CN109049491B - Capsule assembly for spherical pressure accumulator of servo mechanism and forming die and forming method thereof - Google Patents
Capsule assembly for spherical pressure accumulator of servo mechanism and forming die and forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109049491B CN109049491B CN201810997543.3A CN201810997543A CN109049491B CN 109049491 B CN109049491 B CN 109049491B CN 201810997543 A CN201810997543 A CN 201810997543A CN 109049491 B CN109049491 B CN 109049491B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/02—Transfer moulding, i.e. transferring the required volume of moulding material by a plunger from a "shot" cavity into a mould cavity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/40—Removing or ejecting moulded articles
- B29C45/43—Removing or ejecting moulded articles using fluid under pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3097—Cosmonautical vehicles; Rockets
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Abstract
The invention relates to a capsule assembly for a spherical pressure accumulator of a servo mechanism, a forming die and a forming method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of pressure accumulators of servo mechanisms. The spherical capsule component with a special structure is designed for the spherical pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism, namely the spherical metal-rubber capsule component (spherical capsule and spring wound steel wire) is designed into a structure, the spherical capsule component consists of the spherical capsule, a metal framework and the spring wound steel wire, and the spherical capsule component is used for the spherical pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism and has the advantages of large discharge capacity, quick start, light weight, high reliability, long one-time inflation and pressure maintaining time, long service life and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a capsule assembly for a spherical accumulator of a servo mechanism, a forming die and a forming method thereof, which belong to the technical field of the accumulator of the servo mechanism, and mainly relate to a structural design technology and a processing and forming technology of the spherical capsule combined die for the spherical accumulator of the aerospace delivery and weapon servo mechanism; comprises a spherical capsule forming die structure design technology for a spherical accumulator of a servo mechanism, a product processing and forming technology, and a material selection, determination and processing technology for a die.
Background
At present, the pressure accumulation period of a servo mechanism of an aerospace delivery and weapon system adopts the structural form of a piston type pressure accumulator, the piston type pressure accumulator adopts a sealing ring structure, the pressure maintaining time is short, the discharge amount is small, the discharge is slow, the air supplement is required to be continuously carried out, in addition, the piston type pressure accumulator has large volume and large weight, the miniaturization and light design of the existing aerospace delivery and weapon system are not facilitated, the pressure maintaining pressure is low, and the leakage is easy.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the capsule assembly is used for the spherical pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism and has the advantages of large discharge capacity, quick start, light weight, high reliability, long one-time inflation and pressure maintaining time, long service life and the like.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a capsule assembly for a spherical pressure accumulator of a servo mechanism comprises a spherical capsule, a metal framework and a steel wire, wherein the spherical capsule is of a spherical structure with an opening at one end, a groove matched with the metal framework structure is formed in the top end of the spherical structure, the metal framework is embedded into the groove and is tightly matched with the groove, an annular bulge is arranged on the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule, and the steel wire is wound on the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule after the spherical capsule is arranged in a spherical cavity of the pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism; the spherical capsule is made of rubber materials.
In the capsule assembly for the servo mechanism ball pressure accumulator, the wall thickness from the middle part to the top end of the ball-shaped capsule is gradually reduced, and the wall thickness from the middle part to the opening end is uniform;
in the capsule assembly for the servo mechanism ball pressure accumulator, the wall thickness from the middle part to the top end of the ball-shaped capsule is uniformly reduced to 2mm from 2.5 mm; the wall thickness from the middle part to the opening end is 3-5 mm;
in the above capsule assembly for a servo mechanism ball pressure accumulator, the plane of the annular projection passes through the spherical center of the ball-shaped capsule;
in the above capsule assembly for a servo ball accumulator, the rubber material of the ball capsule is epichlorohydrin rubber, nitrile rubber or butyl rubber;
in the capsule assembly for the spherical pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism, the metal framework is in a dumbbell shape, and the top end of the metal framework is provided with a fabrication hole for fixing;
in the capsule assembly for the spherical pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism, the steel wire is wound on the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule for 3-5 circles;
in the capsule assembly for the spherical pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism, the metal framework is embedded into the groove at the top end of the spherical capsule and is tightly matched with the groove through bonding glue to form an integrated structure, and the metal framework is made of stainless steel materials;
in the above-described capsule assembly for a servo ball accumulator, the metal skeleton is embedded in a groove at the top end of the ball capsule and bonded in the groove by the kelvin 250.
In the capsule assembly for the spherical pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism, the steel wire is made of carbon steel, and two ends of the steel wire are made of red copper;
a forming die for a capsule assembly of a spherical pressure accumulator of a servo mechanism comprises a forming female die, a forming male die, a core column, a screw plug wire and a rubber pressing cover; the forming female die comprises a lower template, a middle die and an upper die;
the core column comprises an upper cone and a lower cylinder, a side hole is formed in the conical part, a through hole is formed in the center of the core column, the diameter of the top end of the cone is small, the diameter of the bottom end of the cone is large, and the diameter of the cylinder is smaller than that of the bottom end of the cone; the side hole of the conical part is used for exhausting gas in the glue injection process;
the lower die plate is provided with a groove, the cylindrical part of the core column is embedded into the groove of the lower die plate, and the cylindrical part of the core column is matched with the groove of the lower die plate and is in interference fit;
the screw plugging wire comprises a small cylinder at the upper part, a cone at the middle part and a cylinder at the lower part, wherein the small cylinder at the upper part and the cylinder at the lower part are in transition connection through the cone at the middle part; the cylinder of the lower part is provided with an external thread; the screw plugging wire is positioned above the core column;
the forming male die is a ball core, a hollow part is arranged in the ball core, one part of the hollow part is provided with an internal thread to be matched with the screw plugging, and the other part of the hollow part is matched with the conical part of the core column;
the part above the spherical center of the spherical capsule is an upper die;
the top end of the upper die is provided with a glue injection cavity, the central position of the bottom end of the upper die (namely the top end of the forming male die) is provided with a screw through hole, the screw through hole is used for installing a metal framework, two sides of the screw through hole are respectively provided with a glue injection through hole, and the glue injection through holes on the two sides are used for injecting glue;
and the glue pressing cover is used for pressing glue liquid during glue injection, so that the glue liquid flows into a molded surface between the molding female die and the molding male die through the glue injection through hole to form a capsule.
