CN109045995A - A kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulfurization denitration method - Google Patents
A kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulfurization denitration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109045995A CN109045995A CN201811092439.6A CN201811092439A CN109045995A CN 109045995 A CN109045995 A CN 109045995A CN 201811092439 A CN201811092439 A CN 201811092439A CN 109045995 A CN109045995 A CN 109045995A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
- B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
- B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulfurization denitration method, this method is using industrial urea CH4N2O as the reducing agent of sulfureous in flue gas oxide nitrogen oxides, urea granules are worn into fine powder by flour mill, directly urea fine powder is sprayed into pressure-air again above the burner hearth of biomass boiler, urea fine powder decomposes ammonification and isocyanic acid in burner hearth at a temperature of 750~960 DEG C, SO2 in ammonia and isocyanic acid and flue gas, NO, NO2 carries out reduction reaction, SO2 reduction generates simple substance S and water, NO and NO2 reduction generates nitrogen N 2 and H2O, the nitrogen N 2 that reaction generates is under the action of air-introduced machine with high-temperature flue gas successively through cyclone dust collectors, waste-heat recoverer and bag filter cooling, purifying, solid elemental sulfur deposits recycling in bag filter, thermal energy is through biomass Boiler and waste-heat recoverer recycle, the tail gas after final purification enter chimney and are discharged into atmosphere；98% or more desulfurization degree, denitrification rate 84-96%.Exhaust emissions has reached the most stringent of air pollution emission standard requirements in the world today and China after improvement, and technique and equipment are simple and reliable, without secondary pollution, nontoxic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental technology field, specifically a kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulfurization denitration method.
Background technique
The existing wet process of biomass boiler and dry desulfurization denitrating technique and equipment are not able to satisfy the world today and China
Most stringent of emission standard presses any 1 hour benchmark oxygen content mean concentration, flue dust: 5mg/m3;Sulfur dioxide:
10mg/m3;Nitrogen oxides: 50mg/m3 。
The prior art is to spray reducing agent urea or ammonium hydroxide in smokejack to allow NH3With NOx and SO2At 300-340 DEG C
Reaction, still, since the temperature for entering smokejack is low, NH3Decomposition efficiency is low and NH3In chimney with NOx and SO2Stroke is short,
Reaction time is short, thus desulphurization denitration rate is extremely difficult to national emission standard, therefore seriously affects agricultural crop straw as regeneration
The extensive nuisanceless recycling of the energy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulfurization denitration methods.
It is using industrial urea CH4N2O as sulfureous in flue gas oxide the purpose of the present invention is what is realized in the following manner
Urea granules are worn into fine powder by flour mill, then are directly sprayed into urea fine powder with pressure-air by the reducing agent of nitrogen oxides
Above the burner hearth of biomass boiler, urea fine powder decomposes ammonification and isocyanic acid in burner hearth at a temperature of 750~960 DEG C, ammonia and
SO2, NO, NO2 in isocyanic acid and flue gas carry out reduction reaction, and SO2 reduction generates simple substance S and water, and NO and NO2 reduction generate
Nitrogen N 2 and H2O, the nitrogen N 2 for reacting generation are successively returned through cyclone dust collectors, waste heat under the action of air-introduced machine with high-temperature flue gas
Receive device and bag filter cooling, purifying, solid elemental sulfur deposit recycling in bag filter, thermal energy through biomass boiler with
Waste-heat recoverer recycle, the tail gas after final purification enter chimney and are discharged into atmosphere；
Desulfurization and denitrification reaction equation is as follows:
Urea decomposition reaction: CH4N2O → 750-960 DEG C → NH3+HN=C=O (1)
Out of stock reaction
2HNCO+2NO2+ O2→750-960℃→ N2+ 2NO+2CO2+ 2H2O (2)
2NH3→750-960℃→ N2↑+3H2 (3)
NO2+H2→750-960℃→ NO↑+H2O；(4)
2NO+2H2→750-960℃→ N2↑+2H2O；(5)
Desulphurization reaction: SO2+2H2→750-960℃→S↓+ 2H2O；(6).
A kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulphurization denitration equipment, including central controller, air blower, reducing agent
Storage tank, reducing agent homogenizer, biomass boiler, cyclone dust collectors, waste-heat recoverer, bag filter, draws reducing agent feeder
Blower and chimney are wherein provided with far-infrared temperature sensor at the top of biomass boiler, nitrogen sulphur are provided at the smoke inlet of chimney
Oxide detection sensor, air blower, air-introduced machine, reducing agent feeder, nitrogen oxysulfide detection sensor and far-infrared temperature
Sensor is connected by the data-interface of data line and central controller, and real-time intelligent detects biomass boiler hearth combustion temperature
Nitrogen sulfoxide concentration in degree, emission, and additive amount and air blast of the real-time control reducing agent feeder to reducing agent
The air-supply of machine, air-introduced machine discharges fume flow to improve the efficiency of dry desulfurization denitration；
The specific connection method of equipment is as follows:
1) exhaust outlet of wind speed of blast blower with and the air inlet of reducing agent homogenizer connect, grinding is set above reducing agent homogenizer
The feed inlet of machine, flour mill is connect with the discharge gate of reducing agent feeder, the feed inlet of reducing agent feeder and two-stage reductive agent
The discharge gate of storage tank connects, and the exhaust outlet of reducing agent homogenizer connects with the reducing agent spout being arranged in above biomass boiler burner hearth
It connects；
2) it has been arranged in series cyclone dust collectors, waste-heat recoverer, bag filter and air-introduced machine at the smoke outlet of biomass boiler,
The smoke inlet connection for going out exhaust outlet and chimney bottom of air-introduced machine；
3) it is provided with far-infrared temperature sensor at the top of biomass boiler, the detection of nitrogen oxysulfide is provided at the smoke inlet of chimney
Sensor, air blower, air-introduced machine, reducing agent feeder, nitrogen oxysulfide detection sensor and far-infrared temperature sensor pass through
The connection of the data-interface of data line and central controller,
A kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulphurization denitration equipment, axial setting guiding spiral shell in reducing agent homogenizer cylinder
Rotation, the discharge port of flour mill are connected to original agent homogenizer cylinder bore, reducing agent powder in the case where being oriented to screw action with pressure-air
It is mixed into whirlwind containing powder.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides that central controller is measured according to sensor enter cigarette
The concentration of emission of chimney carries out intelligent control to charging system, will be injected directly into after dry urea granules reducing agent ink powder post-science proportion
In 750~960 DEG C of boiler furnaces, make itself and the SO in flue gas2 , NOx reacted, ultimately generate N2And H2O and elemental sulfur take off
Sulphur rate 90-99%, denitrification rate 84-96%.Consumables during desulphurization denitration are as follows: " dry urea granules ".This technique and equipment are
Realize that biomass energy power station 75t/h and 130t/h boiler successfully put into operation in Shandong, Guizhou, Anhui, Hebei and other places, tail gas after improvement
Discharge has reached the most stringent of air pollution emission standard requirements in the world today and China, dense by any 1 hour benchmark oxygen content
Spend average value, flue dust: 5mg/m3;Sulfur dioxide: 10mg/m3;Oxynitrides: 50mg/m3 。
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the apparatus and process flow chart of biomass boiler deep dry desulfurization denitration method.
Description of symbols: central controller 1, air blower 2, level-one reducing agent storage tank 3, second-stage reduction agent storage tank 4, feeding
Machine 5, homogenizer 6, far-infrared temperature sensor 7, reducing agent spray head 8, biomass boiler 9, cyclone dust collectors 10, waste-heat recoverer
11, bag filter 12, air-introduced machine 13, sulphur nitrous oxides concentration detection sensor 14, chimney 15, flour mill 16.
Specific embodiment
Method of the invention is described in detail below referring to Figure of description.
A kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulfurization denitration method is using industrial urea CH4N2O as sulfureous in flue gas
Urea granules are worn into fine powder by flour mill by the reducing agent of oxide nitrogen oxides, then directly that urea is thin with pressure-air
Powder sprays into above the burner hearth of biomass boiler, and urea fine powder decomposes ammonification and isocyanide in burner hearth at a temperature of 750~960 DEG C
SO2, NO, NO2 in acid, ammonia and isocyanic acid and flue gas carry out reduction reaction, and SO2 reduction generates simple substance S and water, and NO and NO2 are also
It is primary at nitrogen N 2 and H2O, react the nitrogen N 2 of generation under the action of air-introduced machine with high-temperature flue gas successively through cyclone dust collectors,
Waste-heat recoverer and bag filter cooling, purifying, solid elemental sulfur deposit recycling in bag filter, and thermal energy is through biomass
Boiler and waste-heat recoverer recycle, the tail gas after final purification enter chimney and are discharged into atmosphere；
Desulfurization and denitrification reaction equation is as follows:
Urea decomposition reaction: CH4N2O → 750-960 DEG C → NH3+HN=C=O (1)
Out of stock reaction
2HNCO+2NO2+ O2→750-960℃→ N2+ 2NO+2CO2+ 2H2O (2)
2NH3→750-960℃→ N2↑+3H2 (3)
NO2+H2→750-960℃→ NO↑+H2O；(4)
2NO+2H2→750-960℃→ N2↑+2H2O；(5)
Desulphurization reaction: SO2+2H2→750-960℃→S↓+ 2H2O；(6).
A kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulphurization denitration equipment, including central controller 1, air blower 2, level-one
Reducing agent storage tank 3, second-stage reduction agent storage tank 4, reducing agent feeding 5, reducing agent homogenizer 6, biomass boiler 9, cyclone dust collectors
10, waste-heat recoverer 11, bag filter 12, air-introduced machine 13 and chimney 15 are wherein provided with far infrared at the top of biomass boiler 9
Temperature sensor 7, is provided with nitrogen oxysulfide detection sensor 14 at the smoke inlet of chimney 15, air blower 2, air-introduced machine 13, also
Former agent feeder 5, nitrogen oxysulfide detection sensor 14 and far-infrared temperature sensor 14 pass through data line and central controller 1
Data-interface connection, real-time intelligent detects biomass boiler combustion temperature in hearth, the nitrogen sulfoxide concentration in emission,
And the air-supply of the additive amount and air blower, air-introduced machine of real-time control reducing agent feeder reducing agent discharges fume flow to improve dry method
The efficiency of desulphurization denitration；
It is central controller 1, air blower 2, level-one reducing agent storage tank 3, second-stage reduction agent storage tank 4, feeder 5, homogenizer 6, remote red
Outer temperature sensor 7, reducing agent spray head 8, biomass boiler 9, cyclone dust collectors 10, waste-heat recoverer 11, bag filter 12,
Air-introduced machine 13, sulphur nitrous oxides concentration detection sensor 14, chimney 15, flour mill 16.
Embodiment
The specific connection method of equipment is as follows:
1) exhaust outlet of air blower 2 with and the air inlet of reducing agent homogenizer 6 connect, grinding is set above reducing agent homogenizer 6
The feed inlet of machine 16, flour mill 16 is connect with the discharge gate of reducing agent feeder 5, the feed inlet of reducing agent feeder 5 and one, two
The discharge gate connection of grade reducing agent storage tank 3,4, reducing agent homogenize 6 exhaust outlet and be arranged in above 9 burner hearth of biomass boiler
Reducing agent spout 8 connects；
2) cyclone dust collectors 10, waste-heat recoverer 11,12 and of bag filter have been arranged in series at the smoke outlet of biomass boiler 9
The exhaust outlet that goes out of air-introduced machine 13, air-introduced machine 13 is connect with the smoke inlet of 15 bottom of chimney.
3) it is provided with far-infrared temperature sensor 7 at the top of biomass boiler 9, nitrogen sulphur oxygen is provided at the smoke inlet of chimney 15
Compound detection sensor 14, air blower 2, air-introduced machine 13, reducing agent feeder 5, nitrogen oxysulfide detection sensor 14 and remote red
Outer temperature sensor 7 is connect by data line with the data-interface of central controller 1,
A kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulphurization denitration equipment, axial setting guiding in 6 cylinder of reducing agent homogenizer
Spiral, the discharge port of flour mill 16 are connected to former 6 cylinder bore of agent homogenizer, reducing agent fine powder in the case where being oriented to screw action with height
Pressure air is mixed into high velocity powder air-flow and is sent into reducing agent spout 8.
