CN109054068A - Using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated membrane modifying method of modifying agent - Google Patents

Using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated membrane modifying method of modifying agent Download PDF

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CN109054068A
CN109054068A CN201810753413.5A CN201810753413A CN109054068A CN 109054068 A CN109054068 A CN 109054068A CN 201810753413 A CN201810753413 A CN 201810753413A CN 109054068 A CN109054068 A CN 109054068A
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polymethyl methacrylate
polymer
modifying
mixed solution
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CN109054068B (en
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童庆松
马莎莎
余欣瑞
胡志刚
廖洁
李颖
席强
祖国晶
童君开
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Fujian Normal University
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04Coating
    • C08J7/0427Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D127/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D127/02Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09D127/12Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • C09D127/16Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene fluoride
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D133/04Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C09D133/06Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
    • C09D133/10Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
    • C09D133/12Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/04Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2323/06Polyethene
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    • C08J2323/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/10Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08J2323/12Polypropene
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    • C08J2427/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2427/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2427/12Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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    • C08J2433/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2433/04Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
    • C08J2433/06Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
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Abstract

The present invention relates to polymethyl methacrylates to the method for modifying of polymer film, preparation step is as follows: acetone and dimethylformamide being mixed to prepare mixed solution according to volume ratio 0.05~12:1 ratio, the coating agent of 1~5% weight of mixed solution weight is added, Kynoar-hexafluoropropene of 1~5% weight and the polymethyl methacrylate of 0.5~2.5% weight are added after supersonic oscillations, obtain thick liquid.Thick liquid will be coated in the surface of basement membrane, be made after vacuum drying or forced air drying using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated film of modifying agent.Cost of the invention is low, simple process, and time-consuming is few, the coating film of preparation is applied to battery system, and the internal resistance of cell can be obviously reduced, and is significantly improved with the matching of the materials such as anode, cathode, electrolyte, the discharge capacity and cycle performance for improving battery, lay a good foundation for industrialization.

Description

Using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated membrane modifying method of modifying agent
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated membrane modifying method of modifying agent, specifically relates to And a kind of preparation method for the coating film that can be used for lithium battery, lithium ion battery, polymer battery and supercapacitor.Belong to electricity The technical field of pond diaphragm preparation.
Technical background
Lithium ion battery has many advantages, such as that big voltage height, capacity, memory-less effect, service life are long, is widely used in mobile electricity In the power tools such as the digital products such as words, digital camera, laptop and electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle.In battery system, Diaphragm plays a part of preventing electrical communication and ion being connected between anode and cathode.Diaphragm has battery performance and safe handling Important role.According to the difference of production technology, battery diaphragm can be divided into film by dry method, wet process film and composite membrane.
In abuse conditions, lithium ion battery is likely to be at 100~300 DEG C of high temperature section, due to polyethylene (PE), gathers Propylene (PP), polyolefin composite film (e.g., PP/PE/PP, PE/PP) at high temperature can contraction distortion, using polyolefin film lithium from There are security risks for sub- battery.For this purpose, nano materials such as coating alumina on polyolefin film both at home and abroad, are made coating film. Organic material makes diaphragm have flexibility in this coating film, meets the requirement of battery assembly.At high temperature, have in coating film The melting of unit branch blocks diaphragm hole to slow down or prevent the reaction of battery and ensures the safety of battery.In coating film In, inorganic material is distributed in diaphragm outer layer, plays the effect of rigid backbone, ensures the safety of lithium ion battery.Coating film one As be made of basement membrane, binder, inorganic nano material.
From the point of view of binder, current coating film generally uses PVDF resin [Hennige V., et al. US 7790321,2010. 7. 9.], polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) [Zhao Jinbao etc., Chinese invention patent, CN 103035866 A, 2013.4.10.], butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) [Park J. H., et al. J. Power Sources, 2010,195 (24): 8306-8310.], silica solution [Lee J. R., et al. J. Power Sources, 2012, 216:42-47.] and Kynoar-hexafluoropropene (PVDF-HFP) [Jeong H. S., et al. Electrochim. The binders such as Acta, 2012,86:317-322.].Sohn etc. is by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Kynoar- Hexafluoropropene (PVDF-HFP) and nanometer Al2O3Mixture as coating agent [Sohn J. Y., et al., J. Solid State Electrochem., 2012,16,551-556.], coat is prepared on PE film.Research has shown that, the knot of PVDF Structure regularity is larger, and macromolecular chain arrangement is close, and there are stronger hydrogen bond, the drawings of polymer for fluorine atom and hydrogen atom in strand It is larger to stretch intensity, compressive strength and impact flexibility.
