CN109046011A

CN109046011A - Air purifier based on nano-catalytic oxidation

Info

Publication number: CN109046011A
Application number: CN201810990408.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 禤俊杰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-08-28
Filing date: 2018-08-28
Publication date: 2018-12-21

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of air purifiers based on nano-catalytic oxidation, for removing the volatile organic compounds in air, the carbon aerogels including nanocatalyst, carrying nanocatalyst for the volatile organic compounds in catalysis oxidation air and the metal foam by carbon aerogels absorption on it.The invention has the benefit that the resistance that its VOCs transports active sites is smaller, to greatly enhance air purification efficiency.

Description

Air purifier based on nano-catalytic oxidation

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of air purification, and in particular to a kind of for removing the volatile organic compound in air The air purifier of object.

Background technique

In recent years, air quality has become a serious problems in Hong Kong and other many countries.Volatile organic compound Object (VOCs), such as toluene, acetone and formaldehyde etc., as their toxicity high risks caused by human health, Yi Jisuo The formation of caused photochemistry haze has been acknowledged as causing the primary arch-criminal of air pollution.Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) pollution sources of the pollutant usually from indoor and outdoors.Indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) pollutes usual source In articles for daily use, such as office appliance, thermal insulation material, cleaning products and compacting plank etc..And outdoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) pollution then mostlys come from industrial discharge and vehicle exhaust.It has recently been demonstrated that many organic pollutants are indoors Pollution level far be more than outdoor.

Traditional catalytic oxidation is purified using catalyst to air by the reaction between VOCs and oxidant A kind of method.It is one of the most promising technology for removing VOCs pollutant since it is with high energy efficiency and high purification efficiency. In the prior art, noble metal (such as platinum, palladium etc.) and metal oxide (such as copper oxide, cobalt oxide etc.) can be used as catalyst and make With.The main function of such catalyst is to reduce activation energy, improves reaction rate, makes (400-600 DEG C) of technological temperature to be lower than heat Ramped temperature (800-1100 DEG C) improves carrier material to the adsorptivity of VOCs to reduce energy consumption.Therefore, process costs and Greenhouse gases discharge capacity, which is put, can be lowered, and can greatly improve efficiency and purification efficiency.However, although the technology makes us bulging Dance, technological temperature needed for the Conventional catalytic oxidation of VOCs is still higher, and usually 400-600 DEG C.Especially when VOCs concentration When lower, to guarantee to completely remove VOCs, higher technological temperature is needed.Therefore, high energy consumption needed for the technology limits energy The raising of effect.

Nano-catalytic oxidation technology (NCO) has a possibility that solving above-mentioned technical problem.Nano-catalytic oxidation technology (NCO) oxidation reaction that the elemental oxygen generated occurs on substrate is decomposed with by ozone catalyst based on VOCs.Due to ozone Activation energy can be further decreased by being passed through, thus nano-catalytic oxidation technology (NCO) can be in lower reaction temperature (< 400 DEG C) under apply, and then improve efficiency.Since ozone decomposition can only occur in catalyst surface, traditional R&D direction mainly collects In in development of metallic or metal oxide nanocatalyst as catalysis element, and with active carbon, zeolite etc. is used as catalytic carrier Material.Further, since such catalyst carrier can deposition and adsorption process to nanocatalyst, active surface area, VOCs Transport and its performance generate significant impact, the exploitation of nanocatalyst and catalyst carrier material has become is gone using NCO Except the developing critical issue of the technology of VOCs.

Recently, with the progress of nanosecond science and technology, the VOCs oxidation nanometer catalyst that can be used under lower temperature is developed. The nm-class catalyst prepared by newest nanotechnology can be improved the performance of catalyst and and reduce cost.With big Grain catalyst is compared, nm-class catalyst have higher surface can and bigger specific surface area, can preferably with reactive chemistry Matter interaction.Biggish specific surface area can allow more chemical substances to interact simultaneously with catalyst, make catalyst more It is effective.In general, catalytic activity and selectivity depend primarily on the granularity of nm-class catalyst, ingredient and configuration of surface.For example, The study found that the activity of the load gold particle of TiO2 is to its granularity (2- when carrying out CO oxidation reaction with oxygen at ambient conditions 3nm) quite sensitive.In addition, the crystal structure and ingredient of nanocatalyst can change at reaction conditions, to influence Its performance.Therefore, to work normally air purifier at room temperature, exploitation has high activity, high stability and low cost Nano-structured calalyst is most important.

