CN109058084A - A kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy - Google Patents
A kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109058084A CN109058084A CN201810796739.6A CN201810796739A CN109058084A CN 109058084 A CN109058084 A CN 109058084A CN 201810796739 A CN201810796739 A CN 201810796739A CN 109058084 A CN109058084 A CN 109058084A
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- cover
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- travelling valve
- silicon carbide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/562—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of iron or nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
- F04B53/1002—Ball valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pumps of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy, including pump barrel assembly, travelling valve assembly for plunger, fixed valve assembly and conducting drainage device.Pump barrel assembly includes pump barrel and the upper pump barrel box cupling and lower pump barrel box cupling that connect respectively with pump barrel both ends, and lower pump barrel box cupling is equipped with oil leak hole；It includes the conducting mandril being mounted on standing valve cover that drainage device, which is connected, the length that mandril is connected is greater than the axial distance at lower travelling cover both ends, the matching relationship is as follows: when lower travelling valve ball pushes conducting mandril, mandril is connected and opens lower travelling valve ball, the apical axis of lower travelling valve ball upper end opens intermediate travelling valve ball, the conducting of plunger inner hole, standing valve cover, which moves down, opens oil leak hole draining；Pump barrel plating inner surface has amorphous nickel tungsten phosphorus anticorrosion antiwear protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is not less than 75 μm；The present invention can effectively prevent grease spilling, and plunger inner hole can be connected, and realize quick draining, and environmental protection is reliable；Pump barrel internal surface protection layer improves resistance to neutral salt spray, acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting, halophile and the wear-resisting property of protective layer by adjusting the composition proportion of electroplate liquid using amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating coating simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil exploitation downhole tools, and in particular to a kind of anti-pollution draining oil pumping of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy
Pump.
Background technique
Tubing pump is mainly made of pump barrel, fuel-displaced cover, plunger, inlet valve and delivery valve.Oil well pump leans at work
The drive of pumping unit, plunger pump in pump barrel.When upstroke, the delivery valve of plunger lower part is closed, and plunger will pump
Crude oil in cylinder is shifted onto the oil pipe on pump barrel top by fuel-displaced cover, while vacuum is formed at lower part.Pass through oil inlet below pump barrel
Oil is drawn onto pump barrel by valve.When down stroke, inlet valve is closed, and oil liquid is by plunger and delivery valve by oil pressure to top come this
Sample ceaselessly moves up and down, and just oil is constantly drawn on ground.
The bleeder of tubing pump used at present is mostly to pump lower impacting type pin oil drain to take out after oil pumping rod segment is de-
Beam hanger and plunger, which are fallen in, blocks impingement holes in pump, can not throw bar draining, and such oil liquid is stored in plunger inner hole, causes playing original
When well oil pipe, grease overflows landing, to will cause serious pollution around oil well, increasing discharge amount of pollution and clearing up pollution
Workload.
Further, since oil field at home exploitation has mostly been exploited to the middle and later periods, development difficulty is increased, and oil well environment medium is continuous
Deteriorate, containing corrosive mediums such as CO2, H2S and salt water in well liquid, there are also the impurity such as sand grains, pump under such rugged environment
Pump is wanted working in reciprocating mode up to ten thousand times daily, therefore it is required that oil well pump has the performances such as higher hardness, wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, to meet
The needs that scene uses.Pump barrel is the most important component of oil well pump, and value accounts for 60% or more of oil well pump total value.Pump barrel
Main failure forms are abrasion and corrosion.
Wall processing technology is mainly chromium plating, electronickelling, chemical nickel phosphorus plating etc. in internal pump cylinder at present.But the above plating exists
Environmental pollution is serious, brittleness is big, electrodeposition rate is slow, apparently there is that micro-crack, plating thickness have pin hole.Cause corrosion-resistant, resistance to
Mill performance is not able to satisfy the needs that scene uses, limits its a wide range of popularization and use.
Summary of the invention
It the purpose of the present invention is to defect of the existing technology, provides a kind of structurally reasonable, can effectively prevent oil
Water overflows, and plunger inner hole can be connected, and realizes quick draining, the reliable anti-pollution draining oil well pump of environmental protection of environmental protection, while further
The corrosion-resistant and wear-resisting property for solving existing pump barrel is not able to satisfy the defect of complicated site environment.
