CN109079168B

CN109079168B - Crankshaft machining device and machining method

Info

Publication number: CN109079168B
Application number: CN201811184472.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐亚辉; 常安全; 王晓雨
Original assignee: CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-10-11
Filing date: 2018-10-11
Publication date: 2020-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-11
Also published as: CN109079168A

Abstract

The invention discloses a crankshaft machining device and a crankshaft machining method, and relates to the technical field of crankshaft machining. This bent axle processingequipment includes the eccentric axle sleeve subassembly of bent axle and the top subassembly of adjustable eccentric, and the eccentric axle sleeve subassembly of bent axle includes eccentric axle sleeve and spline collet chuck, and spline collet chuck inlays and locates eccentric axle sleeve and be provided with and wait to process the fixed splined hole of bent axle. The adjustable eccentric center assembly comprises a rotating center and a linear slide rail assembly, wherein the rotating center is slidably arranged on the linear slide rail assembly and comprises a center matched with a crankshaft to be processed. The crankshaft machining device has the advantage of high positioning accuracy, can machine eccentric shaft sections with different phase angles, realizes quick plugging and pulling, and improves the working efficiency.

Description

Crankshaft machining device and machining method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crankshaft machining, in particular to a crankshaft machining device and a crankshaft machining method.

Background

The crankshaft is a component in which the center lines of two or more sections of excircles are parallel and do not coincide on the same shaft, and is widely used in various engines, speed reducers and other devices. The eccentric shaft can realize various mechanical actions due to unique structural characteristics, is a common mechanical part in the field of mechanical design, and has different processing technologies according to different eccentric values and design accuracy.

At present, the common crankshaft processing methods in the domestic machining industry comprise a double-tip method, an eccentric shaft sleeve method, a three-jaw self-centering chuck gasket adding method and the like. However, most of these machining methods have low precision and low efficiency, are not suitable for batch machining, lack a flexible and efficient center to be matched with, and need to machine a center hole and an eccentric center hole on the end surface of the shaft during machining, and the position of the center needs to be adjusted during machining of the eccentric shaft section, which results in multiple working procedures, complex operation and difficulty in ensuring precision requirements.

Two or three crankshafts are arranged in a main stream industrial robot speed reducer in the market, and due to the fact that the speed reducer is compact in structure and high in part machining precision requirement, the requirements on the size and the precision of the crankshafts are also high, the eccentricity of an eccentric shaft section on the crankshafts is small, and machining difficulty is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a crankshaft machining device which has high positioning precision, can machine eccentric shaft sections with different phase angles, realizes quick plugging and unplugging, improves the working efficiency, simplifies the machining method process, reduces the manufacturing cost, is suitable for batch production in small and medium-sized enterprises, and has wide application.

The invention also aims to provide a crankshaft machining method which is simple in process, high in machining precision, suitable for machining large-batch crankshafts with different eccentric distances and high in practicability.

The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:

based on the above purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a crankshaft machining device, including a crankshaft eccentric shaft sleeve assembly and an adjustable eccentric center assembly, where the crankshaft eccentric shaft sleeve assembly includes an eccentric shaft sleeve and a spline collet chuck, and the spline collet chuck is embedded in the eccentric shaft sleeve and is provided with a spline hole fixed with a crankshaft to be machined;

the adjustable eccentric center assembly comprises a rotating center and a linear slide rail assembly, wherein the rotating center is slidably arranged on the linear slide rail assembly and comprises a center matched with the crankshaft to be processed.

In addition, the crankshaft machining device provided by the embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:

in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the eccentric sleeve is provided with a tapered eccentric hole, and a peripheral wall of the eccentric hole is provided with at least one key slot along an axial direction;

the outer peripheral wall of the spline collet chuck is of a conical structure matched with the eccentric hole, and a positioning key matched with the key groove is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the spline collet chuck.

In an optional embodiment of the invention, a distance is formed between the axis of the eccentric hole and the axis of the outer wall of the eccentric sleeve, and the distance is the same as the eccentric distance of the crankshaft to be processed.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the number of keyways is two and located at phase angles of 0 ° and 180 °, respectively, the positioning key being able to cooperate with the keyways of different phase angles, respectively.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the splined bore of the splined collet is tapered.

