CN109058128A

CN109058128A - A kind of novel micro- lift revolution scraping blade pump performance test device

Info

Publication number: CN109058128A
Application number: CN201811263226.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤方平; 张文鹏; 石丽建
Original assignee: Yangzhou University
Current assignee: Yangzhou University
Priority date: 2018-10-28
Filing date: 2018-10-28
Publication date: 2018-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-28
Also published as: CN109058128B

Abstract

A new micro-lift rotary scraper pump performance test device, which belongs to the technical field of water conservancy equipment, is structurally composed of a water supply valve, a water supply pipe, a water inlet overflow chamber, a water inlet overflow plate, a water inlet tank, a hub, blades, and a wheel rim , water outlet tank, water outlet overflow plate, water outlet overflow chamber, outlet water collection pipe and electromagnetic flowmeter connection, which can effectively test the performance of the micro-lift rotary scraper vane pump used in low-lift working conditions and verify the design theory and the accuracy of the calculation method, finally obtained a new pump type that operates safely, stably, and efficiently under the head of 0-2 m, which solves the problem of low operating efficiency, unit instability, and energy Defects such as waste and large hydraulic loss in the flow channel are of great significance to improve the performance of the pump under extremely low head conditions.

Description

A kind of novel micro- lift revolution scraping blade pump performance test device

Technical field

The invention belongs to hydraulic machinery equipmentfrog clothing technical fields, are related to a kind of pump performance test device, particularly relate to A kind of novel micro- lift revolution scraping blade pump performance test device.

Background technique

In China, water lifting machinery just has it from ancient times, our ancestors just create the work for water lift at the beginning of Christian era Tool, wherein it is most widely used, history is longest surely belongs to waterwheel.The mankind begin to using waterwheel water lift between the Eastern Han Dynasty year, existing away from the present More than 1800 years history.Waterwheel is driven by wind-force, waterpower, storage power or manpower, in the 1960s, China River Network Once a large amount of windmill operates.Windmill is the waterwheel with wind drive, the waterwheel of the waterwheel, hydro powered that pull there are also ox power And manually driven waterwheel etc., these waterwheels are that the development of agricultural irrigation is made that Historic Contributions.With industrial technology Development, waterwheel is gradually replaced water pump.

Water pump be it is a kind of conversion, energy-delivering machinery.Engine drives pump operation, and the mechanical energy of engine passes through water Pump is converted to the kinetic energy and potential energy of water, that is, the energy transmission water supply of engine, reaches water lift and increases the mesh of water pressure 's.Thus, water pump is also a kind of water lifting machinery.Since China reforms and opens up to the outside world, the manufacture of water pump, which produces, to be rapidly developed.Water pump is wide It is general to be applied to agricultural irrigation and draining, it is agricultural production and disaster reduction and prevention service；It is also widely used for industrial enterprise and cities and towns is built If being industrial production, city-building and flood control and disaster reduction and water environment Engineering Service.On the one hand, pumping plant is to ensure The stable development of the security of the lives and property and national economy of the people is made that significant contribution, on the other hand, with economic skill The development of art and the raising of living standards of the people to pumping plant but also have new and higher requirement not only.

In recent years, as the exacerbation of Urban Waterlogging task and the masses are generally to the care of water environmental problems, to extremely low The demand of lift pumping plant becomes higher and higher.Such as: the proposed new Meng He in industry-boundary's board key water control project pumping plant, row The minimum net lift of water condition is 0 m；Qianjiang City of Hubei Province always new secondary pump station the minimum lift of operating condition be 0.36 m.If only From the point of view of both operating conditions, existing pump-type is all difficult to meet the requirements.In order to meet the application of Practical Project, at this stage Generally take two ways: first, the axial-flow pump (rated lift of pump is at 2~3 meters) compared with low lift is selected, extremely by blade adjustments Smaller laying angle；Second, the same axial-flow pump selected compared with low lift increases impeller diameter and reduces revolution speed.Both modes Although can run reluctantly, can all a series of problems be generated: the flow of unit time can be made to reduce using first way, be Meet traffic requirement and would have to increasing pump runing time, and pump operation operating condition substantial deviation design conditions at this time, efficiency It is low, unit is unstable, cause serious energy waste；It then needs to increase impeller diameter using second method, accordingly Disengaging sink size must be increased, thus cause sharply increasing for construction investment, and this time slot hydraulic loss institute accounting Great, operational efficiency is equally very low, in addition, in order to adjust revolving speed, it is necessary to install expensive frequency conversion equipment.Both methods Obviously it does not comply with that pumping plant is safe and stable, efficient service requirement, causes great energy waste, be not able to satisfy energy conservation and subtract The requirement of row.In addition, traditional pump station is due to revolving speed height, pump pressure is low, causes great injury to fish.Therefore, more next More domestic and foreign scholars start to expand the research range to pump lift, design range of lift in 0~2 meter of new pump-type, subtract Few destruction of the pumping plant to ecological environment, the pump installation performance improved under extremely low operation lift has a very important significance, but mesh Before lack one kind to micro- lift pump performance test device, be unfavorable for the research and development of micro- lifting pump.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to operation effect occur for the axial-flow pump selected in current low lift operating condition compared with low lift Rate is low, unit is unstable, energy waste, slot hydraulic loss than it is great the defects of, need to research and develop micro- lift revolution scraping blade pump, but mesh It is preceding still to lack a kind of device to the revolution scraping blade pump performance test of micro- lift, propose a kind of novel micro- lift revolution scraping blade pump performance Experimental rig can solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and the research and development to novel micro- lift revolution scraping blade pump improves extremely low Pump performance when lift operating condition is run, has great importance.

