CN109040047B - Indicator diagram data compression method and device, indicator diagram data transmission method and device, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Indicator diagram data compression method and device, indicator diagram data transmission method and device, computer equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for compressing and transmitting indicator diagram data, wherein the method for compressing the indicator diagram data comprises the following steps: calculating the difference value of each two data at a distance from the set position in the indicator diagram data sequence to obtain a difference value sequence and a reference value; extracting difference data larger than the maximum value of the normal difference from the difference sequence to obtain a special difference sequence; each data point of the special difference sequence comprises a data position and a binary represented data value; calculating to obtain a compression ratio according to the length of the special difference sequence and the length of the normal difference sequence; the normal difference sequence is a difference set of the difference sequence and the special difference sequence, and comprises data values represented by binary; and comparing the compression ratio with a set compression ratio threshold, and obtaining compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the normal difference width, the special difference sequence and the normal difference sequence under the condition that the compression ratio is greater than the set compression ratio threshold. The invention can improve the compression ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas production data processing, in particular to a indicator diagram data compression method, an indicator diagram data transmission method, an indicator diagram data compression device, an indicator diagram data transmission device, a computer readable storage medium and computer equipment.
Background
In the field of oil and gas production, a wellhead pumping unit is generally required to be monitored, and indicator diagrams generated by indicator gauges or other equipment are data for recording the working condition of the pumping unit, so that the indicator diagrams have important significance for monitoring the equipment condition of the pumping unit and analyzing the oil and gas production condition.
However, the data size of the indicator diagram is large (about KByte of each figure 1), the requirement on the acquisition frequency of the indicator diagram is high (at least 30 minutes apart), the number of pumping units is large, and a single base station is required to cover 100-1000 wells, so that only a medium-wide-band communication network can be used for transmission. This makes the communication network construction cost higher, and the selection face is narrow, can not use the narrow-band communication network of low-cost, has also occupied a large amount of communication network bandwidth simultaneously. The conventional general compression method is generally designed for larger data (more than 100 KByte), so that the effect of compressing the indicator diagram data is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for compressing and transmitting indicator diagram data, which are used for improving the compression rate of the indicator diagram data.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for compressing indicator diagram data, which comprises the following steps: calculating the difference value of each two data at a distance from the set position in the indicator diagram data sequence to obtain a difference value sequence and a reference value; extracting difference data larger than the maximum value of the first normal difference from the difference sequence to obtain a first special difference sequence; the first normal difference maximum value is determined according to a first normal difference width; each data point of the first special difference sequence comprises a data position and a binary represented data value; calculating to obtain a first compression ratio according to the length of the first special difference sequence and the length of the first normal difference sequence; the first normal difference sequence is a difference set of the difference sequence and the first special difference sequence, and comprises binary-represented data values; and comparing the first compression rate with a set compression rate threshold, and obtaining compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence under the condition that the first compression rate is greater than the set compression rate threshold.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for transmitting indicator diagram data, which comprises the following steps: acquiring indicator diagram data by monitoring a wellhead pumping unit; respectively compressing load data and displacement data in the indicator diagram data by using the indicator diagram data compression method in the embodiment; and transmitting the compressed load data and the compressed displacement data by using a communication network.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an indicator diagram data compression apparatus, including: a difference data generation unit configured to: calculating the difference value of each two data at a distance from the set position in the indicator diagram data sequence to obtain a difference value sequence and a reference value; a special difference generation unit for: extracting difference data larger than the maximum value of the first normal difference from the difference sequence to obtain a first special difference sequence; the first normal difference maximum value is determined according to a first normal difference width; each data point of the first special difference sequence comprises a data position and a binary represented data value; a compression rate generation unit for: calculating to obtain a first compression ratio according to the length of the first special difference sequence and the length of the first normal difference sequence; the first normal difference sequence is a difference set of the difference sequence and the first special difference sequence, and comprises binary-represented data values; a compressed data generation unit for: and comparing the first compression rate with a set compression rate threshold, and obtaining compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence under the condition that the first compression rate is greater than the set compression rate threshold.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an indicator diagram data transmission device, including: an indicator diagram data acquisition unit configured to: acquiring indicator diagram data by monitoring a wellhead pumping unit; an indicator diagram data compression unit to: respectively compressing load data and displacement data in the indicator diagram data by using the indicator diagram data compression device in the embodiment; an indicator diagram data transmission unit configured to: and transmitting the compressed load data and the compressed displacement data by using a communication network.
Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the above embodiments.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method described in the above embodiment are implemented.
