CN109083814A - Based on the down-wind type of WECS noise suppressing method for becoming helical angle fluting - Google Patents

Based on the down-wind type of WECS noise suppressing method for becoming helical angle fluting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109083814A
CN109083814A CN201810991612.XA CN201810991612A CN109083814A CN 109083814 A CN109083814 A CN 109083814A CN 201810991612 A CN201810991612 A CN 201810991612A CN 109083814 A CN109083814 A CN 109083814A
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fluting
helical angle
pylon
wind
wecs
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CN109083814B (en
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尤延铖
林威
陈荣钱
王李璨
刘万鸿
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Xiamen University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Based on the down-wind type of WECS noise suppressing method for becoming helical angle fluting, it is related to cylinder pylon wind energy conversion system.Slotting position and slotting length are determined on cylinder pylon；On cylinder pylon, fluting helical angle size is determined；Design the depth and width of fluting and the geometry of fluting.It can not only inhibit the development of cylindrical wake Karman vortex street, moreover it is possible to play the role of drag reduction.Become the helical angle groove feature larger for blade tip partial noise, the more preferable low-frequency noise for inhibiting blade tip part.Described simple based on the wind energy conversion system low frequency aerodynamic noise suppressing method structure for becoming helical angle fluting, it is convenient to realize, does not need the control system of additional complexity, noise reduction effect is significant, is a kind of potential down-wind type of WECS noise suppression proposal.

