprising the sixth step of: for M auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes uniformly distributed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the interval between every two adjacent exhaust circular holes is 2 pi R1The total number of the corresponding grating scale lines is N/M, namely the effective exhaust area S is obtained when the increment of each grating scale line is accumulated to reach N/M2Periodically changed once, i.e. the effective exhaust area S2The single period comprises an effective exhaust section and a zero transition section, wherein the effective exhaust section represents the process that a single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole completely passes through the square-hole stator channel, and the zero transition section represents the effective exhaust area S at the stage2≡0。
The effective exhaust area S2The variation relation satisfies the following formula:
Figure GDA0002363098330000041
therefore, the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes which are periodically and uniformly distributed is determined by a formula2Along with the change relation between the movement distances x, the effective exhaust area S of the plurality of auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes which are periodically and uniformly distributed can be obtained in real time2The curve diagram of the relation between the motion distance x and the motion distance x is that the effective exhaust area S is realized in the process that a plurality of periodically and uniformly distributed auxiliary diversion exhaust holes completely pass through the square-hole stator channel2Real-time measurement of.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention discloses a rotary valve auxiliary diversion exhaust area measuring method based on a circular grating, which realizes real-time measurement of the movement position of a diversion exhaust circular hole by monitoring the change of the number of scale marks on the circular grating by using a grating probe, namely the movement distance x of an auxiliary diversion exhaust hole and the scale marks detected by the grating probe can be determined by a derived formulaThe relationship between the numbers i: x is i Δ x, and the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole is determined by a derived formula2And the function relation with the movement distance x of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole, a simultaneous formula and the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole are finally determined by x ═ i delta x2The relation between the number i of the scale marks detected by the grating probe can further obtain a curve graph of the relation between the effective exhaust area and the motion position in real time, namely the effective exhaust area S of a single auxiliary diversion exhaust hole in the process of completely passing through the square-hole stator channel is realized2The real-time non-contact measurement avoids the problems of ablation, deformation, abrasion and the like caused by contact measurement, and can also improve the test efficiency and the test precision.
2. The invention discloses a rotary valve auxiliary diversion exhaust area measuring method based on a circular grating, which is used for determining the effective exhaust area S of an auxiliary diversion exhaust hole passing through a square-hole stator channel by a derived formula in order to realize real-time measurement of the effective exhaust area of a plurality of periodically and uniformly distributed auxiliary diversion exhaust holes2Along with the change relation among the movement distances x, a plurality of effective exhaust areas S which are periodically and uniformly distributed can be obtained in real time2The curve diagram of the relation between the motion distance x and the motion distance x is that the effective exhaust area S is realized in the process that a plurality of periodically and uniformly distributed auxiliary diversion exhaust holes completely pass through the square-hole stator channel2Real-time measurement of.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a rotary valve-assisted flow guiding exhaust area measurement method based on a circular grating according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotary valve auxiliary flow guiding exhaust area measurement structure based on a circular grating according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 shows a motion cycle of ⊙ O for a single auxiliary diversion exhaust hole disclosed by the invention1→⊙O3A schematic diagram;
FIG. 4 is the present inventionThe effective exhaust area S of the single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole passing through the square stator channel2A schematic diagram of variations;
FIG. 5 shows the effective exhaust area S of a single flow guide exhaust hole passing through a square stator channel completely2A position relation graph with the movement distance x;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the movement of auxiliary air guiding and exhausting holes with periodically and uniformly distributed function in the rotation process according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the effective exhaust area S of two adjacent auxiliary guiding and exhausting holes passing through the square stator channel completely2And the movement distance x.
Wherein: 1-circular grating, 2-stator channel, 3-auxiliary flow guiding exhaust hole, 4-grating probe and 5-main shaft of rotary valve.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated.