According to the indicator diagram data compression method, the indicator diagram data transmission method, the indicator diagram data compression device, the indicator diagram data transmission device, the computer readable storage medium and the computer equipment, the indicator diagram data sequence is converted into the difference sequence, the difference data larger than the maximum value of the first normal difference is extracted from the difference sequence to obtain the first special difference sequence, and the indicator diagram data can be compressed by utilizing the repeatability of the difference data. Moreover, by calculating a first compression ratio according to the length of the first special difference sequence and the length of the first normal difference sequence, and obtaining a compressed indicator diagram data sequence when the first compression ratio is greater than a set threshold, the compression ratio can be adjusted by adjusting compression parameters, such as setting a compression ratio threshold, and further the compression ratio can be increased and the data amount of the indicator diagram can be reduced by increasing the set compression ratio threshold.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an optimal compression calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method for transmitting indicator diagram data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an indicator diagram data compression apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an indicator diagram data transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the indicator diagram data compression method of this embodiment may include:
step S110: calculating the difference value of each two data at a distance from the set position in the indicator diagram data sequence to obtain a difference value sequence and a reference value;
step S120: extracting difference data larger than the maximum value of the first normal difference from the difference sequence to obtain a first special difference sequence; the first normal difference maximum value is determined according to a first normal difference width; each data point of the first special difference sequence comprises a data position and a binary represented data value;
step S130: calculating to obtain a first compression ratio according to the length of the first special difference sequence and the length of the first normal difference sequence; the first normal difference sequence is a difference set of the difference sequence and the first special difference sequence, and comprises binary-represented data values;
step S140: and comparing the first compression rate with a set compression rate threshold, and obtaining compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence under the condition that the first compression rate is greater than the set compression rate threshold.
In step S110, a set of indicator diagram data may be acquired in real time by a load sensor and a displacement sensor mounted on the wellhead pumping unit. The indicator diagram data may include load data and displacement data. The indicator diagram is a closed curve chart drawn according to the change relation of load along with displacement in the indicator diagram data, and for example, the indicator diagram showing the relation between the suspension point load and the displacement of the oil pumping unit is called a ground indicator diagram or a polished rod indicator diagram. The data in the indicator diagram data are arranged in a certain sequence to form an indicator diagram data sequence.
The set position distance may refer to a difference between the preset serial numbers of the two data points. The difference between each two data points apart from the set position distance may be, for example, a difference between two data points with a sequence number difference of 1, that is, a difference between two adjacent data points, and n data points may generate n-1 differences, and in other embodiments, the sequence number difference may be 2, 3, and so on. The reference value is a reference value of the difference sequence, and the original work diagram data sequence can be obtained again according to the reference value and the difference sequence. For example, the reference value may be the first data point when the difference between each two data points at a set position distance is the difference between the next data point minus the previous data point.
In step S120, due to a certain variation trend or transformation rule of the indicator diagram data, some difference data may be repeatedly obtained from subtracting two data at the same distance from the set position, and the repeatedly obtained difference data may be maintained within a certain range of value. Therefore, the difference sequence can be divided into a special difference sequence and a normal difference sequence by setting a maximum value of the normal difference. In an embodiment, the data compression may be performed by using the repeatability of the difference data, and the higher the repeatability of the data is, the more the number of the repeated data is, the higher the compression efficiency is.
The difference data larger than the maximum value of the first normal difference is extracted from the difference sequence (there may be repeated data in the difference sequence, and each difference data is stored in sequence), so that a difference data set with non-repeated data size can be obtained, and each data in the difference data set corresponds to a data position, thereby obtaining a first special difference sequence. Similarly, the first special difference sequence includes difference data having non-repeating data sizes, and each of the difference data corresponds to one data position.
The indicator diagram data may be represented by a binary number and the difference data may also be represented by a binary number, so that the normal difference width may refer to the number of bits of the normal difference. Specifically, the present invention can be implemented by referring to the chinese patent application (application number: 201410852292.1) "a method and an apparatus for compressing and storing indicator diagram data of an oil pumping unit".
If there is already the optimum normal difference width by compressing one of the previous indicator diagrams, the optimum normal difference width may be set as the first normal difference width; otherwise, the first normal difference width may be set using a preset value.
The way to determine the maximum value of the first normal difference value according to the first normal difference value width (e.g. binary number of bits of the normal difference value) may be: normal difference maximum value (1< < normal difference width) -1. Where the symbol "<" indicates a left shift, e.g., assuming that the normal difference width is 4, the binary flag is 100, and the left shift is 1000, i.e., 8, and then subtracted by 1 is 7, so the maximum value that can be represented is 7.
The difference data larger than the first normal maximum difference value is extracted from the difference sequence, and the specific implementation manner of obtaining the first special difference sequence may be to determine whether first data in the difference sequence is larger than the first normal maximum difference value, if so, put the first data into the first special difference sequence, continue to determine whether second data in the difference sequence is larger than the second normal maximum difference value, if so, put the second data into the first special difference sequence, and sequentially determine until it is determined whether to put the last data in the difference sequence into the first special difference sequence, so as to obtain a final first special difference sequence.