The technical scheme is that: a kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy, comprising:
Pump barrel assembly, the pump barrel assembly include pump barrel and the upper pump barrel box cupling and lower pump barrel that connect respectively with pump barrel both ends
Box cupling, the lower pump barrel box cupling are equipped with oil leak hole, and the lower end of the lower pump barrel box cupling is removably connected with reducer union；
Travelling valve assembly for plunger, the travelling valve assembly for plunger include the plunger being movably arranged in pump barrel, are mounted on column
The upper fuel-displaced cover on plug top, the intermediate travelling valve assembly and lower travelling valve assembly successively being connect with plunger lower end；Wherein, in described
Between travelling valve assembly include intermediate travelling cover connect with plunger lower end, the lower end that the intermediate travelling is covered is equipped with intermediate travelling
Valve seat is located in the intermediate travelling valve seat in intermediate travelling cover and is movably equipped with intermediate travelling valve ball；The lower travelling valve assembly
Including the lower travelling cover connecting with intermediate cover lower end of moving about, the lower end of the lower travelling cover is equipped with lower travelling valve seat, under described
It is located in the dynamic cover in downstream in travelling valve seat and is movably equipped with lower travelling valve ball, is movably equipped with apical axis on the lower travelling valve ball, it is described
The upper end of apical axis is stretched out lower travelling cover and is extended to intermediate travelling valve seat direction, and the dynamic cover in downstream and lower travelling valve are located on the apical axis
Reset spring is arranged between ball；
Fixed valve assembly, the fixed valve assembly includes the standing valve cover being movably arranged in lower pump barrel box cupling, described solid
The upper surface and lower pump barrel box cupling for determining valve bonnet are clamped, and oil leak hole two sides are located on the standing valve cover and are respectively equipped with sealing device,
The lower end of the standing valve cover is connected with fixed valve base and pressure cap in turn, is equipped in standing valve cover on the fixed valve base
Fixed valve ball, draining spring is installed between the pressure cap and reducer union；
Drainage device is connected, the conducting drainage device includes the conducting mandril being mounted on standing valve cover, the conducting
The length of mandril is greater than the axial distance at lower travelling cover both ends, and the matching relationship is as follows: the lower travelling valve ball pushes conducting
When mandril, the conducting mandril opens lower travelling valve ball, and the apical axis of lower travelling valve ball upper end opens intermediate travelling valve ball, the column
Inner hole conducting is filled in, the standing valve cover, which moves down, opens oil leak hole draining；
The pump barrel plating inner surface has amorphous nickel tungsten phosphorus anticorrosion antiwear protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is not less than 75
μm；It is described plating use amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating comprising main salt, buffer, complexing agent, conductive salt and go from
Sub- water, wherein the main salt group becomes nickel sulfate, sodium tungstate and phosphorous acid, the concentration of three is respectively 120-140g/L, 10-
20g/L and 5-15g/L；The buffer is boric acid, concentration 25-35g/L；The complexing agent is citric acid and/or lemon
Lemon acid sodium, concentration 20-30g/L；The conductive salt is sodium sulphate, concentration 20-30g/L；
The processing technology of the amorphous nickel tungsten phosphorus anticorrosion antiwear protective layer is as follows:
Workpieces processing successively passes through electrolytic degreasing, electrochemical etching, activation, deionized water cleaning, plating and heat treatment
Step process,
The electrolytic degreasing is handled 5-10 minutes in 65-75 DEG C of degreasing fluid, and current density control is 5-10A/
dm2；The degreasing fluid is configured by degreasing powder and water according to mass ratio 3-5:100；The degreasing powder by NaOH, Na2CO3 with
And Na3PO4 is configured according to mass ratio 15-18:25-28:2-4, and keeps pH between 10-13；
The electrochemical etching is that processing removes deoxidation in the sodium nitrate aqueous solution that molar concentration is 0.4~0.5mol/L
Film, current density control are 5-10A/dm2；
The activation is impregnated in the sulfuric acid solution that concentration is 0.35-0.4M, to increase metal surface activity；
The plating uses amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating, and adjusts pH value to 2-3 with nickelous carbonate, and electroplating temperature >=
70 DEG C, current density 5-10A/dm2, electroplating time is 3-4 hours；One layer of amorphous nickel tungsten is plated in pump barrel inner surface by plating
The thickness of phosphorus anticorrosion antiwear protective layer, the protective layer is not less than 75 μm.
The heat treatment is to keep the temperature 1-2 hours under 300 DEG C of -400 DEG C of environment.
Preferably, the lower end of the lower travelling cover is equipped with lower pressing cap, and the conducting mandril corresponds to the center of lower pressing cap
At hole.
Preferably, the intermediate travelling valve bonnet, lower travelling cover, plunger and lower pressing cap are slidably connected with pump barrel sealing respectively.
Preferably, the top of the conducting mandril is equipped with buffer cap, is equipped in the buffer cap and connects at the top of conducting mandril
The buffer spring connect.
Preferably, the upper surface of the standing valve cover passes through the step being arranged on lower pump barrel box cupling and is mutually clamped.
Preferably, the pressure cap is threadedly coupled with lower pump barrel box cupling, and the fixed valve base is mounted at the top of pressure cap.
Preferably, the lower pressing cap is threadedly coupled with pump barrel, and the lower travelling valve seat is mounted at the top of lower pressing cap.
Preferably, the lower travelling cover is threadedly coupled with centre travelling cover, and the intermediate travelling valve seat is mounted on lower travelling
The top of cover.
It is further preferred that the concentration of the nickel sulfate, sodium tungstate and phosphorous acid is 133g/L, 18g/L and 8g/L；
The boric acid concentration is 30g/L, and the sodium sulfate concentration is 24g/L.
