CN109065189A

CN109065189A - A kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction

Info

Publication number: CN109065189A
Application number: CN201810898392.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王喆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-08-08
Filing date: 2018-08-08
Publication date: 2018-12-21

Abstract

The present invention relates to field of new energy technologies, are a kind of heat resource equipments based on low energy nuclear reaction.Its main feature is that only consume a small amount of external electric energy makes it release huge thermal energy and luminous energy with the nanometer fuel inside activating reaction device.The present invention is mainly by exoelectrical reaction container, nanometer fuel assembly, pressure vessel, control system, excitation system, air supply system, voltage-stablizer, heat exchanger, coolant pump, lagging casing composition.This equipment commences work without delay in starting excitation system post-reactor, and reactor mainly gives off energy in the form of heat, and the energy exported is much larger than the energy of input.Excessive ionising radiation is not generated under the premise of Safety output industrial heat energy.The extra thermal energy that heat resource equipment of the invention generates exports hot water or high-temperature high-pressure steam outward after over-heat-exchanger, can be directly used for the industry that industrial heat resources are needed for warm power generation etc..

Description

A kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction

Technical field

The present invention relates to field of new energy technologies more particularly to a kind of heat resource equipments based on low energy nuclear reaction.

Background technique

New energy in the world mainly has nuclear reactor, solar power generation, wind-power electricity generation and hydroelectric generation etc. at present.Wherein Fission-type reactor is using uranium 235 or plutonium 239 as fuel, but uranium 235 atom only accounts for natural uranium content in nature 0.711%, it is extremely difficult to refine uranium 235 from natural uranium, needs ten hundreds of gaseous diffusion plant or centrifuge, and plutonium It is then artificial element, both raw materials reserves in nature and abundance are seldom, and isotopic separation needs to expend huge energy Source, in addition radioactive element itself has high toxicity, and the nuke rubbish radioactivity generated after fission reaction becomes stronger. Fission reactor has very big threat, the accident of Fukushima nuclear power station and Chernobyl Plant to natural environment and human lives People are made to talk core discoloration already.

Solar power generation has good prospect, solar panel and wind-force although wind-power electricity generation is very environmentally friendly Generator is limited by natural conditions factor, and solar panel night that can only generate electricity daytime can not then work, and also restricted It is influenced rainy days and solar elevation, the time of power generation is actually used under fair weather daily less than 8 hours, and solar energy The photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar panel is very low generally within 18%, and wind-driven generator can not also generate electricity under calm weather, both Generating equipment is still another shortcoming is that land occupation area is very big.Water generating is subject to natural conditions factor, is suitble to build The place in vertical power station is fewer and fewer.

Nuclear fusion is a kind of new energy of clean and effective, has there is some tokamak devices in the world at present, imitates star Device, or even there are also the ITER built.It is occurred under magnetic confinement or inertial confinement using the isotope deuterium and tritium of hydrogen Collision makes fusion of hydrogen discharge big energy at helium, but this high-temperature plasma for generating nuclear fusion is difficult to very much fetter and control System, long time continuous working can not still be accomplished so far by investing the device that tens billion of members are established, and always output energy is less than input Energy is all that experimental provision does not have commercial value at present.

Appear in the news briefing of in March, 1989 Univ Utah USA earliest about the research of low energy nuclear reaction in the world Meeting.It is anti-that British royal electrochemistry professor Martin Fleishman and Pang Si have held the cold fusion of COLD FUSION famous in the world The news briefing answered has the countries in the world scientist including Chinese Scientists to carry out very more experiments later, on The nineties in century some scientists such as Italy Piantelli ni-mh nuclear reaction experiment in specifically be found that produce it is extra Heat.But since technology at that time is immature, experimental result is not protruded.There are many researchers according to Piantelli later Ni-mh nuclear reaction continue research have made great progress.

In the world under effort research of many researchers over 30 years, in the experiment for much generating waste heat, research Personnel use gamma-ray spectrometer and neutron detector, and spy should be released in traditional core reaction theory by not detecting The surely gamma ray and neutron of magnitude, then this is referred to as the cold fusion reaction of COLD FUSION due to according to biography earliest System nuclear reaction theory cannot explain this unknown nuclear reaction phenomenon by marginalisation, be currently used for describing this unknown core anti- Low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) should be referred to as.Low energy nuclear reaction is mainly characterized by before not generating or generating ionising radiation on a small quantity The a large amount of thermal energy of output are put, and energy density is much larger than coal, petroleum, the chemical energy sources such as natural gas.

