CN109058377A - A kind of quasi- zero stiffness damper for bullet train floor - Google Patents

A kind of quasi- zero stiffness damper for bullet train floor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109058377A
CN109058377A CN201810844283.6A CN201810844283A CN109058377A CN 109058377 A CN109058377 A CN 109058377A CN 201810844283 A CN201810844283 A CN 201810844283A CN 109058377 A CN109058377 A CN 109058377A
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Prior art keywords
shock absorber
quasi
damper
spring
zero
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CN201810844283.6A
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CN109058377B (en
Inventor
周劲松
孙煜
宫岛
孙文静
夏张辉
陈江雪
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • F16F15/08—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal
    • F16F15/085—Use of both rubber and metal springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/10—Floors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of quasi- zero stiffness dampers for bullet train floor, including damper upper end support (1), damper lower end support (4), the disk spring (3) being arranged between damper upper end support (1) and damper lower end support (4), and the rubber spring (2) inside the disk spring is set, rubber spring (2) upper and lower ends abut damper upper end support (1) and damper lower end support (4) respectively.Compared with prior art, structure of the invention is compact, occupies little space, and anti-vibration performance is good, can be effectively isolated low-frequency vibration, improves bullet train riding comfort.

Description

A kind of quasi- zero stiffness damper for bullet train floor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dampers, more particularly, to a kind of quasi- zero stiffness damper for bullet train floor.
Background technique
With the raising of bullet train speed, body oscillating is increased, in order to further increase bullet train riding comfort, Need mounting dampers under floor.Bullet train floor generallys use rubber shock absorber at present, according to theory of vibration isolation, rubber damping Device support stiffness is lower, and vibration isolation initial frequency is lower, is more conducive to that low-frequency vibration is isolated.But if rubber shock absorber support is rigid Spend it is low, will lead to support natural bow it is excessive, it is excessive so as to cause floor deformation amount the problems such as.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide one kind to be used for bullet train The quasi- zero stiffness damper on floor.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of quasi- zero stiffness damper for bullet train floor, including the support of damper upper end, damper lower end branch Support is arranged in the disk spring between the support of damper upper end and the support of damper lower end, and is arranged in the disk spring Internal rubber spring, the rubber spring upper and lower ends abut the support of damper upper end and the support of damper lower end respectively.
Further, it is fixedly connected on the inside of the disk spring upper end with damper upper end supporting side walls outside, the dish It is fixedly connected on the outside of shape lower spring end with damper lower end supporting side walls inside.
Further, the rubber spring is cylindrical type or cuboid-type.
Further, there is gap between the side of the rubber spring and damper upper end supporting side walls inside.
Further, the rubber spring is compression-type rubber spring.
Further, the rubber spring is provided with one or more.
Further, the ratio of the free height of the disk spring and thickness is greater than
Further, the disk spring is provided with one or more.
Further, the quasi- zero stiffness damper for bullet train floor is installed on bullet train floor and vehicle Between body.
Further, the quasi- zero stiffness damper for bullet train floor is installed on high-speed train chair and ground Between plate.
It is in parallel with rubber spring using the negative stiffness characteristic of disk spring, it designs a kind of for bullet train floor Quasi- zero stiffness damper.Its design procedure are as follows: firstly, design rubber spring, makes its vertical stiffness under specified carrying operating condition Natural bow is suitable with common floor vibration absorber rubber natural bow, acts on identical as common floor vibration absorber；Then, dish-shaped bullet is designed Spring height, thickness, internal diameter, outer diameter parameters keep the negative stiffness of its equilbrium position under specified carrying operating condition and rubber spring vertical Quasi- zero stiffness is obtained after rigidity superposition；Finally, the upper and lower support of design, keeps disk spring in parallel with bushing-type rubber spring.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) structure type in parallel with rubber spring using the disk spring for only providing negative stiffness, makes rubber spring hang down Quasi- zero stiffness is obtained after being superimposed to rigidity with disk spring negative stiffness, to realize floor low frequency vibration isolation, which can effectively drop Low car body improves the riding comfort of passenger to the vibration on floor；
(2) device can be directly mounted between floor and car body, between floor and seat, without to car body, floor, seat It is transformed, availability is high, and applicability is wide；
(3) apparatus structure is compact, occupy little space, vibration isolation initial frequency is low, vibration isolating effect is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of damper of the invention；
