CN109065442A - A method of it is injected using fluorine ion and realizes induced synthesis 2DHG in gallium nitride - Google Patents

A method of it is injected using fluorine ion and realizes induced synthesis 2DHG in gallium nitride Download PDF

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CN109065442A
CN109065442A CN201810833801.4A CN201810833801A CN109065442A CN 109065442 A CN109065442 A CN 109065442A CN 201810833801 A CN201810833801 A CN 201810833801A CN 109065442 A CN109065442 A CN 109065442A
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2dhg
gallium nitride
fluorine ion
semiconductor layer
substrate
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闫大为
羊群思
赵琳娜
陈雷雷
顾晓峰
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Jiangnan University
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Jiangnan University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/26Bombardment with radiation
    • H01L21/263Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
    • H01L21/265Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
    • H01L21/2654Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in AIIIBV compounds
    • H01L21/26546Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in AIIIBV compounds of electrically active species
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/26Bombardment with radiation
    • H01L21/263Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
    • H01L21/265Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
    • H01L21/26586Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation characterised by the angle between the ion beam and the crystal planes or the main crystal surface

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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Abstract

Fluorine ion (F is utilized the invention discloses a kind of+) injection method induce in GaN material high concentration removable hole method, form hole quantum well and two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG), realize the efficient p-type doping of GaN material, different from the principle that traditional p is adulterated, this method mainly utilizes F+Strong elecrtonegativity the relative position between valence band and fermi level is adjusted to realize, device architecture includes substrate, N-shaped gallium nitride semiconductor layers (being injected containing fluorine ion) on substrate, wherein, metal electrode is provided on N-shaped gallium nitride semiconductor layers, the present invention utilizes the extremely strong F of ion implanting electronegativity+The 2DHG of high concentration is induced in gallium nitride to provide removable hole, it is compatible with existing silicon technology, inject fluorine ion concentration and depth can accuracy controlling, preparation process is simple, and cost is relatively low.

