CN109039401A - A kind of antenna resources SCMA downlink detection method - Google Patents
A kind of antenna resources SCMA downlink detection method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
- H04L1/0055—MAP-decoding
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Abstract
A kind of antenna resources SCMA downlink detection method, the present invention relates to antenna resources SCMA downlink detection methods.The purpose of the present invention is to solve existing MIMO method, transmission efficiency is low, and user's access is few, and the bit error rate for transmitting information is high, the problem that reliability is low and existing SCMA capacity is low.Process are as follows: one, send the information that end subscriber is sent and reach base station, it is encoded, and the information after coding is sent using the mutually independent transmission antenna of K root, after slow fading channel, the mutually independent receiving antenna of K root, which obtains receiving end subscriber, receives signal；Two, the receiver for receiving end subscriber receives signal progress MIMO detection processing by docking terminating subscriber by squeeze theorem matrix or least mean-square error processing array, obtains equivalent received matrix；Three, initial posterior probability is obtained；Four, the bit information that each transmission end subscriber is sent is obtained.The present invention is used for SCMA downlink detection field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna resources SCMA downlink detection methods.
Background technique
SCMA meets the 5th Generation Mobile Communication System as a kind of new non-orthogonal multiple access technology, with its overload characteristic
The requirement such as big connection, low time delay for being proposed.
It is mostly to be carried out under awgn channel, but SCMA itself has well at this stage about SCMA systematic research
Diversity performance can fight fading channel well by reasonably being designed transmitter, receiver, promote communication
The reliability of system.Research both domestic and external is not temporarily unfolded the diversity performance of SCMA and its receiving algorithm.
Transmission efficiency is low for existing MIMO method, and user's access is few, and the bit error rate for transmitting information is high, and reliability is low, and
Existing SCMA capacity is low.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve existing MIMO method, transmission efficiency is low, and user's access is few, transmits the mistake of information
Bit rate is high, the problem that reliability is low and existing SCMA capacity is low, and proposes a kind of antenna resources SCMA downlink detection
Method.
A kind of antenna resources SCMA downlink detection method detailed process are as follows:
Step 1: sending the information that end subscriber is sent reaches base station, the SCMA code book that base station is rotated according to planisphere is to base
The information that the transmission end subscriber that station receives is sent is encoded, and uses the mutually independent transmission of K root to the information after coding
Antenna is sent, and after slow fading channel, the mutually independent receiving antenna of K root obtains receiving end subscriber reception signal r；
Step 2: the receiver for receiving end subscriber passes through squeeze theorem matrix WZFOr least mean-square error processing array WMMSE
It docks terminating subscriber and receives signal r progress MIMO detection processing, obtain equivalent received matrix
Step 3: utilizing equivalent received matrixThe different of the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio of the road Zhongk signal complete maximum in probability domain
Than merging, initial posterior probability is obtained
Step 4: to initial posterior probabilityMPA detection is carried out, the ratio that each transmission end subscriber is sent is obtained
Special information.
The invention has the benefit that
The present invention uses antenna for base station as the resource of SCMA downlink, using the dilute of the lower antenna resources of complexity
The ZF-MPA detection algorithm and MMSE-MPA detection algorithm for dredging CDMA access (SCMA) downlink, have fully considered SCMA
Diversity, the diversity and multiplexing characteristics of overload characteristic and MIMO, algorithm in MIMO multiaerial system by utilizing SCMA to believe
Number diversity performance increase the number of users of access, and significantly improve the efficiency of transmission of MIMO method, while also effective drop
The bit error rate of information is transmitted under low big signal-to-noise ratio.The present invention can also be with lower reception delay to anti-fading, promotion
The reliability of the resource of SCMA downlink, while improving relative to the SCMA system of frequency of use resource the capacity of system.
AR-SCMA of the present invention is obtained in conjunction with Fig. 5, and ZF-MPA uses the SCMA downlink system of antenna resources, using connection
Force zero-MPA detection method is closed in Eb/N0When being 18, the bit error rate 0.02；
AR-SCMA of the present invention, MMSE-MPA are the SCMA downlink system using antenna resources, minimum using joint
Square error-MPA detection method is in Eb/N0When being 14, the bit error rate 0.02.