Description

Based on the down-wind type of WECS noise suppressing method for becoming helical angle fluting
Technical field
The present invention relates to cylinder pylon wind energy conversion systems, more particularly to based on the down-wind type of WECS noise suppression for becoming helical angle fluting Method processed.
Background technique
Wind energy is increasingly taken seriously as a kind of clean renewable energy, and each state is all greatly developing wind in the world Electric cause.With the continuous expansion of installed capacity of wind-driven power, the noise problem of wind energy conversion system becomes increasingly conspicuous.If half-hearted research solution Certainly, a major obstacle for restricting wind-power electricity generation development will be become.Wind energy conversion system noise according to source can be divided into mechanical noise and Aerodynamic noise.As wind energy conversion system designs and manufactures horizontal raising, the mechanical noise of wind energy conversion system has been substantially reduced, and pneumatically makes an uproar Sound is still an insoluble problem.Wind energy conversion system aerodynamic noise can be divided into according to production principle: low frequency aerodynamic noise, incoming flow Turbulent flow interference noise and blade self noise [1].It is more to the research of blade self noise, incoming flow turbulent flow interference noise at present, to wind The research of power machine low frequency aerodynamic noise is less.With the continuous increase of wind energy conversion system size, wind energy conversion system low frequency aerodynamic noise problem will [2] more and more prominent will become the major obstacle for restricting wind-powered electricity generation career development if do not solved, therefore it is low to need development wind energy conversion system Frequency aerodynamic noise inhibits research.
Wind energy conversion system can be divided into windward formula wind energy conversion system according to the relative position of wind wheel and pylon (wind wheel is in the upstream of pylon) With down-wind type of WECS (wind wheel is in the downstream of pylon).Wind energy conversion system in power generation process, wind by pylon due to pylon obstruction, It will affect the size and Orientation of wind, while will cause the load fluctuation on pneumatic equipment bladess surface, here it is the tower shadow of wind energy conversion system effects Answer [3].The low frequency aerodynamic noise of wind energy conversion system refer to due to pneumatic equipment bladess by the speed of pylon lose region or wake zone with The unsteady load noise that the Shedding Vortex interaction of pylon generates, the non-stationarity of tower wake is wind energy conversion system in tower shadow effect The main reason for generating low-frequency noise.For down-wind type of WECS since air-flow will first flow through the leaf that pylon then flows into wind energy conversion system Piece, therefore the tower shadow effect of down-wind type of WECS is seriously much than windward formula wind energy conversion system.For windward formula wind energy conversion system, tower shadow effect The low frequency aerodynamic noise that should be generated is smaller, and for down-wind type of WECS, the low frequency aerodynamic noise that tower shadow effect generates is very big, is Need key problems-solving.
The means for weakening wind energy conversion system tower shadow effect at present mainly have stator flux oriented vector control [4], adaptive Trailing edge technology [5] etc..Wherein stator flux oriented vector control is to be avoided using complicated control system due to tower shadow Effect leads to generated output chattering；It using adaptive trailing edge technology, is dropped using the aeroeleastic deformation of aerofoil profile trailing edge Load fluctuation of the low wind energy conversion system under tower shadow effect effect.However these methods be all using active control technology, and not The influence of tower shadow effect is reduced from source.Since most pylon is using cylinder pylon, at present both at home and abroad for cylinder Wake control has carried out a large amount of research work, achieves a series of achievements.The present invention uses cylindrical wake control means The low frequency levels of aerodynamic noise of wind energy conversion system is reduced by weakening the non-stationarity of windmill tower frame wake flow.
For down-wind type of WECS, wind energy conversion system tower shadow effect is that the wake flow of cylinder pylon acts on wind machine oar leaf generation, Therefore the low frequency aerodynamic noise that reduce wind energy conversion system substantially seeks to control the wake flow of cylinder pylon.Existing research refers to Flow control method can be used by inhibiting cylinder tower wake card in down-wind type of WECS biggish for low frequency aerodynamic noise out The development of door vortex street weakens surface load fluctuation when blade passes through tower wake, so that the low frequency for reducing wind energy conversion system is pneumatically made an uproar Sound.The development for inhibiting cylinder tower wake Karman vortex street, reduces the low frequency aerodynamic noise of down-wind type of WECS, there is active control side Method and passive control methods.Active Control Method: it using/air-breathing scheme is blown such as on windmill tower frame, then needs in pylon Surrounding arrangement blows/getter device, while installing complicated control system, and this adds increased the costs of equipment and equipment to be out of order Probability, and need biggish energy input.According to passive control methods, then the control method must be considered to wind first Wheel is all effective in each orientation of pylon, and the methods of installation diaphragm plate, installation radome fairing are all just for one direction of cylinder pylon Wake flow have control effect, therefore be also not suitable for using.Spiral grooves are the novel cylindrical wake controls of one kind proposed in recent years Method [6,7] processed, has control effect to the incoming flow of all directions, also can effectively inhibit cylindrical wake under high reynolds number Karman vortex street structure, has good drag-reduction effect, these features reduce wind energy conversion system for the tower shadow effect of decrease wind energy conversion system Low frequency levels of aerodynamic noise is all very favorable.