The technical scheme is that a kind of novel micro- lift turns round scraping blade pump performance test device, including rack；It is special Sign is: the rack is equipped with motor, is connected with torquemeter on the output shaft of the motor, the torquemeter passes through shaft coupling Device is connected with the axis in rolling bearing, and the axial end of the axis is equipped with the impeller being made of wheel hub, blade and wheel rim, the leaf Be connected with intake chamber on the left of wheel, the left end of the intake chamber is equipped with water inlet overflow chamber, the water inlet overflow chamber with it is described into The junction of sink is equipped with water inlet overflow plate, and the top of the intake chamber is equipped with water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is equipped with water compensating valve, Be connected with effluent trough on the right side of the impeller, the right end of the effluent trough is equipped with water outlet overflow chamber, the water outlet overflow chamber and The junction of effluent trough is equipped with water outlet overflow plate, is connected with effluent collection pipe, the water outlet below the water outlet overflow chamber Collecting pipe is equipped with electromagnetic flowmeter.

The impeller is roller frame, and impeller is made of wheel hub, blade and wheel rim, and impeller rotates to be forward direction, water counterclockwise It can directly be contacted with air, there are free surface, when operation will not generate negative pressure, and cavitation will not occur.

The blade is inclined straight panel-form, is concave form in influent side blade, be easy to flow automatically water inlet；Work as impeller When rotation to water outlet side, then become protruding shape, is easy to be discharged and aqueous reflux can be prevented.

The intake chamber and effluent trough be it is horizontally disposed, intake chamber be lower than effluent trough.

The water inlet overflow plate is identical as water outlet overflow plate height, equal into and out of the flow rate of water flow of sink to guarantee, thus Ignore flow velocity to the interference effect of test device.

The wheel hub, water inlet overflow plate, water outlet overflow plate determine the height of the water-head of intake chamber and effluent trough, that is, raise Journey H；Wheel hub is bigger, and the water-head of intake chamber and effluent trough also becomes larger therewith, and overflow Board position is equipped with gate slot, and overflow plate is placed In gate slot, overflow plate alterable height realizes the adjusting of pump lift by the adjusting of overflow plate height.

The impeller falls into the center that intake chamber and effluent trough is arranged in, and to increase the contact area of impeller and water flow, makes Its water lift amount is bigger, more efficient, intake chamber, width 1mm longer than impeller axial width of effluent trough or so.

The shaft coupling is made of elastic material, passes through elasticity between motor and torquemeter, between torquemeter and impeller The shaft coupling of material connects.

The water that the water supply pipe provides is greater than water lift amount when impeller is run, and extra water passes through overflow plate overflow test System simulates stable water inlet water level when practical pumping station operation with this.

The intake chamber, effluent trough length be all larger than the diameter of five times of impellers, with stationary flow, and intake chamber and go out The water flow of sink is same direction, avoids water flow because of hydraulic loss caused by turning to.