In step S130, the normal difference sequence may include binary data values, and may not include data positions. The length of the first special difference sequence and the length of the first normal difference sequence are the number of data points of the first special difference sequence and the number of data points of the first normal difference sequence, respectively. The compression ratio may also be calculated as a function of the length of the difference sequence, which is a collection of special difference sequences and normal difference sequences. The first compression rate may be calculated in the following manner: the compression ratio is the length of the difference sequence/(length of the special difference sequence + length of the normal difference sequence + a specific value), which is, for example, 6. The number of binary digits of all values in a sequence is identical, and when no distinction is made between a particular difference sequence and a normal difference sequence, the number of binary digits of all differences is at least the number of binary digits of the largest difference in the sequence. After the differentiation, the number of binary bits of the normal difference sequence can be reduced. Considering that the data is stored in binary, a reduction in the amount of data storage can be achieved. The specific value is a frame length for storing configuration information such as a reference value, a normal difference width, and the number of data of the special difference sequence, and the unit is Byte.
In the above step S140, the set compression rate threshold may be set in advance as necessary. The compressed frame format may include a reference value, a normal difference width, the number of data in the special difference sequence, the number of data in the normal difference sequence, and the precision divisor described later. The order of the items in the compressed frame format may be adjusted as desired.
In this embodiment, the indicator diagram data sequence is converted into a difference sequence, and the difference data greater than the maximum value of the first normal difference is extracted from the difference sequence to obtain a first special difference sequence, so that the indicator diagram data can be compressed by using the repeatability of the difference data. Moreover, by calculating a first compression ratio according to the length of the first special difference sequence and the length of the first normal difference sequence, and obtaining the compressed indicator diagram data sequence when the first compression ratio is greater than the set threshold, the compression ratio can be adjusted by adjusting the compression parameters, for example, setting the compression ratio threshold, and further, the compression ratio can be improved by increasing the set compression ratio threshold.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, before the step S140, that is, comparing the first compression rate with a set compression rate threshold, and when the first compression rate is greater than the set compression rate threshold, before obtaining the compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence, and the first normal difference sequence, the method may further include:
step S150: modifying the first normal difference width according to a set rule to obtain a second normal difference width, and determining a second normal difference maximum value according to the second normal difference width;
step S160: extracting difference data larger than the maximum value of the second normal difference from the difference sequence to obtain a second special difference sequence; each data point of the second special difference sequence comprises a data position and a binary represented data value;
step S170: calculating to obtain a second compression ratio according to the length of the second special difference sequence and the length of the second normal difference sequence; the second normal difference sequence is a difference set of the difference sequence and the second special difference sequence, and comprises binary-represented data values;
step S180: and judging whether the second compression ratio is reduced relative to the first compression ratio, if so, comparing the first compression ratio with the set compression ratio threshold value, wherein the first compression ratio is larger.
In the above step S150, one or more modification results can be obtained by using the setting rule in one modification process. The modification can be performed a plurality of times in sequence using the setting rule, and the latter modification can be performed based on the result of the former modification. The setting rule may be, for example, increasing a specific value and/or decreasing the specific value. The manner of determining the maximum value of the second normal difference according to the second normal difference width may be: normal difference maximum value (1< < normal difference width) -1. The implementation of step S160 is similar to step S120, and the implementation of step S170 is similar to step S130.
In step S180, the second compression ratio is reduced relative to the first compression ratio, and the original first compression ratio is still used to compare with the set compression ratio threshold value to obtain the compressed indicator diagram data without continuously modifying the normal difference width according to the set rule. Through the steps S150 to S180, it can be known that the first compression rate is the maximum compression rate, so that it can be considered to further improve the compression rate from other approaches, and the waste of computing resources due to repeated attempts to modify the normal difference width is avoided.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, before the step S140, that is, comparing the first compression rate with a set compression rate threshold, and when the first compression rate is greater than the set compression rate threshold, before obtaining the compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence, and the first normal difference sequence, the method may further include:
step S190: under the condition that the second compression ratio is not reduced relative to the first compression ratio, modifying the second normal difference width according to the set rule to obtain a third normal difference width, and determining a third normal difference maximum value according to the third normal difference width;
step S1100: extracting difference data larger than the maximum value of the third normal difference from the difference sequence to obtain a third special difference sequence; each data point of the third special difference sequence comprises a data position and a binary represented data value;
step S1110: calculating to obtain a third compression ratio according to the length of the third special difference sequence and the length of the third normal difference sequence; the third normal difference sequence is a difference set of the difference sequence and the third special difference sequence, and comprises binary-represented data values;
step S1120: and judging whether the third compression ratio is reduced relative to the second compression ratio, if so, updating the first compression ratio by using the larger second compression ratio for comparing with the set compression ratio threshold.
The manner of determining the maximum value of the third normal difference in step S190, the manner of obtaining the third special difference sequence in step S1100, and the third compression rate in step S1110 are similar to those in step S150, step S160, and step S170, respectively.