To illustrate the feasibility of the method, the shape of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole 3 is selected as a preferred round hole, and the stator channel 2 is selected as a square hole for calculation verification. In the embodiment, assume the radius R of the circular hole of the auxiliary diversion exhaust hole 33The side length L of the square hole of the 2.1mm stator channel 2 is 4.2mm, and the radius R of the circular grating 1143mm and the total number of the scale lines on the surface thereof N equals 9000, the distance Δ x between two adjacent scale lines equals 0.03mm, and the number M of the circular holes of the plurality of auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes 3 which are periodically and uniformly distributed equals 12.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, in the rotary valve assisted diversion exhaust area measurement method based on a circular grating disclosed in this embodiment, a flow chart of the measurement method is shown in fig. 1, and the measurement method is specifically realized by the following technical scheme and steps:
step one, as shown in figure 2, a circular grating 1 is fixedly arranged on one side of the outer end of a rotary valve main shaft 5, which is provided with a key groove, a grating probe 4 is fixedly arranged at a preset distance from the circumferential end surface of the circular grating 1, and the middle edge of the rotary valve main shaft 5 is arranged along the middle partRadial evenly distributed M supplementary water conservancy diversion exhaust hole 3, open the stator passageway 2 that has the quad slit in the middle of supplementary water conservancy diversion exhaust hole 3 corresponds the radial position fixed mounting in place, stator passageway 2 tangent with supplementary water conservancy diversion exhaust hole 3 peripheral surface, the air current is discharged from stator passageway 2's quad slit via the round hole of supplementary water conservancy diversion exhaust hole 3. When the rotary valve main shaft 5 rotates, the process that a single auxiliary diversion exhaust hole 3 completely passes through the stator channel 2 is defined as an effective exhaust period, and the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary diversion exhaust hole 3 in the effective exhaust period2With a sinusoidal variation, as shown by the "theoretical measurements" in fig. 5.
The circular grating 1 is arranged on the side of the rotary valve main shaft 5, which is provided with the key slot, in a fixed mode, and the fixed mode is preferably fixed by screws.
And fixedly installing a grating probe 4 at a preset distance from the circumferential end surface of the circular grating 1, wherein the preset distance is determined according to the size of the grating probe 4, the optical signal intensity and the installation angle.
Step two, setting the radius R of the circular hole of the known variable auxiliary diversion exhaust hole 33The side length L of the square hole of the stator channel 2 and the radius R of the circular grating 11And the total number of scale lines on the surface N. the design guarantees ⊙ O1→⊙O3The motion process, as shown in fig. 3, is approximately simplified as a translation process, and the translation process is ① → ④, as shown in fig. 4.
Step 2.1: setting the radius R of the circular hole of the diversion exhaust hole 33And the side length L of the square hole of the stator channel 2 for ensuring the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary diversion exhaust hole 3 in an effective exhaust period2In sinusoidal variation, L is 2R3。
Step 2.2: setting the radius R of the circular grating 11The total number of scale lines N on the surface, and the radius R of the circular grating 11And the total number N of the scale marks on the surface of the glass body satisfies the following geometrical relationship:
N＝2πR1/Δx
wherein: Δ x is the distance between two adjacent tick marks. In the examples Δ x is 0.03 mm.
Step 2.3 design guarantee will ⊙ O1→⊙O3The motion process is approximately simplified into a translation process
Figure GDA0002363098330000071
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, wherein ①, when x is 0 in fig. 4, it represents the center of the auxiliary air guiding and exhausting hole 3, hereinafter referred to as "center", and is located at O in fig. 31Position, showing the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary flow guiding exhaust hole 320, ②, x is 2R in figure 43When, the center of the circle is from O in FIG. 31Move to a1Position, effective exhaust area becomes
Figure GDA0002363098330000072
③ fig. 4 x-3R3When, the center of the circle is from a in FIG. 31Position movement to a11Position, effective exhaust area becomes
Figure GDA0002363098330000073
④ fig. 4 x-4R3When it is, the center of the circle is shown from a11Position movement to O3Position, effective exhaust area becomes S2Effective exhaust area S during movement from ① state to ④ state2The variation with the movement distance x is shown in the "theoretical measurement" curve in fig. 5. W in FIG. 31Is the rotational angular velocity; s in FIG. 41For invalid exhaust area, the total area of supplementary water conservancy diversion exhaust hole 3 round hole satisfies the expression simultaneously:
Figure GDA0002363098330000074
to ensure ⊙ O1→⊙O3The motion process is approximately simplified into a translation process
Figure GDA0002363098330000075
Need to design guarantee R1>>R3At R1>>R3Under the condition, the single flow guide exhaust hole 3 completely passes through the motion locus ⊙ O of the square-hole stator channel 21→⊙O3Is a small arc surface with a motion track ⊙ O1→⊙O3Is a small cambered surface finger
Figure GDA0002363098330000076
Examples of the embodiments
Figure GDA0002363098330000077
Step three, according to the known variable size relationship set in the step two, determining that the single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole 3 completely passes through the square hole stator channel 2, namely the process from ① → ④ in the figure 4, and the effective exhaust area S2At 0 to 2R3Stage increases with x by S2Gradually increases from 0 to the maximum
Figure GDA0002363098330000081
Then at 2R3～4R3Stage increases with x by S2Gradually decreases to 0; x is equal to 0,4R in a complete movement period3]Effective exhaust area S2The variation relationship with the moving distance x is shown as follows:
Figure GDA0002363098330000082
wherein, thetatFor the intermediate variable, x is i Δ x, and i is the number of grating lines read by the grating probe 4.