In an optional embodiment of the invention, the spline collet is circumferentially provided with a self-locking structure, the self-locking structure comprises a first groove and a second groove which are axially formed and are communicated with the spline hole, the spline collet comprises a large end and a small end which are opposite, the first groove extends towards the large end, and the second groove extends towards the small end.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable eccentric center assembly further comprises a bearing retainer ring assembly and a base assembly;

the linear slide rail assembly is connected with the base body assembly, and the bearing retainer ring assembly is sleeved on the base body assembly.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the linear sliding rail assembly includes a linear sliding block, a linear sliding rail, and a rotary base, the rotary base is fixedly connected to the base assembly, the linear sliding rail is disposed on a side of the rotary base away from the base assembly, and the linear sliding block is slidably disposed on the linear sliding rail.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the linear slide block is provided with a first connecting part, the base of the rotating center is provided with a second connecting part, and the first connecting part is in threaded connection with the second connecting part.

In an optional embodiment of the invention, the linear slide block is provided with a slide rail groove, the linear slide rail is provided with a slide guide surface matched with the slide rail groove, the slide guide surface is matched with the slide rail groove, a slide cavity is formed between the slide guide surface and the slide rail groove, a ball retainer is arranged in the slide cavity, and the ball retainer is provided with balls.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the bearing retainer assembly includes a first retainer, a first bearing, a second bearing, and a third bearing;

the base body assembly comprises a Morse base and a Morse taper shank, the Morse base is sleeved on the Morse taper shank and forms a cavity, and the third bearing, the second bearing, the first bearing and the first check ring are sequentially arranged in the cavity.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first bearing and the third bearing are both deep groove ball bearings, and the second bearing is a thrust ball bearing.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the live center comprises a spindle, a morse base, and a bearing assembly;

the Morse base body comprises a fixed end and a matching end, the fixed end is fixedly connected with the linear sliding block, the mandrel is arranged at the matching end and forms a matching cavity, and the bearing assembly comprises a second retainer ring, a fourth bearing, a fifth bearing and a sixth bearing;

the sixth bearing, the fifth bearing, the fourth bearing and the second retainer are sequentially arranged in the matching cavity.

In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the fourth bearing and the sixth bearing are both deep groove ball bearings, and the fifth bearing is a thrust ball bearing.

The invention also provides a crankshaft machining method, which is used for machining the crankshaft with the spline shaft section and the bearing mounting section and comprises the following steps:

the preparation method comprises the following steps: clamping a crankshaft to be processed on a machine tool chuck through a crankshaft eccentric shaft sleeve assembly, enabling a spline shaft section to be matched with a spline collet chuck, and installing a Morse taper shank in an adjustable eccentric center assembly in a taper hole of a lathe tailstock;

and (3) adjusting: the tailstock is moved to be close to a crankshaft to be machined, the linear sliding block and the rotating center are adjusted, a central hole of the crankshaft to be machined is centered by a central shaft of the rotating center, the lathe tailstock is finely adjusted, and a workpiece is clamped;

the processing steps are as follows: and processing the clamped workpiece.

In an optional embodiment of the invention, the adjusting step further comprises an automatic aligning step, the rotating center slides along the linear slide rail through the linear slide block, and the linear slide rail is automatically adjusted and aligned.

The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the crankshaft machining device has the advantage of high positioning accuracy, can machine eccentric shaft sections with different phase angles, realizes quick plugging and pulling and improves the working efficiency.

The crankshaft machining method is simple to operate and simple in process, does not need secondary machining of the eccentric center hole, does not need the advantages of a shaft material reserved process clamping head, simplifies the process for machining the eccentric shaft on the premise of ensuring machining precision, reduces manufacturing cost, is suitable for batch production in small and medium-sized enterprises, and has wide application prospect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a crankshaft machining apparatus provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a crankshaft;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the eccentric bushing of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the splined collet of FIG. 1 from a first perspective;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the splined collet of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the splined collet of FIG. 1 from a second perspective;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the adjustable eccentric center assembly of fig. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the linear slide and the linear slide rail of FIG. 7;

fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the live center of fig. 7.