A method of forming a bladder assembly for a servo ball accumulator, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) placing the middle die on a lower die plate, installing the core column on the lower die plate, and connecting a cylinder at the bottom end of the core column with the lower die plate in an interference fit manner;
(2) screwing the screw blocking thread into the ball core through the external thread, and installing the ball core with the screw blocking thread above the core column;
(3) installing an upper die above a middle die until the upper die, the middle die and a lower template form a forming female die of the capsule;
(4) placing a rubber blank into a rubber injection cavity of the upper die, applying pressure by using a rubber pressing cover to enable the rubber blank to be injected into a molded surface between the molding female die and the molding male die through the rubber injection through hole, and forming a capsule after the rubber blank is vulcanized and molded;
(5) opening a glue pressing cover, taking down the upper die from the lower die plate, separating the lower die plate, the core column and the middle die, taking down the middle die, and finally taking down the screw plug wire from the ball core;
(6) and (5) screwing an air tap into the internal thread of the ball core in the rest part in the step (5), and pumping air pressure of 0.1-0.5MPa to expand the spherical capsule and blow off the ball core by the air pressure to obtain the spherical capsule assembly product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the spherical capsule component with a special structure is designed for the spherical pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism, namely the spherical metal-rubber capsule component (spherical capsule and spring wound steel wire) is designed into a structure, the spherical capsule component consists of a spherical capsule, a metal framework and a spring wound steel wire, and the spherical capsule component is used for the spherical pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism and has the advantages of large discharge capacity, quick start, light weight, high reliability, long one-time inflation and pressure maintaining time, long service life and the like;
(2) the upper half part of the spherical capsule structure is designed into a uniform transition (from thick to thin) structural form, so that the stress bending condition of the capsule structure is improved, and the service life of the capsule is structurally prolonged and improved; the lower half part is designed to be uniform in thickness, and plays roles of fixing support and auxiliary sealing; the sealing structure of the opening end of the spherical capsule is basically a flange type static seal, and the design technical requirements of static pressure (8MPa) airtight seal and dynamic pressure (0-21 MPa and 14-21 MPa) seal are met by determining the seal compression amount, tightening the number, specification and assembling torque value of bolts;
(3) the metal structure process part is additionally arranged on the top of the spherical capsule structure, so that the service function of the capsule is structurally improved, and the service life of the dynamic flexing work of the capsule is further prolonged;
(4) the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule is additionally provided with a spring wound steel wire structure, so that the use function of the capsule is further improved, the upper half part of the capsule is ensured to freely turn over in the dynamic working process, and the lower half part of the capsule is fixedly supported and immovable and is sealed in an auxiliary manner. The structure further avoids the phenomenon that a small amount of gas in the capsule permeates into oil along the gaps among the opening part, the outer surface of the lower half part of the capsule and the shell to generate 'air pockets'; or a small amount of oil permeates into the mouth part from the opposite direction to the air cavity;
(5) the metal-epichlorohydrin rubber adhesive adopted by the invention is an adhesive (Kernel 250), is applied to aerospace transportation and other types for the first time, has strong pertinence and good use effect, and replaces the original commonly used sodium Ricker adhesive in China, so that the precedent that the Kernel series adhesive is commonly applied to aerospace types is created.
(6) The dynamic and static sealing performance tests of the capsule test piece show that: when the capsule is filled into a servo mechanism pressure accumulator, the capsule meets the requirements of a servo mechanism dictionary and a life test and multiple flight test and examination; the capsule assembly for a servo ball accumulator can achieve the following criteria:
(7) the invention relates to a capsule assembly for a spherical pressure accumulator of a servo mechanism, which comprises a spherical capsule, a metal framework and a steel wire, wherein the spherical capsule is of a spherical structure with an opening at one end, the top end of the spherical structure is provided with a groove matched with the metal framework structure, the metal framework is embedded into the groove and is tightly matched with the groove, the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule is provided with an annular bulge, and the steel wire is wound on the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule after the spherical capsule is arranged in a spherical cavity of the pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism; the spherical capsule is made of rubber materials, the wall thickness from the middle part of the spherical capsule to the top end is gradually reduced, the wall thickness from the middle part to the opening end is uniform, and the capsule assembly is used for a servo mechanism spherical pressure accumulator and has the advantages of large discharge capacity, quick start, light weight, high reliability, long one-time inflation and pressure maintaining time, long service life and the like. Hardness (shoreA)75 + -5; the tensile strength is more than or equal to 12 MPa; the elongation at break is more than or equal to 250 percent; the permanent deformation of the steel sheet after breaking is less than or equal to 8 percent.