Fig. 2 is disk spring schematic cross-section of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the disk spring of the embodiment of the present invention, rubber spring, the force-displacement relationship curve for synthesizing rear shock absorber；
Fig. 4 is the disk spring of the embodiment of the present invention, synthesis rear shock absorber rigidity-displacement.
Shown in figure label:
1, damper upper end supports, 2, rubber spring, 3, disk spring, 4, the support of damper lower end.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
A kind of quasi- zero stiffness damper for bullet train floor, as shown in Figure 1, including damper upper end support 1, subtracting The disk spring 3 between damper upper end support 1 and damper lower end support 4, and setting is arranged in vibration device lower end support 4 Rubber spring 2 inside disk spring 3,2 upper and lower ends of rubber spring are abutted respectively under damper upper end support 1 and damper End support 4.1 side-wall outer side is supported to be fixedly connected with damper upper end on the inside of 3 upper end of disk spring, 3 lower end outside of disk spring 4 inside sidewalls are supported to be fixedly connected with damper lower end.Rubber spring 2 is cylindrical type or cuboid-type, the side of rubber spring 2 Supporting with damper upper end has gap between 1 interior, rubber spring 2 is compression-type rubber spring, is provided with one or more It is a.The structure of disk spring 3 is as shown in Fig. 2, the ratio of free height and thickness is greater thanIt is provided with one or more parallel connections.
It is in parallel with rubber spring 2 using the negative stiffness characteristic of disk spring 3, it designs a kind of for bullet train floor Quasi- zero stiffness damper.Its design procedure are as follows: firstly, design rubber spring 2, keeps its vertical stiffness quiet under load capacity Amount of deflection is suitable with common rubber natural bow；Then, disk spring 3 is designed, makes it in the negative stiffness and rubber spring 2 of equilbrium position Quasi- zero stiffness is obtained after vertical stiffness superposition；Finally, the upper and lower support of design, keeps disk spring 3 in parallel with rubber spring 2.Dish Spring, rubber spring synthesize the force-displacement relationship curve of rear shock absorber as shown in figure 3, disk spring, synthesis rear shock absorber are rigid Degree-displacement is as shown in Figure 4.
This implementation is selected without supporting surface disk spring, and schematic cross-section is as shown in Figure 2.In figure, tcFor thickness, h0It is initial Highly, D is outer diameter, and d is internal diameter.Disk spring parameter designing formula in design procedure are as follows:
In formula, E is elasticity modulus, and μ is Poisson's ratio, and x is the displacement that disk spring is vertically generated from initial position, K1With The ratio between outer internal diameter C (C=D/d) is related:
Disk spring has negative stiffness characteristic principle and its calculating are as follows:
Disk spring can show different mechanical characteristics, when ratio of height to thickness is greater than according to its ratio of height to thickness differenceWhen, Mechanical characteristic will appear one section of negative stiffness region (region that characteristic curve is negative value).
In order to study disk spring negative stiffness characteristic, formula (1) is simplified, is enabled Substitution formula (1) can obtain
Above formula carries out derivation to x, can obtain disk spring rigidity expression formula are as follows:
It can be seen that disk spring rigidity kdIt is the quadratic function of deflection x, symmetry axis is x=α tc, and kd(0)=λ (α2+1)/tc> 0 will make disk spring have negative stiffness section, it is necessary to meet Δ=(- 3 α)2-6(α2+ 1) 0 >, i.e.,The section of negative stiffness at this time are as follows:
Fig. 3 (a) is disk spring force-displacement curve figure, has one section in figure to have negative stiffness characteristic (curvature is negative) Region, this is corresponding with the disk spring of Fig. 4 (a) rigidity-negative stiffness (rigidity is less than 0) region of displacement curve.And negative stiffness It is unstable in vibration processes, therefore the positive rigidity of rubber spring is added as rigidity compensation, power-displacement of rubber spring Shown in curve such as Fig. 3 (b), at parallel relationship when disk spring and rubber spring are installed, two power are added, the power-after being combined Shown in displacement curve such as Fig. 3 (c), shown in corresponding rigidity-displacement curve such as Fig. 4 (b), the rigidity after synthesis is without negative stiffness area Domain, and equilbrium position (in figure at 1.5mm) rigidity be equal to 0, i.e., subject to zero stiffness characteristic.For being installed on bullet train floor Quasi- zero stiffness damper, when system herein quasi- zero stiffness equilbrium position nearby do vibrate by a small margin when, due to quasi- zero stiffness system The vibration isolation initial frequency of system is low, vibration isolation bandwidth, can be effectively isolated car body and reach the vibration on floor, to reduce floor vibration It is dynamic, improve the riding comfort of passenger.
The above-mentioned quasi- zero stiffness damper for bullet train floor is generally mounted between bullet train floor and car body, Or between seat and floor.
The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention. Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein general Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, ability Field technique personnel announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be of the invention Within protection scope.