Icon: 100-crankshaft machining means; 10-a crankshaft; 102-a splined shaft segment; 103-a first tapered roller bearing mounting shaft section; 104-eccentric shaft section; 105-a second tapered roller bearing mounting shaft section; 12-crankshaft eccentric bushing assembly; 121-eccentric sleeve; 122-eccentric hole; 123-key slot; 125-spline collet chuck; 126-orientation key; 127-first groove; 128-second groove cutting; 18-an adjustable eccentric center assembly; 181-live centre; 1812-mandrel; 1813-Morse matrix; 1814-bearing assembly; 1815-second retaining ring; 1816-fourth bearing; 1817-fifth bearing; 1818-sixth bearing; 183-linear slide rail assembly; 1832-linear slider; 1835-linear slide; 1836-sliding chamber; 1837-rotating base; 1838-ball bearing; 186-a retainer ring assembly; 189-a base member; 1893-Mohs base; 1896-Morse taper shank; 1861 — a first retainer ring; 1862 — a first bearing; 1863-second bearing; 1864-third bearing; 201-chuck.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

Example 1

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crankshaft machining apparatus 100 according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the crankshaft machining apparatus 100 according to embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a crankshaft eccentric bushing assembly 12 and an adjustable eccentric center assembly 18.

The crankshaft machining device 100 is used for machining a crankshaft 10 to be machined, a machine tool chuck 201 is used for clamping and fixing one end of the crankshaft 10 to be machined through a crankshaft eccentric sleeve assembly 12, the other end of the crankshaft 10 to be machined is tightly pushed through an adjustable eccentric center assembly 18, high-efficiency and high-precision batch machining can be achieved, the machined crankshaft 10 can be applied to an industrial robot speed reducer, machining precision is high, and the precision of an eccentric distance can be effectively guaranteed.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of crankshaft 10, as shown in fig. 2. The crankshaft 10 includes a spline shaft section 102, a first tapered roller bearing mounting shaft section 103, two eccentric shaft sections 104 having a phase difference of 180 °, and a second tapered roller bearing mounting shaft section 105. The spline shaft section 102 is provided with two snap spring grooves for positioning the planetary gear. A retainer groove is formed on the outer side of the two eccentric shaft segments 104 to fix a needle bearing mounted on the eccentric shaft. The spline shaft section 102 is provided with a plurality of tooth grooves, and the phase positions of the tooth grooves and the lowest or highest position of the eccentric shaft close to the spline end are correspondingly consistent.

The crankshaft eccentric sleeve assembly 12 is matched and clamped with a spline shaft section 102 of the crankshaft 10, and the adjustable eccentric center assembly 18 is matched with a second tapered roller bearing installation shaft section 105.

The specific structure and the correspondence relationship between the components of the crankshaft machining device 100 will be described in detail below.

The crankshaft eccentric sleeve assembly 12 comprises an eccentric sleeve 121 and a spline collet 125, the spline collet 125 is embedded in the eccentric sleeve 121, and the spline collet 125 is provided with a spline hole fixed with the crankshaft 10 to be processed, and the spline hole can be matched with the spline shaft section 102 of the crankshaft 10.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the eccentric sleeve 121, and fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the splined collet 125 from a first perspective. Please refer to fig. 3 and 4.

The eccentric shaft sleeve 121 is provided with a conical eccentric hole 122, an interval is formed between the axial lead of the eccentric hole 122 and the axial lead where the outer wall of the eccentric shaft sleeve 121 is located, the interval is the same as the eccentric interval of the crankshaft 10 to be processed, the crankshaft 10 with different eccentricities can be processed by replacing the eccentric shaft sleeve 121 with different eccentricities, the operation is convenient, and the eccentricity precision is high.