(8) The capsule mould of the invention is an injection and mould pressing combined mould, and has a plurality of separating surfaces, contact surfaces and matching surfaces, so in order to ensure that the quality of the inner and outer surfaces of the spherical capsule can keep the long-term optimal state and the long-term good use state (corrosion resistance) of the mould and the consistency of the matching of the structural shape, firstly, the surface of the mould is subjected to nitriding treatment to improve the hardness and the thickness of a nitrided layer: 5 mm; then, the surface of the molded shell and the surface of the sphere which are contacted with the inner surface and the outer surface of the capsule are polished by plating hard particles; because the spherical capsule is of a metal piece-rubber composite structure, in order to ensure that the metal piece can be completely integrated with the throat outline of the spherical capsule in the vulcanization process, a through hole and a process screw piece (M4, length of 5mm) are additionally designed at the middle part of the bottom of an upper mold injection cavity of the mold, so that the metal piece is fixed before mold filling; because the capsule is of a spherical structure and the mouth part is small and big, in order to ensure that the capsule can be completely separated from the sphere, a threaded process through hole and a metal plug wire are additionally arranged in the sphere of the metal male die. Therefore, the process of injecting glue and the vulcanization molding can be ensured to avoid residual glue from flowing into the sphere, and simultaneously, the process metal plug wire can be detached after the capsule vulcanization is finished, the air tap is connected, the air is pressurized and inflated, and the capsule can be completely separated from the metal male mold sphere and blown down after the opening part of the capsule expands.
(9) After the spherical capsule is filled into the spherical pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism, in the using process, the upper half part (from the separating surface to the top) is in dynamic seal, and the lower half part is in static seal, so that the spherical core structure profile of the metal male die of the die is changed by design according to the using function, performance and different specifications of the capsule, and the capsule forming die with different specifications and using functions can be processed;
(10 because the spherical capsule combined die is an injection and die pressing die, the time of injecting glue is short, the pressure maintaining time is long and the pressure (stress: 20MPa) is high when the glue is pressed, in order to ensure that the die is repeatedly used at high temperature (155 ℃, 45min) for a long time without deformation, thereby influencing the structural contour, shape and size of the spherical capsule, the die material mainly selects two types, the former is mainly '45 steel' and the latter is currently used as '40 Cr' metal material, the spherical capsule die is processed by the '45 class' material, the processing difficulty is high, the surface 'nitriding' effect is poor, only quenching and tempering (HRC: 35-38) are performed, the matching surface and the separation surface of the die are easy to deform after the repeated long-term use, the die is difficult to open, and the pressed capsule product has small deformation after the use for a period of time, the spherical capsule die processed by the '40 Cr' metal material is easy to process and forge, the nitriding effect is good, and the nitrided layer can reach more than 5mm after the surface nitriding treatment. The qualification rate of the spherical capsule products in mass production for a long time is ensured. The spherical capsule mould made of 40Cr metal material meets the requirement of long-time mass production matched with the model, prolongs the service life of the spherical capsule mould and reduces the processing cost. The phi 95 and phi 120 spherical capsule products molded and processed by the spherical capsule assembling die meet the design technical requirements and acceptance technical condition requirements of patterns MF302-017 and 4K17-21A/01-10-10, and finally meet the special use functions and performance requirements of the spherical pressure accumulators of the servo mechanisms of the carrying and weapon models.
The processing, manufacturing and forming process method of spherical capsule products for carrying servo mechanism spherical pressure accumulators comprises the following steps:
(1) plasticating H-type binary copolymer chlorohydrin rubber, adding an activating agent, a reinforcing filler and an anti-aging agent in sequence after plasticating uniformly, and finally adding a composite vulcanizing agent for thinly passing for 3-5 times;
(2) packaging with triangular bag for 2-4 times, discharging, and standing for 24 hr;
(3) preparing a cylindrical blank from the stopped sizing material, and weighing: 145g, then placed in a mould (fig. 1) and vulcanized in a 200 ton vacuum vulcanizer, the vulcanization conditions: vulcanization temperature: 155 ℃; and (3) vulcanization time: 40 min; vulcanization pressure: 20 MPa; and (3) secondary vulcanization time: 3 h; secondary vulcanization temperature: at 150 ℃.
The processing, manufacturing and forming process method for spherical capsule products of the pressure accumulator of the weapon servo mechanism comprises the following steps:
(1) plasticating the blend of the H-type binary copolymer chlorohydrin rubber and the nitrile rubber, mixing after plasticating uniformly, then adding an activating agent, a reinforcing filler and an anti-aging agent in sequence, and finally adding a composite vulcanizing agent, and thinly passing for 3-5 times;
(2) packaging with triangular bag for 2-4 times, discharging, and standing for 24 hr;
(3) preparing a cylindrical blank from the stopped sizing material, and weighing: 145g, then placing the mixture into a mold to be vulcanized in a 200-ton vacuum vulcanizing machine, wherein the vulcanizing conditions are as follows: vulcanization temperature: 155 ℃; and (3) vulcanization time: 45 min; vulcanization pressure: 20 MPa; and (3) secondary vulcanization time: 3 h; secondary vulcanization temperature: at 154 ℃.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a capsule assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical life test system for a ball accumulator capsule of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inflation and expansion of a spherical capsule in the capsule assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a high strength pressure holding test system for the capsule assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a steel wire structure in the bladder assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly of the spherical capsule of the present invention in a servo ball accumulator;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the oil-holding state during the assembly of the spherical capsule of the present invention 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the oil-holding state during the assembly of the spherical capsule of the present invention 2;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a molding die of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the glue pressing cover;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an upper die;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a middle mold;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the lower template;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a stem;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the core structure;
fig. 16 is a structural schematic diagram of the screw plugging wire.
