CN109067244B - Offshore power supply system and power supply method - Google Patents
Offshore power supply system and power supply method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109067244B CN109067244B CN201810990320.4A CN201810990320A CN109067244B CN 109067244 B CN109067244 B CN 109067244B CN 201810990320 A CN201810990320 A CN 201810990320A CN 109067244 B CN109067244 B CN 109067244B
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- offshore power
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
Abstract
The invention discloses an offshore power supply system, which comprises a buoy shell, a transmission part and a piezoelectric sheet, wherein the transmission part is arranged on the buoy shell; the transmission part comprises a central shaft, a transmission shaft, a sleeve and a universal rotary joint; the piezoelectric sheet comprises a piezoelectric transduction sheet and a conductive sheet; the float shell and the central shaft are connected through a spring and are fixed relatively, the tail end of the transmission shaft is inserted into the sleeve, so that the central deviation action of the central shaft is transferred to the piezoelectric plate, and when the float shell is inclined under the action of sea waves, the central shaft is inclined, positive pressure is applied to the piezoelectric plate through the restriction of the sleeve, and electric energy is generated. The invention also discloses a power supply method based on the offshore power supply system, and the output power is controlled by changing the quantity of the piezoelectric sheets and the mass of the central shaft. The invention converts wave energy into electric energy based on the piezoelectric effect, can float on the sea surface to work, does not need to be fixed on a base by an anchor or fixed on the shore, and has the advantages of low cost and stable output direct current voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of renewable energy technology and marine equipment, in particular to a piezoelectric floating type offshore power supply system and a power supply method.
Background
Today, the exploration of the sea by human beings is becoming wider and wider, and there are many hydrologic instruments, searchlight, GPS positioners, detecting instruments and the like on the sea surface, and a great part of these devices work by themselves after being placed. However, various instruments operating on the ocean often require recharging or battery replacement after the power source is exhausted, which can be cumbersome and even more costly than the instrument itself. The solar energy is used for continuous power supply, a solar energy collecting plate with a large area is needed, and the environment on the sea surface is harmful to the solar energy collecting plate, so that the direct power supply by using ocean energy sources becomes a better solution.
The wave energy is used as one of ocean energy sources, and has the characteristics of high energy density and no limitation of regions and time. As energy problems increase, wave energy power generation technology becomes increasingly important. Most of the existing offshore power generation modes adopt an electromagnetic induction principle to generate power, and the motor is required to be fixed on a base, or fixed on the shore or fixed by an anchor. The power supply system cannot move along with sea waves, so that the application field of the offshore power generation technology is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provide an offshore power supply system which can work on the sea surface and supply power for a low-power hydrological instrument with a power supply which is difficult to replace.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method based on the above power supply system, which has the advantages of low cost, extremely low requirement for operation, and stable output of dc voltage.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: an offshore power supply system comprises a buoy shell, a transmission part and a piezoelectric sheet;
the transmission part comprises a central shaft, a transmission shaft, a sleeve and a universal rotary joint, wherein the transmission shaft transmits motion energy to the piezoelectric sheet, the sleeve is fixed on the side wall of the buoy shell, and the transmission shaft is connected with the central shaft and the transmission shaft through the universal rotary joint;
the piezoelectric sheet comprises a piezoelectric transduction sheet and a conductive sheet, and is used for energy conversion, wherein the piezoelectric transduction sheet and the conductive sheet are positioned in the sleeve and led out by a wire to be connected with electric equipment;
the float shell is connected with the central shaft through a spring and is fixed relatively, and the tail end of the transmission shaft is inserted into the sleeve. Therefore, the center offset effect of the center shaft is transferred to the piezoelectric plate, and when the buoy shell is inclined under the action of ocean waves, the center shaft is inclined, and positive pressure is applied to the piezoelectric plate through the restriction of the sleeve, so that electric energy is generated.
Preferably, the float shell, the central shaft and the transmission shaft are made of PVC materials, and the universal rotary joint is made of stainless steel to prevent seawater corrosion.
Preferably, the piezoelectric sheet is adhered with buffer glue up and down to play a role in buffering the transmission shaft.
Furthermore, the conductive sheet is brass sheet to obtain optimal conductivity and reduce cost.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric transduction piece is a lead germanium titanate piezoelectric ceramic Piece (PZT) so as to obtain excellent piezoelectric and dielectric properties.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric transduction piece and the conductive piece are round, so that the production is facilitated.
Preferably, the sleeve is fixed on the float shell in a penetrating way so as to prevent loosening.
Preferably, the offshore power supply system further comprises a rectification voltage stabilizing circuit, the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a rectification bridge, a voltage dividing resistor, a voltage stabilizing tube and a buffer capacitor, the buffer capacitor is connected in parallel with the rectification bridge, the voltage stabilizing tube is connected in series with the voltage dividing resistor and then connected in parallel with the rectification bridge, external electric equipment is connected in parallel with the voltage stabilizing tube to be connected into the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit, the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit is used for stabilizing the alternating voltage to form direct-current voltage, the voltage stabilizing tube is used for stabilizing the voltage, the buffer capacitor is used for stabilizing the power, meanwhile, residual electric energy is stored in the buffer capacitor when the generated power is larger, and the buffer capacitor and the generator can jointly supply power when the power is insufficient.