Through the above steps S190 to S1120, when the second compression ratio obtained after the first normal difference width is modified according to the setting rule for the first time is not decreased relative to the first compression ratio, that is, is increased or equal, the second normal difference width corresponding to the second compression ratio may be further modified according to the setting rule, and a third compression ratio is obtained based on the further modified normal difference width, so that the steps may be sequentially performed iteratively until the compression ratio obtained based on the further modified normal difference width starts to decrease, and the first compression ratio in step S140 is updated by using the largest one of all the previously obtained compression ratios, so as to obtain the compressed indicator diagram data. Therefore, parameters such as the width of the normal difference, the maximum value of the normal difference, the special difference sequence, the number of data points of the special difference sequence, the normal difference sequence, the number of data points of the normal difference sequence and the like can be adaptively adjusted, and the compression ratio is further adaptively adjusted to reach the maximum value. Therefore, the compression parameters can be adaptively adjusted by modifying the normal difference width and judging the change condition of the compression ratio, and the compression ratio of the indicator diagram data is further improved.
In some embodiments, the step S1120 above determining whether the third compression rate is decreased relative to the second compression rate, and if so, updating the first compression rate with the larger second compression rate for comparison with the set compression rate threshold, which may specifically include:
respectively judging whether a third compression ratio corresponding to a third normal difference width obtained by increasing a set modification value is reduced relative to the second compression ratio, judging whether a third compression ratio corresponding to a third normal difference width obtained by reducing the set modification value by a set multiple is reduced relative to the second compression ratio, and if so, updating the first compression ratio by using the larger one of the second compression ratio corresponding to the second normal difference width obtained by increasing the set modification value and the second compression ratio corresponding to the second normal difference width obtained by reducing the set modification value by the set multiple for comparison with the set compression ratio threshold; the setting rule includes increasing the setting modification value and decreasing the setting modification value.
The setting multiple is intended to indicate that the degree of increase and the degree of decrease may be the same or different, and therefore the setting multiple may be an integer multiple such as 1 time, 2 times, 3 times, or the like, or a fractional multiple such as 1/2 times, 1/3 times, 1/4 times, 3/2 times, 4/3 times, 6/5 times, or the like.
In this implementation, in a modification process, two modes of modification can be performed simultaneously, that is, the modification of the set modification value is increased and the set multiple is decreased, so that the situation of the compression ratio obtained based on the modified normal difference width can be sequentially judged from the direction in which the normal difference width is increased and the direction in which the normal difference width is decreased. If the compression rates obtained by the two modification methods start to decrease, the first compression rate in step S140 is updated by using the largest of the two compression rates obtained before, so as to obtain the compressed indicator diagram data. Therefore, the conditions of the compression ratios corresponding to the normal difference width smaller than the first normal difference width and larger than the first normal difference width can be simultaneously considered, the coverage range of the considered normal difference width is wider, the modification efficiency is higher, and the compressed indicator diagram data with the larger compression ratio can be obtained more quickly.
In other embodiments, in a modification process, when two modifications are performed simultaneously, the modification of the first setting modification value and the modification of the second setting modification value may be increased and decreased, and the first setting modification value and the second setting modification value may be different.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, before the step S110, that is, before calculating a difference between two data in the indicator diagram data sequence at a distance from a set position to obtain a difference sequence and a reference value, the indicator diagram data compression method shown in fig. 1 may further include:
step S1130: acquiring an original sequence of indicator diagram data, and performing precision processing on the original sequence according to a first precision divisor to obtain a first input data sequence serving as the indicator diagram data sequence; the original sequence is a load sequence or a displacement sequence.
If an optimal precision divisor has been obtained when compressing the previous indicator diagram, the first precision divisor may be equal to the optimal precision divisor; or the difference DIFF between the two data with the largest difference in the indicator diagram data sequence can be calculatedmaxThen, the index r is calculated as max (DIFF)maxDecimal ofSystem digit-set value, 0) (the load data in indicator diagram can generally remove the decimal digit more than 3 as the jumping point, and set the set value to 3, i.e. the first precision divisor is 1); finally, the initial precision divisor is 10rAs the first precision divisor. For example, the set value may be 3. The original sequence of the indicator diagram data may be a load sequence in the indicator diagram data or a displacement sequence in the indicator diagram data, so that the load in the indicator diagram data or the displacement in the indicator diagram data may be compressed, respectively.
For original sequence OV1、OV2…OVi…OVnThe precision processing may be performed by, for example, Vi＝integer(OViThe precision divisor is DIV, and an input data sequence V is obtained after precision processing1...Vn。
In this embodiment, by performing precision processing on the original sequence of the indicator diagram data, the size of the difference can be reduced, so that the number of binary bits of the difference is reduced, and the compression rate of the indicator diagram data can be improved.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the indicator diagram data compression method shown in fig. 4 may further include:
step S1140: and under the condition that the first compression ratio is not greater than the set compression ratio threshold, judging whether the first precision divisor is smaller than the set precision divisor threshold, if not, executing the step of obtaining compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence.