Detailed Description
Spherical capsule product for carrying servomechanism spherical accumulators, the structural profile of the spherical capsule: diameter: phi 95; the upper half part of the capsule is uniform and excessive and is from thick to thin (2.5-2 mm); top-embedded metal piece: diameter: Φ 12.
Structural profile of spherical capsule: diameter: phi 120; the upper half part of the capsule is uniform and excessive, and the thickness: 2.5 mm; top-embedded metal piece: diameter: phi 13; lower half wall thickness: 4 mm.
The invention is used for carrying and the processing shaping frock mould of the weapon servomechanism spherical accumulator spherical capsule separately, including the typical sacculus mould of two kinds of specifications, wherein a set of shaping frock mould is designed and processed and made for carrying the spherical accumulator of the tertiary servomechanism spherical accumulator; the other set is designed, processed and manufactured for a spherical capsule for a spherical accumulator of a secondary servo mechanism of the weapon. The outline of the spherical capsule mould structure and the outline of the balloon product structure which are processed and molded by the two designs are basically consistent. The specific specifications are phi 95 and phi 120 respectively; the processing, molding and manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
(1) plasticating the blend of the chlorohydrin rubber and the nitrile rubber, mixing after plasticating uniformly, then adding an activating agent, a reinforcing filler and an anti-aging agent in sequence, and finally adding a composite vulcanizing agent, and thinly passing for 4 times;
(2) packaging with triangular bag for 2-4 times, and taking out. A cylindrical blank is formed at the lower part and weighed.
The invention is used for the processing and shaping manufacturing of the spherical capsule product for the spherical accumulator of the servo mechanism, including spherical capsule 1, metal skeleton 2, as shown in figure 1, the spherical capsule 1 is a spherical structure with an open end, the top end of the spherical structure is provided with a groove matched with the metal skeleton 2, the metal skeleton 2 is embedded into the groove and is pressed and bonded by vulcanization and tightly matched with the groove to form an integrated structure, a Kaimerlok 250 'metal-rubber' adhesive is adopted in the embodiment, the skeleton 2 is made of stainless steel material, the embodiment is similar to the spherical structure, the top end of the metal skeleton 2 is provided with a fabrication hole, and the fabrication hole is used for connecting, shaping and fixing the spherical capsule 1 and the mold 2 in the vulcanization shaping process.
The wall thickness from the middle part to the top end of the spherical capsule 1 is gradually reduced, and the wall thickness from the middle part to the top end is uniformly reduced to 2mm or uniform wall thickness of 2.5mm in the embodiment; the wall thickness from the middle part to the open end is uniform, and in the embodiment, the wall thickness from the middle part to the open end is 3-5 mm. The middle part refers to the cross section passing through the center of the sphere in the spherical capsule 1, namely the plane of the annular bulge 4.
The processing and manufacturing materials of the rubber pressing cover, the upper die, the middle die, the lower die plate, the core column, the metal male die and the metal plug wire are all 40 Cr.
Opening the rubber pressing cover, firstly connecting and fixing the metal framework 2 coated with the adhesive by using screws with the depth of M4-5 through the process through holes of the upper die cavity, then loading the cylindrical rubber blank into the upper die cavity, assembling the die structures of all parts in sequence, pushing the assembled cylindrical rubber blank into a 200-ton vacuumizing flat plate vulcanizing machine, and carrying out vulcanization injection molding. After a period of pressure maintaining pressing, the mold is pulled out, the glue pressing cover is opened by a tool, and the molds of all parts are decomposed. The metal plug wire in the metal positive die with the spherical capsule product is unscrewed and put into a system to be pressed to blow the capsule product down.
The spherical capsule 1 is prepared from rubber materials, and the chlorohydrin rubber composition with the two formulas is selected.
In the following examples, tensile strength, elongation at break, permanent set at break were measured in GB/head 28; hardness Shore A was measured according to GB/T531.
Example 1
100 parts of chlorohydrin crude rubber, 1.5 parts of stearic acid, 53945 parts of carbon black N, 3 parts of lead tetroxide, 222 parts of accelerator NA, 1.5 parts of anti-aging agent NBC and 3 parts of anti-aging agent 4010NA, standing for 1-2 days after uniform mixing, vulcanizing and testing.
And (3) performance test results:
hardness shore A78; the tensile strength is 17 MPa; elongation at break 260%; permanent deformation of 4.0% at break; compression set (100 ℃ C.. times.48 h, 30% compression) 7.6%.
Example 2
90 parts of chlorohydrin raw rubber, 10 parts of nitrile rubber, 1.5 parts of stearic acid, 53945 parts of carbon black N, 3 parts of lead tetraoxide, NA-221.5 parts of accelerator, 1.5 parts of anti-aging agent NBC, 3 parts of anti-aging agent 4010NA, 0.5 part of DCP and 3 parts of anti-aging agent 4010NA, standing for 1-2 days after uniform mixing, vulcanizing and testing.
And (3) performance test results:
hardness shore A80; the tensile strength is 20 MPa; elongation at break 256%; permanent set at break of 2.0%.
The quality of the chlorohydrin rubber spherical capsule product with the size (the inner diameter size: phi 95mm and phi 120mm) obtained by one-time injection and compression molding of the spherical capsule mold with the two specifications by utilizing the two typical rubber materials meets the design technical requirements and the use function requirements of aerospace delivery and missile weapon models. The spherical capsule test piece is subjected to inflation (0.1MPa) pressure maintaining (10min) swelling test; and (3) putting the mouth part of the capsule into a sealing test fixture, connecting the capsule into the test system shown in the figure 10, filling 0.1MPa of nitrogen into the capsule, expanding the capsule, and preliminarily checking whether the capsule has obvious air leakage or not and the appearance surface quality of the capsule.