Another object of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: an offshore power supply method is based on the offshore power supply system, and the output power is controlled by controlling the stacking quantity of piezoelectric sheets and the mass of a central shaft, wherein the output power is in direct proportion to the quantity of the piezoelectric sheets, and the larger the mass of the central shaft is, the larger the positive pressure on the piezoelectric sheets is, and the higher the converted electric energy is.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the float shell is inclined under the action of sea waves, the center of gravity of the central shaft is inclined, the float shell and the central shaft are connected through springs and are fixed relatively, the transmission shaft applies positive pressure to the piezoelectric sheet in the sleeve, and the piezoelectric sheet generates electric energy.
When the float shell is lifted or lowered under the action of sea waves, the springs connected with the central shaft are pressed or stretched to generate vibration, and the vertical vibration is transmitted to the tail end of the transmission shaft through the transmission shaft, particularly the universal joint on the transmission shaft, and is limited by the sleeve to be positive pressure applied on the piezoelectric sheet to generate electric energy.
Wherein, the mass of positive pressure and center pin satisfies:
m＝aM
wherein F is the force exerted on all piezoelectric patches; m is the mass of the central axis; a is a coefficient smaller than 1, m is the mass after equivalent calculation of the central axis mass; t is t 0 Is the action time and does not change with the change of m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention converts wave energy into electric energy based on the piezoelectric effect, can float on the sea surface to work, and does not need to be fixed on the shore by anchors or fixed on the foundation.
2. The invention has the characteristics of low cost, extremely low requirement on work and stable output of direct-current voltage, and can be applied to low-power generation on sea surface with disordered wave waveforms.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of an offshore power supply system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of an offshore power system in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a sleeve of an offshore power supply system according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an equivalent circuit of the piezoelectric ceramic of the present invention in a positive piezoelectric state.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the central shaft of the offshore power system with the spring according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-float shell, 2-central shaft, 3-transmission shaft, 4-universal rotary joint, 5-sleeve, 6-piezoelectric transduction piece, 7-conducting plate, 8-buffer glue, 9-rectifier bridge, 10-buffer capacitor, 11-voltage stabilizing tube, 12-voltage dividing resistor and 13-spring.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, examples provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-6, an offshore power supply system comprises a buoy shell 1, a central shaft 2, a transmission shaft 3, a universal rotary joint 4, a sleeve 5, a piezoelectric transduction piece 6, a conductive piece 7, buffer glue 8, a rectifier bridge 9, a buffer capacitor 10, a voltage stabilizing tube 11 and a voltage dividing resistor 12; the float shell and the central shaft are connected and relatively fixed through a spring 13, and the sleeve is fixedly penetrated on the float shell.
The embodiment comprises a layer of transmission part, in particular 8 universal rotary joints and 8 sections of transmission shafts, wherein one end of each of the 4 universal rotary joints is fixed on a central shaft, the other end of each of the 4 universal rotary joints is connected with one section of transmission shaft, the transmission shafts are connected with the transmission shafts through the rest universal rotary joints, and the tail ends of the transmission shafts are inserted into the sleeves; the multi-layer transmission part can be axially added along the central shaft according to different power generation requirements, and the transmission shaft and the universal rotary joint of each layer of transmission part can be added, and corresponding sleeves are arranged.
The piezoelectric transduction piece is a lead germanium titanate piezoelectric ceramic piece; based on comprehensive consideration of conductivity and cost, selecting brass sheets from the conductive sheets, and jointly forming piezoelectric sheets of a power supply system by the piezoelectric transduction sheets and the conductive sheets; in order to facilitate practical production, the piezoelectric transduction piece and the brass piece are round, are positioned in the sleeve and are led out from the rectifier bridge by leads. The buffer capacitor is connected with the rectifier bridge in parallel, the voltage stabilizing tube is connected with the voltage dividing resistor in series and then connected with the rectifier bridge in parallel to form a rectification voltage stabilizing circuit, and the parallel voltage stabilizing tube of the external electric equipment is connected with the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit.
The electric energy is integrated into unidirectional current through the rectifier bridge and then is transmitted to a circuit formed by connecting the buffer capacitor, the voltage stabilizing tube and the electric appliance in parallel.
The embodiment supplies power to the offshore electronic instrument with rated voltage of 5V and rated power of 20 mW.
4 piezoelectric sheets (four sleeves and 16 piezoelectric sheets in total) are stacked in each sleeve, the piezoelectric sheets are connected in parallel, and wires led out from the four sleeves are connected in series and connected to a rectifier bridge. The weight in the central shaft was adjusted to 4.8kg.