Bibliography:
1.WagnerS,BareibR,GuidatiG.Wind turbine noise[M].Berlin:Springer, 1996:200-210。
2. Li Xiaodong, Xu Ying is rich, river Min wind energy conversion system Study of Aerodynamic present condition and developing tendency [J] applied mathematics and power It learns, 2013,34 (10): 1083-1090.
3.Jung S S,Cheung W S,Cheong C L,et al.Experimental identification of acoustic emission characteristics of large wind turbines with emphasis on infrasound and low-frequency noise[J].Journal of the Korean physical society, 2008,53(4):1897-1905。
4.Miyakawa T,Shinohara K,Yamamoto K,et al.A suppression method of tower shadow effect in wind power system using a wound rotor induction generator[A].Electric machines and drives conference[C].Miami,Florida,2009。
5.Buhl T,Gaunaa M,Bak C.Potential load reduction using airfoils with variable trailing edge geomery[J].Journal of solar energy engineering,2005, 127(4):503-516。
6.Huang S.VIV suppression of a two-degree-of-freedom circular cylinder and drag reduction of a fixed circular cylinder by the use of helical grooves[J].Journal of fluids and structures,2011,27:1124-1133。
7.Alonzo Garcia A,C del Gutierrez,Jimenez Bernal J A.large eddy simulation of the subcritical flow over a U-grooved circular cylinder[J] .Advances in mechanical engineering,2014,ID 418398。
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide based on the down-wind type of WECS noise suppressing method for becoming helical angle fluting.
The present invention the following steps are included:
1) slotting position and slotting length are determined on cylinder pylon；
It is described to determine that the specific method of slotting position and slotting length on cylinder pylon in step 1) are as follows: according to Pylon and pneumatic equipment bladess positional relationship are that starting is slotted with cylinder pylon top end；According to wind wheel blade diameter Determine slotting length.
2) on cylinder pylon, fluting helical angle size is determined；
In step 2), the determining fluting helical angle size specific method can are as follows: since wind machine oar leaf is close to blade tip Partial linear velocity is big, and the noise of generation is big, therefore reduces helical angle size in helicla flute of the cylinder pylon close to blade tip part, adds The circle number of close fluting, the more preferable Karman vortex street structure for inhibiting the cylindrical wake near blade tip are opposite using far from blade tip part Compared with the groove of large helix angle.
3) depth and width of design fluting and the geometry of fluting.
In step 3), the specific method of the geometry of the depth and width and fluting of the design fluting can are as follows: root According to cylinder tower diameter size and wind machine oar leaf diameter, and guarantee geometry intensity, rigidity and the stabilization of cylinder pylon Property require, determine groove depth, width, need to reduce friction loss according to groove, avoid stress concentrate requirement determine fluting Shape.
It is more preferable to the effect for the main region noise reduction for generating noise that the present invention becomes helical angle fluting.First on cylinder pylon Spiral mode of grooving is selected, the Karman vortex street intensity of cylinder tower wake is inhibited.Then change the helical angle of different location, It encrypts to close to blade tip part, to preferably weaken noise caused by blade and Karman vortex street interaction, realizes Reduce the purpose of noise.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows:
Spiral grooves of the invention can not only inhibit the development of cylindrical wake Karman vortex street, moreover it is possible to play the role of drag reduction. Become the helical angle groove feature larger for blade tip partial noise, the more preferable low-frequency noise for inhibiting blade tip part.It is of the present invention Simple based on the wind energy conversion system low frequency aerodynamic noise suppressing method structure for becoming helical angle fluting, it is convenient to realize, does not need additional complexity Control system, noise reduction effect is significant, is a kind of potential down-wind type of WECS noise suppression proposal.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is down-wind type of WECS typical case flowing and the tower shadow effect schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the down-wind type of WECS typical case flowing that the change helical angle of the embodiment of the present invention is slotted is illustrated with tower shadow effect Figure.
Fig. 3 is the change helical angle fluting wind energy conversion system schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the position of the fluting of the embodiment of the present invention, length schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the big logotype of helical angle of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the cylinder pylon trench profile position view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the cylinder pylon trench profile scale diagrams of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the groove dimensions information schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the half slot schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the oval groove schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the principles of the tower shadow effect of down-wind type of WECS: the horizontal incoming flow 1 in infinity flows through down-wind type of WECS When, the obstruction due to the air-flow near cylinder pylon by down-wind type of WECS cylinder pylon 3 forms Tathagata stream by circle Speed loss 2 after column pylon.Changes will occur for the air-flow size and direction vector blocked by pylon, cylinder pylon two sides It forms incoming flow and flows through the whirlpool 4 that pylon falls off.Tower wake area can generate unsteady Karman vortex street, after formation incoming flow flows through pylon Speed lose region 6.The unsteady wake flow area of pylon flows through pneumatic equipment bladess 5, and incoming flow flows through the whirlpool 4 and blade that pylon falls off Interaction is so that blade surface can generate load fluctuation, generation low-frequency noise.