It is further improved, is additionally added additive in the electroplate liquid, additive can be following two:
First, the additive is modified silicon carbide, concentration 5-8g/L；The modified silicon carbide passes through following steps
It obtains: mixing silicon carbide, deionized water, toluene, Silane coupling agent KH550 according to weight ratio 3-5:4-5:100-120:3-6,
It is stirred to react at 65-75 DEG C 1-1.5 hours；Solid product is dried after successively being washed with acetone, deionized water after reaction, then
By being ground to average grain diameter in 20~50nm, silicane coupling agent surface grafted silicon carbide is obtained.
Second, the additive is modified complex silicon carbide, concentration 4-6g/L；The modified complex silicon carbide is logical
It crosses following steps to obtain: according to weight ratio 3-5:2-4:4-5:100-120:3-6 by silicon carbide, silicon nitride, deionized water, first
Benzene, Silane coupling agent KH550 mixing, are stirred to react 2-2.5 hours at 68-70 DEG C；Solid product successively uses third after reaction
It dries after ketone, deionized water washing, using average grain diameter is ground in 20~50nm, obtains silicane coupling agent surface grafted
Complex silicon carbide.
Further, above two additive also needs to handle by positive surface charge, processing step are as follows: connects surface
The branch silicon carbide (or complex silicon carbide) of silane coupling agent, acetonitrile, ionic liquid [Hmim] HSO4, azodiisobutyronitrile according to
5~8:90 of weight ratio~100:3~5:0.7-0.9 is uniformly mixed in a nitrogen atmosphere, then 5-6h is reacted under the conditions of 82-86 DEG C,
After reaction, solid product is successively dried after acetone, deionized water washing, using be ground to average grain diameter 20~
50nm obtains the silicon carbide (or complex silicon carbide) of positive surface charge.
Ionic liquid [Hmim] HSO4 is existing ionic liquid, for example can be prepared as follows: taking 8.2g's
N- methylimidazole is added in the three holes bottle that capacity is 250mL, is placed in ice-water bath and is cooled to 0~5 DEG C, under violent stirring,
In the concentrated sulfuric acid and 10mLH2O of 98% (mass percent) for using 10~12g of rubber head dropper addition in 30min, room temperature continues to stir
Mix 2~4h；After reaction, mixed liquor is evaporated under reduced pressure under conditions of 75 DEG C removes moisture, obtains target product [Hmim] HSO4.
It is further improved, is additionally added nano bar-shape AlOOH, the nano bar-shape AlOOH and degreasing powder in the degreasing fluid
Mass ratio be 1:1-2；The nano bar-shape AlOOH preparation step are as follows: prepare the cetyl trimethyl bromine containing 0.25g/L
Change the aqueous solution of the citric acid of ammonium (CTAB) and 0.14g/L, ultrasonic disperse is uniform, as compound soft template solution, then to compound
The aluminum nitrate of 0.15mol/L and the urea of 0.10mol/L are added in soft template solution, reacts 2.5h at 80 DEG C, after reaction,
Make white depositions natural subsidence, 3000rpm is centrifuged 7min and removes supernatant, bottom precipitation is dried in vacuo, nano bar-shape is obtained
AlOOH。
It is further improved, soaking time is 30-60S in the activation.
It is further improved, is equipped with water-washing step after the electrolytic degreasing, electrochemical etching and plating step.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that structurally reasonable, can effectively be connected after oil pumping rod segment is de-
Plunger inner hole, and expose oil leak hole, it is able to achieve quick draining, prevents grease from overflowing, prevents pollution environment, environmental protection is reliable；Simultaneously
Pump barrel internal surface protection layer is using amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating coating, by adjusting the composition proportion of electroplate liquid,
Improve the resistance to neutral salt spray, acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting and halophile performance of protective layer；And it joined silicon carbide as addition
Agent improves the acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting and wear-resisting property of protective layer；And by the modification to silicon carbide, improve itself and gold
The binding performance for belonging to component and basis material, improves the compactness of structure, and the acid and alkali-resistance for further improving protective layer is rotten
Erosion and wear-resisting property.
Detailed description of the invention
Here is that the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 is upper partial structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is lower partial structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram at present invention conducting mandril；
In figure: 1. pump barrels；Pump barrel box cupling on 2.；3. lower pump barrel box cupling；4. oil leak hole；5. reducer union；6. plunger；On 7.
Fuel-displaced cover；Travelling cover among 8.；9. intermediate travelling valve seat；10. intermediate travelling valve ball；11. lower travelling cover；12. lower travelling valve seat；
13. lower travelling valve ball；14. apical axis；15. reset spring；16. standing valve cover；17. sealing device；18. fixed valve base；19. draining
Spring；20. pressure cap；21. fixed valve ball；22. mandril is connected；23. lower pressing cap；24. buffer cap；25. buffer spring；26. step.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, together with Fig. 1 is vertically connected with Fig. 2.
A kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy, including pump barrel assembly, travelling valve assembly for plunger, fixation
Valve assembly and conducting drainage device.
Wherein, pump barrel assembly includes pump barrel 1 and the upper pump barrel box cupling 2 and lower pump barrel box cupling that connect respectively with 1 both ends of pump barrel
3, lower pump barrel box cupling 3 is equipped with oil leak hole 4, and the lower end of lower pump barrel box cupling 3 is removably connected with reducer union 5.