Claims (9)

1.一种用于高速列车地板的准零刚度减振器，其特征在于，包括减振器上端支撑(1)、减振器下端支撑(4)，设置在减振器上端支撑(1)和减振器下端支撑(4)之间的碟形弹簧(3)，以及设置在所述碟形弹簧内部的橡胶弹簧(2)，所述橡胶弹簧(2)上下两端分别抵接减振器上端支撑(1)和减振器下端支撑(4)。1. A quasi-zero stiffness shock absorber for high-speed train floors, characterized in that it comprises a shock absorber upper support (1), a shock absorber lower support (4), and is arranged on a shock absorber upper support (1) and the disc spring (3) between the lower end support (4) of the shock absorber, and the rubber spring (2) arranged inside the disc spring, the upper and lower ends of the rubber spring (2) are respectively in contact with the shock absorber The upper support of the device (1) and the lower support of the shock absorber (4). 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高速列车地板的准零刚度减振器，其特征在于，所述碟形弹簧(3)上端内侧与减振器上端支撑(1)侧壁外侧固定连接，所述碟形弹簧(3)下端外侧与减振器下端支撑(4)侧壁内侧固定连接。2. A quasi-zero-stiffness shock absorber for the floor of a high-speed train according to claim 1, characterized in that, the inner side of the upper end of the disc spring (3) and the outer side of the side wall of the upper end of the shock absorber support (1) Fixedly connected, the outer side of the lower end of the disc spring (3) is fixedly connected with the inner side of the side wall of the shock absorber lower end support (4). 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高速列车地板的准零刚度减振器，其特征在于，所述橡胶弹簧(2)为圆柱型或长方体型。3. A quasi-zero stiffness shock absorber for a high-speed train floor according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubber spring (2) is cylindrical or cuboid. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高速列车地板的准零刚度减振器，其特征在于，所述橡胶弹簧(2)的侧面与减振器上端支撑(1)侧壁内侧之间存在间隙。4. A quasi-zero-stiffness shock absorber for a high-speed train floor according to claim 1, characterized in that, between the side of the rubber spring (2) and the inside of the side wall of the shock absorber upper support (1) There is a gap in between. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高速列车地板的准零刚度减振器，其特征在于，所述橡胶弹簧(2)为压缩型橡胶弹簧。5. A quasi-zero-stiffness shock absorber for a high-speed train floor according to claim 1, characterized in that said rubber spring (2) is a compression type rubber spring. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高速列车地板的准零刚度减振器，其特征在于，所述橡胶弹簧(2)设置有一个或多个。6. A quasi-zero stiffness shock absorber for a high-speed train floor according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more rubber springs (2) are provided. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高速列车地板的准零刚度减振器，其特征在于，所述碟形弹簧(3)的自由高度和厚度的比大于 7. A kind of quasi-zero stiffness shock absorber for high-speed train floor according to claim 1, characterized in that, the ratio of the free height and thickness of the disc spring (3) is greater than 8.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高速列车地板的准零刚度减振器，其特征在于，所述碟形弹簧(3)设置有一个或多个并联。8. A quasi-zero-stiffness shock absorber for a high-speed train floor according to claim 1, characterized in that, the disc springs (3) are provided with one or more parallel connections. 9.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高速列车地板的准零刚度减振器，其特征在于，其安装于高速列车地板与车体之间、座椅与地板之间或餐桌与地板之间。9. A quasi-zero-stiffness shock absorber for a high-speed train floor according to claim 1, characterized in that it is installed between the high-speed train floor and the car body, between the seat and the floor, or between the dining table and the floor between.
CN201810844283.6A 2018-07-27 2018-07-27 Quasi-zero rigidity shock absorber for high-speed train floor Expired - Fee Related CN109058377B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110435698A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-11-12 同济大学 A kind of quasi- zero stiffness primary spring of rail truck
CN110439946A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-11-12 同济大学 Equipment quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators under a kind of railway vehicle truck
CN110608260A (en) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-24 上海工程技术大学 A mass-adjustable shock absorber for urban rail vehicles and its principle of shock reduction
CN111895038A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-06 迅达（中国）电梯有限公司 Elevator shock absorber
CN114060456A (en) * 2021-11-29 2022-02-18 同济大学 Quasi-zero stiffness shock absorber for railway vehicle seat