The invention has the benefit that the novel micro- lift of one kind provided by the invention turns round scraping blade pump performance test device, By water compensating valve, water supply pipe, water inlet overflow chamber, water inlet overflow plate, intake chamber, wheel hub, blade, wheel rim, effluent trough, water outlet in structure Overflow plate, water outlet overflow chamber, effluent collection pipe connect composition with electromagnetic flowmeter, can be effectively to for micro- in low lift operating condition The performance of lift revolution scraping blade pump is tested, and verifies the accuracy of design theory and calculation method, is finally obtained 0~2 Safe and stable, efficient operation new pump-type under m lift solves the axial-flow pump operation effect of traditional low lift operating condition middle and low lift The defects of rate is low, unit is unstable, energy waste, big runner hydraulic loss, to the pump improved when extremely low lift operating condition is run Can have great importance.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is impeller driving device structural schematic diagram in the present invention.

In figure: water compensating valve 1, water supply pipe 2, water inlet overflow chamber 3, water inlet overflow plate 4, intake chamber 5, wheel hub 6, blade 7, wheel rim 8, effluent trough 9, water outlet overflow plate 10, water outlet overflow chamber 11, effluent collection pipe 12, electromagnetic flowmeter 13, impeller 14, sealing ring 15, rolling bearing 16, shaft coupling 17, torquemeter 18, motor 19.

Specific embodiment

The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings:

As shown in Figs. 1-2, a kind of novel micro- lift turns round scraping blade pump performance test device, and rack is equipped with motor 19, motor 19 Output shaft on be connected with torquemeter 18, torquemeter 18 is connected by shaft coupling 17 with the axis in rolling bearing 16, axis Axial end is equipped with the impeller 14 being made of wheel hub 6, blade 7 and wheel rim 8, and the left side of impeller 14 is connected with intake chamber 5, intake chamber 5 left end is equipped with overflow plate 4 of intaking equipped with water inlet overflow chamber 3, water inlet overflow chamber 3 and the junction of intake chamber 5, intake chamber 5 Top is equipped with water supply pipe 2, and water supply pipe 2 is equipped with water compensating valve 1, and the right side of impeller 14 is connected with effluent trough 9, the right side of effluent trough 9 End is equipped with water outlet overflow chamber 11, and the junction for being discharged overflow chamber 11 and effluent trough 9 is equipped with water outlet overflow plate 10, is discharged overflow chamber 11 Lower section be connected with effluent collection pipe 12, effluent collection pipe 12 is equipped with electromagnetic flowmeter 13.

As shown in Figs. 1-2, a kind of novel micro- lift turns round scraping blade pump performance test device, and impeller 14 is roller frame, leaf Wheel 14 is made of wheel hub 6, blade 7 and wheel rim 8, and impeller 14 rotates to be forward direction counterclockwise, and water can be contacted directly with air, be existed Free surface, when operation, will not generate negative pressure, and cavitation will not occur；Blade 7 is inclined straight panel-form, in water inlet lateral lobe Piece is concave form, and be easy to flow automatically water inlet；When impeller is rotated to water outlet side, then become protruding shape, is easy to be discharged and can be with Prevent aqueous reflux；Intake chamber 5 and effluent trough 9 be it is horizontally disposed, intake chamber 5 be lower than effluent trough 9；Water inlet overflow plate 4 and water outlet 10 height of overflow plate is identical, equal into and out of the flow rate of water flow of sink to guarantee, to ignore flow velocity to the interference shadow of test device It rings；Wheel hub 6, water inlet overflow plate 4, water outlet overflow plate 10 determine the height of the water-head of intake chamber 5 and effluent trough 9, i.e. lift H；Wheel hub 6 is bigger, and the water-head of intake chamber 5 and effluent trough 9 also becomes larger therewith, and overflow Board position is equipped with gate slot, overflow plate peace It is placed in gate slot, overflow plate alterable height, by the adjusting of overflow plate height, realizes the adjusting of pump lift；Impeller 6, which is fallen into, to be set It sets at the center of intake chamber 5 and effluent trough 9, to increase the contact area of impeller 6 Yu water flow, keeps its water lift amount bigger, efficiency is more Height, intake chamber 5, the width of effluent trough 9 are 1mm longer than 6 axial width of impeller or so；Shaft coupling 17 is made of elastic material, motor It is connected by the shaft coupling of elastic material between 19 and torquemeter 18, between torquemeter 18 and impeller 6；What water supply pipe 2 provided Water is greater than water lift amount when impeller is run, and extra water passes through overflow plate overflow test system, simulates practical pumping plant with this Stable water inlet water level when operation；Intake chamber 5, effluent trough 9 length be all larger than the diameter of five times of impellers 6, with stationary flow, And the water flow of intake chamber 5 and effluent trough 9 is same direction, avoids water flow because of hydraulic loss caused by turning to.

