CN109040714A - 一种大气环境应急监测系统 - Google Patents

一种大气环境应急监测系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109040714A
CN109040714A CN201811151513.7A CN201811151513A CN109040714A CN 109040714 A CN109040714 A CN 109040714A CN 201811151513 A CN201811151513 A CN 201811151513A CN 109040714 A CN109040714 A CN 109040714A
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monitoring
monitoring system
airborne
aerial vehicle
unmanned aerial
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翁坤
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Dalian Ruijin Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
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Dalian Ruijin Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/18Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T3/00Geometric image transformation in the plane of the image
    • G06T3/40Scaling the whole image or part thereof
    • G06T3/4038Scaling the whole image or part thereof for image mosaicing, i.e. plane images composed of plane sub-images
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/66Remote control of cameras or camera parts, e.g. by remote control devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/698Control of cameras or camera modules for achieving an enlarged field of view, e.g. panoramic image capture

Abstract

本发明公开了一种大气环境应急监测系统,包括无人机平台、机载设备和应急监测系统;所述无人机平台,由飞行控制计算机、导航定位计算机、机载传感器组、伺服机构和机载供电系统组成;所述机载设备为气体监测设备和视频或者图像监控设备;所述应急监测系统包括有毒有害气体监测模块、视频监控模块和应急辅助决策支持模块。本发明的有益效果是:基于无人机遥感平台的大气环境应急监测系统具有立体监测、响应速度快、监测范围广、地形干扰小等优点,能为事故处理决策部门快速、准确地提供引发事故的污染物质类别、浓度分布、影响范围及发展态势等现场动态资料信息,以有效控制污染范围,缩短事故持续时间,将事故损失减至最小。

