CN109065899A - A kind of supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride of fuel battery negative pole oxygen reduction reaction and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride of fuel battery negative pole oxygen reduction reaction and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride of fuel battery negative pole oxygen reduction reaction.The step of method for preparing catalyst, which includes: (1), is added to cobalt source containing aniline, in the deionized water of pyrroles and triton x-100, stirs to get uniform mixed liquor；(2) ammonium persulfate aqueous solution (initiator) precooled at 3 DEG C is disposably added rapidly in step (1) resulting mixed liquor, then this mixed liquor is placed under low temperature at once and is polymerize, it is filtered, washed, dries after the completion of polymerization reaction, obtaining the intermediate product of black；(3) the black intermediate product that step (2) obtains is heat-treated under ammonia atmosphere in 600-800 DEG C, obtains a kind of supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride.Compared with prior art, the method for the present invention is easy to operate, at low cost, and oxygen reduction reaction activity is high, and stability is good, and anti methanol toxication ability is strong, can be used as the cathod catalyst in fuel cell.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical energy source technical fields, are related to a kind of cobalt nitride load of fuel battery negative pole oxygen reduction reaction
The preparation method of porous C catalyst.
Background technique
Fuel cell (Fuel cell) is a kind of green, efficient energy conversion apparatus, and not by thermodynamics Carnot law
It is limited, storage and convenient transportation, low noise, room temperature use, fuel carry the advantages that supply is convenient, without mechanical oscillation, make
It is with huge potential using value.(the Oxygen Reduction of oxygen reduction reaction corresponding to cathode in fuel cell
Reaction, ORR) reaction mechanism it is complex and reaction process is slow, therefore whole process needs efficient catalyst.Mesh
Preceding platinum based catalyst has shown excellent activity during catalytic oxidation-reduction reacts, but platinum belongs to precious metal element,
Higher operating costs constrains the potential application foreground of fuel cell.Therefore, cheap, efficient base metal is researched and developed
It is extremely important that oxygen reduction electro-catalyst substitutes platinum based catalyst.
Currently, transition metal supported electrocatalyst has a bright future comprising transition metal (such as Co, Ni, Fe)
The loaded catalysts such as oxide, nitride, carbide and sulfide.Recent study shows cobalt-based nitride in catalysis oxygen
Great potential is shown in terms of reduction reaction, is expected to substitution Pt base catalyst.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, provide a kind of easy to operate, at low cost, catalysis work
Property high, stability is good, anti methanol toxication ability the is strong supported porous carbon of cobalt nitride for fuel battery negative pole oxygen reduction reaction
Catalyst.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride of fuel battery negative pole oxygen reduction reaction, including it is following
Step:
(1) cobalt source is added to containing aniline, in the deionized water of pyrroles and triton x-100, is stirred to get uniform
Mixed liquor；
(2) ammonium persulfate aqueous solution of precooling is disposably added rapidly in step (1) resulting mixed liquor, then
This mixed liquor is placed under low temperature at once and is polymerize, is filtered, washed, dries after the completion of polymerization reaction, obtaining the intermediate product of black；
(3) the black intermediate product that step (2) obtains is heat-treated under reducing atmosphere, obtains cobalt nitride load
Porous C catalyst.
Preferably, in step (1), the molar ratio of aniline, pyrroles and triton x-100 dosage is 100:100:5-10.
Preferably, cobalt source described in step (1) is cobalt nitrate or cobalt chloride, the cobalt source, aniline and mole of pyrroles
Than for 1-3:4:4.
Preferably, the ammonium persulfate aqueous solution in step (2) is the initiator of polymerization reaction, concentration 0.05-0.075g/
ML, precooled temperature are 3~5 DEG C.
Preferably, the temperature of the low temperature polymerization reaction in step (2) is 3-5 DEG C, reaction time 24-72h.
Preferably, heat-treating atmosphere is ammonia, ventilation flow rate 30-60mL/min in step (3).
Preferably, the heat treatment in step (3) carries out in tube furnace, and heat treatment temperature is 600-800 DEG C, heating rate
For 3-5 DEG C/min, heat treatment time 2-3h.
The invention also discloses the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride is prepared by above-mentioned preparation method.
