CN109053339A - A kind of low-density and high-strength explosive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of low-density and high-strength explosive and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109053339A
CN109053339A CN201811252907.1A CN201811252907A CN109053339A CN 109053339 A CN109053339 A CN 109053339A CN 201811252907 A CN201811252907 A CN 201811252907A CN 109053339 A CN109053339 A CN 109053339A
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China
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density
low
strength
explosive
rdx
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CN109053339B (en
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蔡贾林
罗观
黄蓉
于海江
黄明
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Institute of Chemical Material of CAEP
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/009—Wetting agents, hydrophobing agents, dehydrating agents, antistatic additives, viscosity improvers, antiagglomerating agents, grinding agents and other additives for working up

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of low-density and high-strength explosives, are prepared by the raw material components of following parts by weight: single chmical compound explosive: 45~55 parts, diluent A:18~21 part, diluent B:20~23 part, high-ductility bonding agent: 2~4 parts, high-strength bonding agent: 3~5 parts, dispersing agent: 1~3 part, surfactant: 0.01 part, bonding agent: 0.1~0.3 part.The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the low-density and high-strength explosive.The present invention is by using fluorubber F2311And F2314Matched mode can be improved the intensity of formula, can reduce the density of formula by using diluent ethyl acetate and the matched mode of butyl acetate.

