CN109061450B - Test circuit of mechanical switch for direct current circuit breaker - Google Patents
Test circuit of mechanical switch for direct current circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN109061450B CN109061450B CN201810630958.7A CN201810630958A CN109061450B CN 109061450 B CN109061450 B CN 109061450B CN 201810630958 A CN201810630958 A CN 201810630958A CN 109061450 B CN109061450 B CN 109061450B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
- G01R31/3272—Apparatus, systems or circuits therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a test circuit of a mechanical switch for a direct current circuit breaker, which comprises a positive connecting end and a negative connecting end for connecting a mechanical switch test product, and a direct current power supply module, an oscillating circuit and an impulse voltage generating circuit which are connected in parallel, wherein the two parallel ends of the direct current power supply module, the oscillating circuit and the impulse voltage generating circuit are correspondingly connected with the positive connecting end and the negative connecting end. The invention provides stable direct current for the mechanical switch, and provides rated current stress and port thermal stress before breaking for the mechanical switch; providing high-frequency current stress at the breaking moment for the mechanical switch to ensure that the current is automatically quenched when passing through zero in the breaking process of the mechanical switch; the transient impulse voltage meeting certain waveform parameters is generated, the transient voltage stress between fractures, which is endured by the mechanical switch in the breaking process, is equivalent, the dynamic insulation test of the mechanical switch under the rated operation condition is realized, the rated current stress before breaking, the high-frequency current stress during breaking and the transient voltage stress after breaking are equivalent between ports, the method is simple, and the stress equivalence is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test circuit of a mechanical switch for a direct current breaker, and belongs to the technical field of high-voltage direct current transmission.
Background
The hybrid direct current circuit breaker based on the mechanical switch and the power electronic switch as core components has the characteristics of high breaking speed, small running loss, flexible and reliable control and the like, and is a popular product for current industry research. However, the mechanical switch in the hybrid dc circuit breaker can bear transient voltage before the stroke is not in place during the short-circuit current or dc current breaking process. The detailed operation in the system is: under the normal operation condition, the mechanical switch conducts the rated direct current of the system, and the temperature of the switch contact is in a hot operation state; after the direct current circuit breaker receives a breaking instruction, the mechanical switch can bear certain current stress and transient voltage stress in the breaking process, and the stress in the breaking process is shown in fig. 1. The stress change in the breaking process is as follows:
0～t0: when the direct current breaker is in a normal operation state, the mechanical switch is closed, and direct current of a current system flows;
t0time: a system short circuit occurs;
t0～t2: monitoring the occurrence of system short-circuit current by a direct current breaker; at t1Starting the breaking command of the mechanical switch of the direct current breaker at the moment t2At that moment, the dc breaker current is reduced to zero;
t3time: the mechanical switch ends begin to withstand voltage stress;
t4time: the voltage starts to fall after rising to the peak value;
t5time: the voltage between the mechanical switch ends is reduced to the rated direct current voltage of the system and is stable.
In order to verify the reasonability and correctness of the design of the mechanical switch and accurately reflect the dynamic insulation performance of the mechanical switch in the breaking process of the direct-current circuit breaker in the thermal state, research work of an equivalent test technology of a mechanical switch dynamic insulation test for the direct-current circuit breaker is urgently needed to be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test circuit of a mechanical switch for a direct current breaker, which is used for solving the problem of testing the dynamic insulation characteristics of the mechanical switch of the direct current breaker in the breaking process under the conditions of thermal stress and current stress.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a test circuit of a mechanical switch for a direct current circuit breaker, which comprises a positive connecting end and a negative connecting end for connecting a mechanical switch test product, and a direct current power supply module, an oscillating circuit and an impulse voltage generating circuit which are connected in parallel, wherein two parallel ends of the direct current power supply module, the oscillating circuit and the impulse voltage generating circuit are correspondingly connected with the positive connecting end and the negative connecting end.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: a direct current power supply module is adopted to provide stable direct current for a mechanical switch of a test article, rated current stress before breaking is provided for the mechanical switch, and the normal operation working condition of the mechanical switch is equivalent; the high-frequency oscillating current is generated by adopting the oscillating circuit, the high-frequency current stress at the breaking moment is provided for the mechanical switch, the high-frequency oscillating current and the direct current flowing through the mechanical switch are reversely superposed to generate a zero crossing point, so that the current is automatically quenched at the zero crossing point in the breaking process of the mechanical switch, the transient state impact voltage meeting certain waveform parameters is generated by adopting the impact voltage generating circuit, the transient state voltage stress between fractures endured by the mechanical switch in the breaking process is equivalent, the dynamic insulation test of the mechanical switch is effectively realized, the test method is simple, and the stress equivalence is strong.