Description

A method of it is injected using fluorine ion and realizes induced synthesis 2DHG in gallium nitride
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of semiconductors, and in particular to one kind is by ion implanting fluorine in semiconductor material with wide forbidden band The method of inductive formation two-dimensional hole gas in gallium nitride.
Background technique
P-type GaN and AlGaN epitaxial material with high conductivity is all very heavy for various electronics and opto-electronic device It wants, but since Mg impurity forms the activation efficiency that deep energy level greatly reduces impurity in GaN epitaxy material, in addition heavily doped The mobility in hole also substantially reduces under the conditions of miscellaneous, causes the conductivity of p-type GaN material that cannot effectively improve always, and In the higher AlGaN epitaxial material of forbidden bandwidth, the conductivity of p-type material is just lower.Despite the presence of above difficulty, p The GaN and AlGaN material of type still in photoelectric devices such as laser, solar blind ultraviolet detectors and contain the MOSFET of p-channel It is applied in power device.With being further increased to device performance requirements, for high conductivity p-type GaN and AlGaN Demand it is also more more and more urgent.Under this application background, p-type GaN/AlGaN Quantum Well is introduced into the doping for improving Mg Efficiency, and using the strong spontaneous polarization effect of GaN and AlGaN and piezoelectric polarization caused by Macrolattice mismatch exists between the two Two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) is formed at AlGaN/GaN, is greatly enhanced the hole concentration of the AlGaN on surface, is reduced Surface resistivity, to reduce device contacts resistance.
Selection region doping is very important for preparing high performance electronics, for example can be used to reduce Europe The contact resistance of nurse electrode and the distribution of optimised devices internal electric field etc..However, growth in situ doping techniques cannot achieve selection Property region doping.So in order to prepare high performance GaN base device, many researchers are desirable to the side using ion implanting Method realizes effective p-type doping of GaN material.But, with growth in situ doping problem encountered as, ion implanting Mg by Ionizing efficiency is still very low after master.2017, U.S. Department of Energy will realize the effective p-type of GaN material using ion implantation technique Doping and the preparation of high performance GaN base pn-junction are included in one of most important research topic.Based on ion implantation technique in GaN Induction generates the method for 2DHG compared with the existing method for generating 2DHG using hetero-junctions polarity effect, and preparation process is simple, And it can be extensive applied to devices, application prospects such as the GaN MOSFET for preparing p-channel with the later period.
Mainstream silicon technology is all made of ion implantation technique and realizes N-shaped and p-type material at present, has benefited from the following of ion implanting Advantage: 1. pure doping, ion implanting are to carry out in vacuum sealing cavity, while using high-resolution quality analysis Instrument, it is ensured that inject the uniformity of ion;2. doping concentration is not limited by equilirbium solid solubility, the methods of diffusion institute can achieve The doping concentration being unable to reach;3. the concentration and depth distribution controllable precise of ion implanting, the ion concentration of injection are decided by tire out The line of meter, depth distribution are then controlled by acceleration voltage;4. underlayer temperature when injecting ion can unrestricted choice;5. determining range It is inside uniformly injected into, the beam scanning device in ion implant systems can guarantee there is very high mix in selected areal extent Miscellaneous uniformity.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, realizing gallium nitride using fluorine ion injection the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of The method of induced synthesis two-dimensional electron gas (2DHG) in (gallium nitride, GaN).
The present invention provides a kind of methods injected using fluorine ion and realize induced synthesis 2DHG in GaN, including following step It is rapid:
S1: a substrate is provided;
S2: N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer is formed over the substrate;
S3: forming metal electrode on the N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer, and the metal electrode is Ni/Au two-layer electrode thickness For 300nm;
S4: ion source being injected into the selection region of the N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer, and the ion source of injection is F+, energy For 10keV, implantation dosage is 2 × 1013cm-2, implant angle is positive 7 °.
Further, the selection region of the ion implanting is circle.
Further, the contact surface of the metal electrode and N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer is round, and the face of the contact surface Product is less than the area of the selection region.
Further, the substrate includes the gallium nitride body substrate of silicon substrate, Sapphire Substrate or other unintentional doping.
Further, the N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer is using MOCVD epitaxy technology growth.
Further, it is formed before metal electrode on the N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer, further includes cleaning step, that is, use The surface of organic solution and acid-base solution cleaning N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer.
The invention proposes a kind of semiconductor devices that the above method is prepared.
Application of the semiconductor devices being prepared the invention proposes the above method in electronics and opto-electronic device.
According to the above aspect of the present invention, the present invention has at least the following advantages: the present invention is realized in GaN using fluorine ion injection and is induced 2DHG is formed, compatible with existing silicon technology, the concentration and depth distribution of the fluorine ion of injection can be with accuracy controllings, after injection The GaN semiconductor layer of fluorine ion has very high uniform doping, and preparation process is simple, and cost is relatively low.It is infused using fluorine ion Enter into GaN the method for induced synthesis 2DHG compared with the method for traditional p-type AlGaN/GaN hetero-junctions polarization 2DHG, avoids P-type doping, GaN material is high-impedance state after Hall effect test shows ion implanting, and two Ni/Au on the surface GaN are contacted Electrology characteristic between electrode is then Ohmic contact, this indicates that hole should be distributed in inside depletion width in limited width And concentration should be very high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the device architecture section view for realizing induced synthesis 2DHG in GaN in the embodiment of the present invention using fluorine ion injection Schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the energy band schematic diagram of fluorine ion injection front and back.
Fig. 3 compares F+Inject the 1/C to Ni/Au/n-GaN Schottky junction structure2The influence of-V characteristic.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Agents useful for same Or production firm person is not specified in instrument, being can be with conventional products that are commercially available.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of device architecture being injected induced synthesis 2DHG in the GaN realized using fluorine ion is provided first Substrate 11, substrate 11 can be silicon (silicon, Si) substrate, Sapphire Substrate or the gallium nitride of other unintentional doping (gallium nitride, GaN) body substrate uses gallium nitride body substrate in the present embodiment.It is MOCVD epitaxy on substrate 11 Ion source 14 is then directly injected into ion implantation technique described by the N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer 12 of technology growth at normal temperature In the selection region of N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer 12.Ion source is directly injected by GaN table using NV-GSD-HE model ion implantation apparatus Face, the ion source 14 of injection are F+, energy 10keV, implantation dosage is 2 × 1013cm-2, implant angle is positive 7 °.Ion source 14 Absorbing electronics after stop motion in N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer 12 becomes fluorine anion aggregation zone 15, and ambient absorption hole is formed 2DHG.Wherein, metal electrode 13 is provided on N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer 12, metal electrode 13 is golden (Ni/Au) two-layer electrode of nickel, With a thickness of 300nm.It is worth noting that device technology start before surface clean be entire technique important component, It in the adhesiveness of device surface deposit metal or medium and final device property for playing an important role.In spite of The clean-up performance that the surface GaN reaches atom level cannot be completely secured in the cleaning of machine solution (acetone ethanol etc.) and acid-base solution, but GaN surface oxide layer can be effectively removed and stained.