In addition, travelling valve assembly for plunger includes plunger 6, upper fuel-displaced cover 7, intermediate travelling valve assembly and lower travelling valve assembly.
Wherein, plunger 6 is movably arranged in pump barrel 1 and moves up and down；Upper fuel-displaced cover 7 is mounted on the top of plunger 6, for transporting oil liquid
To oil pipe；Centre travelling valve assembly and lower travelling valve assembly are successively connect with the lower end of plunger 6；Wherein, intermediate travelling valve is total
At including the intermediate travelling cover 8 connecting with 6 lower end of plunger, the lower end of centre travelling cover 8 is equipped with intermediate travelling valve seat 9, intermediate
Travelling valve seat 9 is equipped with intermediate travelling valve ball 10, and intermediate travelling valve ball 10 is located in intermediate travelling cover 8.Plunger 6 drives intermediate trip
The intermediate travelling valve ball of dynamic valve bonnet 8 and inside does up-down stroke movement.
Above-mentioned lower travelling valve assembly includes the lower travelling cover 11 connect with intermediate 8 lower ends of cover of moving about, lower travelling cover 11 and
Centre travelling cover 8 is threadedly coupled, and intermediate travelling valve seat 9 is mounted on the top of lower travelling cover 11.The lower end installation of lower travelling cover 11
There is lower travelling valve seat 12, is located in the dynamic cover 11 in downstream on lower travelling valve seat 12 and is movably equipped with lower travelling valve ball 13, lower travelling valve ball
Apical axis 14 is movably equipped on 13, the upper end of apical axis 14 is stretched out lower travelling cover 11 and extended to intermediate 12 direction of travelling valve seat, apical axis 14
It is upper to be arranged with reset spring 15 between the dynamic cover 11 in downstream and lower travelling valve ball 13, downstream can be made dynamic by reset spring 15
Valve ball 13 is in close state always, and when inlet valve opens oil inlet, oil liquid opens lower travelling valve ball 13, to compress reset
Spring 15 realizes oil inlet operation.14 one side of apical axis is that lower travelling valve ball 13 play the guiding role, on the other hand can be in draining
Intermediate travelling valve ball 10 is pushed, to open intermediate travelling valve assembly, the conducting of plunger channel is realized, to realize draining.
Fixed valve assembly includes standing valve cover 16, sealing device 17, fixed valve base 18, fixed valve ball 21, draining spring 19
With pressure cap 20.Standing valve cover 16 is movably arranged in lower pump barrel box cupling 3, and the upper surface of standing valve cover 16 passes through lower pump barrel box cupling
Step and lower pump barrel box cupling 3 on 3 are clamped, and such standing valve cover 16 will not move up.It is located at draining on standing valve cover 16
4 two sides of hole are respectively equipped with sealing device 17, and sealing device 17 is the sealing ring that about 4 two sides of oil leak hole are arranged in, and guarantee in this way
Sealing effect.Fixed valve base 18 and pressure cap 20, pressure cap 20 and lower 3 spiral shell of pump barrel box cupling are connected in turn in the lower end of standing valve cover 16
Line connection, fixed valve base 18 are mounted on the top of pressure cap 20.The fixation being equipped on fixed valve base 18 in standing valve cover 16
Valve ball 21 is equipped with draining spring 19 between pressure cap 20 and reducer union 5, can be with by draining spring 19 and ring structure
So that standing valve cover 16 is played buffer function when moving down, prevents the hard collision of conducting mandril and lower travelling valve ball.
It includes the conducting mandril 22 being mounted on standing valve cover 16 that drainage device, which is connected, under the length of conducting mandril 22 is greater than
The axial distance at 11 both ends of travelling cover, when needing draining, when lower travelling valve ball 13 pushes conducting mandril 22, conducting mandril 22 is opened
Lower travelling valve ball 13, meanwhile, the apical axis 14 of 13 upper end of lower travelling valve ball opens intermediate travelling valve ball 10, so as to cause plunger 6
Inner hole conducting, standing valve cover 16, which moves down, at this time opens 4 draining of oil leak hole.
The lower end of lower travelling cover 11 is equipped with lower pressing cap 23, and conducting mandril 22 corresponds to the central hole of lower pressing cap 23.I.e.
Lower pressing cap 23 is threadedly coupled with pump barrel 1, and lower travelling valve seat 12 is mounted on 23 top of lower pressing cap
Centre travelling valve bonnet 8, lower travelling cover 11, plunger 6 and lower pressing cap 23 are slidably connected with the sealing of pump barrel 1 respectively.
It is equipped with buffer cap 24 at the top that mandril 22 is connected, is equipped in buffer cap 24 and delays with what is connected at the top of conducting mandril 22
Spring 25 is rushed, buffering can be played the role of by buffer spring 25, prevents from forming hard collision to lower travelling valve ball 13.
The upper surface of standing valve cover 16 passes through 26 phase of the step clamping being arranged on lower pump barrel box cupling 3, passes through step in this way
26 can be effectively prevented fixed valve pushes it to move up in oil suction, plays position-limiting action.