The air tightness and the appearance of the capsule are checked in the period, and the conditions and the results of a high-strength pressure maintaining test and a dynamic fatigue life test which are carried out by adopting the capsule test piece after the capsule test piece is qualified show that: the capsules are respectively filled with nitrogen (pressure: 8MPa, 11.5MPa and 12.5MPa), high temperature and low temperature (maximum temperature: 150 ℃ and minimum temperature: minus 35 ℃) and are filled with oil under pressure circulation (0-21 MPa and 16-21 MPa); the test requirements of capsule high strength pressure maintaining and dynamic fatigue life of 10 ten thousand times at most are met under the environment of oil charging and discharging frequency (0.2Hz) and the requirement of the highest oil charging pressure of 33MPa (pressure maintaining for 5 min).
After the spherical capsule product is filled into a pressure accumulator of a servo mechanism, a typical (low temperature: minus 35 ℃ and high temperature: 150 ℃) test is carried out; and (5) carrying out a life test. A ball-type capsule dictionary and life test system schematic diagram for a ball-type accumulator. As shown in fig. 11
A typical high-strength pressure maintaining (inflation pressure: 11.5MPa, oil pressure: 33MPa pressure maintaining time: 5min) test of a spherical capsule product test piece, wherein a test system diagram is shown in FIG. 12, and a high-strength pressure maintaining test system diagram of a capsule product test piece vulcanized and formed by the combined tooling mold is shown in FIG. 12; and (3) putting the capsule into a pressure accumulator shell, connecting the pressure accumulator shell into a high-strength pressure maintaining test system, and filling oil pressure of 35MPa for pressure maintaining for 5min to judge whether the capsule fails in the process.
The phenomena of air leakage, air leakage and oil holding are not generated in the test process. The actual working requirement of the servo mechanism accumulator capsule is also met far (random and accumulated actual dynamic working times: about 932 times).
The invention mainly relates to a structural design technology and a processing and forming technology of a spherical capsule combined die for a spherical accumulator of a aerospace delivery and weapon servo mechanism; comprises a spherical capsule forming die structure design technology for a spherical accumulator of a servo mechanism, a product processing and forming technology, and a material selection, determination and processing technology for a die. The design, processing and manufacturing technology of the spherical capsule combined die structure of the servo mechanism pressure accumulator. The combined die consists of 8 parts (see the attached drawing). The spherical capsule die designed, processed and manufactured by the spherical capsule combined die meets the special requirement of long-time repeated mass production matched with the model, prolongs the service life of the spherical capsule die and reduces the processing cost. The qualification rate of spherical capsule products with two types and specifications is more than 90 percent.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a spherical capsule structure in a capsule assembly for a spherical pressure accumulator according to the present invention, the capsule assembly for a servo mechanism spherical pressure accumulator according to the present invention comprises a spherical capsule 1, a metal framework 2 and a steel wire, the spherical capsule 1 shown in fig. 1 is a spherical structure with an open end, a groove matched with the metal framework 2 structure is formed at the top end of the spherical structure, the metal framework 2 is embedded into the groove and is pressed by vulcanization and bonded to be tightly matched with the groove to form an integrated structure, and a kemlock 250 metal is adopted as a bonding agent in this embodiment. The metal framework 2 is made of stainless steel materials, the structure is similar to a dumbbell shape in the embodiment, and the top end of the metal framework 2 is provided with a fabrication hole for forming and fixing the spherical capsule 1.
The wall thickness of the spherical capsule 1 from the middle part to the top end is gradually reduced, and the wall thickness from the middle part to the top end is uniformly reduced to 2mm from 2.5mm in the embodiment; the wall thickness from the middle part to the open end is uniform, and in the embodiment, the wall thickness from the middle part to the open end is 3-5 mm. The middle part refers to the cross section passing through the center of the sphere in the spherical capsule 1, namely the plane of the annular bulge 4.
The inner edge wall of the spherical capsule 1 is provided with an annular bulge 4, and after the spherical capsule 1 is arranged in a spherical cavity of a pressure accumulator of a servo mechanism, a steel wire is wound on the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule 1; the spherical capsule 1 is made of rubber material. Usually, the annular protrusion 4 is located in the middle of the inner part of the spherical capsule 1, i.e. the plane of the annular protrusion 4 passes through the center of the spherical capsule 1.
The spherical capsule 1 is prepared from a rubber material, and the rubber material can be selected from chlorohydrin rubber, nitrile rubber or butyl rubber.
As shown in figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steel wire in the capsule assembly of the present invention, the steel wire is wound on the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule 1 for 3-5 circles. The steel wire is made of carbon steel, and the two ends of the steel wire are made of red copper.
As shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic view of the assembly of the spherical capsule in the spherical accumulator of the servo mechanism, the spherical capsule 1 is firstly flattened and loaded into the spherical cavity of the spherical accumulator of the servo mechanism, so that the outer surface of the spherical capsule 1 is tightly attached to the inner surface of the spherical cavity of the spherical accumulator, the steel wire is wound around the root of the annular bulge 4 on the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule 1 from the opening end of the spherical capsule 1, the cover of the spherical accumulator is covered tightly from the opening end of the spherical capsule 1, and the bolt is screwed on to complete the assembly, wherein the metal framework 2 is pressed against the through hole of the spherical accumulator shell, and the through hole is an oil inlet and outlet.