As shown in Figs. 1-2, a kind of installation requirement of novel micro- lift revolution scraping blade pump performance test device is as follows:

(1) impeller size is determined according to water requirement and lift, selects suitable wheel hub ratio, tip diameter should be more straight than the outer rim of blade Big 0.5mm of diameter or so, to reduce frictional resistance and make leakage loss in the reasonable scope；

(2) blade is welded on wheel hub；

(3) impeller is fallen into slot, it is reasonable to fall into depth, that is, is avoided that excessive excavation, and can guarantee enough depth of immersion；

(4) sealing is carried out in the position of impeller shaft；

(5) dimensional parameters of conversion impeller are carried out referring to Froude number criterion；

(6) revolving speed and the number of blade that impeller is adjusted according to design requirement, in this programme by taking 8 blades as an example；

(7) water inlet pipe of test macro provides the flow bigger than impeller water lift amount, to meet the stable state of intake chamber, import Overflow plate keeps overflow situation；

(8) test macro import overflow plate is consistent with outlet overflows plate height, to eliminate influence of the water flow dynamic energy to test；

(9) pass through shaft coupling elastic connection impeller and torquemeter and torquemeter and motor；

(10) diameter of outflow tube is formulated, overflow had not only been able to satisfy and has flowed completely out but also cannot be mixed into air, to guarantee that Electromagnetic Flow measures Amount is accurate；

(11) axial width of impeller, groove width 1mm longer than impeller axial width or so, impeller are determined according to specific traffic requirement It is mounted on groove center.

As shown in Figs. 1-2, a kind of working principle of novel micro- lift revolution scraping blade pump performance test device is as follows: impeller is The core component of the invention patent is mainly made of wheel hub, blade and wheel rim.Impeller is roll form, and rotation is positive counterclockwise To.Unlike conventional pump form, " novel micro- lift revolution scraping blade pump " only has part wheel rim, and therefore, water and air can be with It directly contacts, there are free surface, when operation will not generate negative pressure, and cavitation will not occur.Wheel rim influent side is relative to water outlet Side wants low, and intake chamber and effluent trough are horizontally disposed.The overflow plate of same height is set at into and out of sink, to guarantee water-in and water-out The flow rate of water flow of slot is equal, to ignore flow velocity to the interference effect of test device.The wheel hub of impeller outer dimension and impeller ratio Determine the water lift amount of " novel micro- lift revolution scraping blade pump ", i.e. flow, when outer dimension is identical, wheel hub than smaller, pump Water lift amount is bigger.Wheel hub and overflow plate determine the height of the water-head of intake chamber and effluent trough, i.e. lift H, and wheel hub is bigger, into The water-head of sink and effluent trough can also become larger, and cooperation adjustment is raised into and out of the overflow plate height on sink, adjustable pump Journey.When impeller rotates, hub positions are constant, can prevent aqueous reflux.When impeller rotates, the water between two blades is pushed to out Sink makes water outlet side water overflow enter water outlet overflow chamber；Influent side water level reduces, and due to gravity, influent side water level can be mended To height same as water inlet overflow plate.Blade choosing multiple form.It is explained by taking oblique form as an example.Blade is placed as Inclined straight panel-form is concave form in influent side blade, and be easy to flow automatically water inlet；When impeller is rotated to water outlet side, then Become protruding shape, be easy to be discharged and aqueous reflux can be prevented.Impeller location is fallen into slot, can increase connecing for impeller and water flow Contacting surface product, keeps its water lift amount bigger, more efficient.Impeller provides lasting, stable power by motor, among motor and impeller Equipped with torquemeter, to measure motor to the input power P of impeller.Motor and torquemeter and torquemeter and impeller pass through elasticity The shaft coupling of material connects.The water supply pipe of test device can provide endlessly water flow, and water is greater than when impeller is run Water lift amount, extra water pass through overflow plate overflow test system, simulate stable water inlet water when practical pumping station operation with this Position.Gate slot is arranged in overflow Board position, overflow plate alterable height, overflow plate is placed in gate slot, adjusts water level with this.Out Water in sink, which flows through, enters water outlet overflow chamber after overflow plate overflows, and enters effluent collection pipe, and electromagnetism is housed in outlet pipe Flowmeter measures water flow, and the flow measured is the practical water lift amount Q of Waterwheel-type pump.Water-in and water-out slot length should all be big In five times of impeller diameters, with stationary flow, and the water flow of intake chamber and effluent trough is same direction, avoids water flow because turning to Caused by hydraulic loss.Since impeller is drum-type rotation, water enters impeller, and only seldom one due to gravity gravity flow Part wheel rim, in this way can be to avoid the damage to fish.