Description

A kind of low-density and high-strength explosive and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energetic materials, and in particular to a kind of low-density and high-strength explosive and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Low density explosive is a kind of composite explosives, its main feature is that density is low, so its power, impact involve wave impedance all compared with Low, due to its unique characteristic, low density explosive is widely used in the special blastings fields such as mining, metallic explosive processing, welding. Common low density explosive is added certain explosives to foam by the polymer of foam and is made, density is lower but the type it is low close The intensity of degree explosive is relatively low, and explosive is subjected to certain pressure in special blasting engineering, to low density explosive Intensity proposes certain requirement.In recent years China achieves very fast progress in civil blast explosive field, has developed with more The rendrock of characteristic performance and purposes, however it is few for the report of low-density and high-strength explosive and preparation method thereof at present.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, provides a kind of while having the characteristics that low-density and high intensity Composite explosives, so as to meet the needs of special blasting operation.
The present invention is implemented as follows:
A kind of low-density and high-strength explosive, is prepared by the raw material components of following parts by weight:
Single chmical compound explosive: 45~55 parts, diluent A:18~21 part, diluent B:20~23 part, high-ductility bonding agent: 2~4 Part, high-strength bonding agent: 3~5 parts, dispersing agent: 1~3 part, surfactant: 0.01 part, bonding agent: 0.1~0.3 part.
The single chmical compound explosive is heisuojin (RDX), average particle size are as follows: 15~25 μm；
The diluent A is ethyl acetate；
The diluent B is butyl acetate；
The high-ductility bonding agent is fluorubber F2311；
The high-strength bonding agent is fluorubber F2314, granularity is 10~20 μm of powdered granules；
The dispersing agent is styrene；
The surfactant is soybean lecithin；
The bonding agent is LBA322.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the low-density and high-strength explosive, mainly comprise the steps that
Step A: fluorubber F is quantitatively weighed2311, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, by F2311Rubber shreds and acetic acid second is added In ester and butyl acetate mixed liquor, 2~3h of return stirring, obtains F at normal temperature2311Solution, and seal spare.
Step B: quantitatively weighing RDX, styrene, LBA322, soybean lecithin, then adds LBA322, soybean lecithin Enter in styrene, 2~5min is stirred, and RDX is added in acquired solution and continues 5~10min of stirring, so that bonding agent, table Face activating agent, dispersing agent are tentatively mixed with RDX, obtain RDX mixed liquor.
Step C: mixing is carried out by the way of being fed in batches and mediating: first: whole F2311Solution, half RDX mixed liquor, at normal temperature mediate 5~7min；Second batch puts into the RDX mixed liquor, whole of remaining half F2314Powder, 70 ± 5 DEG C at a temperature of mediate two sections, every section of 10~15min, every section after shut down cleaning kneader blade And material at dead angle.
Step D: by the direct filling of the material mixed in mold.
Step E: material is put into vacuum sealed box together with mold, in vacuum degree≤- 0.080Mpa, places 3~5h.
Step F: material is put into 40 ± 5 DEG C of insulating box together with mold, heats 3~5h, die sinking, cleaning surface to obtain the final product Required explosive.
For the present invention by selecting heisuojin (RDX) to make main body explosive, that improves explosive is initiated ability, by selecting army of state 5 class particles (i.e. average particle size are as follows: 15~25 μm) is marked, RDX layering is can avoid, improves the density uniformity of explosive system；
By diluent A ethyl acetate, fluorubber F can be improved2311Solubility, improve F2311Dispersion in formula is equal Even property.
By diluent B butyl acetate, butyl acetate and F2311Binding force is less than ethyl, in formula butyl acetate It is more easier to volatilize, butyl acetate energy preferential volatilization forms micropore in later period diluent volatilisation step, conducive to the close of explosive is reduced Degree
By by fluorubber F2311As high tenacity binder, one side F2311It is easily prepared at solution, another aspect F2311 Toughness is preferable, and can avoid diluent volatilization in formula cracks explosive.
By the fluorubber F for selecting powdered granule2314For high-strength binder, one side F2314Intensity is higher to can be improved explosive Intensity, while by F2314Particle is scattered in explosive formulation, can be played a supporting role at the node of microscopic voids, in conjunction with The F of high tenacity2311The two can form the support construction of soft or hard combination, further increase the intensity of formula.
By selecting styrene for dispersing agent, by styrene RDX crystal grain invade profit effect can prevent from destroying it is former RDX fine particle groups aggressiveness in material improves the dispersing uniformity of RDX in formula.
Explosive surface can be made to form porous high hard formation as early as possible in such a way that first normal-temperature vacuum removes diluent, be internal dilute The removing for releasing agent provides channel, then improves diluent volatilization efficiency by heating method again.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is below the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention is by using fluorubber F2311And F2314Matched mode can be improved the intensity of formula, by using dilute It releases agent ethyl acetate and the matched mode of butyl acetate can reduce the density of formula.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of low-density and high-strength explosive, formula composition (parts by weight) are as follows: RDX:50 parts, ethyl acetate: 19 parts, second Acid butyl ester: 22 parts, F2311: 3 parts, F2314: 4 parts, styrene: 1.7 parts, soybean lecithin: 0.01 part, LBA322:0.3 parts；
RDX average particle size are as follows: 15~25 μm；
F2314Use granularity for 10~20 μm of powdered granules；
The preparation method of the low-density and high-strength explosive, mainly comprises the steps that
Step A: fluorubber F is quantitatively weighed2311, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, by F2311Rubber shreds and acetic acid second is added In ester and butyl acetate mixed liquor, return stirring 2h, obtains F at normal temperature2311Solution, and seal.
Step B: quantitatively weighing RDX, styrene, LBA322, soybean lecithin, then adds LBA322, soybean lecithin Enter in styrene, stir 3min, and will acquired solution be added RDX in continue stir 7min so that bonding agent, surfactant, Dispersing agent is tentatively mixed with RDX.
Step C: mixing is carried out by the way of being fed in batches and mediating: first: whole F2311Solution, half RDX mixed liquor, mediate 5min at normal temperature；Second batch puts into the RDX mixed liquor of remaining half, whole F2314Powder End, 75 DEG C at a temperature of mediate two sections, every section of 10min, every section after shut down cleaning kneader blade and dead angle at material.