Step four, step two designed guarantee
Figure GDA0002363098330000083
In relation, when a single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole 3 completely passes through the square hole stator channel 2,
Figure GDA0002363098330000084
subtended central angle
Figure GDA0002363098330000085
Then, the total number N ═ theta N/2 pi ═ 2NR of the scale marks corresponding to the circular grating 1 is determined3/πR 1280, the distance between every two graduation marks is Δ x, i.e. 4R3N Δ x. Detecting a circular grating 1 by a grating probe 4And (4) a zero-position scale mark is arranged, and when the accumulated scale marks reach n, the single auxiliary flow guide exhaust circular hole 3 completely passes through the square-hole stator channel 2.
And fifthly, the grating probe 4 transmits the acquired grating scale mark signals to the data processing module in real time, and when the ith scale mark is read, the movement distance x of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole 3 is indicated to be i delta x. The data processing module obtains the effective exhaust area S based on a formula2As a function of the distance x of movement, according to the effective exhaust area S2The functional relation between the effective exhaust area S and the x can be obtained in real time, and the effective exhaust area S is obtained in the process that a single auxiliary diversion exhaust hole 3 completely passes through the square-hole stator channel 2 as shown in a theoretical measurement value in figure 52Real-time measurement of.
The relationship between the change in the circular grating graduation mark and the movement distance x is shown as "graduation mark integrated value" in fig. 5. And sinusoidal curve fitting is carried out aiming at the 'theoretical measurement value' of the circular grating, the fitting result is shown as a 'sinusoidal fitting value' curve in figure 5, and the error analysis of the fitting result shows that: the sum of the square difference SSE is 4.8e-12, the coefficient R-square is 99.65%, the mean square difference RESM is 1.374e-7, and the effective exhaust area S is further verified when the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole 3 is a circular hole and the stator channel 2 is a square hole2The change along with the movement distance x is approximately in a sine curve change rule, and the fitting matching degree is 99.65%.
For realizing effective exhaust area S of a plurality of periodically and uniformly distributed auxiliary diversion exhaust holes 3 in the motion process2The real-time measurement is carried out, and the method also comprises a sixth step of evenly distributing M auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes 3 in the circumferential direction at equal intervals, as shown in figure 6, and carrying out ⊙ M on two adjacent exhaust circular holesi-1→⊙MiHas a spacing of 2 π R116.8775 mm, corresponding grating scale lines are N/M9000/12 750, that is, when the increment of the grating scale lines is accumulated to reach N/M750, the effective exhaust area S is2Periodically changed once, i.e. the effective exhaust area S2The single cycle includes an "active exhaust segment" and a "zero transition segment".
Wherein "Effective exhaust segment "means that the single auxiliary pilot exhaust hole 3 passes through the square-hole stator channel 2 completely, i.e. from the process ① → ④ in fig. 4, where the raster scale line increments are
Figure GDA0002363098330000091
And (3) strips. "zero transition" means effective exhaust area S2Is not identical to 0, namely ⊙ M in FIG. 6i-1→⊙MiThe un-perforated section in between, the process raster tick mark increment is 470 bars.
For the effective exhaust area S of a plurality of auxiliary diversion exhaust holes 3 which are periodically and uniformly distributed in the motion process2The functional relationship between the movement-dependent distances x satisfies the following equation:
Figure GDA0002363098330000092
in the formula, thetatFor the intermediate variable, x ═ i Δ x, i is the number of grating lines read by the grating probe 4, TkIs the number of cycles.