The principle of the piezoelectric effect is briefly described as follows:
the equivalent circuit of the piezoelectric ceramic in the piezoelectric state can be shown in fig. 5.
From the piezoelectric second class of equations:
T 1 ＝c E 11 S 1 -e 31 E 3
D 2 ＝e 31 S 1 +ε s 33 E 3
wherein: t represents the stress to which the piezoelectric ceramic is subjected, c represents the short-circuit elastic stiffness coefficient, S represents the strain, E represents the electric field strength, E represents the piezoelectric stress coefficient, and epsilon represents the strain coefficient of the piezoelectric transducer under the constant strain condition.
Let the displacement of the device be u, the output voltage and current be V and I, respectively, obtained by the above formula:
F＝Ku+aV
wherein: f represents the force acting on the piezoelectric ceramic, ku represents the spring force with an elastic coefficient K, aV represents the force of the voltage V control, a is a constant coefficient, and Ca is a parameter describing the capacitive size of the piezoelectric transducer.
We can know that: the force F acting on the piezo-ceramic can be decomposed into a spring force with a spring constant K and a voltage-controlled force aV. The work of the external force F is respectively converted into elastic potential energy, kinetic energy and mechanical loss energy of the system, and the other part of the work is converted into electric energy by piezoelectric ceramics, and the converted electric energy is divided into two parts of electric energy stored in Ca and electric energy output to Ra, wherein Ra represents the load size.
The power and voltage generated by a single piezoelectric plate during positive piezoelectric effect power generation are mainly determined by the stress of the piezoelectric plate, the shape of the piezoelectric plate and the piezoelectric frequency, the shape of the piezoelectric plate is uniform, the power generated by each piezoelectric plate under the conditions of common sea wave frequency and average positive pressure of 6N is 1.5mW, and the voltage generated by each time of pressure is 5-6V. The number of installed piezoelectric patches is controlled to be just capable of emitting an average power that exceeds 1.1 times the rated power of the electrical instrument.
In the embodiment, the rectifying voltage stabilizing tube adopts a 5V voltage stabilizing tube, and the buffer capacitor adopts a 4F super capacitor. The final output voltage is 5V, the maximum power output after the loss is subtracted is about 22mW, and the average power which exceeds the rated power of an electric instrument by 1.1 times can be just sent out, so that the power generation requirement is met.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An offshore power supply system, characterized by: comprises a float shell, a transmission part and a piezoelectric sheet; the transmission part comprises a central shaft, a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a sleeve and a universal rotary joint, wherein the sleeve is fixed on the side wall of the buoy shell, and one end of the first transmission shaft is connected with one end of the central shaft, and the other end of the first transmission shaft is connected with one end of the second transmission shaft through the universal rotary joint; the piezoelectric sheet comprises a piezoelectric transduction sheet and a conducting sheet, is positioned at the inner bottom of the sleeve and is led out by a wire, and is connected with electric equipment; the two ends of the central shaft are respectively connected with the two ends of the buoy shell through springs, and the other end of the second transmission shaft is inserted into the sleeve.
2. Offshore power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the float shell, the central shaft, the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft are all made of PVC materials, and the universal rotary joint is made of stainless steel.
3. Offshore power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and buffer glue is adhered on the upper and lower sides of the piezoelectric sheet.
4. An offshore power supply system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the conducting strip is brass.
5. An offshore power supply system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the piezoelectric transduction piece is a lead germanium titanate piezoelectric ceramic piece.
6. An offshore power supply system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the piezoelectric transduction piece and the conducting plate are all round.
7. Offshore power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sleeve is fixedly penetrated on the float shell.
8. Offshore power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the offshore power supply system further comprises a rectifying voltage stabilizing circuit, the rectifying voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a rectifying bridge, a voltage dividing resistor, a voltage stabilizing tube and a buffer capacitor, the buffer capacitor is connected with the rectifying bridge in parallel, the voltage stabilizing tube is connected with the rectifying bridge in parallel after being connected with the voltage dividing resistor in series, and external electric equipment is connected with the voltage stabilizing tube in parallel to be connected with the rectifying voltage stabilizing circuit.
9. An offshore power supply method is characterized in that: the power supply method is based on the offshore power supply system of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the output power is controlled by controlling the number of stacks of piezoelectric patches and the mass of the central axis.
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| CN201810990320.4A CN109067244B (en) | 2018-08-28 | 2018-08-28 | Offshore power supply system and power supply method |
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| CN201810990320.4A CN109067244B (en) | 2018-08-28 | 2018-08-28 | Offshore power supply system and power supply method |
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| CN109067244B true CN109067244B (en) | 2023-12-15 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111038649A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-21 | 邹小飞 | Self-flashing type marine warning equipment |
| CN112284355B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-07-26 | 北京致感致联科技有限公司 | Passive piezoelectric sensor and monitoring system |
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