Working principle: after going into the well when imbibition, under head of liquid effect, well liquid opens fixed valve ball 21 into fixed valve
Cover, liquid stream enter pump barrel 1, while forcing fixed valve ball 21 to rise completion imbibition process can be to fixation due to the effect of step 26
Valve bonnet 16 fixes；When pumping drain, the rapid decrease under the effect of intraluminal fluid column pressure of fixed valve ball 21, seat is in fixation
On valve seat 18, valve is closed rapidly, realizes the discharge opeing process of pump.After rod parting, plunger 6 drive intermediate travelling valve assembly and
Lower travelling valve ball assembly moves down, and until the conducting mandril 22 of the shock standing valve cover 16 of lower travelling valve ball 13, passes through buffer cap first
24 contact with lower travelling valve ball 13, can play the role of first-level buffer by the buffer spring 25 in buffer cap 24, prevent under
Travelling valve ball 13 forms hard collision；Continue to move down by standing valve cover 16 simultaneously, pushes draining spring 19, second level can be played
Buffer function prevents from causing to damage to fixed valve assembly.Open 4 draining of oil leak hole；Opposite, the conducting mandril of standing valve cover 16
It is upper simultaneously on 22 to push up lower travelling valve ball 13, the lower travelling valve assembly being first turned in plunger 6；At this point, lower travelling valve ball 13 is simultaneously
Upper ejection axis 14,14 compression reseting spring 15 of apical axis move up, and by pushing up intermediate travelling valve ball 10 on apical axis 14, then open
The intermediate valve assembly that moves about in plunger 6；At this moment the fluid passage in plunger 6 is fully open, and oil liquid downlink is connected through plunger 6 on pump
Fluid passage, oil leak hole 4 enter oil jacket annulus in.
Embodiment 2
A kind of amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating applied to oil pump sleeve electroplated layer, including main salt, buffer, network
Mixture, conductive salt and deionized water, wherein main salt group becomes nickel sulfate, sodium tungstate and phosphorous acid, and the concentration of three is distinguished
For 120g/L, 20g/L and 10g/L；Buffer is boric acid, concentration 25g/L；Complexing agent is citric acid, and concentration is
20g/L；Conductive salt is sodium sulphate, concentration 30g/L.
Embodiment 3
A kind of amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating applied to oil pump sleeve electroplated layer, including main salt, buffer, network
Mixture, conductive salt and deionized water, wherein main salt group becomes nickel sulfate, sodium tungstate and phosphorous acid, and the concentration of three is distinguished
For 140g/L, 15g/L and 15g/L；Buffer is boric acid, concentration 35g/L；Complexing agent is sodium citrate, and concentration is
30g/L；Conductive salt is sodium sulphate, concentration 20g/L.
Embodiment 4
A kind of amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating applied to oil pump sleeve electroplated layer, including main salt, buffer, network
Mixture, conductive salt and deionized water, wherein main salt group becomes nickel sulfate, sodium tungstate and phosphorous acid, and the concentration of three is distinguished
For 133g/L, 18g/L and 8g/L；Buffer is boric acid, concentration 30g/L；Complexing agent is that citric acid and sodium citrate are pressed
It is configured according to mass ratio 1:2, concentration 26g/L；Conductive salt is sodium sulphate, concentration 24g/L.
Embodiment 5
A kind of amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating applied to oil pump sleeve electroplated layer, on the basis of embodiment 3,
Additive is additionally added in electroplate liquid, additive selects silicon carbide of the average grain diameter in 25-35nm, concentration 6g/L.
Embodiment 6
A kind of amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating applied to oil pump sleeve electroplated layer, on the basis of embodiment 3,
Additive is additionally added in electroplate liquid, additive is modified silicon carbide, concentration 6g/L；Modified silicon carbide is obtained by following steps
It arrives: silicon carbide, deionized water, toluene, Silane coupling agent KH550 being mixed according to weight ratio 4:5:110:5, stirred at 65-75 DEG C
Mix reaction 1.5 hours；Solid product is dried after successively being washed with acetone, deionized water after reaction, flat using being ground to
Equal partial size obtains silicane coupling agent surface grafted silicon carbide in 25-35nm.
Embodiment 7
A kind of amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating applied to oil pump sleeve electroplated layer, on the basis of embodiment 3,
Additive is additionally added in electroplate liquid, additive is modified complex silicon carbide, concentration 6g/L；Modified complex silicon carbide by with
Lower step obtains: according to weight ratio 4:4:5:110:5 by silicon carbide, silicon nitride, deionized water, toluene, Silane coupling agent KH550
Mixing, is stirred to react 2 hours at 68-70 DEG C；Solid product is dried after successively being washed with acetone, deionized water after reaction,
Using average grain diameter is ground in 25-35nm, silicane coupling agent surface grafted complex silicon carbide is obtained.
Embodiment 8
A kind of amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating applied to oil pump sleeve electroplated layer, on the basis of embodiment 5,
Silicane coupling agent surface grafted silicon carbide further includes positive surface charge processing step, processing step are as follows: by surface grafting silicon
Silicon carbide, acetonitrile, ionic liquid [Hmim] HSO4, the azodiisobutyronitrile of alkane coupling agent exist according to weight ratio 6:100:4:0.8
Be uniformly mixed under nitrogen atmosphere, then react 5h under the conditions of 82-86 DEG C, after reaction, solid product successively pass through acetone, go from
It is dried after sub- water washing, using average grain diameter is ground in 25-35nm, obtains the silicon carbide of positive surface charge.