During long-term charge and discharge cycles, coating film is easy to appear picking phenomenon.In order to improve this phenomenon, Chen etc. [Chen H., et al. Plasma activation and atomic layer deposition of TiO2 on Polypropylene membranes for improved performances of lithium-ion batteries, J. Membr. Sci., 2014,458,217-224.] PP film surface first is handled with plasma technique, then it is coated with TiO2, coating film is made.Studies have shown that corona treatment can be obtained in PP film generates polar group on surface, be conducive to TiO2? Dispersion on membrane surface.The diaphragm of preparation imbibition rate with higher and ionic conductivity, lower percent thermal shrinkage.Using this The lithium ion battery discharge capacity with higher of kind diaphragm assembly and preferable multiplying power discharging property.
By above-mentioned study on the modification, the coating film prepared at present still has problem in battery system.For example, coating film It will increase the internal resistance of cell, the discharge capacity of battery made to be difficult to bring into play.Picking will affect the security performance of battery.Applying coating There are problems with the matching of anode, cathode, electrolyte.
In order to solve the problems, such as that coating film is applied, the compound of the key containing P-O is added in the present invention in coat, according to Compound by the key containing P-O reacts with polyolefin base membrane, forms the coat with the valuable key connection of basement membrane, can significantly improve Binding force in coating film between coat and basement membrane reduces the internal resistance of cell, the discharge capacity of battery is allowed to give full play of.This Outside, the wetability of the compound of the key containing P-O is stronger, strong to the affinity of electrolyte.With the matching of anode, cathode, electrolyte It is good, hence it is evident that improve the performance of coating film.
Summary of the invention
The technical solution adopted in the present invention comprises the steps of:
In a kettle, according to volume ratio (0.05~12): 1 ratio by acetone and dimethylformamide be mixed to prepare mixing it is molten Liquid.Be added mixed solution weight 1~5% weight coating agent, 5~30 min of supersonic oscillations, be made be uniformly mixed it is suspended Liquid.Kynoar-hexafluoropropene of 1~5% weight of mixed solution weight is added in suspension, adds mixed solution The polymethyl methacrylate of 0.5~2.5% weight of weight.10~50min of supersonic oscillations.At 60~95 DEG C stirring 8~ 12 h make solution in reaction kettle be changed into thick liquid.Basement membrane is laid on aluminium sheet, thick liquid is coated in the table of basement membrane Face, in the drying of any Temperature Vacuum or forced air drying of 70~120 DEG C of temperature ranges, being made with polymethyl methacrylate is to change The polymer-coated film of property agent.
The coating agent be partial size the zinc aluminophosphate of the μ m of 1nm~5, four water trbasic zinc phosphates or containing zinc 50.5~ The trbasic zinc phosphate of 52wt% range.
Kynoar-the hexafluoropropene is Kynoar-six of the average molecular weight in 100~3,000,000 ranges Fluoropropene.
The polymethyl methacrylate is polymethyl methacrylate of the average molecular weight in 60~1,600,000 ranges.
The basement membrane is monofilm or multilayer film containing polypropylene or polyethylene layer.
The multilayer film is the diaphragm that the number of plies is formed in the monofilm of 2~10 ranges.
Cost of material of the invention is lower, and preparation process is simple, easy to operate, and time-consuming is few, and the coating film of preparation is applied to The internal resistance of cell can be obviously reduced in battery system, be significantly improved with the matching of the materials such as anode, cathode, electrolyte, increase The big performance of the discharge capacity of battery, improves the cycle performance of battery, lays a good foundation for industrialization.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the basement membrane of the coating film of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and the infrared figure of coating bed boundary.
Fig. 2 is the resistance for not recycling sample and the sample by 40 cycle charge-discharges of button cell prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 Anti- figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further detailed below with reference to embodiment.Embodiment is only to further supplement of the invention And explanation, rather than the limitation to invention.