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is the leeward for becoming helical angle fluting Formula wind energy conversion system tower shadow effect inhibits principle and schematic diagram, and (in Fig. 2, label 7 is speed of the incoming flow after cylinder pylon of slotting Loss, 10 be the whirlpool that incoming flow flows through that change helical angle fluting pylon falls off, and 11 flow through the speed after becoming helical angle fluting pylon for incoming flow Degree loss region): horizontal 1 a part of incoming flow in infinity blows to pneumatic equipment bladess 5 by radome fairing 12 and motor 13.Another portion The down-wind type of WECS cylinder pylon 8 for dividing air-flow to slot by becoming helical angle, due to having spiral grooves 9 on pylon, effectively The development of cylindrical wake Karman vortex street is inhibited, weakens surface load fluctuation when blade passes through tower wake, to reduce wind The low frequency aerodynamic noise of power machine.Due to V=Ω R (V is linear velocity, and Ω is revolving speed, and R is radius), tip segment linear velocity is larger, Noise is also larger, reduces helical angle in the spiral grooves encrypted area 14 apart from tip segment, increases fluting circle number, more preferably to inhibit Noise at blade tip.Biggish helical angle is used far from tip segment.It is smoothly transitted becoming helical angle place using secondary.
Specific implementation step is as follows:
Step 1: on cylinder pylon, slotting position, slotting length are determined.Such as Fig. 4, started setting up from tower top Section fluting, fluting total length L are (0.5~1.5) R.The length H of spiral grooves encrypted area 14 is (0.1~0.2) near blade tip R.14 position of spiral grooves encrypted area are as follows: encryption fluting zone centerline 15 and 16 minimum point S of blade tip trajectory line are in same level On face.Wherein R is pneumatic equipment bladess span diameter.
Step 2: on cylinder pylon, fluting helical angle size is determined.
With reference to Fig. 5, takes α and β to be all greater than 0, be at this time left hand helix slot.Helixangleβ at spiral grooves encrypted area 14 is (10 °~30 °), non-encrypted area angle α are (30 °~60 °).It is at this time right hand helix slot when taking α and β to be smaller than 0, encrypted area angle beta For (- 10 °~-30 °), non-encrypted area angle α is (- 30 °~-60 °).
Step 3: the depth and width of fluting and the geometry of slot are designed.Slot is cross-section slot.Slot should come with level It is maximum to flow contact area, preferably to inhibit the effect of Karman vortex street.It is equipped with chamfering in slot bottom, chamfering and pylon need smooth mistake It crosses.With reference to Fig. 6, groove is introduced by taking the section CGID on cylinder pylon as an example, the side CG of the section is overlapped with body diameter, side CD It is overlapped with cylinder pylon bus 20, with grooves in O, F two o'clock.
The groove of chamfering is equipped with using bottom, with reference to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8., the depth N (0.01D~0.15D) of slot, the width of slot M (0.001R~0.07R).It is equipped with chamfering in slot bottom, the wall surface 17,18 of slot should be tangent with chamfering, smoothly transits, and reduces friction. Chamfer shape is designed using elliptic curve, by control parameter come the shape of control flume.The wall surface 18 (rectilinear form) of slot Depth is n, and depth of chamfering a (0~N), (rectilinear form) width of wall surface 17 of slot is m, chamfering width b (0~0.5M).It is oval bent Line meets elliptical equation (1).The 17 width m of wall surface of slot meets relational expression (2)；The 18 depth n of wall surface of slot meets relational expression (3).In order to enable the horizontal incoming flow 1 in infinity flows into groove as far as possible, slot must be with infinite far water in the direction of exit tangent line 19 Flat 1 direction of incoming flow is consistent, i.e., vertical with cylinder pylon bus 20.In fig. 8, AB two o'clock respectively correspond elliptical long/short axis (or Short/long axis) vertex, the elliptical a quarter camber line of constituted curve expression.R is pneumatic equipment bladess diameter, and D is that cylinder pylon is straight Diameter.
M=m+2b (2)
N=n+a (3)
Referring to Fig. 8, by taking slot OF as an example, it is known that the coordinate of A point is (XA, YA), according to above-mentioned geometrical relationship: the coordinate of A For (n, 0), the coordinate of B is (a+n, b).Therefore, the length that need to only give a, b, n, m, that is, may know that the coordinate of A, B two o'clock, i.e., Required groove size and shape can be obtained.
Work as n=m=0, when a=b=N=M/2, the coordinate (O, 0) of A, the coordinate (a, b) of B.A point and origin O weight at this time It closes, slot is half slot, the radius r=N of slot, α=90 °, and semicircle groove shape meets equation (4).Shape and size such as Fig. 9 of slot. This diameter of a circle is overlapped with cylinder pylon bus 20.Slot exit tangent line 19 and the horizontal incoming flow 1 in infinity are tangent, and channel bottom is equal Even transition.The curve constituted is half circular arc.
x2+(y-b)2=a2 (4)
Work as n=m=0, when a ≠ b, the coordinate (O, 0) of A, the coordinate (a, b) of B.A point is overlapped with origin O at this time, and slot is half Oval groove meets equation (5), shape and size such as Figure 10 of slot.Slot of the oval groove at exit point O is in exit tangent line 19 is consistent with horizontal direction of flow, i.e., vertical with cylinder pylon bus 20.Channel bottom even transition, the curve constituted indicate Elliptical half camber line.