Description

一种大气环境应急监测系统
技术领域
本发明属于软件开发技术领域,具体涉及一种大气环境应急监测系统。
背景技术
随着工业经济的迅猛发展,危险化学品的种类不断增加,用途更加广泛,由于生产、经营、储存、运输、使用危险化学品的安全管理制度还不健全,突发性环境污染事故日益增加。突发性大气污染事故是一类特殊的大气污染事故,具有不可预测、无法逆转、危害紧急等特征,一旦发生会对生态环境、人民健康及社会安定造成严重影响。有效的环境监测对于上述突发性环境污染事故,在事前预防、事中检测、事后恢复的各个过程中均起着重要的作用。传统检测手段为以环境监测车和便携式设备为主体的大气环境应急监测体系,存在很多不足。
发明内容
为了上述现有技术中存在的技术问题,本发明为实现上述目的所采用的技术方案是:一种大气环境应急监测系统,包括无人机平台、机载设备和应急监测系统;所述无人机平台,由飞行控制计算机、导航定位计算机、机载传感器组、伺服机构和机载供电系统组成;所述机载设备为气体监测设备和视频或者图像监控设备;所述应急监测系统包括有毒有害气体监测模块、视频监控模块和应急辅助决策支持模块。
无人机在整个监测系统中主要起到按照指定航迹飞行,并提供任务载荷的工作平台的作用,其中飞行控制与导航系统是无人机平台的核心;
有毒有害气体监测模块主要实现气体监测数据的动态展示和处理分析,包括实时数据查看、高浓度报警、统计分析、报表输出等功能。对于多点监测数据可基于三维GIS 平台,基于采样点位坐标,显示气体浓度分布。
视频监控模块,可对视频监控设备进行远程控制,对拍摄角度、焦距等进行远程控制;实现视频监测信息在地面站的实时展示,存储和信息管理。可调用专业的图像拼接软件,将视频流中重叠图像的集合通过平面投影变换相互关联起来,通过对图像进行预处理、配准和拼接等,实时生成一幅无缝、清晰的大视场图像,以扩大视场范围。具体实现方式为:通过视频采集设备实时获取视频图像,将视频图像进行解帧,对单帧视频图像进行直方图均衡和边缘提取等预处理后,利用图像间的相关性,对图像进行配准,对配准后的图像进行拼接,形成一个大视场范围的全景图。
应急辅助决策支持模块,面向突发性大气污染事件的应急决策的需要,以气体监测信息为基础,提供包括危险化学品信息管理、大气污染扩散模拟分析、应急预案管理,以及应急监测手册等功能。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:无人机遥感技术是利用先进的无人驾驶飞行器技术、遥感传感器技术、遥测遥控技术、通讯技术、GPS 差分定位技术和遥感应用技术,具有自动化、智能化、专用化、快速获取国土、资源和环境等空间遥感信息,完成遥感数据处理、建模和应用分析的一门应用技术。基于无人机遥感平台的大气环境应急监测系统具有立体监测、响应速度快、监测范围广、地形干扰小等优点,能为事故处理决策部门快速、准确地提供引发事故的污染物质类别、浓度分布、影响范围及发展态势等现场动态资料信息,为事故处置快速、正确决策赢得宝贵的时间,以有效控制污染范围,缩短事故持续时间,将事故损失减至最小。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种大气环境应急监测系统,包括无人机平台、机载设备和应急监测系统;所述无人机平台,由飞行控制计算机、导航定位计算机、机载传感器组、伺服机构和机载供电系统组成;所述机载设备为气体监测设备和视频或者图像监控设备;所述应急监测系统包括有毒有害气体监测模块、视频监控模块和应急辅助决策支持模块。
无人机在整个监测系统中主要起到按照指定航迹飞行,并提供任务载荷的工作平台的作用,其中飞行控制与导航系统是无人机平台的核心;
有毒有害气体监测模块主要实现气体监测数据的动态展示和处理分析,包括实时数据查看、高浓度报警、统计分析、报表输出等功能。对于多点监测数据可基于三维GIS 平台,基于采样点位坐标,显示气体浓度分布。
视频监控模块,可对视频监控设备进行远程控制,对拍摄角度、焦距等进行远程控制;实现视频监测信息在地面站的实时展示,存储和信息管理。可调用专业的图像拼接软件,将视频流中重叠图像的集合通过平面投影变换相互关联起来,通过对图像进行预处理、配准和拼接等,实时生成一幅无缝、清晰的大视场图像,以扩大视场范围。具体实现方式为:通过视频采集设备实时获取视频图像,将视频图像进行解帧,对单帧视频图像进行直方图均衡和边缘提取等预处理后,利用图像间的相关性,对图像进行配准,对配准后的图像进行拼接,形成一个大视场范围的全景图。
应急辅助决策支持模块,面向突发性大气污染事件的应急决策的需要,以气体监测信息为基础,提供包括危险化学品信息管理、大气污染扩散模拟分析、应急预案管理,以及应急监测手册等功能。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (1)

1.一种大气环境应急监测系统,其特征在于:包括无人机平台、机载设备和应急监测系统;所述无人机平台,由飞行控制计算机、导航定位计算机、机载传感器组、伺服机构和机载供电系统组成;所述机载设备为气体监测设备和视频或者图像监控设备;所述应急监测系统包括有毒有害气体监测模块、视频监控模块和应急辅助决策支持模块。
CN201811151513.7A 2018-09-29 2018-09-29 一种大气环境应急监测系统 Pending CN109040714A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202481315U (zh) * 2011-11-15 2012-10-10 中科宇图天下科技有限公司 多功能环境应急监测无人机系统
CN104133042A (zh) * 2014-08-01 2014-11-05 江苏恒创软件有限公司 一种基于无人机的空气质量监测装置及监测方法
CN104699111A (zh) * 2015-03-25 2015-06-10 成都好飞机器人科技有限公司 基于无人机的病虫害防治设备

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202481315U (zh) * 2011-11-15 2012-10-10 中科宇图天下科技有限公司 多功能环境应急监测无人机系统
CN104133042A (zh) * 2014-08-01 2014-11-05 江苏恒创软件有限公司 一种基于无人机的空气质量监测装置及监测方法
CN104699111A (zh) * 2015-03-25 2015-06-10 成都好飞机器人科技有限公司 基于无人机的病虫害防治设备

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Application publication date: 20181218