Optionally, the circumferential wall of the eccentric hole 122 is provided with at least one key slot 123 along the axial direction, and different key slots 123 are used for matching with crankshafts 10 with different phase angles. In this embodiment, the number of key slots 123 is two and is respectively located at a phase angle of 0 ° and 180 °, i.e., the included angle between two key slots 123 is 180 °, and different phase angles are achieved by selectively mating the spline collet 125 with different key slots 123.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the splined collet 125, and FIG. 6 is a structural schematic view of the splined collet 125 from a second perspective. Please refer to fig. 5 and 6.

The spline collet 125 is a tapered structure, the outer peripheral wall of the spline collet 125 is matched with the eccentric hole 122 of the eccentric sleeve 121, the spline collet 125 is provided with a tapered spline hole, the peripheral wall of the spline hole is uniformly provided with a plurality of spline grooves 123 at intervals, and the spline grooves 123 are just matched with the spline shaft section 102 of the crankshaft 10.

Optionally, the outer peripheral wall of the spline collet 125 is provided with a positioning key 126, the positioning key 126 is matched with the key groove 123 of the eccentric shaft sleeve 121, so that the positioning key 126 can be respectively matched with the key grooves 123 with different phase angles, and the spline collet 125 is matched with the eccentric shaft sleeve 121 at a certain phase angle through the positioning key 126.

Optionally, the spline collet 125 is further provided with a self-locking structure along the circumferential direction, the self-locking structure includes a first groove 127 and a second groove 128 which are axially opened and are both communicated with the spline hole, and the extending direction of the first groove 127 is opposite to the extending direction of the second groove 128.

The spline collet 125 includes a large end and a small end opposite to each other, the first groove 127 extends toward the large end and extends to the edge of the large end, and the second groove 128 extends toward the small end and extends to the edge of the small end, so that the spline collet 125 has an elastic locking force, when the spline collet 125 is inserted into the eccentric hole 122 of the eccentric sleeve 121, the crankshaft 10 to be machined is inserted into the spline hole of the spline collet 125, and a self-locking function is realized according to the characteristics of a self-locking structure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the adjustable eccentric center assembly 18. Please refer to fig. 7.

The adjustable eccentric center assembly 18 comprises a rotating center 181 and a linear sliding rail assembly 183, the rotating center 181 is slidably arranged on the linear sliding rail assembly 183, the rotating center 181 comprises a center matched with the crankshaft 10 to be processed, the center is used for tightly supporting the second tapered roller bearing mounting shaft section 105 of the crankshaft 10 to be processed, and the adjustable eccentric center assembly 18 is matched with the crankshaft eccentric shaft sleeve assembly 12 to complete clamping and positioning of the crankshaft 10.

The adjustable eccentric center assembly 18 further comprises a bearing retainer assembly 186 and a base assembly 189, the base assembly 189 is sleeved with the bearing retainer assembly 186, and the linear sliding rail assembly 183 is connected with the end portion of the base assembly 189.

Specifically, the linear sliding rail assembly 183 includes a linear sliding block 1832, a linear sliding rail 1835 and a rotary base 1837, the base assembly 189 includes a morse base 1893 and a morse taper shank 1896, the rotary base 1837 is fixedly connected to one end of the morse taper shank 1896, the linear sliding rail 1835 is disposed on one side of the rotary base 1837 far away from the morse taper shank 1896, and the linear sliding block 1832 is slidably disposed on the linear sliding rail 1835.

The rotating center 181 is assembled on the linear sliding block 1832 through a threaded hole on a base thereof, and the linear sliding block 1832 is assembled on the linear sliding rail 1835, so that the rotating center 181 can slide along the linear sliding rail 1835 through the linear sliding block 1832, thereby realizing the adjustment of the eccentricity.

Optionally, the linear slider 1832 is provided with a first connecting portion, the base of the rotating center 181 is provided with a second connecting portion, and the first connecting portion is in threaded connection with the second connecting portion. In this embodiment, the linear slide 1835 is fixed to the rotating base 1837 by screws, and the rotating base 1837 is fitted into the morse taper shank 1896.

The bearing retainer assembly 186 includes a first retainer 1861, a first bearing 1862, a second bearing 1863, and a third bearing 1864, the morse base 1893 is sleeved on the morse taper shank 1896 and forms a cavity, and the third bearing 1864, the second bearing 1863, the first bearing 1862, and the first retainer 1861 are sequentially disposed in the cavity, so as to realize relative rotation between the morse taper shank 1896 and the morse base 1893.