After 2011, occurs the news of some ni-mh low energy nuclear reaction Success in Experiment about researcher in the world Report, these are all based on the new energy device of ni-mh low energy nuclear reaction, later the research of west several universities and Nihon University The experiment of personnel clearly produces waste heat, and Russian scientist Parkhomov and the raw professor of center Jiang Song delivered production A wild loyal professor man of virtue and ability of the laboratory report of raw waste heat, the also water of Japan also publishes thesis to have obtained output greater than input energy 2 Experimental result again.

It makes a general survey of both at home and abroad about low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) Recent Research, this research is in budding state, mostly Number report is only experimental machine, and common feature is that the heat of release is seldom, and repetitive rate is poor, belongs to structure and simply tests dress It sets, temporarily there are no practical applications.

Summary of the invention

(1) technical problems to be solved

(1) existing low energy nuclear reaction (LNER) experimental provision generally has the common feature of non-exchange fuel.Due to not having Separation layer between fuel and inner wall generates superthermal rear temperature and reaches fusing point, and fuel powder and reactor metal inner wall, which are sintered, to exist Obstruction is generated together leads to not refuelling.

(2) for existing experimental provision generally to heat the means as activation low energy nuclear reaction, efficiency is extremely low, and rate of activation is slow Slowly, the time is up to even a couple of days a few hours.Thus lead to poor repeatability, many researchers can not repeat in oneself experiment in the past The superthermal phenomenon occurred.

(3) temperature of reactor container casing when no cooling system works of existing low energy nuclear reaction experimental provision is most Up to 1000 DEG C or more, due to there is no cooling and heat-exchange apparatus, stainless steel reactor to damage quickly because of high-temperature oxydation.

(4) reactor of existing experimental provision is not due to without the interface connected from each other for reactor, having Modular unit does not have scalability.And current international experimental facilities is all generally that small-sized single experimental provision does not have also There is large-scale powerful reactor.

The problem to be solved in the present invention is to solve existing low energy nuclear reaction device reaction device inner fuel not replacing, efficiency Extremely low, rate of activation is slow, poor repeatability, and reactor does not have cooling system to make shell by high-temperature oxydation damage and reactor The problem of scalability and enlargement.

(2) technical solution

To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of heat resource equipments based on low energy nuclear reaction, including reactor unit (99), total reactor (100), pressure vessel (101), control system (Fig. 1), excitation system (Fig. 1) (93), vacuum system supply Gas system, heat exchanger (104), coolant pump (105), pipeline (106,107,108,109), lagging casing.

Wherein, the shell of reactor unit (99) is to face the stainless steel making of hydrogen by the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of high temperature resistant, answers the device unit to be High-air-tightness container, inside, which has, accommodates nanometer fuel assembly (114) space, and with the gas circuit that is filled with Working medium gas and vacuumizes Pipeline (98) is connected.

Wherein, reactor unit (99) has modular characteristics, and function individually can be realized, can also react with identical Device unit is extended by special purpose interface, and numerous reactor unit combinations constitutes total reactor (100).

Wherein, the inner wall of reactor unit is equipped with refractory ceramics composite material protective layer (113) as nanometer fuel Separation layer between component and reactor (99) inner wall.

Wherein, the nanometer fuel assembly (114) in reactor unit (99) includes 3-tier architecture, internal layer nanometer fuel powder (117), middle layer foam nickel skeleton (116), outer layer nickel tube (117).

Wherein, reactor unit (99) is coaxial discharge structure of reactor, and center is equipped with for carrying out gas discharge Electrode (112), nanometer fuel assembly (114) are connected and are grounded with stainless steel reactor shell, and electrode (112) is by cable and swashs System (Fig. 1) (93) are encouraged to be connected.

Wherein, the outer wall of reactor unit (99), the inside of pressure vessel (101), the inside of heat exchanger (104) and institute There is the thermocouple being mounted on pipeline (106,107,108,109) for monitoring temperature.

Wherein, pressure transmitter and safety valve are installed on pressure vessel (101) and heat exchanger (104), such as (102).

Wherein, on the gas path pipe (98) being connected with total reactor (100) installation there are many for control vacuumize and The electrically operated valve of gas supply.And there is special purpose interface to be connected with vacuum system and air supply system on gas path pipe.

Wherein, the vacuum meter for measuring reactor (99) internal working medium air pressure is installed on gas path pipe (98).

Wherein, by upper computer software and PLC control system when equipment works, according to thermocouple, pressure transmitter and true The information of sky meter feedback manipulates vacuum system, air supply system according to the method for regulation respectively, and excitation system and cooling system come in fact The operation of existing whole equipment.