E of the present invention is obtained in conjunction with Fig. 5b/N0When being 20, the bit error rate of ZF-MPA is 0.007；The bit error rate of ZF is 0.07；
E of the present invention is obtained in conjunction with Fig. 5b/N0When being 20, the bit error rate of MMSE-MPA is 0.004；The bit error rate of MMSE is
0.02；
It obtains using the bit error rate of ZF-MPA and MMSE-MPA method of the invention lower than existing method, achieves certain effect
Fruit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is inventive antenna resource SCMA system block diagram, and s is complex vector, s1For the 1st element in complex vector, s2For
The 2nd element in complex vector, sKFor the k-th element in complex vector, T is transposition, X(1)、X(2)、X(J)It represents by generating square
Battle array G carries out the information after SCMA coded treatment；
Fig. 2 is that inventive antenna resource SCMA signal transmits schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that inventive antenna resource SCMA signal transmits schematic diagram in equivalent channel,For etc.
Imitate channel transmission coefficients,For equivalent noise；
Fig. 4 is flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is ber curve figure；
ZF is squeeze theorem；
MMSE is minimum mean-squared error algorithm；
ML is that (performance is best, but algorithm complexity highest, is exponential, it is impossible to be used in practical system for Maximum Likelihood Detection
System)；
AR-SCMA, ZF are the SCMA downlink system using antenna resources, using squeeze theorem；
AR-SCMA, ZF-MPA are the SCMA downlink system using antenna resources, using joint force zero-MPA detection；
AR-SCMA, MMSE are the SCMA downlink system using antenna resources, using minimum mean-squared error algorithm；
AR-SCMA, MMSE-MPA are the SCMA downlink system using antenna resources, are missed using joint lowest mean square
Difference-MPA detection；
BER is bit error rate；
AR-SCMA, ZF-MPA and AR-SCMA, MMSE-MPA are the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: illustrating present embodiment, a kind of antenna resources SCMA of present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 4
Downlink detection method detailed process are as follows:
Joint ZF-MPA and MMSE-MPA detection algorithm
This system detects signal using joint ZF-MPA and MMSE-MPA detection algorithm.The core concept of ZF detection
It is that K is tieed up to reception signal to project to respectively in K orthogonal subspaces, oneself is done with eliminating other K-1 circuit-switched datas
It disturbs.The core concept of MMSE detection is to make to estimate that signal and original signal mean square error are minimum.By the way that ZF detection is detected with MMSE
MPA algorithm is combined to the detection algorithm that the SCMA downlink system of antenna resources can be obtained.Come especially by following steps
It realizes:
Step 1: sending the information that end subscriber is sent reaches base station, SCMA (J, K, M) (J that base station is rotated according to planisphere
To send end subscriber number, K represents antenna for base station number, and the information that M represents a user is loaded on M root antenna) code book pair
The information that the transmission end subscriber that base station receives is sent is encoded, and uses the mutually independent hair of K root to the information after coding
Antennas is sent, and after slow fading channel, the mutually independent receiving antenna of K root obtains receiving end subscriber reception signal r (transmission
Hold the information of whole users)；
Step 2: the receiver for receiving end subscriber passes through squeeze theorem matrix WZFOr least mean-square error processing array WMMSE
It docks terminating subscriber and receives signal r (information of transmitting terminal whole user) progress MIMO detection processing, obtain equivalent received matrix
Step 3: utilizing equivalent received matrixThe different of the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio of the road Zhongk signal (are sending end subscriber hair
The information sent) probability domain completion maximum-ratio combing, obtain initial posterior probability
Step 4: using Tanner figure to initial posterior probability according on the right side of Fig. 3MPA detection is carried out,
Obtain the bit information that each transmission end subscriber is sent.
