CN109039079A - The converter circuit and its circuit board layout structure of DC to DC - Google Patents
The converter circuit and its circuit board layout structure of DC to DC Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109039079A CN109039079A CN201711236708.7A CN201711236708A CN109039079A CN 109039079 A CN109039079 A CN 109039079A CN 201711236708 A CN201711236708 A CN 201711236708A CN 109039079 A CN109039079 A CN 109039079A
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- inductance
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of converter circuit of DC to DC and the circuit board layout structures of the converter circuit of DC to DC, the converter circuit of DC to DC is electrically connected between the first source side and second source side, converter circuit includes the first branch, second branch and the first inductance, the primary side of the first branch and second branch is coupled to the first source side, it is connected in series between the first branch and the secondary side of second branch by the first inductance, the secondary side of the first branch and second branch is further coupled to second source side.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of converter circuit of DC to DC and its circuit board layout structures.
Background technique
The converter of DC to DC can be greatly reduced because it is with high power density, efficient outstanding advantages
System board the space occupied, thus be used widely in fields such as telephone communication, data center, supercomputers.Wherein
The point load power source that 12V exports mainly as intermediate bus bar to rear class is powered, and 28~54V mainly supplies electricity to antenna and phone is set
It is standby.
But with the fast development of fixed network and mobile communication, efficiency and output power to the converter of DC to DC
It is required that higher and higher.People generally pass through paralleling switch component or the method for paralleling switch branch directly obtains higher output
Power, please refers to Fig. 1, and Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the converter circuit of the DC to DC of the prior art.As shown in Figure 1, existing
The converter circuit for having the DC to DC of technology includes the first branch 11, second branch 12 and outputting inductance 13, the first branch
11 include: the first transformer 111, the first primary side switch circuit 112, the first secondary side rectification circuit 113, second branch 12 includes:
Second transformer 121, the second primary side switch circuit 122, the second secondary side rectification circuit 123, one end connection the of outputting inductance 13
The positive output end of one secondary side rectification circuit 113, and successively with the first secondary side rectification circuit 113 and the second secondary side rectification circuit 123
It is connected in series.Although this circuit structure can obtain higher output power, there is also defects in use.It please refers to
Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are circuit voltage oscillogram as duty ratio D < 25% in Fig. 1.As shown in Fig. 2, from the angle of electromagnetic interference (EMI),
Outputting inductance 13 is placed on the output plus terminal of the converter circuit close to DC to DC, leads to the voltage jump frequency of tie point A, B
Rate is 3 times of the switching frequency of the first primary side switch circuit 112 and the second primary side switch circuit 122, and A point and B point are to transformer
All there is parasitic capacitance in primary side and the earth, the jump in potential of higher frequency increases radiation interference and common mode current, is degrading electromagnetism
Interfere (EMI) performance.Therefore it is badly in need of developing a kind of converter circuit of DC to DC for overcoming drawbacks described above.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of turning for DC to DC
Converter circuit is electrically connected between the first source side and second source side, wherein the converter circuit includes first
The primary side of road, second branch and the first inductance, the first branch and the second branch is coupled to first source side, institute
State between the first branch and the secondary side of the second branch by first inductance be connected in series, the first branch with it is described
The secondary side of second branch is coupled to the second source side.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein the first branch includes:
First transformer includes primary side winding and vice-side winding；
First primary side switch circuit, one end are electrically connected at the primary side winding of first transformer, and described first is former
The other end of side switching circuit is electrically connected at first source side；
First secondary side rectification circuit, one end are electrically connected at the vice-side winding of first transformer, and described first is secondary
The other end of side rectification circuit is electrically connected in one end of the second source side and first inductance；
The second branch includes:
Second transformer includes primary side winding and vice-side winding；
Second primary side switch circuit, one end are electrically connected at the primary side winding of second transformer, and described second is former
The other end of side switching circuit is electrically connected at first source side；
Second secondary side rectification circuit, one end are electrically connected at the vice-side winding of second transformer, and described second is secondary
The other end of side rectification circuit is electrically connected at the other end of the second source side and first inductance.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein the vice-side winding of first secondary side rectification circuit and first transformer
Between form the first tie point and the second tie point, between second secondary side rectification circuit and the vice-side winding of second transformer