In this embodiment, the first bearing 1862 and the third bearing 1864 are both deep groove ball bearings, the second bearing 1863 is a thrust ball bearing, the deep groove ball bearing and the bore of the morse base 1893 are in interference fit, a washer is arranged between the thrust ball bearing and the deep groove ball bearing, and a bearing retainer ring is screwed into the bore of the morse base 1893.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the linear slide 1832 and linear slide 1835, please refer to fig. 8.

A slide rail groove is formed in one end, away from the rotating center 181, of the linear slider 1832, the linear slide rail 1835 is provided with a slide guide surface matched with the slide rail groove, a slide cavity 1836 is formed between the slide guide surface and the slide rail groove in a matched manner, a ball retainer is arranged in the slide cavity 1836, and the ball retainer is provided with balls 1838, so that sliding friction and convenient relative motion are realized between the linear slider 1832 and the linear slide rail 1835.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the live center 181, please refer to fig. 9.

Live center 181 includes a spindle 1812, a morse base 1813, and a bearing assembly 1814, with spindle 1812 rotatably connected to morse base 1813 by bearing assembly 1814.

Specifically, the morse substrate 1813 includes a fixed end and a mating end, the fixed end is fixedly connected with the linear slider 1832, the mating end is provided with a mounting hole, the mandrel 1812 is disposed in the mounting hole of the mating end and forms a mating cavity, and the bearing assembly 1814 is embedded in the mating cavity, so that the mandrel 1812 and the morse substrate 1813 can rotate relatively.

Optionally, the bearing assembly 1814 includes a second retainer 1815, a fourth bearing 1816, a fifth bearing 1817 and a sixth bearing 1818, the fifth bearing 1817, the fourth bearing 1816 and the second retainer 1815 are sequentially disposed in the matching cavity, in this embodiment, the fourth bearing 1816 and the sixth bearing 1818 are both deep groove ball bearings, and the fifth bearing 1817 is a thrust ball bearing, and the assembly is firm.

The crankshaft 10 produced by using the crankshaft machining device 100 is compact in structure and applied to an industrial robot speed reducer, a spline shaft section 102 of the crankshaft 10 is in spline fit with the inner spline of a planetary gear in the speed reducer and used for transmitting power, two eccentric shafts in the middle of the crankshaft 10 are matched with bearing holes in cycloid gears through needle bearings, so that the two cycloid gears are driven to do eccentric rotary motion with a phase difference of 180 degrees and are matched with the speed reducer in place, the crankshaft 10 is high in machining precision and can meet the requirements of precision grade and tolerance simultaneously, and the crankshaft 10 can also be used for machining other crankshaft 10 parts with different eccentric distances.

The crankshaft machining device 100 provided by the embodiment 1 of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

compared with the traditional clamp, the crankshaft machining device 100 provided by the embodiment has the advantage of high positioning accuracy, can machine the eccentric shaft sections 104 with different phase angles, can also realize quick plugging and unplugging, and improves the working efficiency.

Compared with the traditional center, the adjustable eccentric center has the advantages of simplicity in operation, simplicity in process, no need of secondary machining of an eccentric center hole and no need of shaft material reservation of a process clamping head, simplifies the process of machining an eccentric shaft on the premise of ensuring machining precision, reduces manufacturing cost, is suitable for batch production in small and medium-sized enterprises, and has wide application prospect.

Example 2

Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a crankshaft machining method, which is used for machining a crankshaft 10 having a spline shaft section 102 and a bearing installation section, and specifically described as follows:

the preparation method comprises the following steps: the crankshaft 10 to be processed is clamped on a machine tool chuck 201 through a crankshaft eccentric shaft sleeve assembly 12, so that a spline shaft section 102 is matched with a spline collet chuck 125, and a Morse taper shank 1896 in an adjustable eccentric center assembly 18 is installed in a taper hole of a lathe tailstock.