Air blower operating pressure is controlled in 0.6-0.8kgf/cm2
Urea powder fineness 0.01-0.1mm,
Embodiment 2
State can Linquan bioelectrogenesis Co., Ltd practical operating conditions
1 fuel: 1 ash+1 is yellow
2 raw emissions values: (NOX) 300-530 mg/m3, (SO2) 130-580 mg/m3;
2 limit values discharge operating cost: 1.55 ton per days --- -2800 to 3100 yuan/day --- -5HZ
3 minimum discharge operating costs: 3 ton per day -6000 yuan/day
4 fuel are initial nitrogen oxides (NO under the situation of yellow 1 part of bar, grey 1 part of barX) 300-530 mg/m3, initial titanium dioxide
Sulphur (SO2) 130-580 mg/m3, reach in the case where double 100 discharges (hourly average value), average daily urea amount is 1.5T/
2800 yuan/day of d---- feed frequency 5HZ；
After 5 using method and apparatus transformation of the invention, NOXBy 300-530 mg/m3It is down to 200mg/m3(hourly average below
Value), SO2By 130-580 mg/m3It is down to 200 mg/m3Below (hourly average value) (detection device be Qingdao Lao answer it is ultraviolet-
3023), daily urea amount is 3100 yuan/day of 1.55T/d-- -- feed frequency 5HZ.
Embodiment 3
It newly can Power Group Guantao biomass thermal power plant
Practical operating conditions
1 fuel: grey bar
2 raw emissions values: (NOX) 200mg/m3Left and right, (SO2) 30mg/m3Left and right；
After 3 using method and apparatus transformation of the invention, NOX100mg/m3Hereinafter, SO210mg/m3Left and right, operating cost: 1.5
Ton per day, about 3000 yuan/day/platform；
Embodiment 4
Beizhen City warms up spring biology steam power plant dry desulfurization, denitration operating cost analysis tonnage: 130t/H, fuel: pure ash bar, fortune
The row period: 300 days, the type of furnace: recirculating fluidized bed
One raw emissions parameter: 320000m3/h air quantity, initial NOX300-530mg/Nm3, initial SO250-100mg/
Nm；
Two realize qualified discharge standard using method and apparatus of the invention:
NOX≤ 50mg/Nm3, SO2≤35mg/Nm³；
Three, initial investment cost: 13,000,000 yuan (containing 5 years desulphurization and denitration catalyst, equipment provides free)
Four, operating cost is as follows:
1 desulphurization and denitration catalyst: 2,600,000 yuan/year；
2 urea granules: 180-200/year；
3 electricity charge (22KV): 15.84 ten thousand yuan/year (by 1 yuan/degree)
4 years integrated operation expenses: 260+200+15.84=475.84 ten thousand yuan
2013-2018 so far, successively in 2 75t/H biomass vibrating grates of Shandong Plain Hanyuan Green Source Energy LLC
Boiler, the big 2 75t/H coal-fired fluidized bed boilers of Guizhou Nintaus, 1 75 tons of Xie Xin group be fire coal circulating fluid bed, Hebei newly can 2
It is successfully landed on 22 boilers such as 130 tons of platform life speciality circulating fluidized bed boiler, exhaust emissions can achieve ultralow after improvement
Discharge: i.e. SO2< 35mg/m3, NOX< 50mg/m3.