As shown in fig. 7, which is a schematic view 1 of the oil-holding state during the assembly process of the spherical capsule of the present invention, it can be seen that when a part of oil is remained between the outer surface of the spherical capsule 1 and the inner surface of the spherical pressure accumulator during the operation process, the spherical capsule 1 cannot operate on the side of the metal framework 2.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view 2 of the oil-holding state during the assembly of the spherical capsule according to the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, when a part of oil is left between the outer surface of the spherical capsule 1 and the inner surface of the spherical accumulator during operation, on both sides of the metal frame 2, the spherical capsule 1 is not operated.
The spherical external contour of the capsule (shown in figure 1) is designed according to the internal structural contour of the spherical accumulator of the servo mechanism, so that the capsule is matched and tightly attached after being filled into the accumulator; the sealing part of the structure of the first side (lower half) of the inflating port of the accumulator is a flange type static seal, the structure of the opening part of the capsule is designed according to the sealing inflating pressure (8MPa), the sealing compression amount (26-27%) of the opening part and the specification and the number of connecting bolts are determined; the capsule is a product with a gas-liquid isolation structure and a dynamic and static sealing structure. The expansion and compression deformation, oil filling and oil discharging are required continuously in the working process. Therefore, considering from the capsule structure state, in order to ensure that the capsule can normally work in the high-frequency working process without air leakage, air leakage and turtle oil (see fig. 7 and 8), the thickness from the mouth part of the capsule to the middle part (the lower half part: the wall thickness) of the capsule is designed to be 3-5mm (even), so as to ensure that the capsule is tightly attached to the inner wall of the pressure accumulator shell without displacement and turnover, and ensure the static sealing state; as the wall thickness from the middle part to the top part in the capsule (the upper half part: close to the oil inlet) needs to be continuously expanded, compressed, alternated load and deformed, oil is filled and discharged, the wall thickness from the middle part to the top part in the capsule is designed to be from thick to thin (even smooth transition: 2.5 mm-2 mm). This structurally ensures easy repositioning and recovery of the upper capsule half; the dynamic sealing part can work normally without oil holding.
Because the middle part in the capsule is dynamically sealed from the top of the capsule, the oil needs to be continuously filled and drained during dynamic work, the flex is repeated, and the oil inlet hole wall and the oil outlet hole wall are violently collided, therefore, the part of the top of the capsule, which is close to the oil inlet and the oil outlet hole, is made of soft rubber, and the frying, cutting and falling-off are caused after the oil inlet and the oil outlet are repeatedly filled and drained. Therefore, in order to ensure that the capsule can work for a long time in a flexing way, the design is added with a metal structure technical piece. The oil inlet and outlet holes are round holes, the metal structure technical parts are also designed to be round structures, and the arc-shaped surface with metal leaked from the top can be completely blocked and covered when being close to the oil inlet and outlet of the shell after oil drainage. This further ensures that the dynamic sealing portion of the bladder can flex for a long period of time (high and low temperatures) without air leakage and oil hold-up.
Because the state from the middle part to the top of the capsule is a dynamic sealing structure state (the upper half part) and the state from the middle part to the mouth part is a static sealing structure state (the lower half part), the lower half part is fixedly supported and sealed in an auxiliary way without displacement and overturn in order to further ensure the dynamic work of the expansion and compression of the upper half part of the capsule. The spring-wound wire is added to the design at the root of the inner prismatic wall of the capsule (fig. 5).
Because the capsule is of a metal-chlorohydrin rubber composite structure, the working environment and the working condition of the capsule are extremely severe, the capsule can work for a long time and has high reliability, and the phenomena of debonding and falling off of metal pieces do not occur in the working process. An imported adhesive (US, Kemulock CH250) is selected for targeted bonding to replace the traditional domestic adhesive sodium L.
In the following examples, tensile strength, elongation at break, permanent set at break were measured with reference to GB/T628; hardness Shore A was determined with reference to GB/T531; detecting the structural shape and size of the capsule according to the requirement of MF302-017 pattern; the structural shape of the spring winding steel wire is as follows: the "MF 406-009" pattern requires detection; the spring wound wire assembly is performed as required by the "MF 406-009" design. The phi 95mm capsule test scheme is self-defined.
The capsule assembly described above is prepared by the following mould and method:
as shown in fig. 9 to 16, a forming die for a capsule assembly of a servo mechanism ball accumulator comprises a forming female die, a forming male die 21, a stem 22, a screw plugging wire 23 and a glue pressing cover 24; the forming female die comprises a lower template 11, a middle die 12 and an upper die 13;
the core column 22 comprises an upper cone 221 and a lower cylinder 222, the cone 221 is provided with a side hole 2211, the center of the core column 22 is provided with a through hole 223, the diameter of the top end of the cone 221 is small, the diameter of the bottom end of the cone 221 is large, and the diameter of the cylinder 222 is smaller than that of the bottom end of the cone 221; the side hole 2211 of the cone 221 part is used for exhausting gas in the glue injection process;
the lower die plate 11 is provided with a groove, the cylindrical part of the core column 22 is embedded into the groove of the lower die plate 11, and the cylindrical part of the core column 22 is matched with the groove of the lower die plate 11 and is in interference fit;
the screw plugging wire 23 comprises a small cylinder 231 at the upper part, a cone 232 at the middle part and a cylinder 233 at the lower part, wherein the small cylinder 231 at the upper part and the cylinder 233 at the lower part are in transitional connection through the cone 232 at the middle part; the lower part of the cylinder 233 is externally threaded; the screw plugging wire 23 is positioned above the stem 22;
the forming male die 21 is a ball core, a hollow part is arranged in the ball core, one part of the hollow part is provided with an internal thread to be matched with the screw plugging thread 23, and the other part of the hollow part is matched with the conical part of the core column 22;
the part above the spherical center of the spherical capsule is an upper die 13;
the top end of the upper die 13 is provided with a glue injection cavity, the central position of the bottom end of the upper die 13 (namely the top end of the forming male die) is provided with a screw through hole, the screw through hole is used for installing a metal framework, two sides of the screw through hole are respectively provided with a glue injection through hole, and the glue injection through holes on the two sides are used for injecting glue;
the glue pressing cover 24 is used for pressing glue solution during glue injection, so that the glue solution flows into a molded surface between the female molding die and the male molding die through the glue injection through hole to form a capsule.