Further, in order to generate the transient surge voltage, the surge voltage generating circuit comprises a surge voltage generator body circuit.
Furthermore, in order to realize the adjustment of the waveform parameters of the transient voltage, the impulse voltage generator body circuit comprises a wave head resistor, a wave tail resistor, a body impulse capacitor and a three-gap ball, wherein two ends of the body impulse capacitor, which are connected with the three-gap ball in series, are connected with the wave tail resistor in parallel and then are connected with the wave head resistor in series.
Furthermore, in order to realize the isolation of the current path between the oscillation circuit, the direct-current power supply module and the impulse voltage generating circuit, the impulse voltage generating circuit further comprises an isolation spherical gap which is connected with the high-voltage output end of the impulse voltage generator body circuit in series.
Further, in order to generate a high-frequency oscillation current, the oscillation circuit string is provided with an oscillation capacitor and an oscillation inductor.
Further, in order to realize control of the superposition time of the high-frequency oscillation current to the mechanical switch, a thyristor valve is also connected in series in the oscillation circuit.
Further, in order to isolate the transient voltage between the terminals endured in the breaking process of the mechanical switch and protect the direct current power supply from the transient voltage impact of the mechanical switch, the direct current power supply module comprises a constant direct current power supply and a diode isolation valve which are connected in series.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a stress diagram of a mechanical switch breaking process;
FIG. 2 is a circuit topology diagram of a test circuit of a mechanical switch for a DC circuit breaker according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a logic control timing chart of a test circuit of the mechanical switch for the DC circuit breaker according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a test circuit of a mechanical switch for a direct current circuit breaker, which has a circuit topological structure schematic diagram shown in figure 2 and comprises a positive connecting end and a negative connecting end for connecting a mechanical switch test product, and a direct current power supply module 02, an oscillating circuit 03 and an impulse voltage generating circuit 04 which are connected in parallel, wherein the two parallel ends of the direct current power supply module, the oscillating circuit and the impulse voltage generating circuit are correspondingly connected with the positive connecting end and the negative connecting end.
The direct-current power supply module (constant direct-current power supply system) 02 comprises a constant direct-current power supply 14 and a diode isolation valve 05 which are connected in series, wherein the constant direct-current power supply 14 is used for applying constant direct current to a mechanical switch to enable the mechanical switch to be in a thermal running state, so that the temperature rise of a contact of the mechanical switch is stabilized to a set value, and the direct-current power supply module is equivalent to the direct-current working condition of a normal through-flow system of the mechanical switch in a direct-current power transmission system; the diode isolation valve 05 is used for isolating the transient voltage between the ends endured in the breaking process of the mechanical switch and protecting the constant direct current power supply 14 from the transient voltage impact of the mechanical switch.
The oscillating circuit 03 is an LC oscillating circuit and comprises an oscillating capacitor 09, an oscillating inductor 10 and a thyristor valve 06 which are connected in series, a test topological structure of an LC zero-state second-order oscillating circuit principle is utilized to generate high-frequency oscillating current, the oscillating current rises to a peak value from zero, and an under-damped discharge principle is adopted. The high-frequency oscillation current and the direct current flowing through the mechanical switch are reversely superposed to generate a zero crossing point, so that the current automatically extinguishes arc at the zero crossing in the breaking process of the mechanical switch. The oscillating capacitor 09 is charged with negative pressure, and the control of the superposition time of the high-frequency oscillating current to the mechanical switch is realized by controlling the trigger pulse of the thyristor valve 06.