Namely, one end of the crankshaft 10 to be processed is assembled on the eccentric shaft sleeve 121 assembly, then the crankshaft is integrally clamped in the machine tool chuck 201, the other end of the crankshaft 10 to be processed is tightly pressed through the adjustable eccentric center, as the outer wall of the spline collet chuck 125 is provided with the first groove 127 and the second groove 128, the grooves are communicated with the spline hole, the spline collet chuck 125 is firstly inserted into the eccentric shaft sleeve 121, and then the spline shaft section 102 of the crankshaft 10 is inserted into the spline collet chuck 125, so that the self-locking function can be realized.

The positioning key 126 on the spline collet 125 is matched with the key groove 123 on the eccentric shaft sleeve 121, and the crankshaft 10 with different eccentricities can be processed by replacing the eccentric shaft sleeve 121 with different eccentricities.

And (3) adjusting: and (3) moving the tailstock to be close to the crankshaft to be machined, adjusting the linear slider 1832 and the rotating center 181, centering a central hole of the crankshaft to be machined by using a mandrel 1812 of the rotating center 181, finely adjusting the lathe tailstock, and clamping the workpiece.

The method comprises the steps of installing a Morse taper shank 1896 in a taper hole of a lathe tailstock, clamping a crankshaft to be machined, moving the tailstock close to a workpiece, adjusting a linear slider 1832 and a rotary center 181 to enable a 60-degree taper mandrel 1812 to center the center hole of the workpiece, then finely adjusting the lathe tailstock again to enable the center of the mandrel 1812 to tightly push the workpiece, and completing the clamping work of the workpiece.

When the workpiece is tightly pushed, the linear sliding rail 1835 can be automatically adjusted and aligned, so that the linear sliding rail 1835 is applicable to processing parts with different eccentricities, the operation is simple, time is saved, and the high-precision linear sliding rail 1835 can ensure the processing precision of the eccentricities.

The adjusting step further includes an automatic alignment step, in which the rotating center 181 slides along the linear slide rail 1835 through the linear slider 1832, and the linear slide rail 1835 automatically adjusts and aligns.

The processing steps are as follows: and processing the clamped workpiece.

The method is convenient for processing the crankshaft 10 applied to the industrial robot reducer, can be expanded into parts which have high requirements on processing precision and different eccentric shaft sections 104, the crankshaft processing device 100 is used for processing the crankshaft 10 to be processed, has high precision, is suitable for processing the crankshafts 10 with different eccentric distances in a large batch, can greatly reduce tool cost and workload of tip replacement, and has strong practicability, wide application range and wide application prospect.

It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The crankshaft machining device is characterized by comprising a crankshaft eccentric shaft sleeve assembly (12) and an adjustable eccentric center assembly (18), wherein the crankshaft eccentric shaft sleeve assembly (12) comprises an eccentric shaft sleeve (121) and a spline collet chuck (125), and the spline collet chuck (125) is embedded in the eccentric shaft sleeve (121) and is provided with a spline hole fixed with a crankshaft (10) to be machined;

the adjustable eccentric center assembly (18) comprises a rotating center (181) and a linear sliding rail assembly (183), wherein the rotating center (181) is arranged on the linear sliding rail assembly (183) in a sliding mode and comprises a center matched with a crankshaft (10) to be machined;

the eccentric shaft sleeve (121) is provided with a conical eccentric hole (122), and the peripheral wall of the eccentric hole (122) is provided with at least one key slot (123) along the axial direction;

the outer peripheral wall of the spline collet chuck (125) is of a conical structure matched with the eccentric hole (122), the outer peripheral wall of the spline collet chuck (125) is provided with a positioning key (126) matched with the key groove (123), and the spline hole of the spline collet chuck (125) is of a conical structure.

2. The crankshaft machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that a distance is provided between the axis of the eccentric hole (122) and the axis of the outer wall of the eccentric bushing (121), the distance being the same as the eccentric distance of the crankshaft (10) to be machined.

3. A crankshaft machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of keyways (123) is two and at phase angles of 0 ° and 180 °, respectively, the positioning key (126) being able to cooperate with the keyways (123) at different phase angles, respectively.