In addition to catalyst, to the preparation of nanocatalyst and in practice, transport VOCs also rises catalyst carrier material To important function.In the past few decades, since carbon material is easy to obtain, handling ease, cost is relatively low, is used as carrier material The application of material removal VOCs is widely studied.Carbon material can keep its chemical stability under different conditions, and can be various It works under temperature or pressure condition.Compare table with larger in addition, can prepare using traditional chemically and physically activation method The carbon material of area and controllable pore size distribution structure, has played important function in VOCs removal process.Therefore, carbon material is wide The general VOCs. being applied in removal environment

Currently, various micro-pore carbon materials (such as active carbon, carbon fiber etc.) be used to prepare adsorbent and catalyst carrier material.By It is controlled by the pore diameter and organic molecule of carbon material by the diffusion rate of hole in the absorption of VOCs and transportational process, When preparing carbon support material, aperture is crucial one of design parameter.In addition, carbon material another kind key property is control Grain diffusion and particle size.The study found that when (weight percent is prepared with H2 [PtCl6] .6H2O in carbon load type Pt catalyst The about Pt Metal Supported of 1 wt.%) it can be reduced in 400 DEG C of H2 air-flow, it is 9-11nm that the diffusion of Pt particle, which depends on diameter, Hole quantity.Facts proved that microporous activated carbon is used mainly to have following two drawback as catalyst carrier: 1) microporous activated Carbon is usually microcellular structure, and mesoporous is undeveloped, it is difficult to support nanocatalyst and hinder the transport of VOCs；2) microporous activated Carbon contains a large amount of minerals, can influence the performance of metallic catalyst.Therefore, it develops and a kind of can be used as having for catalyst carrier The high-purity new carbon of uniform flourishing mesoporous, becomes a technical problem urgently to be resolved.

In addition to catalyst and carrier material, the performance of NCO reactor additionally depends on the design of reactor.Reactor usually by The pelletizing composition that loaded catalyst and bonding agent are constituted.But such design does not only result in VOCs and transports active sites Larger resistance, reduces the utilization rate and purification efficiency of catalyst, and also results in high pressure drop, increases pump work, to reduce efficiency.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of air purifier based on nano-catalytic oxidation, VOCs transports activity The resistance of position is smaller, to greatly enhance air purification efficiency.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that

A kind of air purifier based on nano-catalytic oxidation, for removing the volatile organic compounds in air, including with The nanocatalyst of volatile organic compounds in catalysis oxidation air, the carbon aerogels for carrying nanocatalyst and general The metal foam of carbon aerogels absorption on it.

Preferably, metal foam is Ni foam.

Preferably, nanocatalyst is nano-titanium dioxide.

The operation principle of the present invention is that:

Carbon aerogels material has many characteristics, such as low-density, and continuous hole, large specific surface area, mesopore volume is big, conductive The features such as property is strong.Carbon aerogels generally use resorcinol and formaldehyde, and sol-gel polycondensation occurs in weak property aqueous solution for the two Reaction is then freeze-dried and is pyrolyzed in an inert atmosphere.Therefore, another unique property of carbon aerogels be can be by molten Catalyst concn in glue-gel polycondensation reaction adjusts mesoporous.In addition, it can be made into solid-like, powdered, pearl and piece Shape, and can purify dirty water and air to low-cost high-efficiency.Carbon aerogels have big mesopore volume, and mesoporous adjustability is high and inhales The advantages that attached property is strong.Using these advantages, carbon aerogels are combined with NCO technology, can greatly improve VOCs absorption and Transport, is conducive to the preparation of nanocatalyst, to improve the performance of NCO.

In addition to catalyst and carrier material, the performance of NCO reactor additionally depends on the design of reactor.Reactor usually by The pelletizing composition that loaded catalyst and bonding agent are constituted.But such design does not only result in VOCs and transports active sites Larger resistance, reduces the utilization rate and purification efficiency of catalyst, and also results in high pressure drop, increases pump work, to reduce efficiency. It realizes using the porous of metal foam (such as Ni foam) with low VOCs Transport resistance and across reactor pressure decrease.

Specific embodiment

With reference to embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.Following embodiment is only used for more Add and clearly demonstrate technical solution of the present invention, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

The technical solution that the present invention embodies is:

Metal foam is Ni foam.

Nanocatalyst is nano-titanium dioxide.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of air purifier based on nano-catalytic oxidation, special for removing the volatile organic compounds in air Sign is, including nanocatalyst, the carrying nanocatalyst for the volatile organic compounds in catalysis oxidation air Carbon aerogels and by carbon aerogels absorption metal foam on it.

2. the air purifier according to claim 1 based on nano-catalytic oxidation, which is characterized in that metal foam Ni Foam.

3. the air purifier according to claim 2 based on nano-catalytic oxidation, which is characterized in that nanocatalyst is Nano-titanium dioxide.