Wherein, whole equipment is made of two-stage cooling circuit, respectively the first circuit (Fig. 2) and second servo loop.First time Lu Zhongyong conduction oil uses water as coolant as coolant in second servo loop.

Wherein, the gap between reactor unit (99), pressure vessel (101), in voltage-stablizer (103) and the first circuit Thermally conductive oil coolant is full of in cooling pipe (106).Coolant pump (105) drives conduction oil to pass through heat exchanger (104) Transfer heat to the water coolant in second servo loop.

(3) beneficial effect

A kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction of the invention, advantage are as follows: reactor unit has very high air-tightness, The problem of preventing internal nanometer fuel powder to be easily oxidized failure, improves the stability of system.Inside there is ceramic composite Separation layer effective protection reactor metal inner wall, realizes the function of refuelling.Reactor unit is that modularization passes through mutually Scalability is realized in connection.Make nanometer fuel by momentary activation using special excitation system, accelerates rate of activation and raising Repeatability, increases the power of quantity of heat given up.Using PLC control system, reactor is remotely controlled by upper computer software Output power, and remotely monitoring reactor operation.The heat generated using safe and efficient two-stage loop heat transfer mode, reactor Amount pass sequentially through the first circuit of thermally conductive oil coolant after heat exchanger heat transfer to water coolant second servo loop, effective It avoids under the premise of damaging reactor because of high-temperature oxydation, safer efficient outside quantity of heat given up.

Detailed description of the invention

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows Examples and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention for meaning property, does not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is illustrated as the relationship in a kind of heat resource equipment whole system based on low energy nuclear reaction of the invention between all devices Figure；

Fig. 2 is illustrated as a kind of equipped body front view of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction of the invention；

The total reactor that Fig. 3 is illustrated as a kind of heat resource equipment embodiment based on low energy nuclear reaction of the invention is by multilayer circumference The sectional view of array reactor unit stacked arrangement；

Fig. 4 is illustrated as a kind of reactor unit structure chart of heat resource equipment embodiment based on low energy nuclear reaction of the invention；

Fig. 5 is illustrated as a kind of excitation system of heat resource equipment embodiment based on low energy nuclear reaction of the invention, and vacuum system supplies Relational graph between gas system and total reactor；

Fig. 6 is illustrated as a kind of nanometer fuel assembly structure figure of heat resource equipment embodiment based on low energy nuclear reaction of the invention；

Wherein, the above drawings include the following reference numerals: 93, excitation system；94, cable；95 and 96, air supply system (gas storage steel Bottle)；97, vacuum system (molecule pump assembly)；98, gas path pipe；99, reactor unit；100, total reactor；101, pressure is held Device；102, safety valve；103, voltage-stablizer；104, heat exchanger；105, coolant pump；106,107,108 ooling channel； 109, steam output pipe；110, reactor unit inner wall；111, expansion interface；112, central electrode；113, refractory ceramics Composite material protective layer；114, nanometer fuel assembly；115, nickel tube；116, foam nickel skeleton；117, nanometer fuel powder.

Specific embodiment

It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field The identical meanings of understanding.

It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.

It should be noted that the description and claims of this application and term " first " in above-mentioned attached drawing, " Two " etc. be to be used to distinguish similar objects.In addition, term " includes " and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that Cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, containing the process, method, system, product or equipment of a series of steps or units need not limit In step or unit those of is clearly listed, but may include be not clearly listed or for these process, methods, produce The other step or units of product or equipment inherently.

Shown in Figure 2, the present invention provides a kind of heat resource equipments based on low energy nuclear reaction, including reactor unit (99), total reactor (100), pressure vessel (101), safety valve (102), voltage-stablizer (103), heat exchanger (104), coolant Circulating pump (105), the first return (106), second servo loop pipeline (107,108) steam output pipe (109).When installation, Staff assembles above equipment of the invention according to the layout of Fig. 2, and pressure vessel is fixed in the slot of armored concrete, By the flange on pressure vessel (101) respectively with voltage-stablizer (103), heat exchanger (104) is docked, after docking and securely It is fixed on bracket.Two-stage coolant circuit pipeline and coolant pump (105) are docked again.All devices, which are connected and fixed, to be finished Afterwards, the leakproofness of container and flange connections is checked.

The first circuit in the present invention can use two kinds of cooling schemes, the first is to do coolant with high pressure water to constitute pressure The first circuit of water, pressure vessel (101) interior water temperature reach 300 degree or more due under the high pressure of more than ten megapascal without vapour Change.Second is to use conduction oil as coolant, and high operating temperature is obtained under low pressure since conduction oil has, and And medium can be run and carry out high-accuracy control, it is relatively low that there is second scheme the manufacture of pressure vessel (101) to require, thus Cost is lower, additionally, due to being environment under low pressure so highly-safe.Therefore it is recommended to use second scheme.