Therefore, a plurality of auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes 3 which are periodically and uniformly distributed pass through the stator channel 2 with the square holes, and the effective exhaust area S2The diagram of the variation with the movement distance x is shown in fig. 7.
Based on the third step to the sixth step, the effective exhaust area S of the single or a plurality of auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes 2 which are periodically and uniformly distributed is realized2For the purpose of real-time measurement.
In the method for measuring the effective exhaust area of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole in real time based on the circular grating, based on the position corresponding relationship between the circular grating and the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole, firstly, the number change of the scale marks on the circular grating is detected by using a grating probe so as to realize the real-time accurate measurement of the movement position of the flow guide exhaust circular hole, then, the measured position signal is transmitted to the data processing module in real time, and based on the given effective exhaust area S2And calculating the relation between the air flow and the x, and then acquiring real-time effective exhaust area data of the flow guide exhaust circular hole. The embodiment can avoid contact by using non-contact mode to measure areaThe problems of ablation, deformation, abrasion and the like caused by measurement can be solved, the effective areas of the single and multiple radial uniformly distributed flow guide exhaust round holes can be measured in real time, and the test efficiency and the test precision are improved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A rotary valve auxiliary diversion exhaust area measurement method based on a circular grating is characterized in that: a circular grating (1) is fixedly arranged on one side of the outer end of a rotary valve main shaft (5) provided with a key groove, a grating probe (4) is fixedly arranged at a preset distance from the circumferential end surface of the circular grating (1), M auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes (3) are uniformly distributed in the middle of the rotary valve main shaft (5) along the radial direction, a stator channel (2) is fixedly arranged at the radial position where the auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes (3) correspond to, and the stator channel (2) is tangent to the peripheral surface of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes (3); establishing a relation between the movement distance x of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole and the number i of scale marks detected by the grating probe (4) according to the shape of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3), and establishing the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) according to the shape of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) and the shape of the hole of the stator channel (2)2The function relation between the movement distance x of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) and the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) is finally determined2The relation between the number i of the scale marks detected by the grating probe (4) can further obtain the effective exhaust area S in real time2The curve diagram of the relation with the movement distance x is that the effective exhaust area S is realized when a single auxiliary diversion exhaust hole (3) completely passes through the stator channel (2)2Real-time contactless measurement.
2. The circular grating-based rotary valve assisted diversion exhaust area measurement method of claim 1, wherein: is composed ofEnsuring the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary diversion exhaust hole (3) in an effective exhaust period2The air-guide structure is in sine change, the auxiliary air-guide exhaust holes (3) are designed to be round holes, and the stator channels (2) are square.
3. A rotary valve auxiliary diversion exhaust area measurement method based on a circular grating is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
firstly, a circular grating (1) is installed on one side, provided with a key groove, of the outer end of a rotary valve main shaft (5) in a fixed mode, a grating probe (4) is fixedly installed at a preset distance from the circumferential end face of the circular grating (1), M auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes (3) are uniformly distributed in the middle of the rotary valve main shaft (5) along the radial direction, a stator channel (2) with a square hole in the middle is fixedly installed at the radial position, corresponding to the auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes (3), of each auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole, and the stator channel (2) is tangent to the peripheral surface of each auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3; the air flow is discharged from the square hole of the stator channel (2) through the round hole of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3); when the rotary valve main shaft (5) rotates, the process that a single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) completely passes through the stator channel (2) is defined as an effective exhaust period, and the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) in the effective exhaust period2The change is sinusoidal;
the auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes (3) are round holes, and the stator channel (2) is square;
setting the radius R of the round hole of the known variable diversion exhaust hole (3)3The side length L of a square hole of the stator channel (2) and the radius R of the circular grating (1)1And the total number of scale lines N on the surface of the glass, and the design ensures that ⊙ O is to be generated1→⊙O3The motion process is approximately simplified into a translation process
Figure FDA0002363098320000011