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JPH0253686A (en) * 1988-08-17 1990-02-22 Kayaba Ind Co Ltd 2-car shock absorber
CN2370054Y (en) * 1999-02-27 2000-03-22 朱德功 Composite under rail suction plate
CN103398139A (en) * 2013-08-01 2013-11-20 湖南大学 Dish-shaped rubber quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator
CN103790106A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-14 北京工业大学 Parallel-connection-type negative stiffness structure shock insulating and damping support with butterfly-shaped spring
RU2551607C1 (en) * 2014-04-01 2015-05-27 Олег Савельевич Кочетов Package of kochetov's belleville spring
CN204399189U (en) * 2015-01-09 2015-06-17 南京中盛铁路车辆配件有限公司 Efficient train shock absorber
CN204664247U (en) * 2015-05-05 2015-09-23 扬州兰扬弹簧制造有限公司 Belleville spring
CN106369095A (en) * 2016-10-17 2017-02-01 安徽信泽科技有限公司 Disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0253686A (en) * 1988-08-17 1990-02-22 Kayaba Ind Co Ltd 2-car shock absorber
CN2370054Y (en) * 1999-02-27 2000-03-22 朱德功 Composite under rail suction plate
CN103398139A (en) * 2013-08-01 2013-11-20 湖南大学 Dish-shaped rubber quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator
CN103790106A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-14 北京工业大学 Parallel-connection-type negative stiffness structure shock insulating and damping support with butterfly-shaped spring
RU2551607C1 (en) * 2014-04-01 2015-05-27 Олег Савельевич Кочетов Package of kochetov's belleville spring
CN204399189U (en) * 2015-01-09 2015-06-17 南京中盛铁路车辆配件有限公司 Efficient train shock absorber
CN204664247U (en) * 2015-05-05 2015-09-23 扬州兰扬弹簧制造有限公司 Belleville spring
CN106369095A (en) * 2016-10-17 2017-02-01 安徽信泽科技有限公司 Disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110435698A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-11-12 同济大学 A kind of quasi- zero stiffness primary spring of rail truck
CN110439946A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-11-12 同济大学 Equipment quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators under a kind of railway vehicle truck
CN110608260A (en) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-24 上海工程技术大学 A mass-adjustable shock absorber for urban rail vehicles and its principle of shock reduction
CN110608260B (en) * 2019-10-16 2024-05-24 上海工程技术大学 Mass-adjustable vibration absorber for urban rail vehicle and vibration reduction principle
CN111895038A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-06 迅达（中国）电梯有限公司 Elevator shock absorber
CN114060456A (en) * 2021-11-29 2022-02-18 同济大学 Quasi-zero stiffness shock absorber for railway vehicle seat

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