Embodiment 1
In a kettle, according to volume ratio 4:1 mixing acetone and dimethylformamide, mixed solution is obtained.Mixed solution is added Uniformly mixed suspension is made in 1.25% weight and 5 μm of partial size of zinc aluminophosphate of weight, 20 min of supersonic oscillations.Outstanding 2% weight of mixed solution weight and Kynoar-hexafluoropropene of average molecular weight 1,500,000 are added in turbid, adds mixed Close 1% weight of solution weight and the polymethyl methacrylate of average molecular weight 800,000, supersonic oscillations 25min.At 80 DEG C 9 h are stirred, solution in reaction kettle is made to be changed into thick liquid.It, will be sticky after polypropylene monofilm (with a thickness of 10 μm) tiling Liquid carries out single side coating on the surface of polypropylene monofilm, and coating thickness is 5 μm, is dried in vacuo at 80 DEG C, be made with Polymethyl methacrylate is the polymer-coated film of modifying agent.
Li will be formed1.05Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2Tertiary cathode material, acetylene black and the PVDF binder of type are according to 85:10: 5 weight ratio weighs, and using N-Methyl pyrrolidone as grinding aid, uniform sizing material is made in ball milling mixing 3h.Uniform sizing material is coated In aluminum foil current collector, positive plate is made after drying.Lithium metal, the coating film of preparation, positive plate, battery case and electrolyte are set In the glove box full of argon atmosphere, it is assembled into CR2025 type button cell.To preparation on new Weir battery test system Button cell carry out charge and discharge and cycle performance test.Test temperature is room temperature (25 ± 1 DEG C).The section of charge and discharge is 2.5 ~4.3V.Charge and discharge cycles experiment carries out under 1C multiplying power electric current.Charge-discharge test shows putting for the circulation of sample the 1st of preparation Capacitance is 165mAh/g.
Embodiment 2
In a kettle, according to volume ratio 0.05:1 mixing acetone and dimethylformamide, mixed solution is obtained.It is molten that mixing is added Uniformly mixed suspension is made in 1% weight of liquid weight and the zinc aluminophosphate of partial size 1nm, supersonic oscillations 5min.Suspended 1% weight of mixed solution weight and Kynoar-hexafluoropropene of average molecular weight 1,000,000 are added in liquid.Add mixing 0.5% weight of solution weight and the polymethyl methacrylate of average molecular weight 600,000, supersonic oscillations 10min.At 60 DEG C 8 h are stirred, solution in reaction kettle is made to be changed into thick liquid.After polyethylene monolayer film tiling, thick liquid is coated in poly- second It on the outer surface of alkene monofilm, is dried in vacuo at 70 DEG C, is made and is applied by the polymer of modifying agent of polymethyl methacrylate Overlay film.
Embodiment 3
In a kettle, according to volume ratio 12:1 mixing acetone and dimethylformamide, mixed solution is made.Mixed solution is added Uniformly mixed suspension is made in 5% weight of weight and 1 μm of partial size of four water trbasic zinc phosphates, supersonic oscillations 30min.Suspended 5% weight of mixed solution weight and Kynoar-hexafluoropropene of average molecular weight 3,000,000 are added in liquid, adds mixing 2.5% weight of solution weight and the polymethyl methacrylate of average molecular weight 1,600,000, supersonic oscillations 50min.At 95 DEG C 12 h are stirred, solution in reaction kettle is made to be changed into thick liquid.After the tiling of PP/PE/PP multilayer film, thick liquid is coated in more It on two surfaces of tunic, is dried in vacuo, is made using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated of modifying agent at 120 DEG C Film.
Embodiment 4
In a kettle, according to volume ratio 1:1 mixing acetone and dimethylformamide, mixed solution is obtained.Mixed solution is added Uniformly mixed suspension is made in 0.83% weight of weight and the four water trbasic zinc phosphates of partial size 10nm, 5 min of supersonic oscillations.? 1% weight of mixed solution weight and Kynoar-hexafluoropropene of average molecular weight 2,000,000 are added in suspension, adds 1% weight of mixed solution weight and the polymethyl methacrylate of average molecular weight 800,000, supersonic oscillations 20min.At 60 DEG C 10 h are stirred, solution in reaction kettle is made to be changed into thick liquid.After the multilayer film tiling of PP/PE, thick liquid is coated in more On the surface PP of tunic, the forced air drying at 90 DEG C is made using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated film of modifying agent.