Specific embodiment 2: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: transmitting terminal in the step 1
The information that user sends reaches base station, and (J is to send end subscriber number, K generation to the SCMA (J, K, M) that base station is rotated according to planisphere
Table antenna for base station number, the information that M represents a user are loaded on M root antenna) transmitting terminal that receives to base station of code book uses
The information that family is sent is encoded, and is sent to the information after coding using the mutually independent transmission antenna of K root, by slow fading
After channel, the mutually independent receiving antenna of K root obtains receiving end subscriber reception signal (information of transmitting terminal whole user)；Specifically
Process are as follows:
Antenna resources SCMA system structure design
It sends the information that end subscriber is sent and reaches base station, the SCMA code book that base station is rotated according to planisphere receives base station
The information that sends of J user of transmitting terminal carry out SCMA coding, generate SCMA signal, SCMA signal is by vector summer superposition
Form the complex vector s of K dimension afterwards together, complex vector s passes through after deserializer again by k-th of element s in complex vector skIt reflects
It is mapped on kth root antenna and sends；K represents antenna for base station number；K=1,2 ..., K；J value is positive integer；
The mutually independent transmission antenna of Base Transmitter generator terminal K root occupies identical time and frequency in antenna resources SCMA
Resource sends signal, and the K root receiving antenna for receiving end subscriber j is to the mutually independent transmission antenna of Base Transmitter generator terminal K root
(occupy same time and frequency) signal is received, and antenna resources SCMA channel matrix is the square matrix of a K × K；J=1,
2,...,J；
Each antenna for receiving end subscriber and being configured with identical quantity with base station transmitter receives end subscriber and receives signal expression
For
R=Hs+n
Wherein n is noise matrix；H is channel matrix；
And the reception signal received at end subscriber kth root receiving antenna is expressed as
rk=H (k) s+nk
Wherein H (k) indicates the row k of channel matrix H, nkFor the row k of noise matrix n；
S=Gw
Wherein, G is the generator matrix of corresponding code book.
Other steps and parameter are same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 3: the present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that: it is connect in the step 2
The receiver of terminating subscriber passes through squeeze theorem matrix WZFOr least mean-square error processing array WMMSETerminating subscriber is docked to receive
Signal r (information of transmitting terminal whole user) carries out MIMO detection processing, obtains equivalent received matrixDetailed process are as follows:
To allow to be received according to equivalent received block diagram shown in Fig. 3.
Squeeze theorem matrix is WZF=(HH·H)-1HH,
Least mean-square error processing array is
Wherein σ2For noise average power, P is total power signal, and I represents the unit matrix of K × K；HHFor channel matrix H
Conjugate transposition；
The receiver for receiving end subscriber passes through squeeze theorem matrix WZFOr least mean-square error processing array WMMSETo reception
End subscriber receives signal (information of transmitting terminal whole user) r and carries out MIMO detection processing, and treatment process is shown below:
Wherein W is WZFOr WMMSE；For equivalent received matrix.
Other steps and parameter are the same as one or two specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment 4: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three: the step 3
It is middle to utilize equivalent received matrixThe difference of the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio of the road Zhongk signal is in (information for sending end subscriber transmission) probability
Maximum-ratio combing is completed in domain, obtains initial posterior probability；Detailed process are as follows:
Number of users using an antenna resources is the degree ρ that user (receives end subscriber and send end subscriber) noder；
Probabilistic information is initialized for different equivalent signal-to-noise ratios；
Equivalent signal-to-noise ratio is | | W (k) | |2N0；
Wherein, ζk,mIndicate the code word that different user on the signal of kth road (receive end subscriber and send end subscriber) may be sent
Combination (ρ on the signal of kth roadr(vector is for example for the code combinatorics on words that a user's (receive end subscriber and send end subscriber) may send
101)；),The row k of W (k) representing matrix W, | | | |2Expression asks the Europe of vector several
In norm；βk,mIndicate m-th point in the planisphere of the road SCMA Zhongk signal；N0Indicate that the one-sided power spectrum of noise is close
Degree；ηkIndicate normalization factor；Probabilistic information after indicating initialization；For equivalent received matrixThe road Zhongk
Signal；
Initial posterior probability is obtained according to the probabilistic information after initialization:
Wherein,Indicate the code that j-th of user's (receive end subscriber and send end subscriber) may send on the signal of kth road
Word；For the estimated value of the received data of j-th of receiving end user.
Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific embodiment one to three.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified using following embodiment:
Embodiment one:
A kind of antenna resources SCMA downlink detection method of the present embodiment is specifically to be prepared according to the following steps:
Present embodiment is specifically to introduce antenna resources SCMA downlink system and ZF-MPA and MMSE-MPA detection
The course of work of algorithm, it is assumed that condition:
1) channel is slow fading rayleigh channel, and channel coefficients obey Cyclic Symmetry multiple Gauss distribution CN (0,1)；
2) the number of users J of SCMA system is 6, and number of resources K is 4,2 resources of each user occupancy, in each resource
User's number η of carrying is 3；
3) user uses BPSK modulation system.
In conjunction with antenna system SCMA downlink system structural block diagram Fig. 1, signal transmits schematic diagram Fig. 2 and flow chart figure
4, it is realized by following steps:
Step 1: sending the information that end subscriber is sent reaches base station, the SCMA code book that base station is rotated according to planisphere is to base
The information that J user of transmitting terminal that station receives sends carries out the SCMA signal that SCMA coding generates, and SCMA signal passes through vector
Adder forms the complex vector s of K dimension after being superimposed, complex vector s passes through after deserializer again by the kth in complex vector s
A element skIt is mapped on kth root antenna and sends；K represents antenna for base station number；K=1,2 ..., K；J value is positive integer；
The mutually independent transmission antenna of Base Transmitter generator terminal K root occupies identical time and frequency in antenna resources SCMA
Resource sends signal, and the K root receiving antenna for receiving end subscriber j is to the mutually independent transmission antenna of Base Transmitter generator terminal K root
(occupy same time and frequency) signal is received, and antenna resources SCMA channel matrix is the square matrix of a K × K；J=1,
2,...,J；
Each antenna for receiving end subscriber and being configured with identical quantity with base station transmitter receives end subscriber and receives signal expression
For
R=Hs+n
Wherein n is noise matrix；H is channel matrix；
And the reception signal received at end subscriber kth root receiving antenna is expressed as
rk=H (k) s+nk
Wherein H (k) indicates the row k of channel matrix H, nkFor the row k of noise matrix n；
S=Gw
Wherein, G is the generator matrix of corresponding code book.
Step 2: receiver is detected by MIMO signal, i.e., obtained by ZF processing array or MMSE processing array equivalent
Signal is received, to allow to be received according to equivalent received block diagram shown in Fig. 3.
Squeeze theorem matrix is WZF=(HH·H)-1HH,
Least mean-square error processing array is
Wherein σ2For noise average power, P is total power signal, and I represents the unit matrix of K × K；
Treatment process is shown below:
Step 3: utilizing equivalent received matrixThe different of the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio of the road Zhongk signal (are sending end subscriber hair
The information sent) probability domain completion maximum-ratio combing, obtain initial posterior probability
Wherein, ζk,mIndicate the code word that may be sent in k-th of resource, 1≤m≤8, W (k) indicate the kth of processing array W
Row, | | | |2The Euclid norm of vector is sought in expression,J-th of user received data after decoding are represented to estimate
Meter,Represent equivalent received signalsIn k-th of element.
Initial posterior probability is calculated using above formula result
Step 4: using Tanner figure to initial posterior probability according on the right side of Fig. 3MPA detection is carried out,
Obtain the bit information that each transmission end subscriber is sent.
The present invention can also have other various embodiments, without deviating from the spirit and substance of the present invention, this field
Technical staff makes various corresponding changes and modifications in accordance with the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications all should belong to
The protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of antenna resources SCMA downlink detection method, it is characterised in that: the method detailed process are as follows:
Step 1: sending the information that end subscriber is sent reaches base station, the SCMA code book that base station is rotated according to planisphere connects base station
The information that the transmission end subscriber received is sent is encoded, and uses the mutually independent transmission antenna of K root to the information after coding
It sends, after slow fading channel, the mutually independent receiving antenna of K root obtains receiving end subscriber reception signal r；
Step 2: the receiver for receiving end subscriber passes through squeeze theorem matrix WZFOr least mean-square error processing array WMMSEDocking
Terminating subscriber receives signal r and carries out MIMO detection processing, obtains equivalent received matrix
Step 3: utilizing equivalent received matrixThe different of the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio of the road Zhongk signal complete high specific conjunction in probability domain
And obtain initial posterior probability
Step 4: to initial posterior probabilityMPA detection is carried out, the bit letter that each transmission end subscriber is sent is obtained
Breath.