Staff is filled thermally conductive oil coolant into first time by the flange pipe at the top of pressure vessel (101) first Lu Zhong, oil level stop filling, and sealing flange after reaching operational height.Subsequent staff starts coolant pump, in room Whether the lower observation two-stage coolant circuit pipeline of temperature is working properly.Then staff is respectively in pressure vessel (101), voltage-stablizer (103), aerosil lagging casing is installed on heat exchanger (104) and all pipelines.

Referring to fig. 4 and Fig. 6, nanometer fuel assembly (114) are 3 layers of hollow coaxial tubular structure.Including nickel tube supporting layer (115), nickel foam casing play (116), Nano metal powder last layer (117).Wherein nano metal powder is adhered to by airless spraying On nickel foam casing play (116).Before equipment start-up operation, staff is needed to pacify nanometer fuel assembly of the invention It puts into each reactor unit (99) inside and is sealed after being filled with inert gas.The manufacture material of reactor unit (99) is resistance to height The resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of temperature faces hydrogen stainless steel.

Referring to Fig. 3, reactor unit (99) is sequentially inserted into the blind round hole of pressure vessel (101) outer wall, is installed All reactor units constitute a total reactor (100) afterwards.Staff will be in the gas path pipe (98) of total reactor Vacuum flange interface (97) docked with the dual stage turbo molecule pump assembly in vacuum system.Air inlet method in gas path pipe (98) Blue interface (95,96) is docked with the gas bomb in air supply system.Referring to Fig. 5, by the output cable of excitation system (Fig. 1) (93) (94) it is connect respectively with the electrode of each reactor unit (99) outside, the earthing of casing of pressure vessel (101).

It is shown in Figure 1, including PC control software system, PLC control system, vacuum system, air supply system, excitation System, cooling system, total reactor, temperature and pressure transmitter, recorder etc. are constituted.

Before equipment starting, staff starts preparation in PC control software interface first, and software passes through PLC Industrial automation control system opens vacuum valve, restarts dry pump and turbo-molecular pump assembly in vacuum system, to total After the vacuum degree that reaches capacity inside reactor (100) and reactor unit (99), vacuum valve is automatically closed, closes vacuum later System.It opens air supply system and needle-valve and is filled with Working medium gas such as hydrogen to total reactor (100) and reactor unit (99) are interior, when Needle-valve is closed after reaching rated pressure.Equipment completes preparation at this time.

Start excitation system in upper computer software, provides radiofrequency signal by the radio-frequency power supply in excitation system and pass through reaction Central electrode (112) in device unit (99) generates plasma in inside reactor, the high frequency machinery wave hair in excitation system Raw device makes the nanometer fuel (117) in reactor unit (99) generate resonance, then forms dust plasma.It is soft by adjusting Excitation density in part keeps reactor unit in optimal working condition.

All reactor units (99) commence work without delay after starting excitation system (93), what total reactor (100) generated A large amount of energy heats conduction oil, makes conduction oil be warming up to 340 degrees centigrades, coolant pump in the first loop (105) lower conduction oil is driven to transfer heat to the water coolant in second servo loop after over-heat-exchanger (104).Second servo loop In water be heated to boiling after generate high temperature and high pressure steam, output can outward from the pipeline (109) at the top of heat exchanger for steam For driving steam turbine to generate electricity.Alternatively, the water coolant in heat exchanger (104) is outside by pipeline (108) after being heated It exports hot water and is used for heating power heating.

Since reactor is sometimes for trouble hunting and refuelling is carried out, shutdown scheme is then devised.By upper Machine software closes excitation system, and the flow velocity for then increasing coolant pump is quickly cooled down reactor, later on vacuum system In dual stage turbo molecule pump assembly vacuumized to total reactor (100) and reactor unit (99), finally open inert gas Valve, which is filled with inert gas to total reactor (100), quenches low energy nuclear reaction.

It can be seen from the above description that the above embodiments of the present invention realized the following chievements: of the invention A kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction can be safe under the premise of not generating the harmful ionising radiation such as gamma ray Industrial heat energy is exported, and the energy exported is much larger than the energy of input.Fuel is a kind of receiving in interior multiple element including nickel Mixture of the rice flour end Jing Guo specially treated.This nanometer fuel has very big energy density, is far longer than including coal, stone Oil, the energy density of all chemical reactions including natural gas, and manufacturing cost is lower.The present invention uses the spy of efficient stable Excitation system activated nano fuel assembly processed, the drawbacks of overcoming in industry generally using Resistant heating as stimulation means.It adopts The stability and safety of system are improved with two-stage cooling circuit, and realize reaction unit enlargement.