Embodiment 9
A kind of amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating applied to oil pump sleeve electroplated layer, on the basis of embodiment 6,
Silicane coupling agent surface grafted complex silicon carbide further includes positive surface charge processing step, processing step are as follows: connects surface
The branch complex silicon carbide of silane coupling agent, acetonitrile, ionic liquid [Hmim] HSO4, azodiisobutyronitrile are according to weight ratio 6:100:
4:0.8 is uniformly mixed in a nitrogen atmosphere, then 5h is reacted under the conditions of 82-86 DEG C, and after reaction, solid product successively passes through third
It is dried after ketone, deionized water washing, using average grain diameter is ground in 25-35nm, obtains the composite carbon of positive surface charge
SiClx.
Embodiment 10
A kind of electroplating processing process of the oil pump sleeve using above-mentioned amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating, workpieces processing
Successively by electrolytic degreasing, electrochemical etching, activation, deionized water cleaning, plating and heat treatment step processing, specifically such as
Under:
Electrolytic degreasing is handled 10 minutes in 68-70 DEG C of degreasing fluid, and current density control is 5-10A/dm2；Oil removing
Liquid is configured by degreasing powder and water according to mass ratio 5:100；Degreasing powder is by NaOH, Na2CO3 and Na3PO4 according to mass ratio
15-18:25-28:2-4 is configured, and keeps pH between 10-13；
Electrochemical etching is that processing removes oxidation film in the sodium nitrate aqueous solution that molar concentration is 0.5mol/L, and electric current is close
Degree control is 5-10A/dm2；
Activation is to impregnate 60S in the sulfuric acid solution that concentration is 0.4M, to increase metal surface activity；
Plating is respectively adopted in embodiment 1-8 and obtains amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating, and with nickelous carbonate tune pH value
To 2-3,75 DEG C of electroplating temperature, current density 5-10A/dm2, electroplating time is 3 hours；One is plated in pump barrel inner surface by plating
Layer amorphous nickel tungsten phosphorus anticorrosion antiwear protective layer, the protective layer with a thickness of 85 μm.
Heat treatment is to keep the temperature 1.5 hours under 350 DEG C of environment.
Be equipped with after electrolytic degreasing, electrochemical etching and plating step in water-washing step and above-mentioned steps go from
Sub- water cleaning step, purpose are cleaning workpiece, remove the raffinate of previous step.
Amorphous nickel tungsten phosphorus anticorrosion antiwear protective layer obtained above and conventional electronickelling, chemical nickel phosphorus plating are obtained
Protective layer does following experiment respectively, and average experiment data are as follows:
One, the resistance to neutral salt spray of protective coating, acid, alkali performance test results in pump barrel
By comparing above, it is seen that it is equal in neutral salt spray test 300h to obtain nickel tungsten phosphorus coating for electroplate liquid in embodiment 1-8
Unchanged, 5% sulfuric acid solution immersion 300h is unchanged, and 5%Na2S solution immersion 300h is unchanged, and 5%NaOH alkalinity is molten
It is unchanged that liquid impregnates 300h.Electricity by the above experimental data, compared to conventional plating or chemical plating protective layer, in the present invention
The protective layer that electroplate liquid formulation and electroplating technology obtain has better acid-proof alkaline.And pass through verification experimental verification, embodiment
The protective layer that 2-8 is obtained successively extends from on-test to the time of coating light discolouration, and changes in gradient substantially, specifically such as
Under:
Two, protective coating wear-resisting property correlation data in pump barrel
By comparing above, it is seen that electroplate liquid obtains nickel tungsten phosphorus coating in embodiment 1-8, by being ground comparative experiments, nickel
The average abrasion amount of tungsten phosphorus pump barrel is smaller than the abrasion loss of other techniques；And pass through verification experimental verification, the pump barrel that embodiment 1-8 is obtained
Ascendant trend is also presented in the wear-resisting property of protective layer substantially, specific as follows:
It is tested by two above as it can be seen that the addition of silicon carbide, complex silicon carbide can improve coating to a certain extent
Acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting and wear-resisting property；And after silicon carbide and complex silicon carbide modification, can be improved its in coating
Metal component and substrate binding performance, to further increase the acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting and wear-resisting property of coating.
Embodiment 10
Nano bar-shape AlOOH, the quality of nano bar-shape AlOOH and degreasing powder are additionally added in the degreasing fluid in embodiment 9
Than for 1:1.5；Nano bar-shape AlOOH preparation step are as follows: prepare the cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) containing 0.25g/L
With the aqueous solution of the citric acid of 0.14g/L, ultrasonic disperse is uniform, as compound soft template solution, then to compound soft template solution
The urea of the middle aluminum nitrate that 0.15mol/L is added and 0.10mol/L, reacts 2.5h at 80 DEG C, after reaction, makes white precipitate
Object natural subsidence, 3000rpm are centrifuged 7min and remove supernatant, bottom precipitation is dried in vacuo, nano bar-shape AlOOH is obtained.