Third tie point and the 4th tie point are formed, when the converter circuit works, first tie point, second tie point
With the AC impedance of first inductance between the third tie point, the 4th tie point, so that first connection
The voltage of point and second tie point is no longer superimposed with the leaping voltage of the third tie point and the 4th tie point.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein the vice-side winding of first secondary side rectification circuit and first transformer
Between form the first tie point and the second tie point, when the converter circuit works, first tie point and described second connects
The jump frequency of the voltage of contact is the 1 of the switching frequency of the first primary side switch circuit and the second primary side switch circuit
Times.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein also include:
Second inductance；And
Third branch, the third branch includes:
Third transformer includes primary side winding and vice-side winding；
Third primary side switch circuit, one end are electrically connected at the primary side winding of the third transformer, and the third is former
The other end of side switching circuit is electrically connected at first source side；
Third secondary side rectification circuit, one end are electrically connected at the vice-side winding of the third transformer, the third pair
The other end of side rectification circuit is electrically connected at one end of the second source side and second inductance, second inductance
The other end is electrically connected at second secondary side rectification circuit.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein also include at least one third branch and an at least third inductance, Mei Yixiang
Two adjacent third secondary side rectification circuits are connected in series by a third inductance.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein the first primary side switch circuit and the second primary side switch circuit are divided equally
Not Bao Han multiple switch pipe, the described of the same position of the first primary side switch circuit and the second primary side switch circuit open
Phase difference θ=180 °/S between the driving signal of pipe is closed, wherein S is the quantity of branch.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein the first primary side switch circuit, the second primary side switch circuit and each
The third primary side switch circuit separately includes multiple switch pipe, and the first primary side switch circuit, second primary side are opened
Phase difference θ between the driving signal of the switching tube of the same position of powered-down road and each third primary side switch circuit
=180 °/S, wherein S is the quantity of branch.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein the first branch and the second branch are that half-bridge topology, full-bridge are opened up
Flutter one of structure and forward topology structure.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein the first branch and the second branch and the third branch are half-bridge
One of topological structure, full-bridge topologies and forward topology structure.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein the primary side switch circuit of the first branch and the primary side of the second branch
Switching circuit has a duty ratio, the duty ratio is arranged, the first branch and the second branch is made to export zero ripple
Export electric current.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein the primary side switch circuit of the first branch and the primary side of the second branch
The duty ratio of switching circuit is any value between 20% to 30%.
Above-mentioned converter circuit, wherein the primary side switch circuit of the first branch and the primary side of the second branch
The duty ratio of switching circuit is any value between 45% to 50%.
The present invention also provides a kind of converter circuits comprising DC to DC of any of claims 1-11
Circuit board layout structure comprising:
Circuit board has X-direction and the Y direction perpendicular to the X-direction；
Transformer unit is set on the circuit board；
First switch tube group is set on the circuit board and is located at the one of the transformer unit in the X-direction
Side；
First rectifying tube group is set on the circuit board P and in the X-direction positioned at the transformer unit
The other side；
Second switch group is set on the circuit board P and in the X-direction positioned at the transformer unit
Side；
Second rectifying tube group is set on the circuit board P and in the X-direction positioned at the transformer unit
The other side；And
First inductance be set on the circuit board P and be located at the first rectifying tube group and the second rectifying tube group it
Between, wherein the first switch tube group and the second switch group are set to the transformer unit in the Y direction
The same side, the first rectifying tube group and the second rectifying tube group are set to the transformer list in the Y direction
The same side of member.
Above-mentioned circuit board layout structure, wherein the first rectifying tube group and the second rectifying tube group are relative to institute
The first inductance is stated to be symmetrical arranged.
Above-mentioned circuit board layout structure, wherein also include:
Third switching tube group is set on the circuit board P and in the X-direction positioned at the transformer unit
Side；
Third rectifying tube group is set on the circuit board P and in the X-direction positioned at the transformer unit
The other side；And
Second inductance be set on the circuit board P and be located at the second rectifying tube group and the third rectifying tube group it
Between, wherein the third switching tube group is set in the Y direction with the first switch tube group and the second switch group
It is placed in the same side of the transformer unit, the third rectifying tube group and the first rectifying tube group and second rectifying tube
Group is set to the same side of the transformer unit in the Y direction.