The set precision divisor threshold may be, for example, a maximum precision divisor minus a step size. If the first precision divisor is not less than the set precision divisor threshold, that is, the first precision divisor is greater than or equal to the set precision divisor threshold, it indicates that the first precision divisor has met the requirement of precision processing, and at this time, the step of obtaining the compressed indicator diagram data in step S140 "may be directly performed to obtain the compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence, and the first normal difference sequence". The first precision divisor is guaranteed not to be smaller than the set precision divisor threshold value by the above step S1140.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the indicator diagram data compression method shown in fig. 5 may further include:
step S1150: increasing the first precision divisor to a second precision divisor by a set step size under the condition that the first precision divisor is smaller than the set precision divisor threshold;
step S1160: and performing precision processing on the original sequence again according to the second precision divisor to obtain a second input data sequence, and replacing the first input data sequence with the second input data sequence to be used as the indicator diagram data sequence.
The set step size can be preset according to needs. If the precision processing is performed based on the second precision divisor, a compression rate is obtained through, for example, steps S110 to S130, and if the obtained compression rate is not greater than the set compression rate threshold, a set step size may be continuously added to the current precision divisor, and the iteration is performed in sequence until the compression rate corresponding to the precision divisor after the set step size is added is greater than the set compression rate threshold, and the precision divisor at this time is used as the optimal precision divisor. Therefore, the optimal precision divisor can be found by continuously and repeatedly carrying out precision processing on the original sequence according to the increased precision divisor, and the processing precision of the original sequence can be further improved.
The precision divisor can be adaptively adjusted by the steps S1150 and S1160 to be not less than the set precision divisor threshold, so that the precision of the precision processing result is ensured. Within the acceptable loss (within the threshold value of the precision divisor), the precision divisor is increased, the size of the difference value is reduced, the number of stored digits can be reduced, and the compression rate is improved.
In some embodiments, the step S140 of outputting the compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence may include:
and merging the reference value, the first precision divisor, the first normal difference width, the number of data points of the first special difference sequence, the number of data points of the first normal difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence according to a set frame format to obtain compressed indicator diagram data.
The set frame format may include not only the reference value, the normal difference width, the number of data points of the special difference sequence, the number of data points of the normal difference sequence, and the normal difference sequence, but also the precision divisor. The reference value, the precision divisor, the normal difference width, the number of data points of the special difference sequence, the number of data points of the normal difference sequence, and the relative position of the normal difference sequence can be adjusted.
In some embodiments, the iteration process of determining whether the compression ratio is greater than the set compression ratio threshold, the iteration process of determining whether the precision divisor is less than the set precision divisor threshold, and the iteration process of determining whether the compression ratio corresponding to the modified normal difference width is reduced may be performed simultaneously.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention dynamically and adaptively adjusts the compression parameters and the process according to the working condition (indicator diagram) of the field oil pumping unit, so that the indicator diagram data after compression is optimal, and the indicator diagram data volume is reduced, thereby reducing the requirements on the bandwidth of a communication network, and achieving the purposes of reducing the construction cost of the communication network and improving the selectivity.
The following describes an implementation of the indicator diagram data compression method according to the present invention in a specific embodiment.