Claims

1. A novel micro-lift rotary scraper pump performance test device, comprising a frame; it is characterized in that: the frame is provided with a motor (19), and the output shaft of the motor (19) is connected with a torque meter (18), the torque meter (18) is connected with the shaft in the rolling bearing (16) through a shaft coupling (17), and the shaft end of the shaft is provided with a hub (6), a blade (7) and a wheel The impeller (14) formed by the edge (8), the left side of the impeller (14) is connected with a water inlet tank (5), and the left end of the water inlet tank (5) is provided with a water inlet overflow chamber (3), so The junction of the water inlet overflow chamber (3) and the water inlet tank (5) is provided with a water inlet overflow plate (4), and the top of the water inlet tank (5) is provided with a water supply pipe (2), and the The water supply pipe (2) is provided with a water supply valve (1), the right side of the impeller (14) is connected with a water outlet tank (9), and the right end of the water outlet tank (9) is provided with a water outlet overflow chamber (11) , the junction of the water outlet overflow chamber (11) and the water outlet tank (9) is provided with a water outlet overflow plate (10), and the bottom of the water outlet overflow chamber (11) is connected with an outlet water collection pipe (12), An electromagnetic flowmeter (13) is provided on the outlet water collecting pipe (12).

2. A new type of micro-lift rotary scraper pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the impeller (14) is a drum structure, and the impeller (14) is composed of a hub (6), blades (7) Composed with the rim (8), the impeller (14) rotates counterclockwise to be positive, water and air can be in direct contact, there is a free liquid surface, no negative pressure will be generated during operation, and cavitation will not occur.

3. A new type of micro-lift rotary scraper pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blade (7) is in the form of an inclined straight panel, and the blade on the water inlet side is in the form of a depression, which is easy to flow by itself When the impeller rotates to the water outlet side, it becomes a convex shape, which is easy to discharge water and prevents water from flowing backward.

4. A new type of micro-lift rotary scraper pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water inlet tank (5) and the water outlet tank (9) are both horizontally arranged, and the water inlet tank (5) is low in the outlet tank (9).

5. A new type of micro-lift rotary scraper pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water inlet overflow plate (4) is the same height as the water outlet overflow plate (10) to ensure that the , The flow rate of the water flow in the outlet channel is equal, so that the interference effect of the flow rate on the test device is ignored.

6. A new type of micro-lift rotary scraper pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hub (6), the water inlet overflow plate (4), and the water outlet overflow plate (10) determine The height of the water level difference between the water inlet tank (5) and the water outlet tank (9), that is, the head H; the larger the hub (6), the larger the water level difference between the water inlet tank (5) and the water outlet tank (9), and the overflow There is a gate groove at the position of the flow plate, and the overflow plate is placed in the gate groove. The height of the overflow plate is variable. Through the adjustment of the height of the overflow plate, the adjustment of the pump lift is realized.

7. A new type of micro-lift rotary scraper pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the impeller (6) is plunged into the center of the water inlet tank (5) and the water outlet tank (9), so as to Increase the contact area between the impeller (6) and the water flow, so that the water lifting capacity is larger and the efficiency is higher. The width of the water inlet groove (5) and the water outlet groove (9) is about 1mm longer than the axial width of the impeller (6).

8. A new type of micro-lift rotary scraper pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coupling (17) is made of elastic material, the motor (19) and the torque meter (18) Between the torque meter (18) and the impeller (6) are all connected by a coupling of elastic material.

9. A new micro-lift rotary scraper pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the amount of water provided by the water replenishment pipe (2) is greater than the amount of water lifted when the impeller is running, and the excess water passes through the overflow The plate overflow test system is used to simulate the stable water level of the actual pumping station when it is running.

10. A new type of micro-lift rotary scraper pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lengths of the water inlet tank (5) and the water outlet tank (9) are all greater than five times the length of the impeller (6). Diameter, to stabilize the water flow, and the water flow of the water inlet tank (5) and the water outlet tank (9) is in the same direction, which avoids the hydraulic loss caused by the water flow due to turning.