Above-mentioned circuit board layout structure, wherein also include:
At least one third switching tube group is set on the circuit board P and is located at the change in the X-direction
The side of depressor unit；
At least one third rectifying tube group is set on the circuit board P and is located at the change in the X-direction
The other side of depressor unit；And
An at least third inductance, each third inductance be set to each two adjacent third rectifying tube groups it
Between.
Above-mentioned circuit board layout structure, wherein the transformer unit and first inductance are integrated into magnetic element.
Above-mentioned circuit board layout structure, wherein the transformer unit and first inductance and second inductance
It is integrated into magnetic element.
Above-mentioned circuit board layout structure, wherein the transformer unit and first inductance, second inductance and
At least one third inductance is integrated into magnetic element.
The effect of being directed to prior art is, by the way that inductance is placed in two secondary side rectification circuit branches
Centre reduces common mode current to reduce radiation interference, improves electromagnetic interference (EMI) performance.It is based on the circuit simultaneously
Structure can make the converter circuit of entire DC to DC more symmetrical on the layout structure of circuit board, improve space
The design of utilization rate and cooling fin, and improve the power density of product.It in a suitable manner, can be by transformer and inductance
It integrates, further increase space utilization rate and increases power density.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the converter circuit of the DC to DC of the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the waveform diagram of circuit in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the waveform diagram of circuit in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 a be in Fig. 3 when duty ratio is 25% secondary circuit waveform diagram；
Fig. 5 b be in Fig. 3 when duty ratio is 50% secondary circuit waveform diagram；
Fig. 6 is the schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the 3rd embodiment structural schematic diagram of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the fourth embodiment structural schematic diagram of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention；
Fig. 9 is that the first embodiment structure of the circuit board layout structure of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention is shown
It is intended to；
Figure 10 is the second embodiment structure of the circuit board layout structure of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention
Schematic diagram；
Figure 11 is the 3rd embodiment structure of the circuit board layout structure of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention
Schematic diagram.
Wherein, appended drawing reference are as follows:
S1: the first source side
S2: second source side
11,21: the first branch
12,22: second branch
24: third branch
111,211: the first transformer
112,212: the first primary side switch circuit
113,213: the first secondary side rectification circuit
121,221: the second transformer
122,222: the second primary side switch circuit
123,223: the second secondary side rectification circuit
241: third transformer
242: third primary side switch circuit
243: third secondary side rectification circuit
K1-K12: switching tube
M1-M12: rectifying tube
231: the first inductance
232: the second inductance
2111: transformer unit
2112: magnetic element
A: the first tie point
B: the second tie point
C: third tie point
D: the four tie point
E: the five tie point
F: the six tie point
P: circuit board
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing: the present embodiment is with skill of the present invention
Implemented under premised on art scheme, give embodiment and operating process, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited to it is following
Embodiment.
Need to illustrate, the present invention in numerical value, be equal to or "=" can have 5% error；Compared with the superior, can there is 10%
Error；More the superior can have 20% error.
Referring to figure 3., Fig. 3 is the schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention.
As shown in figure 3, the converter circuit of DC to DC of the present invention be electrically connected at the first source side S1 and second source side S2 it
Between, converter circuit includes: the first branch 21, second branch 22 and the first inductance 231, the first branch 21 and second branch 22
Primary side is coupled to the first source side S1, passes through 231 company of series connection of the first inductance between the first branch 21 and the secondary side of second branch 22
It connects, the secondary side of the first branch 21 and second branch 22 is further coupled to second source side S2.