4. A crankshaft machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spline collet (125) is circumferentially provided with a self-locking structure comprising a first groove (127) and a second groove (128) axially open and both communicating with the splined bore, the spline collet (125) comprising opposite major and minor ends, the first groove (127) extending towards the major end and the second groove (128) extending towards the minor end.

5. The crankshaft machining arrangement of claim 1, wherein the adjustable eccentric center assembly (18) further comprises a land assembly (186) and a base assembly (189);

the linear slide rail assembly (183) is connected with the base assembly (189), and the base assembly (189) is sleeved with the bearing retainer assembly (186).

6. The crankshaft machining device according to claim 5, wherein the linear slide assembly (183) comprises a linear slider (1832), a linear slide (1835) and a rotating base (1837), the rotating base (1837) is fixedly connected to the base assembly (189), the linear slide (1835) is disposed on a side of the rotating base (1837) away from the base assembly (189), and the linear slider (1832) is slidably disposed on the linear slide (1835).

7. A crankshaft machining device according to claim 6, characterized in that the linear slide (1832) is provided with a first connection portion and the base of the rotating center (181) is provided with a second connection portion, the first connection portion being in threaded connection with the second connection portion.

8. The crankshaft machining device according to claim 6, wherein the linear sliding block (1832) is provided with a sliding rail groove, the linear sliding rail (1835) is provided with a sliding guide surface matched with the sliding rail groove, the sliding guide surface is matched with the sliding rail groove, a sliding cavity (1836) is formed between the sliding guide surface and the sliding rail groove, a ball retainer is arranged in the sliding cavity (1836), and the ball retainer is provided with balls (1838).

9. The crankshaft machining arrangement of any of claims 5-8, wherein the bearing retainer assembly (186) comprises a first retainer (1861), a first bearing (1862), a second bearing (1863), and a third bearing (1864);

the base body assembly (189) comprises a Morse base (1893) and a Morse taper shank (1896), the Morse base (1893) is sleeved on the Morse taper shank (1896) and forms a cavity, and the third bearing (1864), the second bearing (1863), the first bearing (1862) and the first check ring (1861) are sequentially arranged in the cavity.

10. A crankshaft machining device according to claim 9, characterized in that the first bearing (1862) and the third bearing (1864) are both deep groove ball bearings and the second bearing (1863) is a thrust ball bearing.

11. The crankshaft machining arrangement according to claim 6, wherein the live center (181) comprises a spindle (1812), a morse base (1813) and a bearing assembly (1814);

the morse base (1813) includes a fixed end and a mating end, the fixed end is fixedly connected with the linear slide block (1832), the mandrel (1812) is disposed at the mating end and forms a mating cavity, the bearing assembly (1814) includes a second retainer ring (1815), a fourth bearing (1816), a fifth bearing (1817) and a sixth bearing (1818);

the sixth bearing (1818), the fifth bearing (1817), the fourth bearing (1816) and the second retainer ring (1815) are sequentially arranged in the matching cavity.

12. The crankshaft machining arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the fourth bearing (1816) and the sixth bearing (1818) are both deep groove ball bearings and the fifth bearing (1817) is a thrust ball bearing.

13. A crankshaft machining method for machining a crankshaft (10) having a splined shaft section (102) and a bearing mounting section, comprising the steps of:

the preparation method comprises the following steps: clamping a crankshaft (10) to be processed on a machine tool chuck (201) through a crankshaft eccentric shaft sleeve assembly (12), enabling a spline shaft section (102) to be matched with a spline collet chuck (125), and installing a Morse taper shank (1896) in an adjustable eccentric center assembly (18) in a taper hole of a lathe tailstock;

and (3) adjusting: moving the tailstock to be close to the crankshaft (10) to be machined, adjusting the linear slider (1832) and the rotating center (181), centering a mandrel (1812) of the rotating center (181) on a central hole of the crankshaft (10) to be machined, finely adjusting the lathe tailstock, and clamping a workpiece;

the automatic alignment step is that the rotating center (181) slides along a linear sliding rail (1835) through a linear slider (1832), and the linear sliding rail (1835) is automatically adjusted and aligned;

the processing steps are as follows: and processing the clamped workpiece.