Step D: by the direct filling of the material mixed in mold.
Step E: material is put into vacuum sealed box together with mold, when vacuum degree is -0.085Mpa, places 3h.
Step F: material is put into 40 DEG C of insulating box together with mold, heats 4h, die sinking, cleaning surface are up to required fried Medicine.
The indices of gained low-density and high-strength explosive are as follows:
(1) actual density ρ=0.85g/cm of medicine block3；
(2) medicine block shore hardness: 86；
(3) powder column compression strength: 8.8MPa；
(4) the actual measurement explosion velocity D=4157m/s of medicine block；
(5) explosive initiation is experiments have shown that the present invention can be by reliable initiation, cut off diameter≤150mm；
(6) the heating every 5g sample discharge quantity of 48h is 0.08mL at 100 DEG C of explosive.
Embodiment 2
A kind of low-density and high-strength explosive, formula composition (parts by weight) are as follows: RDX:54 parts, ethyl acetate: 18 parts, second Acid butyl ester: 20 parts, F2311: 2 parts, F2314: 4 parts, styrene: 1.8 parts, soybean lecithin: 0.01 part, LBA322:0.2 parts；
RDX average particle size are as follows: 15~25 μm；
F2314Use granularity for 10~20 μm of powdered granules；
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
The indices of gained low-density and high-strength explosive are as follows:
(1) actual density ρ=0.88g/cm of medicine block3；
(2) medicine block shore hardness: 87；
(3) powder column compression strength: 9.0MPa；
(4) the actual measurement explosion velocity D=4264m/s of medicine block；
(5) explosive initiation is experiments have shown that the present invention can be by reliable initiation, cut off diameter≤150mm；
(6) the heating every 5g sample discharge quantity of 48h is 0.08mL at 100 DEG C of explosive.
Although reference be made herein to invention has been described for explanatory embodiment of the invention, and above-described embodiment is only this hair Bright preferable embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments, it should be appreciated that those skilled in the art Member can be designed that a lot of other modification and implementations, these modifications and implementations will fall in principle disclosed in the present application Within scope and spirit.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of low-density and high-strength explosive, it is characterised in that be prepared by the raw material components of following parts by weight:
Single chmical compound explosive: 45~55 parts, diluent A:18~21 part, diluent B:20~23 part, high-ductility bonding agent: 2~4 parts, height Strong bonding agent: 3~5 parts, dispersing agent: 1~3 part, surfactant: 0.01 part, bonding agent: 0.1~0.3 part.
2. low-density and high-strength explosive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The single chmical compound explosive is heisuojin RDX, average particle size are as follows: 15~25 μm.
3. low-density and high-strength explosive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The diluent A is ethyl acetate.
4. low-density and high-strength explosive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The diluent B is butyl acetate.
5. low-density and high-strength explosive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The high-ductility bonding agent is fluorubber F2311。
6. low-density and high-strength explosive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The high-strength bonding agent is fluorubber F2314, granularity is 10~20 μm of powdered granules.
7. low-density and high-strength explosive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The dispersing agent is styrene.
8. low-density and high-strength explosive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The surfactant is soybean lecithin.
9. low-density and high-strength explosive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The bonding agent is LBA322.
10. the preparation method of low-density and high-strength explosive described in claim 1 to 9 any claim, it is characterised in that including Following steps:
Step A: fluorubber F is quantitatively weighed2311, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, by F2311Rubber shred and be added ethyl acetate and In butyl acetate mixed liquor, 2~3h of return stirring, obtains F at normal temperature2311Solution, and seal spare；
Step B: quantitatively weighing RDX, styrene, LBA322, soybean lecithin, and benzene then is added in LBA322, soybean lecithin In ethylene, 2~5min is stirred, and RDX is added in acquired solution and continues 5~10min of stirring, so that bonding agent, surface are lived Property agent, dispersing agent are tentatively mixed with RDX, obtain RDX mixed liquor；
Step C: mixing is carried out by the way of being fed in batches and mediating: first: whole F2311The RDX of solution, half Mixed liquor mediates 5~7min at normal temperature；Second batch puts into the RDX mixed liquor of remaining half, whole F2314Powder End, 70 ± 5 DEG C at a temperature of mediate two sections, every section of 10~15min, every section after shut down cleaning kneader blade and dead angle Locate material；
Step D: by the direct filling of the material mixed in mold；
Step E: material is put into vacuum sealed box together with mold, in vacuum degree≤- 0.080Mpa, places 3~5h；
Step F: material is put into 40 ± 5 DEG C of insulating box together with mold, heats 3~5h, die sinking, cleaning surface are up to required Explosive.
CN201811252907.1A 2018-10-25 2018-10-25 Low-density high-strength explosive and preparation method thereof Active CN109053339B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110683922A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-01-14 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 RDX-based network explosive ink and preparation method thereof

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CN104649850A (en) * 2015-02-09 2015-05-27 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 High polymer bonded explosive enhancing mechanical properties with nanoparticles and preparation method of high polymer bonded explosive
CN106083498A (en) * 2016-06-06 2016-11-09 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 A kind of high rigidity explosive and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6126763A (en) * 1998-12-01 2000-10-03 Atlantic Research Corporation Minimum smoke propellant composition
CN104649850A (en) * 2015-02-09 2015-05-27 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 High polymer bonded explosive enhancing mechanical properties with nanoparticles and preparation method of high polymer bonded explosive
CN106083498A (en) * 2016-06-06 2016-11-09 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 A kind of high rigidity explosive and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110683922A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-01-14 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 RDX-based network explosive ink and preparation method thereof
CN110683922B (en) * 2019-11-19 2021-07-27 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 RDX-based network explosive ink and preparation method thereof

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