The impulse voltage generating circuit (impulse generating circuit) 04 comprises an impulse voltage generator body circuit and an isolation ball gap 13 connected with the high-voltage output end of the impulse voltage generator body circuit in series, wherein the impulse voltage generator body circuit comprises a body impulse capacitor 08, a three-gap ball 07, a wave head resistor 11 and a wave tail resistor 12, the body impulse capacitor 08 and the three-gap ball 07 are connected in series, then connected with the wave tail resistor 12 in parallel, and then connected with the wave head resistor 11 in series. The three-gap ball is internally provided with a special device, when the voltage between the two gaps reaches a certain value and is smaller than the breakdown voltage, the breakdown of the two gaps can be controlled through the device, so that the moment of applying the impulse voltage is controlled, and the gap between the two gaps is adjustable; the gap of the isolation spherical gap 13 is not adjustable, and the isolation spherical gap is mainly broken down by high-voltage self-discharge to play a voltage isolation role.
The impulse voltage generating circuit is used for generating transient impulse voltage meeting certain waveform parameters after the mechanical switch is disconnected, and is equivalent to the transient voltage stress between fractures, which is endured by the mechanical switch in the disconnection process, namely the transient voltage stress endured by the mechanical switch in the fracture arc blowout process. Before transient voltage is applied, the body impact capacitor 08 is charged to a preset value, the control of applying transient voltage starting time to the mechanical switch is realized by controlling three-gap ball 07 pulse in the circuit, the adjustment of waveform parameters of the transient voltage can be realized by adjusting the resistance values of the wave head resistor 11 and the wave tail resistor 12, and the isolation ball gap 13 is used for isolating a current path between the LC oscillating circuit and the constant direct-current power supply and the impact voltage generating circuit.
When a mechanical switch of the direct current circuit breaker needs to be tested, the mechanical switch to be tested is connected to the positive and negative connecting ends of the test circuit of the mechanical switch for the direct current circuit breaker, an oscillation circuit thyristor valve and a separating brake mechanical switch are triggered through a certain logic control time sequence, an impulse voltage generating circuit three-gap ball is triggered, the mechanical switch dynamic insulation tolerance voltage and current stress and thermal stress equivalence are realized, and the test process is as follows:
the mechanical switch of the test article is switched on, the constant direct current power supply 14 applies constant direct current to the mechanical switch (test article) in a switch-on state through the diode isolating valve 05, and after the temperature rise of the contact of the mechanical switch reaches a set value and is stable, the capacitance of the oscillating circuit and the capacitance of the impulse voltage generating circuit are charged to a preset voltage value.
And triggering the thyristor valve of the oscillation circuit, starting the LC oscillation circuit 03, generating high-frequency oscillation current by the LC oscillation circuit, and reversely superposing the high-frequency oscillation current and the direct current of the mechanical switch to enable the current of the mechanical switch to oscillate to zero. The opening signal of the mechanical switch and the triggering time of the LC oscillating circuit thyristor valve are determined according to the opening time of the mechanical switch, and the diode isolation valve 05 is naturally turned off after the current of the mechanical switch crosses zero.
Triggering three gap balls of the impulse voltage generating circuit, generating transient voltage waveform with adjustable wave head and wave tail time by the impulse voltage generating circuit, applying the transient voltage waveform to two ends of the mechanical switch, charging the capacitor of the impulse voltage generating circuit to a preset voltage value before the mechanical switch is opened, and realizing the control of applying the transient voltage to the mechanical switch at the moment by controlling the three gap balls of the impulse voltage generating circuit to discharge pulse.
Fig. 3 shows a logic control sequence of the test circuit of the mechanical switch for the dc circuit breaker in the test process, which includes the following specific contents:
1) steady state operation phase
Closing mechanical switch 01 of tested article t0At the moment, the constant DC power supply 14 outputs a stable DC current, the diode isolation valve 05 is conducted in the forward direction, and the duration time deltat1And the temperature rise stability of the contact of the mechanical switch 01 is ensured.
2) Charging phase
t1At that time, the dc power supply modules meeting the requirements are used to charge the oscillating capacitor 09 of the LC oscillating circuit 03 with a negative polarity voltage to a predetermined value, and to charge the bulk surge capacitor 08 of the surge voltage generating circuit 04 with a positive polarity voltage to a predetermined value, Δ t2The oscillation capacitance 09 of the LC oscillation circuit and the bulk surge capacitance 08 of the surge voltage generation circuit 04 are charged for a predetermined value.