Embodiment 5
In a kettle, according to volume ratio 0.1:1 mixing acetone and dimethylformamide, mixed solution is obtained.It is molten that mixing is added 2% weight of liquid weight and the trbasic zinc phosphate of the 50.5wt% containing zinc of partial size 10nm, 15 min of supersonic oscillations, be made be uniformly mixed Suspension.5% weight of mixed solution weight and Kynoar-hexafluoro third of average molecular weight 3,000,000 are added in suspension Alkene adds 1.4% weight of mixed solution weight and the polymethyl methacrylate of average molecular weight 1,000,000, supersonic oscillations 15min.In 95 DEG C of 9 h of stirring, solution in reaction kettle is made to be changed into thick liquid.After the tiling of PP/PP multilayer film, by thick liquid On two surfaces coated in multilayer film, the forced air drying at 60 DEG C is made using polymethyl methacrylate as the poly- of modifying agent Close object coating film.
Embodiment 6
In a kettle, according to volume ratio 12:1 mixing acetone and dimethylformamide, mixed solution is obtained.Mixed solution is added Uniformly mixed suspension is made in 2% weight of weight and the four water trbasic zinc phosphates of grain diameter 50nm, supersonic oscillations 5min.? Kynoar-hexafluoropropene of 2.5% weight of addition mixed solution weight and average molecular weight 1,000,000 in suspension, then plus Enter 2.5% weight of mixed solution weight and the polymethyl methacrylate of average molecular weight 600,000, supersonic oscillations 50min.? 80 DEG C of stirring 8h, make solution in reaction kettle be changed into thick liquid.After the tiling of polypropylene screen monofilm, thick liquid is coated in It on two surfaces of monofilm, is dried in vacuo at 120 DEG C, is made and is applied by the polymer of modifying agent of polymethyl methacrylate Overlay film.
Embodiment 7
In a kettle, according to volume ratio 5:1 mixing acetone and dimethylformamide, mixed solution is obtained.Mixed solution is added It is equal that mixing is made in 1.25% weight of weight and the trbasic zinc phosphate of the 52wt% containing zinc of 3 μ nm of grain diameter, 30 min of supersonic oscillations Even suspension.1% weight of mixed solution weight and the Kynoar-six of average molecular weight 2,800,000 are added in suspension Fluoropropene adds 2% weight of mixed solution weight and the polymethyl methacrylate of average molecular weight 1,600,000, ultrasonic wave vibration Swing 50min.In 80 DEG C of 12 h of stirring, solution in reaction kettle is made to be changed into thick liquid.It, will be sticky after the tiling of PP/PE multilayer film Liquid is coated on the surface PE of multilayer film, the forced air drying at 100 DEG C, is made using polymethyl methacrylate as modifying agent Polymer-coated film.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated membrane modifying method of modifying agent, it is characterised in that preparation step It is as follows:
In a kettle, according to volume ratio (0.05~12): mixed solution is made in 1 mixing acetone and dimethylformamide;It is added Uniformly mixed suspension is made in the coating agent of 1~5% weight of mixed solution weight, 5~30 min of supersonic oscillations;Outstanding Kynoar-hexafluoropropene of 1~5% weight of mixed solution weight is added in turbid;Add mixed solution weight The polymethyl methacrylate of 0.5~2.5% weight;10~50min of supersonic oscillations;8~12 h are stirred at 60~95 DEG C, Solution in reaction kettle is set to be changed into thick liquid;Basement membrane is laid on aluminium sheet, and thick liquid is coated in a surface of basement membrane Or on two surfaces, in the drying of any Temperature Vacuum or forced air drying of 70~120 DEG C of temperature ranges, it is made with polymethyl Sour methyl esters is the polymer-coated film of modifying agent.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated membrane modifying side of modifying agent Method, it is characterised in that the coating agent is that partial size exists in the zinc aluminophosphate of the μ m of 1nm~5, four water trbasic zinc phosphates or containing zinc The trbasic zinc phosphate of 50.5~52wt% range.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated membrane modifying side of modifying agent Method, it is characterised in that the Kynoar-hexafluoropropene is polyvinylidene fluoride of the average molecular weight in 100~3,000,000 ranges Alkene-hexafluoropropene.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated membrane modifying side of modifying agent Method, it is characterised in that the polymethyl methacrylate is polymethylacrylic acid of the average molecular weight in 60~1,600,000 ranges Methyl esters.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated membrane modifying side of modifying agent Method, it is characterised in that the basement membrane is monofilm or multilayer film containing polypropylene or polyethylene layer.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of using polymethyl methacrylate as the polymer-coated membrane modifying side of modifying agent Method, it is characterised in that the multilayer film is the diaphragm that the number of plies is formed in the monofilm of 2~10 ranges.
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