The invention also discloses the supported porous C catalyst of above-mentioned cobalt nitride answering in fuel battery cathod catalyst
With.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the characteristics that:
(1) the cobalt nitride amount easy to operate, at low cost, load for preparing the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride is controllable；
(2) catalytic activity of the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride prepared by is high, and stability is good, anti methanol toxication ability
By force.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph and transmission electricity for the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride that in the present invention prepared by embodiment 1
Mirror figure, wherein figure (A) is scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph, figure (B), (C), (D) are transmission electron microscope picture；
Fig. 2 is the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride that in the present invention prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3
XRD spectrum；
Fig. 3 is the N for the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride that in the present invention prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 4 and embodiment 52
Adsorption/desorption isotherms and corresponding pore size distribution curve, wherein figure (A) is N2Adsorption/desorption isotherms, figure (B) is opposite
The pore size distribution curve answered；
Fig. 4 is that the catalyst that in the present invention prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 4, embodiment 5 and embodiment 6 and commercialization Pt/C are urged
The electrocatalytic oxidation reducing property test result of agent；
Fig. 5 is the catalytic stability and methanol tolerance of the catalyst that in the present invention prepared by embodiment 1 and commercialization Pt/C catalyst
The performance test results, wherein figure (A) is catalytic stability as a result, figure (B) is methanol tolerance results of property.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with example and attached drawing, but embodiments of the present invention
It is without being limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
(1) 4.3mmol aniline, 4.3mmol pyrroles and 0.2mmol triton x-100 are dissolved in 60mL deionized water
Uniform mixed liquor is obtained, then the cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate of 2mmol is added after above-mentioned mixed liquor and stirs to get new mixed liquor；
(2) ammonium persulfate aqueous solution that the 20mL concentration precooled at 3 DEG C is 0.05g/mL step (1) is added to obtain
Mixed liquor in, then this mixed liquor is placed at 3 DEG C at once and is polymerize for 24 hours, is filtered, washed, dries after the completion of polymerization reaction, obtaining
To the intermediate product of black；
(3) black intermediate product obtained by step (2) is placed in tube furnace, then seals and ammonia is passed through with 50mL/min
Gas is warming up to 700 DEG C after 1 hour with 5 DEG C/min, continues to be cooled to room temperature after high-temperature process 3 hours at 700 DEG C, be nitrogenized
The supported porous C catalyst of cobalt, is named as Co2N-2-700@NC。
Embodiment 2
(1) 4.3mmol aniline, 4.3mmol pyrroles and 0.2mmol triton x-100 are dissolved in 60mL deionized water
Uniform mixed liquor is obtained, then the cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate of 1mmol is added after above-mentioned mixed liquor and stirs to get new mixed liquor；
(2) ammonium persulfate aqueous solution that the 20mL concentration precooled at 3 DEG C is 0.05g/mL step (1) is added to obtain
Mixed liquor in, then this mixed liquor is placed at 3 DEG C at once and is polymerize for 24 hours, is filtered, washed, dries after the completion of polymerization reaction, obtaining
To the intermediate product of black；
(3) black intermediate product obtained by step (2) is placed in tube furnace, then seals and ammonia is passed through with 50mL/min
Gas is warming up to 700 DEG C after 1 hour with 5 DEG C/min, continues to be cooled to room temperature after high-temperature process 3 hours at 700 DEG C, be nitrogenized
The supported porous C catalyst of cobalt, is named as Co2N-1-700@NC。
Embodiment 3
(1) 4.3mmol aniline, 4.3mmol pyrroles and 0.2mmol triton x-100 are dissolved in 60mL deionized water
Uniform mixed liquor is obtained, then the cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate of 3mmol is added after above-mentioned mixed liquor and stirs to get new mixed liquor；
(2) ammonium persulfate aqueous solution that the 20mL concentration precooled at 3 DEG C is 0.05g/mL step (1) is added to obtain
Mixed liquor in, then this mixed liquor is placed at 3 DEG C at once and is polymerize for 24 hours, is filtered, washed, dries after the completion of polymerization reaction, obtaining
To the intermediate product of black；
(3) black intermediate product obtained by step (2) is placed in tube furnace, then seals and ammonia is passed through with 50mL/min
Gas is warming up to 700 DEG C after 1 hour with 5 DEG C/min, continues to be cooled to room temperature after high-temperature process 3 hours at 700 DEG C, be nitrogenized
The supported porous C catalyst of cobalt, is named as Co2N-3-700@NC。
Embodiment 4
(1) 4.3mmol aniline, 4.3mmol pyrroles and 0.2mmol triton x-100 are dissolved in 60mL deionized water
Uniform mixed liquor is obtained, then the cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate of 2mmol is added after above-mentioned mixed liquor and stirs to get new mixed liquor；