Except for the technical features described in the specification, it all is technically known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulfurization denitration method, it is characterised in that be using industrial urea CH4N2O as cigarette
Urea granules are worn into fine powder by flour mill, then directly will with pressure-air by the reducing agent of gas sulphur oxide nitrogen oxides
Urea fine powder spray into biomass boiler burner hearth above, urea fine powder in burner hearth at a temperature of 750~960 DEG C decompose ammonification and
SO2, NO, NO2 in isocyanic acid, ammonia and isocyanic acid and flue gas carry out reduction reaction, and SO2 reduction generates simple substance S and water, NO and
NO2 reduction generates nitrogen N 2 and H2O, the nitrogen N 2 for reacting generation are successively removed through whirlwind under the action of air-introduced machine with high-temperature flue gas
Dirt device, waste-heat recoverer and bag filter cooling, purifying, solid elemental sulfur deposit recycling in bag filter, and thermal energy is through life
Substance boiler and waste-heat recoverer recycle, the tail gas after final purification enter chimney and are discharged into atmosphere；
Desulfurization and denitrification reaction equation is as follows:
Urea decomposition reaction: CH4N2O → 750-960 DEG C → NH3+HN=C=O (1)
Out of stock reaction
2HNCO+2NO2+ O2→750-960℃→ N2+ 2NO+2CO2+ 2H2O (2)
2NH3→750-960℃→ N2↑+3H2 (3)
NO2+H2→750-960℃→ NO↑+H2O；(4)
2NO+2H2→750-960℃→ N2↑+2H2O；(5)
Desulphurization reaction: SO2+2H2→750-960℃→S↓+ 2H2O；(6).
2. a kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulphurization denitration equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: including in
Entreat controller, air blower, reducing agent storage tank, reducing agent feeder, reducing agent homogenizer, biomass boiler, cyclone dust collectors, remaining
Heat regenerator, bag filter, air-introduced machine and chimney are wherein provided with far-infrared temperature sensor, cigarette at the top of biomass boiler
Nitrogen oxysulfide detection sensor, air blower, air-introduced machine, reducing agent feeder, nitrogen oxysulfide are provided at the smoke inlet of chimney
Detection sensor and far-infrared temperature sensor are connected by the data-interface of data line and central controller, real-time intelligent detection
Nitrogen sulfoxide concentration in biomass boiler combustion temperature in hearth, emission, and real-time control reducing agent feeder is to also
The air-supply of the additive amount and air blower, air-introduced machine of former agent discharges fume flow to improve the efficiency of dry desulfurization denitration；
The specific connection method of equipment is as follows:
1) exhaust outlet of wind speed of blast blower with and the air inlet of reducing agent homogenizer connect, grinding is set above reducing agent homogenizer
The feed inlet of machine, flour mill is connect with the discharge gate of reducing agent feeder, the feed inlet of reducing agent feeder and two-stage reductive agent
The discharge gate of storage tank connects, and the exhaust outlet of reducing agent homogenizer connects with the reducing agent spout being arranged in above biomass boiler burner hearth
It connects；
2) it has been arranged in series cyclone dust collectors, waste-heat recoverer, bag filter and air-introduced machine at the smoke outlet of biomass boiler,
The smoke inlet connection for going out exhaust outlet and chimney bottom of air-introduced machine；
3) it is provided with far-infrared temperature sensor at the top of biomass boiler, the detection of nitrogen oxysulfide is provided at the smoke inlet of chimney
Sensor, air blower, air-introduced machine, reducing agent feeder, nitrogen oxysulfide detection sensor and far-infrared temperature sensor pass through
The connection of the data-interface of data line and central controller.
3. a kind of biomass boiler deep dry desulphurization denitration equipment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: reducing agent
Axially setting guiding spiral, the discharge port of flour mill are connected to former agent homogenizer cylinder bore in homogenizer cylinder, reducing agent powder
Whirlwind containing powder is mixed into pressure-air in the case where being oriented to screw action.
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| CN106268296A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-01-04 | 中南大学 | A kind of flue gas processing method of the lanthanio perovskite composite oxide catalysis reduction simultaneous SO_2 and NO removal of doping |
| CN108187490A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-22 | 河北耀节能设备制造有限责任公司 | Macromolecule Dry denitration agent and preparation method thereof and denitrating technique and denitration device |
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Denomination of invention: A deep dry desulfurization and denitration method for biomass boiler Effective date of registration: 20211029 Granted publication date: 20210212 Pledgee: Linshang Bank Co.,Ltd. Yihe sub branch Pledgor: SHANDONG JUYA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2021980011606 |