On the basis of the holding of the step of electrolytic degreasing and embodiment are consistent, 5 minutes are handled in 68-70 DEG C of degreasing fluid just
It can obtain doubling with 10 minutes same effects of oil removing, cleaning efficiency in embodiment 9.Nano bar-shape AlOOH is added
It can be conducive to oil by the adhesive structure between impact damage oil and workpiece and be detached from from workpiece surface；Oil absorbency is provided simultaneously with,
Reduction oil is further contacted with workpiece.Meanwhile according to the technical indicator of the oil pump sleeve obtained after plating processing, for pump
The technical indicator of cylinder has no adverse effect.
The above is only exemplary embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art is possibly also with above-mentioned elaboration
Equivalent technical solution is modified or be revised as to technical solution to the present invention.Therefore, technical solution according to the present invention
Any simple modification carried out or substitute equivalents, belong to the greatest extent the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy characterized by comprising
Pump barrel assembly, the pump barrel assembly include that pump barrel and the upper pump barrel box cupling connecting respectively with pump barrel both ends and lower pump barrel connect
Hoop, the lower pump barrel box cupling are equipped with oil leak hole, and the lower end of the lower pump barrel box cupling is removably connected with reducer union；
Travelling valve assembly for plunger, the travelling valve assembly for plunger include the plunger being movably arranged in pump barrel, are mounted on plunger top
The upper fuel-displaced cover at end, the intermediate travelling valve assembly and lower travelling valve assembly successively being connect with plunger lower end；Wherein, the intermediate trip
Dynamic valve assembly includes the intermediate travelling cover connecting with plunger lower end, and the lower end of the intermediate travelling cover is equipped with intermediate travelling valve
, it is located in intermediate travelling cover in the intermediate travelling valve seat and is movably equipped with intermediate travelling valve ball；The lower travelling valve assembly packet
The lower travelling cover connecting with intermediate cover lower end of moving about is included, the lower end of the lower travelling cover is equipped with lower travelling valve seat, the downstream
It is located in the dynamic cover in downstream on dynamic valve seat and is movably equipped with lower travelling valve ball, apical axis, the top is movably equipped on the lower travelling valve ball
The upper end of axis is stretched out lower travelling cover and is extended to intermediate travelling valve seat direction, and the dynamic cover in downstream and lower travelling valve ball are located on the apical axis
Between be arranged with reset spring；
Fixed valve assembly, the fixed valve assembly includes the standing valve cover being movably arranged in lower pump barrel box cupling, the fixed valve
The upper surface of cover and lower pump barrel box cupling are clamped, and oil leak hole two sides are located on the standing valve cover and are respectively equipped with sealing device, described
The lower end of standing valve cover is connected with fixed valve base and pressure cap in turn, and consolidating in standing valve cover is equipped on the fixed valve base
Determine valve ball, draining spring is installed between the pressure cap and reducer union；
Drainage device is connected, the conducting drainage device includes the conducting mandril being mounted on standing valve cover, the conducting mandril
Length be greater than the axial distance at lower travelling cover both ends, the matching relationship is as follows: the lower travelling valve ball pushes conducting mandril
When, the conducting mandril opens lower travelling valve ball, and the apical axis of lower travelling valve ball upper end opens intermediate travelling valve ball, in the plunger
Hole conducting, the standing valve cover, which moves down, opens oil leak hole draining；
The pump barrel plating inner surface has amorphous nickel tungsten phosphorus anticorrosion antiwear protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is not less than 75 μm；
The plating uses amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating comprising main salt, buffer, complexing agent, conductive salt and deionization
Water, wherein the main salt group becomes nickel sulfate, sodium tungstate and phosphorous acid, the concentration of three is respectively 120-140g/L, 10-
20g/L and 5-15g/L；The buffer is boric acid, concentration 25-35g/L；The complexing agent is citric acid and/or lemon
Lemon acid sodium, concentration are 20-30 g/L；The conductive salt is sodium sulphate, and concentration is 20-30 g/L；
The processing technology of the amorphous nickel tungsten phosphorus anticorrosion antiwear protective layer is as follows:
Workpieces processing successively passes through electrolytic degreasing, electrochemical etching, activation, deionized water cleaning, plating and heat treatment step
Processing,
The electrolytic degreasing is handled 5-10 minutes in 65-75 DEG C of degreasing fluid, and current density control is 5-10A/dm2；Institute
It states degreasing fluid and is configured by degreasing powder and water according to mass ratio 3-5:100；The degreasing powder by NaOH, Na2CO3 and
Na3PO4 is configured according to mass ratio 15-18:25-28:2-4, and keeps pH between 10-13；
The electrochemical etching is that processing removes oxidation film in the sodium nitrate aqueous solution that molar concentration is 0.4~0.5mol/L,
Current density control is 5-10A/dm2；
The activation is impregnated in the sulfuric acid solution that concentration is 0.35-0.4M, to increase metal surface activity；
The plating uses amorphous nickel tungsten cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating, and adjusts pH value to 2-3, electroplating temperature >=70 with nickelous carbonate
DEG C, current density 5-10A/dm2, electroplating time is 3-4 hours；One layer of amorphous nickel tungsten phosphorus is plated in pump barrel inner surface by plating
The thickness of anticorrosion antiwear protective layer, the protective layer is not less than 75 μm；
The heat treatment is to keep the temperature 1-2 hours under 300 DEG C of -400 DEG C of environment.