(2) ammonium persulfate aqueous solution that the 20mL concentration precooled at 3 DEG C is 0.05g/mL step (1) is added to obtain
Mixed liquor in, then this mixed liquor is placed at 3 DEG C at once and is polymerize for 24 hours, is filtered, washed, dries after the completion of polymerization reaction, obtaining
To the intermediate product of black；
(3) black intermediate product obtained by step (2) is placed in tube furnace, then seals and ammonia is passed through with 50mL/min
Gas is warming up to 600 DEG C after 1 hour with 5 DEG C/min, continues to be cooled to room temperature after high-temperature process 3 hours at 600 DEG C, be nitrogenized
The supported porous C catalyst of cobalt, is named as Co2N-2-600@NC。
Embodiment 5
(1) 4.3mmol aniline, 4.3mmol pyrroles and 0.2mmol triton x-100 are dissolved in 60mL deionized water
Uniform mixed liquor is obtained, then the cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate of 2mmol is added after above-mentioned mixed liquor and stirs to get new mixed liquor；
(2) ammonium persulfate aqueous solution that the 20mL concentration precooled at 3 DEG C is 0.05g/mL step (1) is added to obtain
Mixed liquor in, then this mixed liquor is placed at 3 DEG C at once and is polymerize for 24 hours, is filtered, washed, dries after the completion of polymerization reaction, obtaining
To the intermediate product of black；
(3) black intermediate product obtained by step (2) is placed in tube furnace, then seals and ammonia is passed through with 50mL/min
Gas is warming up to 800 DEG C after 1 hour with 5 DEG C/min, continues to be cooled to room temperature after high-temperature process 3 hours at 800 DEG C, be nitrogenized
The supported porous C catalyst of cobalt, is named as Co2N-2-800@NC。
Embodiment 6
(1) 4.3mmol aniline, 4.3mmol pyrroles and 0.2mmol triton x-100 are dissolved in 60mL deionized water
Obtain uniform mixed liquor；
(2) ammonium persulfate aqueous solution that the 20mL concentration precooled at 3 DEG C is 0.05g/mL step (1) is added to obtain
Mixed liquor in, then this mixed liquor is placed at 3 DEG C at once and is polymerize for 24 hours, is filtered, washed, dries after the completion of polymerization reaction, obtaining
To the intermediate product of black；
(3) black intermediate product obtained by step (2) is placed in tube furnace, then seals and ammonia is passed through with 50mL/min
Gas is warming up to 700 DEG C after 1 hour with 5 DEG C/min, continues to be cooled to room temperature after high-temperature process 3 hours at 700 DEG C, obtain porous
C catalyst is named as PCN-700.
Interpretation of result is as follows:
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph and transmission electricity for the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride that in the present invention prepared by embodiment 1
Mirror figure.It can be seen from the figure that catalyst keeps spherical substantially, but also there is the destruction of part spherical structure；Co2N nano particle is embedding
In porous carbon, (002) interplanar distance is 0.220 nanometer.
Fig. 2 is the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride that in the present invention prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3
XRD spectrum.It can be seen from the figure that the catalyst of different cobalt sources amount all shows Co2The characteristic diffraction peak of N, and with cobalt
The increase of content, Co2The characteristic diffraction peak intensity of N also gradually increases.The increase of cobalt content so that cobalt nitride Co2N crystal with
And the activated centre Co-N can increase therewith, but the carbide etc. of cobalt simple substance and cobalt can be generated when cobalt content is excessively high, these
The generation of substance has inhibition to the formation with Co-N catalytic center.
The specific surface area and pore-size distribution of catalyst of the invention are using 3020 type nitrogen adsorption of Tristar II desorption point
Analyzer is tested.0.2 gram of catalyst powder is carefully charged into sample cell, 12 hours degassing process are carried out at 120 DEG C,
Nitrogen adsorption desorption test is carried out after the completion of degassing process.The specific surface area of catalyst uses BET (Brunauer-Emmett-
Teller) model is calculated, and the pore-size distribution of catalyst is calculated using BJH (Barrett-Joyner-Halenda) model
It arrives.Fig. 3 is the N for the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride that in the present invention prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 4 and embodiment 52Absorption
Desorption isotherm and corresponding pore size distribution curve.As can be seen that the N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms of three kinds of catalyst belong to
Typical IV type curve, shows with meso-hole structure.The specific surface area obtained from BET theoretical calculation is respectively Co2N-2-600@
NC:247m2g-1、Co2N-2-700@NC:362m2g-1、Co2N-2-800@NC:424m2g-1, all there is relatively large specific surface
Product, and the specific surface area of catalyst increases with the raising of heat treatment temperature.The pore size distribution curve of catalyst shows catalyst
Based on Dual-Aperture distribution with 3.8nm and 30nm, these pore structures abundant can form more Co-N active sites and accelerate entire
Chemical reaction, may advantageously facilitate the electro-catalysis ORR performance of catalyst.