3) Dynamic insulation test phase
t2At the moment, a mechanical switch 01 breaking instruction is issued, and the time delay is delta t3(Δt3＝t3-t2) Then, the thyristor valve 06 of the LC oscillating circuit 03 is triggered to be switched on, the generated high-frequency oscillating current and the direct current of the mechanical switch are superposed and oscillated, the zero-crossing arc extinction breaking is generated, and the time delay delta t is generated4(Δt4＝t4-t3) Then, the three-gap ball 07 of the surge voltage generation circuit 04 is triggered to discharge, so that the transient voltage generated by the surge voltage generation circuit 04 breaks through the isolation ball gap 13 and is applied to the end of the mechanical switch 01, and the test is finished.
Wherein: Δ t3The time is determined by the opening time of the mechanical switch 01, and high-frequency oscillation current generated by the LC oscillation circuit is applied to the mechanical switch 01 before the contact of the mechanical switch 01 is separated; Δ t4The time is determined by the opening time of the mechanical switch 01, and the preset opening distance between the ports of the mechanical switch is ensured when transient voltage is applied to the two ends of the mechanical switch.
The test circuit of the mechanical switch for the direct current breaker provided by the invention utilizes a certain test method and control and protection logic, so that the direct current power supply module, the oscillating circuit and the impulse voltage generating circuit are mutually matched, and the dynamic insulation voltage, current and thermal stress endured in the breaking process of the mechanical switch are equivalent.
Claims (6)
1. A test circuit of a mechanical switch for a direct current circuit breaker is characterized by comprising a positive connecting end and a negative connecting end which are used for connecting a mechanical switch test sample, and a direct current power supply module, an oscillating circuit and an impulse voltage generating circuit which are connected in parallel, wherein the two parallel ends of the direct current power supply module, the oscillating circuit and the impulse voltage generating circuit are correspondingly connected with the positive connecting end and the negative connecting end;
the oscillation circuit string is provided with an oscillation capacitor and an oscillation inductor;
the oscillating circuit is used for generating high-frequency oscillating current, the high-frequency oscillating current and direct current flowing through the mechanical switch are reversely superposed to generate a zero crossing point, and the current zero crossing is automatically quenched in the breaking process of the mechanical switch.
2. The test circuit of a mechanical switch for a dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the surge voltage generating circuit comprises a surge voltage generator body circuit.
3. The testing circuit of the mechanical switch for the direct current breaker as claimed in claim 2, wherein the surge voltage generator body circuit comprises a wave head resistor, a wave tail resistor, a body surge capacitor and a three-gap ball, wherein the two ends of the body surge capacitor connected in series with the three-gap ball are connected in parallel with the wave tail resistor, and then connected in series with the wave head resistor.
4. The test circuit of the mechanical switch for the direct current circuit breaker according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the surge voltage generation circuit further comprises an isolation ball gap connected in series with the high voltage output terminal of the surge voltage generator body circuit.
5. The test circuit of a mechanical switch for a dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein a thyristor valve is further provided in series in the oscillation circuit.
6. The test circuit of a mechanical switch for a dc circuit breaker according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the dc power module comprises a constant dc power source and a diode isolation valve connected in series.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810630958.7A CN109061450B (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | Test circuit of mechanical switch for direct current circuit breaker |
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| CN201810630958.7A CN109061450B (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | Test circuit of mechanical switch for direct current circuit breaker |
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| CN109061450A CN109061450A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
| CN109061450B true CN109061450B (en) | 2021-02-09 |
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| CN109655744B (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2021-02-09 | 国家电网有限公司 | Direct current breaker test voltage generation circuit and generation method |
| CN109768528A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-17 | 浙江大学 | A kind of mechanical switch dc circuit breaker and its troubleshooting strategy based on series capacitor |
| CN109782150A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-21 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of thyristor electric heating experimental rig and its test method |
| CN109856519A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-07 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of direct current system cut-offs overvoltage experimental rig and its test method |
| CN112067986B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2023-03-28 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Device for checking high and low frequency oscillation interference resistance of direct current breaker |
| WO2022110963A1 (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-06-02 | 国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Rapid mechanical switch test system and method of high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker |
| CN113848474A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2021-12-28 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | State detection system and detection method of rapid mechanical switch |
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