Heat resource equipment of the invention has land occupation area few, without being bound by the sun, the shadow of the natural conditions factor such as wind It rings.Nanometer fuel assembly in reactor only needs to change primary fuel component, in whole year since energy density is very big every year Keep stable output power.Equipment of the invention can be used for the industry of the demands industrial heat resources such as heating, power generation, it is possible to reduce Using the fuel cost of traditional energy coal, natural gas, and carbon dioxide isothermal chamber gas is not generated, do not discharge a large amount of yet Coal ash waste residue, truly accomplishes zero-emission.

These are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, it is made it is any modification, Equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction characterized by comprising reactor unit (99), total reactor (100), the reactor unit is hollow coaxial configuration, is made of central electrode (112) and grounding shell, gas path pipe (98) It is connected with the total reactor (100), pressure vessel (101), control system (Fig. 1), excitation system (Fig. 1) (93), surely Depressor (103), heat exchanger (104), coolant pump (105), ooling channel, lagging casing.

2. a kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that reactor unit (99) central electrode and shell of tank constitutes coaxial type discharge reactor, is in series with very on the electrode stem of central electrode (112) It is chiefly used in improving the metal foil disk of discharge performance, reactor unit (99) is modular construction, and each reactor unit both can be only Vertical to realize its function, can also be connected by the interface (111) on reactor unit with similar reactor unit realization extension.

3. a kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the total reactor (100) further include: arrangement mode is such as shown in (Fig. 3), and reactor unit (99) is using the center of pressure vessel (101) as symmetry axis It is arranged in circumference array reactor, multilayer circumference array reactor constitutes total reactor, in total reactor, reactor unit Between have a fixed gap.

4. a kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction according to claim 3, which is characterized in that total reactor (100) further include: be interconnected, be finally connected to gas path pipe (98), gas path pipe between internal adjacent reactor unit (98) operation, each reactor can be vacuumized and supplied respectively etc. to all reactor units (99) equipped with control valve on Unit (99) is all containing the hydrogen of specified pressure, the Working medium gas such as deuterium.

5. a kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: reactor unit (99) the stainless steel inner wall (110) in be equipped with refractory ceramics composite material protective layer (113) as fuel assembly with react Separation layer between container inner wall.

6. a kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the high temperature resistant pottery Contain dismountable nanometer fuel assembly (114) in porcelain composite material protective layer (113), nanometer fuel assembly is 3-tier architecture, outside Layer is the nickel tube (115) of support construction, and middle layer is the foam nickel composite material (116) of attachment and fixed nanometer fuel, internal layer spray It applies nanometer fuel (117), wherein the nanometer fuel of internal layer is mixed by nano-nickel powder and catalyst.

7. a kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control system (Fig. 1) further include: upper computer software system and PLC controller, for realizing long-range on/off vacuum system and gas supply system System, on/off excitation system (Fig. 1) adjust the size of excitation energy, adjust the flow velocity of coolant pump (105).

8. a kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the excitation system (Fig. 1) further include: pass through special radio-frequency power supply and high frequency machinery wave producer, generate specific frequency frequency electromagnetic waves with Nanometer fuel assembly (114) of the high frequency machinery wave collective effect in reactor unit (99) simultaneously makes nano metal powder therein Resonance occurs and generates dust plasma.

9. a kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include: it is entire Equipment heat-exchange system is divided into two-stage circuit, the first circuit and second servo loop, and wherein total reactor (100) is mounted on pressure vessel (101) internal, in the first circuit, it is cold that the gap between reactor unit (99) in pressure vessel (101) is filled with conduction oil But agent equally can also be used water and liquid metal to make coolant, in second servo loop, the pipe of heat exchanger (104) and second servo loop Water coolant is filled in road, under coolant pump (105) driving, the high temperature heat conductive oil in the first circuit passes through heat exchange The water in second servo loop is transferred heat to after device (104), the pipeline (108) of second servo loop is defeated outward under water-circulating pump driving The top flange pipeline (109) of hot water out, heat exchanger (104) can export high-temperature high-pressure steam outward.

10. a kind of heat resource equipment based on low energy nuclear reaction according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the pressure is held Device (101), voltage-stablizer (103), heat exchanger (104) and all pipelines (106,107,108,109) further include: all devices Outer surface on be covered with the optimal aerosil thermal insulation material of heat-insulating property as lagging casing.