2. a kind of antenna resources SCMA downlink detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 1
The middle information arrival base station for sending end subscriber and sending, the transmission that the SCMA code book that base station is rotated according to planisphere receives base station
The information that end subscriber is sent is encoded, and is sent to the information after coding using the mutually independent transmission antenna of K root, by slow
After fading channel, the mutually independent receiving antenna of K root obtains receiving end subscriber reception signal；Detailed process are as follows:
It sends the information that end subscriber is sent and reaches base station, the hair that the SCMA code book that base station is rotated according to planisphere receives base station
The information that J user of sending end sends carries out SCMA coding, generates SCMA signal, and SCMA signal is superimposed upon one by vector summer
The complex vector s of K dimension is formed after rising, complex vector s passes through after deserializer again by k-th of element s in complex vector skIt is mapped to
It is sent on kth root antenna；K representative antennas number；K=1,2 ..., K；J value is positive integer；
The mutually independent transmission antenna of Base Transmitter generator terminal K root occupies identical time and frequency resource in antenna resources SCMA
Signal is sent, and the K root receiving antenna for receiving end subscriber j is to the mutually independent transmission antenna signal of Base Transmitter generator terminal K root
It is received, antenna resources SCMA channel matrix is the square matrix of a K × K；J=1,2 ..., J；
Each antenna for receiving end subscriber and being configured with identical quantity with base station transmitter receives end subscriber reception signal and is expressed as
R=Hs+n
Wherein n is noise matrix；H is channel matrix；
And the reception signal received at end subscriber kth root receiving antenna is expressed as
rk=H (k) s+nk
Wherein H (k) indicates the row k of channel matrix H, nkFor the row k of noise matrix n.
3. a kind of antenna resources SCMA downlink detection method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the step 2
The middle receiver for receiving end subscriber passes through squeeze theorem matrix WZFOr least mean-square error processing array WMMSEDock terminating subscriber
It receives signal r and carries out MIMO detection processing, obtain equivalent received matrixDetailed process are as follows:
Squeeze theorem matrix is WZF=(HH·H)-1HH,
Least mean-square error processing array is
Wherein σ2For noise average power, P is total power signal, and I represents the unit matrix of K × K；HHFor the conjugation of channel matrix H
Transposition；
The receiver for receiving end subscriber passes through squeeze theorem matrix WZFOr least mean-square error processing array WMMSEReceiving end is used
Family receives signal r and carries out MIMO detection processing, and treatment process is shown below:
Wherein W is WZFOr WMMSE；For equivalent received matrix.
4. a kind of antenna resources SCMA downlink detection method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the step 3
It is middle to utilize equivalent received matrixThe different of the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio of the road Zhongk signal complete maximum-ratio combing in probability domain, obtain just
Beginning posterior probability；Detailed process are as follows:
Number of users using an antenna resources is the degree ρ of user noder；
Probabilistic information is initialized for different equivalent signal-to-noise ratios；
Wherein, ζK, mIndicate the code combinatorics on words that the code word combination that different user is sent on the signal of kth road is sent,The row k of W (k) representing matrix W, | | | |2The Euclid norm of vector is sought in expression；βK, mIndicate SCMA
M-th point in the planisphere of the road Zhongk signal；N0Indicate the one-sided power spectrum density of noise；ηkIndicate normalization factor；Probabilistic information after indicating initialization；For equivalent received matrixThe road Zhongk signal；
Initial posterior probability is obtained according to the probabilistic information after initialization:
Wherein,Indicate the code word that j-th of user may send on the signal of kth road；It is received for j-th of receiving end user
The estimated value of data.
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| CN111371481A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-07-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Downlink SCMA codebook generation method based on multi-matrix cyclic layer space-time structure |
| CN114024638A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Uplink authorization-free system receiving method based on spatial modulation |
| CN115086133A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-09-20 | 深圳市国电科技通信有限公司 | Adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method, device, medium and equipment |
| CN115086133B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-03-05 | 深圳市国电科技通信有限公司 | Adaptive modulation SCMA codebook design method, device, medium and equipment |
| CN116633743A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-08-22 | 南方科技大学 | Multi-user detection method and device based on OTFS-SCMA |
| CN116633743B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2024-02-20 | 南方科技大学 | Multi-user detection method and device based on OTFS-SCMA |
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