Step 2.1: setting the radius R of the round hole of the diversion exhaust hole (3)3And the side length L of the square hole of the stator channel (2) for ensuring the effective exhaust area S of the auxiliary diversion exhaust hole (3) in an effective exhaust period2In sinusoidal variation, L is 2R3；
Step 2.2: setting upRadius R of the circular grating (1)1The total number of scale lines on the surface of the grating (1) is N, and the radius R of the grating1And the total number N of the scale marks on the surface of the glass body satisfies the following geometrical relationship:
N＝2πR1/Δx (1)
wherein: Δ x is the distance between two adjacent graduation lines;
step 2.3 design guarantee will ⊙ O1→⊙O3The motion process is approximately simplified into a translation process
Figure FDA0002363098320000021
To ensure ⊙ O1→⊙O3The motion process is approximately simplified into a translation process
Figure FDA0002363098320000026
Need to design guarantee R1>>R3At R1>>R3Under the condition, the single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) completely passes through the motion locus ⊙ O of the square-hole stator channel (2)1→⊙O3Is a small cambered surface;
step three, determining the effective exhaust area S of the single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) passing through the square hole stator channel (2) completely according to the known variable size relation set in the step two2The variation relationship with the moving distance x is shown as follows:
Figure FDA0002363098320000022
wherein, thetatThe intermediate variable is x, i is delta x, and i is the number of grating scales read by the grating probe (4);
step four, step two already guarantee
Figure FDA0002363098320000023
In relation, when a single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) completely passes through the square hole stator channel (2),
Figure FDA0002363098320000024
subtended central angle
Figure FDA0002363098320000025
And then determining the total number N-theta N/2-pi-2 NR of the scale marks corresponding to the circular grating (1)3/πR1The distance between every two graduation marks is Deltax, namely 4R3N Δ x; zero-position scale marks on the circular grating (1) are detected through the grating probe (4), and when the accumulated scale marks reach n, a single auxiliary flow-guiding exhaust round hole (3) is shown to completely pass through the square stator channel (2);
fifthly, the grating probe (4) transmits the acquired grating scale mark signals to the data processing module in real time, and when the ith scale mark is read, the movement distance x of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) is equal to i delta x; the data processing module obtains the effective exhaust area S based on a formula2As a function of the distance x of movement, according to the effective exhaust area S2The functional relation between the auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes and the movement distance x can obtain a curve graph of the relation between the effective exhaust area and the movement distance in real time, namely the effective exhaust area S is realized in the process that a single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) completely passes through the square hole stator channel (2)2Real-time measurement of.
4. The circular grating-based rotary valve assisted diversion exhaust area measurement method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: further comprises the following steps: for the M auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes (3) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction at equal intervals, the interval between every two adjacent exhaust circular holes is 2 pi R1The total number of the corresponding grating scale lines is N/M, namely the effective exhaust hole area S is obtained when the increment of each grating scale line is accumulated to reach N/M2Periodically changed once, i.e. the effective vent area S2The single period comprises an effective exhaust section and a zero transition section, wherein the effective exhaust section represents the process that a single auxiliary flow guide exhaust hole (3) completely passes through the square-hole stator channel (2), and the zero transition section represents the effective exhaust area S at the stage2≡0；
Said effect isExhaust hole area S2The single period variation relationship satisfies the following equation:
Figure FDA0002363098320000031
determining the effective exhaust hole area S of the auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes (3) which are periodically and uniformly distributed through a formula2Along with the change relation between the movement distances x, the effective exhaust area S of a plurality of auxiliary flow guide exhaust holes (3) which are periodically and uniformly distributed can be obtained in real time2The curve diagram of the relation between the motion distance x and the motion distance x is that the effective exhaust area S is realized in the process that a plurality of periodically and uniformly distributed auxiliary diversion exhaust holes (3) completely pass through the square-hole stator channel (2)2Real-time measurement of.
5. A rotary valve assisted diversion exhaust area measurement method based on a circular grating as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein:
motion trajectory ⊙ O described in step 2.31→⊙O3Is a small cambered surface finger
Figure FDA0002363098320000041
Step one, a grating probe (4) is fixedly installed at a preset distance from the circumferential end face of the circular grating (1), and the preset distance is determined according to the size of the grating probe (4), the optical signal intensity and the installation angle.
6. A rotary valve assisted diversion exhaust area measurement method based on a circular grating as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein: the circular grating (1) is installed on one side, provided with a key groove, of the outer end of the rotary valve main shaft (5) in a fixed mode, and the fixed mode is a screw fixing mode.
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