The electrocatalytic oxidation reducing property of catalyst of the invention is tested using linear sweep voltammetry, test condition: scanning
Range is 0.05~1.2V (vs.RHE), and scanning speed 5mV.s-1, electrode revolving speed is 1600rpm, and solution is the KOH of 0.1M
Solution.Fig. 4 is the catalyst that in the present invention prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 4, embodiment 5 and embodiment 6 and commercialization Pt/C catalysis
The electrocatalytic oxidation reducing property test result of agent.It can be seen from the figure that Co2The take-off potential and half wave potential of N-2-700@NC
Calibration, the gap very little with commercial Pt/C catalyst, wherein half wave potential is even better than Pt/C catalyst, and without cobalt nitride
Catalyst PCM-700 then shows poor hydrogen reduction performance.
The electrochemical stability of catalyst of the invention measures current decay curve, testing time using chronoamperometry
It is 20000 seconds.The anti methanol toxication performance of catalyst of the invention is measured using chronoamperometry, in a timing node (300
Second) electrolyte into test process is added in a certain amount of methanol (concentration 3M), with the transient change of electric current and final
Electric current retention assesses the anti-toxicity energy of sample.Fig. 5 is that the catalyst that in the present invention prepared by embodiment 1 and commercialization Pt/C are urged
The catalytic stability and anti methanol toxication performance of agent (40% platinum carbon catalyst of Shanghai format new energy technology Co., Ltd)
Test result.It can be seen from the figure that Co2N-2-700@NC catalyst is still remain 95.9% work after 5.5h reacts
Property, much higher than the 83.1% of commercial Pt/C catalyst.Methanol tolerance results of property is shown, after methanol is added, the hydrogen reduction of Pt/C
Apparent decaying occurs for electric current, and last electric current retention is only 75.4%；And Co2Methanol is being added in N-2-700@NC catalyst
When electric current have some small variations, but still 95.2% is maintained, to show Co2N-2-700@NC catalyst resists
Methanol poisoning performance is better than Pt/C, has potential application as fuel battery cathod catalyst.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, cannot limit the right model of the present invention with this certainly
It encloses, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, may be used also
To make several improvement and variation, these, which improve and change, is also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride of fuel battery negative pole oxygen reduction reaction, feature exist
In, comprising the following steps:
(1) cobalt source is added to containing aniline, in the deionized water of pyrroles and triton x-100, stirs to get uniform mixing
Liquid；
(2) ammonium persulfate aqueous solution of precooling is added in step (1) resulting mixed liquor, is placed under low temperature and polymerize, gathered
Conjunction is filtered, washed after the reaction was completed, dries, and obtains the intermediate product of black；
(3) the black intermediate product that step (2) obtains is heat-treated under reducing atmosphere, it is supported porous obtains cobalt nitride
C catalyst.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), aniline, pyrroles and triton x-100
The molar ratio of dosage is 100:100:5-10.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that cobalt source described in step (1) is cobalt nitrate or chlorine
Change cobalt, the cobalt source, aniline and the molar ratio of pyrroles are 1-3:4:4.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ammonium persulfate aqueous solution concentration in step (2) is
0.05-0.075g/mL, precooled temperature are 3~5 DEG C.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature of low temperature polymerization in step (2) reaction is
3-5 DEG C, reaction time 24-72h.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that heat-treating atmosphere is ammonia, vent flow in step (3)
Amount is 30-60mL/min.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat treatment in step (3) carries out in tube furnace,
Heat treatment temperature is 600-800 DEG C, and heating rate is 3-5 DEG C/min, heat treatment time 2-3h.
8. the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride is prepared by the described in any item preparation methods of claim 1-7.
9. application of the supported porous C catalyst of cobalt nitride according to any one of claims 8 in fuel battery cathod catalyst.
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| CN110492112A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-22 | 江苏师范大学 | A kind of hydrogen reduction composite catalyst and preparation method thereof |
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