In one embodiment, the indicator diagram data compression method compresses the load and the displacement of the current indicator diagram respectively. Assume that the original load data sequence or displacement data sequence is OV1...OVnOriginal indicator diagram data sequence OV1...OVnThe compressed frame format may be as shown in table 1, including: reference value VBASE ═OV1Precision divisor DIV, normal difference bit number WIDTH, special difference number NSPVA special difference sequence (each data point comprising a data position PSP)iAnd data value VSPi，i＝1～NSPV) Number of normal differences NnvNormal difference sequence VN1～VNNnv(the normal difference sequence may not contain a data location. during decompression, the difference sequence is obtained by inserting the data location of the special difference record into the normal difference sequence). Wherein N isSPV+Nnv+1＝n。
| VBASE | DIV | WIDTH | NSPV | PSP1 | VSP1 | … | PSPNspv | VSPNspv | Nnv | VN1 | … | VNNnv |
TABLE 1 frame format for compressed indicator diagram data
Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for compressing indicator diagram data according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the indicator diagram data compression method may include the following processes:
(1) presetting parameters: minimum compression ratio ZIPRminMaximum precision divisor DIVmaxAnd STEP size STEP;
(2) DIFF with optimal precision already when compressing the previous indicator diagrambestThen initial precision divisor DIVinit＝DIFFbest(ii) a Otherwise, calculating the maximum difference DIFFmax＝max(OV1...OVn)-min(OV1...OVn) I.e. the difference between the maximum and minimum values in the original sequence, and then calculate the index r as max (DIFF)maxDecimal digits of-3, 0); finally, the initial precision divisor DIV is obtainedinit10^ r; setting the current precision divisor DIV as DIVinit；
(3) Precision processing of the original sequence, Vi＝integer(OVi(DIV), (i ═ 1 to n) to obtain the input data sequence V1...Vn；
(4) Calculating difference DV by using input data sequence after precision processingi＝OVi+1-OVi(i is 1 to n-1) to obtain a reference value OV1Sum and difference sequence DV1...DVn-1；
(5) For difference value sequence DV1...DVn-1Performing optimal compression calculation to obtain a compressed sequence ZV1...ZVkAnd a compression ratio ZIPR;
(6) if ZIPR is greater than the minimum pressureShrinkage ZIPRminIf yes, ending the compression process; if less than ZIPRminThen, the next step is carried out;
(7) judging whether the current precision divisor DIV is smaller than the maximum precision divisor DIVmaxSTEP, if yes, then DIV is DIV + STEP, and jump back to STEP (3) to continue processing; otherwise, the compression process is ended.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an optimal compression calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. With reference to fig. 8, in the indicator diagram data compression method shown in fig. 7, in step (7), the optimal compression calculation process may specifically include:
(71) if the last indicator diagram is compressed to have the optimal normal difference WIDTH WIDTHbestThen, the initial normal difference WIDTH is set to be WIDTHbest(ii) a Otherwise, the preset value WIDTH is adoptedinit(ii) a Calculating the maximum value MAX of the normal difference valueVN＝(1<<WIDTH)-1；
(72) Number of special differences NSPVThe initial value can be 0, and the difference value sequence DV is browsed1...DVn-1If DVi>MAXVNThen DV is determinediPutting a special difference sequence and recording the position PSP of the special difference sequenceiSum VSPiAnd N isSPVAdding 1; after the browsing is finished, a difference value sequence SP is formed1...SPNspv(ii) a The other values in the difference series form the normal difference series VN1～VNNnv；
(73) Calculating the compression ratio ZIPR ═ LEN (DV)1...DVn-1)/(LEN(SP1...SPNspv)+LEN(VN1～VNNnv) +6)，LEN(DV1...DVn-1) Indicating the length of the difference sequence, LEN (SP)1...SPNspv) Indicating the length of a particular sequence of differences, LEN (VN)1～VNNnv) Indicates the length of the normal difference sequence;
(74) two branch calculations were performed separately: adding 1 to the normal difference WIDTH WIDTH and subtracting 1 from the normal difference WIDTH WIDTH, jumping back to the step (72) for recompression and calculating the compression ratio, and stopping until the compression ratio becomes smaller;
(75) all normality found in the calculationSelecting the normal difference WIDTH WIDTH with the maximum compression ratio ZIPR as the optimal compression from the difference WIDTH WIDTH and the compression ratio ZIPR; compressing the reference value VBASE, the precision divisor DIV, the normal difference WIDTH WIDTH and the number N of the abnormal differencesSPVAbnormal difference sequence SP1...SPNspv(data values including data location and binary representation), number of normal differences NnvNormal difference sequence VN1～VNNnvCombined into a compressed sequence ZV1...ZVk。
Although the method of the embodiment adopts double iterations for compression, after the first calculation is good, the subsequent iterations are few, and the fine adjustment is basically performed only near the optimal value, so the operation efficiency is extremely high.
By using the indicator diagram data compression method of the embodiment, the data volume of the indicator diagram is reduced by 80% on average; therefore, the requirements on the bandwidth of the communication network are greatly reduced, and the aims of reducing the construction cost of the communication network and improving the selectivity are fulfilled. The system is particularly applied to a wellhead monitoring subsystem of the oil pumping unit, compared with a broadband communication network in use, the system can use a low-power consumption narrowband wireless communication network, and the construction cost of the communication network is reduced by 75%. Meanwhile, due to the reduction of communication power consumption and the reduction of communication data volume, the service life of a battery of equipment using the method of the invention is prolonged by 300%.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for transmitting the indicator diagram data. Fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an indicator diagram data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 9, the indicator diagram data transmission method according to the embodiment may include:
step S210: acquiring indicator diagram data by monitoring a wellhead pumping unit;
step S220: respectively compressing load data and displacement data in the indicator diagram data by using the indicator diagram data compression method in each embodiment;
step S230: and transmitting the compressed load data and the compressed displacement data by using a communication network.
Since the indicator diagram data is compressed by using the indicator diagram data compression method described in the above embodiments, the data volume is greatly reduced, so that the compressed indicator diagram data can be transmitted by using a low-cost narrow-band communication network, for example, sent from an indicator to a wellhead controller (RTU)/wellhead control unit.