2. a kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The lower end of lower travelling cover is equipped with lower pressing cap, and the conducting mandril corresponds to the central hole of lower pressing cap；The intermediate travelling valve
Cover, lower travelling cover, plunger and lower pressing cap are slidably connected with pump barrel sealing respectively；The lower travelling cover connects with intermediate travelling cover screw thread
It connects, the intermediate travelling valve seat is mounted on the top of lower travelling cover.
3. a kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described
The top that mandril is connected is equipped with buffer cap, and the buffer spring connecting at the top of conducting mandril is equipped in the buffer cap.
4. a kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The upper surface of standing valve cover passes through the step being arranged on lower pump barrel box cupling and is mutually clamped；The pressure cap and lower pump barrel box cupling screw thread connect
It connects, the fixed valve base is mounted at the top of pressure cap；The lower pressing cap is threadedly coupled with pump barrel, and the lower travelling valve seat is mounted on down
At the top of pressure cap.
5. a kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The concentration of nickel sulfate, sodium tungstate and phosphorous acid is 133 g/L, 18g/L and 8 g/L；The boric acid concentration is 30 g/L；Institute
Stating complexing agent is that citric acid and sodium citrate are configured according to mass ratio 1:2, and concentration is 26 g/L；The sodium sulfate concentration
For 24g/L.
6. a kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Electroplate liquid in be additionally added additive, additive can choose the following two kinds scheme:
The additive is modified silicon carbide, and concentration is 5-8 g/L；The modified silicon carbide is obtained by following steps: being pressed
Silicon carbide, deionized water, toluene, Silane coupling agent KH550 are mixed according to weight ratio 3-5:4-5:100-120:3-6, in 65-75
It DEG C is stirred to react 1-1.5 hours；Solid product is dried after successively being washed with acetone, deionized water after reaction, using grinding
Average grain diameter is milled in 20~50nm, obtains silicane coupling agent surface grafted silicon carbide；
The additive is modified complex silicon carbide, and concentration is 4-6 g/L；The modified complex silicon carbide passes through following step
Suddenly it obtains: according to weight ratio 3-5:2-4:4-5:100-120:3-6 that silicon carbide, silicon nitride, deionized water, toluene, silane is even
Join agent KH550 mixing, is stirred to react at 68-70 DEG C 2-2.5 hours；Solid product successively uses acetone, deionization after reaction
It is dried after water washing, using average grain diameter is ground in 20~50nm, obtains silicane coupling agent surface grafted compound carbonizing
Silicon.
7. a kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The silicane coupling agent surface grafted silicon carbide further includes positive surface charge processing step, processing step are as follows: by table
The silicon carbide of face grafted silane coupling agent, acetonitrile, ionic liquid [Hmim] HSO4, azodiisobutyronitrile are according to weight ratio 5~8:
90~100:3~5:0.7-0.9 is uniformly mixed in a nitrogen atmosphere, then 5-6h is reacted under the conditions of 82-86 DEG C, after reaction,
Solid product is successively dried after acetone, deionized water washing, using average grain diameter is ground in 20~50nm, obtains table
The silicon carbide of face positive charge；
The silicane coupling agent surface grafted complex silicon carbide further includes positive surface charge processing step, processing step are as follows:
By silicane coupling agent surface grafted complex silicon carbide, acetonitrile, ionic liquid [Hmim] HSO4, azodiisobutyronitrile according to weight
It is uniformly mixed in a nitrogen atmosphere than 5~8:90~100:3~5:0.7-0.9, then reacts 5-6h under the conditions of 82-86 DEG C, reacted
After, solid product is successively dried after acetone, deionized water washing, using be ground to average grain diameter 20~
50nm obtains the complex silicon carbide of positive surface charge.
8. a kind of anti-pollution draining oil well pump of nickel tungsten electroplating phosphorus alloy according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described
It is additionally added nano bar-shape AlOOH in degreasing fluid, the mass ratio of the nano bar-shape AlOOH and degreasing powder is 1:1-2；The nanometer
Rodlike AlOOH preparation step are as follows: prepare the lemon of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and 0.14g/L containing 0.25g/L
The aqueous solution of lemon acid, ultrasonic disperse is uniform, and 0.15mol/ is added as compound soft template solution, then into compound soft template solution
The aluminum nitrate of L and the urea of 0.10mol/L react 2.5h at 80 DEG C, after reaction, make white depositions natural subsidence,
3000rpm is centrifuged 7min and removes supernatant, and bottom precipitation is dried in vacuo, nano bar-shape AlOOH is obtained.
9. oil pump sleeve electroplated layer processing technology according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: when being impregnated in the activation
Between be 30-60S；Water-washing step is equipped with after the electrolytic degreasing, electrochemical etching and plating step.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112064073A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-12-11 | 深圳市生利科技有限公司 | Nickel alloy electroplating solution and application thereof |
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