In the present embodiment, the cross section of N-shaped GaN semiconductor 12 is circle, and structure design is simple, is easy to implement.At it In his embodiment, the cross section of N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer 12 can be any shape.
The area of the area ratio metal electrode 13 of the selection region of N-shaped GaN semiconductor 12 as ion implanting is big, guarantees Each test point of half contact of gold can be effective when later period tests.In the present embodiment, region and the metal electricity of ion implanting are selected The cross section of pole 13 is concentric circles, and the radius of 13 circular area of metal electrode is less than the circular area in the region of selection ion implanting Radius.Half contact structures of gold which obtains have excellent performance, are reasonable in design, convenient for preparation.In other embodiments, it selects The region for selecting ion implanting can be any shape.
The energy size of ion implanting and injection depth have relationship, determine position of the 2DHG in GaN, implantation dosage with The concentration of the 2DHG of formation is related.It can be required to do suitable parameter configuration according to practical devices, to reach the required position 2DHG With concentration.
Metal electrode 13 refers to the electrode formed by two kinds of metal materials, and the nickel golden (Ni/Au) that the present embodiment uses is double-deck Electrode is the electrode formed by Ni metal and Au metal.It illustrates, what half contact of gold here was formed is Schottky contacts, So the material selection of metal electrode can be selected from the metals such as Ni, Pt, Au, Pd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ag, Al, W or its alloy.It can It is formed using electron beam evaporation method or magnetron sputtering method, prepares material, preparation method and thickness etc. in schottky metal layer Parameter is this field routine operation, is not being repeated here.
Fig. 2 is the energy band schematic diagram of fluorine ion injection front and back.Since the surface GaN is there are highdensity donor state before injection, The fermi level of metal is pinned at conduction band or less 1.48eV, F after injection+After into semiconductor will quickly inside the GaN and The donor state on surface obtains electronics, causes depletion layer to broaden and moves back pinning (depinning) with fermi level, while ion implanted region It will be raised upwards due to obtaining electron energy band, and semiconductor surface and differential gap will be to declines, finally due to losing electron energy band The 2DHG of high concentration will be generated when valence band is close to fermi level, system reaches equilibrium state again.
Fig. 3 compares F+Inject the 1/C to Ni/Au/n-GaN Schottky junction structure2The influence of-V characteristic, it is seen that ion implanting It is 3.43V that the Built-in potential of device is increased by 1.32V afterwards, and the valence band extreme higher position of GaN has surpassed when further demonstrating that equilibrium state Fermi level is crossed, hole quantum well structure is formd.
The present invention realizes induced synthesis 2DHG in GaN using fluorine ion injection, and existing Si process compatible, inject fluorine from Son concentration and depth distribution can accuracy controlling, preparation process is simple, and cost is relatively low.
The present invention has direct relation for high density donor state existing for the formation of 2DHG and GaN material surface and inside Feature proposes a possible hole Forming Mechanism: 1. before ion implanting, since there are highdensity donor state, gold on the surface GaN The fermi level of category is pinned at conduction band or less 1.48eV;2. due to extremely strong elecrtonegativity, F+It will be quick after into semiconductor Inside from GaN and the donor state on surface obtains electronics, causes depletion layer to broaden and moves back pinning (depinning) with fermi level;Together When, ion implanted region will be raised upwards due to obtaining electron energy band, and semiconductor surface and differential gap are due to losing electron energy band It will be to decline.Finally, the 2DHG of high concentration will be generated when valence band is close to fermi level, system reaches equilibrium state again.This The formation for locating 2DHG should be F+Electric charge transfer causes semiconductor that transoid occurs and generates after injection.Since biggish forbidden band is wide Degree, the rate of heat generation of GaN carrier is extremely slow, so hole can not be from the intrinsic thermal excitation process of semiconductor.According to reality The hole for testing results presumption 2DHG may be to be passed through provided by tunnelling form as metal.
Although the present invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, any to be familiar with this skill The people of art can do various change and modification, therefore protection model of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention Enclosing subject to the definition of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of inject the method for realizing induced synthesis 2DHG in gallium nitride using fluorine ion, it is characterised in that: including following step It is rapid:
S1: a substrate is provided;
S2: N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer is formed over the substrate;
S3: forming metal electrode on the N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer, and the metal electrode is Ni/Au two-layer electrode, with a thickness of 300nm;
S4: ion source being injected into the selection region of the N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer, and the ion source of injection is F+, energy is 10keV, implantation dosage are 2 × 1013cm-2, implant angle is positive 7 °.
2. according to claim 1 inject the method for realizing induced synthesis 2DHG in gallium nitride, feature using fluorine ion Be: the selection region of the N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer is circle.
3. according to claim 2 inject the method for realizing induced synthesis 2DHG in gallium nitride, feature using fluorine ion Be: the contact surface of the metal electrode and N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer is circle, and the area of the contact surface is less than the choosing Select the area in region.
4. according to claim 1 inject the method for realizing induced synthesis 2DHG in gallium nitride, feature using fluorine ion Be: the substrate includes the gallium nitride body substrate of silicon substrate, Sapphire Substrate or other unintentional doping.
5. according to claim 1 inject the method for realizing induced synthesis 2DHG in gallium nitride, feature using fluorine ion Be: the N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer is using MOCVD epitaxy technology growth.
6. according to claim 1 inject the method for realizing induced synthesis 2DHG in gallium nitride, feature using fluorine ion It is: is formed before metal electrode on the N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer, further include cleaning step, that is, uses organic solution and acid The surface of aqueous slkali cleaning N-shaped GaN semiconductor layer.
7. the semiconductor devices that any one of claim 1-6 the method is prepared.
8. application of the semiconductor devices as claimed in claim 7 in electronics and opto-electronic device.
CN201810833801.4A 2018-04-17 2018-07-26 A method of it is injected using fluorine ion and realizes induced synthesis 2DHG in gallium nitride Pending CN109065442A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111599865A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-08-28 江南大学 GaN-based P-channel MOSFET and preparation method thereof
CN113437021A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-09-24 广东省科学院半导体研究所 Preparation method of novel heterojunction of thin film material and thin film prepared by preparation method