Claims (4)

1. based on the down-wind type of WECS noise suppressing method for becoming helical angle fluting, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) slotting position and slotting length are determined on cylinder pylon；
2) on cylinder pylon, fluting helical angle size is determined；
3) depth and width of design fluting and the geometry of fluting.
2. as described in claim 1 based on the down-wind type of WECS noise suppressing method for becoming helical angle fluting, it is characterised in that It is described that slotting position and slotting length are determined on cylinder pylon method particularly includes: according to pylon and wind energy conversion system in step 1) Leaf position relationship is that starting is slotted with cylinder pylon top end；Slotting length is determined according to wind wheel blade diameter.
3. as described in claim 1 based on the down-wind type of WECS noise suppressing method for becoming helical angle fluting, it is characterised in that In step 2), the determining fluting helical angle size method particularly includes: reduce in helicla flute of the cylinder pylon close to blade tip part Helical angle size encrypts the circle number of fluting, inhibits the Karman vortex street structure of the cylindrical wake near blade tip, far from blade tip part Using the groove of relatively large helical angle.
4. as described in claim 1 based on the down-wind type of WECS noise suppressing method for becoming helical angle fluting, it is characterised in that In step 3), the geometry of the depth and width and fluting of the design fluting method particularly includes: straight according to cylinder pylon Diameter size and wind machine oar leaf diameter, and guarantee geometry intensity, rigidity and the stability requirement of cylinder pylon, determination is opened Groove depth and width.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113987713A (en) * 2021-11-04 2022-01-28 华北电力大学 Wind turbine generator gearbox helical angle optimization method and system

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CN106321366A (en) * 2016-10-09 2017-01-11 上海理工大学 Vertical axis wind machine tower of fractal structure
CN107461304A (en) * 2017-09-11 2017-12-12 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Surrounding body and equipment for inhibiting vibration of enclosure structure and method for hoisting tower drum
CN107956650A (en) * 2017-11-21 2018-04-24 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Building enclosure with vibration inhibiting function and method for inhibiting vibration of building enclosure
WO2018083054A1 (en) * 2016-11-07 2018-05-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vortex-shedding-arrangement

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202483805U (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-10-10 江苏道达海洋装备技术有限公司 Marine wind generation wind vibration preventing device
CN106321366A (en) * 2016-10-09 2017-01-11 上海理工大学 Vertical axis wind machine tower of fractal structure
WO2018083054A1 (en) * 2016-11-07 2018-05-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vortex-shedding-arrangement
CN107461304A (en) * 2017-09-11 2017-12-12 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Surrounding body and equipment for inhibiting vibration of enclosure structure and method for hoisting tower drum
CN107956650A (en) * 2017-11-21 2018-04-24 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Building enclosure with vibration inhibiting function and method for inhibiting vibration of building enclosure

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113987713A (en) * 2021-11-04 2022-01-28 华北电力大学 Wind turbine generator gearbox helical angle optimization method and system
CN113987713B (en) * 2021-11-04 2022-05-20 华北电力大学 Wind turbine generator gearbox helical angle optimization method and system

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