A method of forming a bladder assembly for a servo ball accumulator, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) placing the middle die 12 on the lower die plate 11, installing the core column 22 on the lower die plate 11, wherein a cylinder at the bottom end of the core column 22 is connected with the lower die plate 11 in an interference fit manner;
(2) screwing the screw plugging wire 23 into the ball core through an external thread, and installing the ball core with the screw plugging wire above the stem 22;
(3) mounting the upper mold 13 above the middle mold 12 until the upper mold 13, the middle mold 12 and the lower mold plate 11 form a female molding die of the capsule;
(4) placing a rubber blank into the glue injection cavity of the upper die 13, applying pressure by using a glue pressing cover 24 to enable the rubber blank to be injected into a molded surface between the forming female die and the forming male die through the glue injection through hole, and forming a capsule after the rubber blank is vulcanized and formed;
(5) opening the rubber pressing cover 24, taking the upper die 13 off the lower die plate 11, separating the lower die plate 11, the core column 22 and the middle die 12, taking the middle die 12 off, and finally taking the screw blocking wire 23 off the ball core;
(6) and (5) screwing an air tap into the internal thread of the ball core in the rest part in the step (5), and pumping air pressure of 0.1-0.5MPa to expand the spherical capsule and blow off the ball core by the air pressure to obtain the spherical capsule assembly product.
Example 1
No. 1 spherical capsule and spring wound steel wire, test, inspection, simulation test.
The structural shape, size and performance test (cutting on the capsule product) results of the capsule component (capsule and spring wound steel wire) products are as follows:
hardness shore A76; the tensile strength is 17 MPa; elongation at break 260%; permanent deformation of 4.0% at break;
the inflation (0.1MPa) and pressure maintaining (10min) test of the capsule product, the test system diagram is shown in figure 3, and figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the inflation and expansion of the spherical capsule in the capsule component;
and (3) putting the mouth part of the capsule into a sealing test fixture, connecting the sealing test fixture into a test system, filling the capsule with 0.1MPa of nitrogen, expanding the capsule, and preliminarily checking whether the capsule has obvious air leakage and the appearance surface quality of the capsule.
As a result:
the air leakage phenomenon does not occur, the airtight sealing requirement is met, and the appearance quality has no obvious defect.
The high strength pressure maintaining (inflation pressure: 11.5MPa, oil pressure: 33MPa pressure maintaining time: 5min) test of the capsule component (capsule, spring wound steel wire) product, the test system diagram is shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 4 is a high strength pressure maintaining test system diagram of the capsule component of the present invention; and (3) putting the capsule into a pressure accumulator shell, connecting the pressure accumulator shell into a high-strength pressure maintaining test system, and filling oil pressure of 35MPa for pressure maintaining for 5min to judge whether the capsule fails in the process.
As a result:
air leakage and oil holding phenomena do not occur in the test process and after the test.
After the capsule assembly (capsule and spring wound steel wire) products are filled into a pressure accumulator of a servo mechanism, the typical (low temperature: 35 ℃ below zero and high temperature: 150 ℃) test and the service life (similar to 100 hours of work) test result are as follows:
the phenomena of air leakage, air leakage and oil holding do not occur in the test process and after the test
Example 2
No. 2 capsule and spring are wound with steel wire, and test, inspection and simulation test are carried out.
The structural shape, size and performance test (cutting on the capsule product) results of the capsule component (capsule and spring wound steel wire) products are as follows:
hardness shore A77; the tensile strength is 18 MPa; tensile elongation of 255%; permanent deformation of 3.0% at break;
the result of the inflation (0.1MPa) and pressure increase (10min) test (test system diagram: see FIG. 4) of the capsule product:
no air leakage occurs, and the airtight sealing requirement is met.
The results of the high strength dwell (inflation pressure: 11.5MPa, oil pressure: 33MPa dwell time: 5min) test (test system diagram: see FIG. 3) of the capsule assembly (capsule, spring-wound wire) product:
the phenomena of air leakage and oil holding are not generated in the test process and after the test.
After the capsule assembly (capsule and spring wound steel wire) product is loaded into a servo mechanism pressure accumulator, a typical (low temperature: 35 ℃ below zero and high temperature: 150 ℃) test is carried out, a test system diagram is shown in figure 2, a schematic diagram of a typical life test system of the spherical pressure accumulator capsule of the invention is shown in figure 2,
life (class counter operation 100 hours) test (test system diagram is shown in FIG. 2)
As a result:
the phenomena of air leakage, air leakage and oil holding do not occur in the test process and after the test
The quality of the chlorohydrin rubber capsule product with the size (the inner diameter is phi 95 mm) formed by one-time injection and compression molding by using the spherical capsule 1 meets the design requirement and the use requirement of aerospace delivery and missile weapon models, and a capsule swelling test, a high-strength pressure-maintaining test, a servo mechanism following test, a life test and a simulated fatigue life test which are carried out by adopting a capsule component test piece of the epichlorohydrin rubber capsule show that: diameter thereof
The capsule component test piece of the specification meets the requirement of 10 ten thousand cumulative flexions in the highest working fatigue life test (a test system diagram: see figure 2). The working requirement of the whole machine class meter of the servo mechanism for 100 hours is also met.