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103579330A (en) * 2012-07-23 2014-02-12 三星电子株式会社 Nitride-based semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof
US9431527B1 (en) * 2015-07-29 2016-08-30 University Of Electronic Science And Technology Of China Enhancement mode high electron mobility transistor
CN106847934A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-13 江南大学 The gallium nitride PN junction and its manufacture method realized using fluorine ion injection
CN107221565A (en) * 2017-05-23 2017-09-29 江南大学 The preparation method of high-gain gallium nitride Schottky diode is realized based on ion implanting fluorine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103579330A (en) * 2012-07-23 2014-02-12 三星电子株式会社 Nitride-based semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof
US9431527B1 (en) * 2015-07-29 2016-08-30 University Of Electronic Science And Technology Of China Enhancement mode high electron mobility transistor
CN106847934A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-13 江南大学 The gallium nitride PN junction and its manufacture method realized using fluorine ion injection
CN107221565A (en) * 2017-05-23 2017-09-29 江南大学 The preparation method of high-gain gallium nitride Schottky diode is realized based on ion implanting fluorine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111599865A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-08-28 江南大学 GaN-based P-channel MOSFET and preparation method thereof
CN111599865B (en) * 2020-05-29 2021-08-24 江南大学 GaN-based P-channel MOSFET and preparation method thereof
CN113437021A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-09-24 广东省科学院半导体研究所 Preparation method of novel heterojunction of thin film material and thin film prepared by preparation method

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