Based on the same inventive concept as the indicator diagram data compression method shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application further provides an indicator diagram data compression apparatus, as described in the following embodiments. Because the principle of the indicator diagram data compression device for solving the problems is similar to the indicator diagram data compression method, the implementation of the indicator diagram data compression device can refer to the implementation of the indicator diagram data compression method, and repeated parts are not repeated.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an indicator diagram data compression apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10, the indicator diagram data compression apparatus of the present embodiment may include: a difference data generating unit 310, a special difference generating unit 320, a compression rate generating unit 330, and a compressed data generating unit 340, which are connected in this order.
A difference data generating unit 310 configured to: calculating the difference value of each two data at a distance from the set position in the indicator diagram data sequence to obtain a difference value sequence and a reference value;
a special difference generating unit 320 for: extracting difference data larger than the maximum value of the first normal difference from the difference sequence to obtain a first special difference sequence; the first normal difference maximum value is determined according to a first normal difference width; each data point of the first special difference sequence comprises a data position and a binary represented data value;
a compression rate generation unit 330 for: calculating to obtain a first compression ratio according to the length of the first special difference sequence and the length of the first normal difference sequence; the first normal difference sequence is a difference set of the difference sequence and the first special difference sequence, and comprises binary-represented data values;
a compressed data generating unit 340 for: and comparing the first compression rate with a set compression rate threshold, and obtaining compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence under the condition that the first compression rate is greater than the set compression rate threshold.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for transmitting the indicator diagram data. Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an indicator diagram data transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 11, the indicator diagram data transmission device of the present embodiment may include: the indicator diagram data acquisition unit 410, the indicator diagram data compression unit 420 and the indicator diagram data transmission unit 430 are sequentially connected.
An indicator diagram data acquisition unit 410 configured to: acquiring indicator diagram data by monitoring a wellhead pumping unit;
an indicator diagram data compression unit 420, configured to: respectively compressing load data and displacement data in the indicator diagram data by using the indicator diagram data compression device in the embodiment;
an indicator diagram data transmission unit 430, configured to: and transmitting the compressed load data and the compressed displacement data by using a communication network.
Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to the above-mentioned embodiments.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method described in the above embodiments are implemented.
In summary, in the indicator diagram data compression method, the indicator diagram data transmission method, the indicator diagram data compression apparatus, the indicator diagram data transmission apparatus, the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer device according to the embodiments of the present invention, the indicator diagram data sequence is converted into the difference sequence, and the difference data greater than the maximum value of the first normal difference is extracted from the difference sequence to obtain the first special difference sequence, so that the indicator diagram data can be compressed by using the repeatability of the difference data. Moreover, by calculating a first compression ratio according to the length of the first special difference sequence and the length of the first normal difference sequence, and obtaining a compressed indicator diagram data sequence when the first compression ratio is greater than a set threshold, the compression ratio can be adjusted by adjusting compression parameters, such as setting a compression ratio threshold, and further the compression ratio can be increased and the data amount of the indicator diagram can be reduced by increasing the set compression ratio threshold. Furthermore, the compression rate can be further improved by adjusting the compression parameters such as the normal difference width, the precision divisor and the like, and the data volume of the indicator diagram is reduced.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "a particular embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," "an example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The sequence of steps involved in the various embodiments is provided to schematically illustrate the practice of the invention, and the sequence of steps is not limited and can be suitably adjusted as desired.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. An indicator diagram data compression method, comprising:
calculating the difference value of each two data at a distance from the set position in the indicator diagram data sequence to obtain a difference value sequence and a reference value;
extracting difference data larger than the maximum value of the first normal difference from the difference sequence to obtain a first special difference sequence; the first normal difference maximum value is determined according to a first normal difference width; each data point of the first special difference sequence comprises a data position and a binary represented data value;
calculating to obtain a first compression ratio according to the length of the first special difference sequence and the length of the first normal difference sequence; the first normal difference sequence is a difference set of the difference sequence and the first special difference sequence, and comprises binary-represented data values;
and comparing the first compression rate with a set compression rate threshold, and obtaining compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence under the condition that the first compression rate is greater than the set compression rate threshold.