The above description is only for the best mode of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Claims (14)
1. A forming die for a capsule assembly of a servo mechanism ball accumulator is characterized in that: the forming die comprises a forming female die, a forming male die, a core column, a screw plug wire and a rubber pressing cover; the forming female die comprises a lower template, a middle die and an upper die;
the core column comprises an upper cone and a lower cylinder;
the lower die plate is provided with a groove, the cylindrical part of the core column is embedded into the groove of the lower die plate, and the cylindrical part of the core column is matched with the groove of the lower die plate;
the screw plugging wire comprises a small cylinder at the upper part, a cone at the middle part and a cylinder at the lower part, wherein the small cylinder at the upper part and the cylinder at the lower part are in transition connection through the cone at the middle part; the cylinder of the lower part is provided with an external thread; the screw plugging wire is positioned above the core column;
the molding male die is internally provided with a hollowed-out part, one part of the hollowed-out part is provided with an internal thread to be matched with the screw blocking thread, and the other part of the hollowed-out part is matched with the conical part of the core column; the forming male die is also a spherical core;
the top end of the upper die is provided with a glue injection cavity, the center position of the bottom end of the upper die is provided with a screw through hole, the screw through hole is used for mounting the metal framework, two sides of the screw through hole are respectively provided with a glue injection through hole, and the glue injection through holes on the two sides are used for injecting glue;
and the glue pressing cover is used for pressing glue liquid during glue injection, so that the glue liquid flows into a molded surface between the molding female die and the molding male die through the glue injection through hole to form a capsule.
2. The molding die for a capsule assembly for a servo mechanism ball accumulator as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the top end of the cone above the core column is small, the diameter of the bottom end of the cone is large, and the diameter of the cylinder below the core column is smaller than that of the bottom end of the cone; the side hole of the conical part is used for exhausting gas in the glue injection process.
3. The molding die for a capsule assembly for a servo mechanism ball accumulator as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the cylindrical part of the core column is in interference fit with the groove of the lower template.
4. A method of molding a capsule assembly for a servo mechanism ball accumulator using the molding die of claim 1, characterized by the steps of the method comprising:
(1) placing the middle die on a lower die plate, installing the core column on the lower die plate, and connecting a cylinder at the bottom end of the core column with the lower die plate in an interference fit manner;
(2) screwing the screw blocking thread into the ball core through the external thread, and installing the ball core with the screw blocking thread above the core column;
(3) installing an upper die above a middle die until the upper die, the middle die and a lower template form a forming female die of the capsule;
(4) placing a rubber blank into a rubber injection cavity of the upper die, applying pressure by using a rubber pressing cover to enable the rubber blank to be injected into a molded surface between the molding female die and the molding male die through the rubber injection through hole, and forming a capsule after the rubber blank is vulcanized and molded;
(5) opening a glue pressing cover, taking down the upper die from the lower die plate, separating the lower die plate, the core column and the middle die, taking down the middle die, and finally taking down the screw plug wire from the ball core;
(6) the spherical capsule is expanded by pumping air pressure and blown away from the spherical core, and a spherical capsule component product is obtained.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said forming step comprises: the air pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein said forming step comprises: the capsule assembly for the spherical pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism comprises a spherical capsule, a metal framework and a steel wire, wherein the spherical capsule is of a spherical structure with an opening at one end, a groove matched with the metal framework structure is formed in the top end of the spherical structure, the metal framework is embedded into the groove and is tightly matched with the groove, an annular bulge is arranged on the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule, and the steel wire is wound on the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule after the spherical capsule is arranged in a spherical cavity of the pressure accumulator of the servo mechanism; the spherical capsule is made of rubber materials.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said forming step comprises: the wall thickness from the middle part of the spherical capsule to the top end is gradually reduced, and the wall thickness from the middle part to the opening end is uniform.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein said forming step comprises: the wall thickness from the middle part to the top end of the spherical capsule is uniformly reduced to 2mm from 2.5 mm; the wall thickness from the middle part to the opening end is 3-5 mm.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein said forming step comprises: the plane of the annular bulge passes through the spherical center of the spherical capsule.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein said forming step comprises: the rubber material of the spherical capsule is chlorohydrin rubber, nitrile rubber or butyl rubber.
11. The method of claim 6, wherein said forming step comprises: the metal framework is dumbbell-shaped, and the top end of the metal framework is provided with a fabrication hole.
12. The method of claim 6, wherein said forming step comprises: the steel wire is wound on the inner edge wall of the spherical capsule for 3-5 circles.
13. The method of claim 6, wherein said forming step comprises: the metal framework is embedded into the groove at the top end of the spherical capsule and is tightly matched with the groove through bonding glue to form an integrated structure, and the metal framework is made of stainless steel materials.
14. The method of claim 6, wherein said forming step comprises: the metal framework is embedded into a groove at the top end of the spherical capsule and is bonded in the groove through a Kelmoke 250.
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| CN116461041A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-07-21 | 宁波市特种设备检验研究院 | Seamless rubber air bag forming process |
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| FR2588324A1 (en) * | 1985-10-08 | 1987-04-10 | Lizarte Sa | Improved hydropneumatic accumulator |
| US4852615A (en) * | 1986-08-04 | 1989-08-01 | Automobiles Peugeot | Hydropneumatic accumulator |
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