2. The method for compressing indicator diagram data according to claim 1, wherein the first compression ratio is compared with a set compression ratio threshold, and when the first compression ratio is greater than the set compression ratio threshold, before obtaining the compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence, the method further comprises:
modifying the first normal difference width according to a set rule to obtain a second normal difference width, and determining a second normal difference maximum value according to the second normal difference width;
extracting difference data larger than the maximum value of the second normal difference from the difference sequence to obtain a second special difference sequence; each data point of the second special difference sequence comprises a data position and a binary represented data value;
calculating to obtain a second compression ratio according to the length of the second special difference sequence and the length of the second normal difference sequence; the second normal difference sequence is a difference set of the difference sequence and the second special difference sequence, and comprises binary-represented data values;
and judging whether the second compression ratio is reduced relative to the first compression ratio, if so, comparing the first compression ratio with the set compression ratio threshold value, wherein the first compression ratio is larger.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the comparing the first compression ratio with a set compression ratio threshold value, and before obtaining the compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence if the first compression ratio is greater than the set compression ratio threshold value, further comprises:
under the condition that the second compression ratio is not reduced relative to the first compression ratio, modifying the second normal difference width according to the set rule to obtain a third normal difference width, and determining a third normal difference maximum value according to the third normal difference width;
extracting difference data larger than the maximum value of the third normal difference from the difference sequence to obtain a third special difference sequence; each data point of the third special difference sequence comprises a data position and a binary represented data value;
calculating to obtain a third compression ratio according to the length of the third special difference sequence and the length of the third normal difference sequence; the third normal difference sequence is a difference set of the difference sequence and the third special difference sequence, and comprises binary-represented data values;
and judging whether the third compression ratio is reduced relative to the second compression ratio, if so, updating the first compression ratio by using the larger second compression ratio for comparing with the set compression ratio threshold.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining whether the third compression rate is reduced relative to the second compression rate, and if so, updating the first compression rate with the second compression rate that is greater for comparison with the set compression rate threshold comprises:
respectively judging whether a third compression ratio corresponding to a third normal difference width obtained by increasing a set modification value is reduced relative to the second compression ratio, judging whether a third compression ratio corresponding to a third normal difference width obtained by reducing the set modification value by a set multiple is reduced relative to the second compression ratio, and if so, updating the first compression ratio by using the larger one of the second compression ratio corresponding to the second normal difference width obtained by increasing the set modification value and the second compression ratio corresponding to the second normal difference width obtained by reducing the set modification value by the set multiple for comparison with the set compression ratio threshold; the setting rule includes increasing the setting modification value and decreasing the setting modification value.
5. The method for compressing indicator diagram data according to claim 1, wherein before calculating the difference between each two data at a distance from a set position in the indicator diagram data sequence and obtaining the difference sequence and the reference value, the method further comprises:
acquiring an original sequence of indicator diagram data, and performing precision processing on the original sequence according to a first precision divisor to obtain a first input data sequence serving as the indicator diagram data sequence; the original sequence is a load sequence or a displacement sequence.
6. The indicator diagram data compression method of claim 5, further comprising:
and under the condition that the first compression ratio is not greater than the set compression ratio threshold, judging whether the first precision divisor is smaller than the set precision divisor threshold, if not, executing the step of obtaining compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence.
7. The indicator diagram data compression method of claim 6, further comprising:
increasing the first precision divisor to a second precision divisor by a set step size under the condition that the first precision divisor is smaller than the set precision divisor threshold;
and performing precision processing on the original sequence again according to the second precision divisor to obtain a second input data sequence, and replacing the first input data sequence with the second input data sequence to be used as the indicator diagram data sequence.
8. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein outputting the compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence comprises:
and merging the reference value, the first precision divisor, the first normal difference width, the number of data points of the first special difference sequence, the number of data points of the first normal difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence according to a set frame format to obtain compressed indicator diagram data.
9. An indicator diagram data transmission method, comprising:
acquiring indicator diagram data by monitoring a wellhead pumping unit;
respectively compressing load data and displacement data in the indicator diagram data by using the indicator diagram data compression method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;
and transmitting the compressed load data and the compressed displacement data by using a communication network.
10. An indicator diagram data compression device, comprising:
a difference data generation unit configured to: calculating the difference value of each two data at a distance from the set position in the indicator diagram data sequence to obtain a difference value sequence and a reference value;
a special difference generation unit for: extracting difference data larger than the maximum value of the first normal difference from the difference sequence to obtain a first special difference sequence; the first normal difference maximum value is determined according to a first normal difference width; each data point of the first special difference sequence comprises a data position and a binary represented data value;
a compression rate generation unit for: calculating to obtain a first compression ratio according to the length of the first special difference sequence and the length of the first normal difference sequence; the first normal difference sequence is a difference set of the difference sequence and the first special difference sequence, and comprises binary-represented data values;
a compressed data generation unit for: and comparing the first compression rate with a set compression rate threshold, and obtaining compressed indicator diagram data according to the reference value, the first normal difference width, the first special difference sequence and the first normal difference sequence under the condition that the first compression rate is greater than the set compression rate threshold.
11. An indicator diagram data transmission device, comprising:
an indicator diagram data acquisition unit configured to: acquiring indicator diagram data by monitoring a wellhead pumping unit;
an indicator diagram data compression unit to: respectively compressing load data and displacement data in the indicator diagram data by using the indicator diagram data compression device as claimed in claim 10;
an indicator diagram data transmission unit configured to: and transmitting the compressed load data and the compressed displacement data by using a communication network.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
13. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 9 are implemented when the program is executed by the processor.
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