Wherein, the first branch 21 includes: the first transformer 211, the first primary side switch circuit 212 and the first secondary side rectified current
Road 213；First transformer 211 includes primary side winding and vice-side winding；One end of first primary side switch circuit 212 is electrically connected at
The primary side winding of first transformer 211, the other end of the first primary side switch circuit 212 are electrically connected at the first source side S1；The
One end of one secondary side rectification circuit 213 is electrically connected at the vice-side winding of the first transformer 211, the first secondary side rectification circuit 213
The other end be electrically connected in second source side S2 and the first inductance 231.Second branch 22 includes: the second transformer 221,
Second primary side switch circuit 222 and the second secondary side rectification circuit 223；Second transformer 221 includes primary side winding and vice-side winding；
One end of second primary side switch circuit 222 is electrically connected at the primary side winding of the second transformer 221, the second primary side switch circuit
222 other end is electrically connected at the first source side S1；One end of second secondary side rectification circuit 223 is electrically connected at the second transformation
The other end of the vice-side winding of device 221, the second secondary side rectification circuit 223 is electrically connected at second source side S2 and the first inductance
231, i.e. the second secondary side rectification circuit 223 is connected in series in the first secondary side rectification circuit 213 by the first inductance 231.Wherein,
One branch 21, second branch 22 are half-bridge topology, but the present invention is not limited thereto.When circuit works, the first secondary side
The secondary side first tie point A of the vice-side winding of rectification circuit 213 and the first transformer 211 and the second tie point B and second rectifies
With the first inductance 231 between the third tie point C and the 4th tie point D of the vice-side winding of circuit 223 and the second transformer 221
AC impedance, so that jump of the voltage of the first tie point A and the second tie point B no longer with third tie point C and the 4th tie point D
Time variant voltage superposition, to reduce the voltage jump frequency of the first tie point A and the second tie point B.
Referring to figure 4., Fig. 4 is the waveform diagram of circuit in Fig. 3.Comparison diagram 4 and Fig. 3 are as it can be seen that based on circuit knot of the invention
Structure, so that jump of the leaping voltage of the first tie point A and the second tie point B no longer with third tie point C and the 4th tie point D
Voltage superposition, to reduce the voltage jump frequency of the first tie point A and the second tie point B, such first tie point A and second
The jump frequency of the voltage of tie point B is 1 times of primary side switch frequency, to reduce radiation interference, reduces common mode current,
Improve electromagnetic interference (EMI) performance.
Further, the first primary side switch circuit 212 of the first branch 21 includes two switching tubes K1, K3, second branch
22 the second primary side switch circuit 222 includes two switching tubes K2, K4, the first primary side switch circuit 212 and the second primary side switch
Phase difference θ=180 °/S between the driving signal of the switching tube of the same position of circuit 222, wherein S is the quantity of branch, i.e.,
The driving of phase difference θ=180 °/S between switching tube K1 and the driving signal of switching tube K2, switching tube K3 and switching tube K4 are believed
Phase difference θ=180 °/S between number, wherein S=2 in the present embodiment, it is noted that the present invention is not to the quantity of branch
It is defined.
Still further, again referring to figure 3. and Fig. 5 a, 5b, Fig. 5 a be in Fig. 3 when duty ratio is 25% secondary circuit wave
Shape figure, Fig. 5 b be in Fig. 3 when duty ratio is 50% secondary circuit waveform diagram.When duty ratio is 25% or 50%, the first electricity
The pressure difference for feeling 231 both end voltages is zero volt, thus obtains the output electric current of zero ripple.It is of the invention as shown in Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b
Converter circuit, the circuit when the duty ratio of primary side switch circuit 212 and primary side switch circuit 222 is 25% or 50%, can
The electric current output of zero current ripple is obtained on secondary side, the internal current of this zero ripple has lesser virtual value, to directly subtract
The conduction loss of few component and the copper loss of transformer；The electric current of zero ripple has lesser high fdrequency component and the skin effect that becomes simultaneously
It answers, to reduce the copper loss of each section inside the converter circuit of DC to DC, can also greatly reduce the pass of primary side switch pipe
Breakdown consumption.Certainly, the duty ratio of the first primary side switch circuit 212 and the second primary side switch circuit 222 can also have certain variation
Range, for example, 20% to 30% or 45% to 50%.Further, when duty ratio is at 20~30% or 45~50%, because
Can reach the internal current of 231 0 ripple of the first inductance using in route stray inductance and lesser input and output capacitor
The ripple of controlling dead error is filtered out, the first inductance 231 can be removed in circuit design at this time, thus in the conversion of DC to DC
Most arrangement space is saved on the circuit board layout structure of device circuit and distributes to power switch component and main transformer, directly
Connect the power density for greatly improving product.
It is worth noting that, the present invention does not limit the first branch 21 and the quantity of second branch 22.It please refers to
Fig. 6, Fig. 6 are the schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention.Converter shown in Fig. 6
Circuit is roughly the same with the structure of the converter circuit shown in Fig. 3, therefore details are not described herein again for same section, now will be different
Place is described as follows.Converter circuit shown in Fig. 6 also includes third branch 24 and the second inductance 232, the first branch 21, second
The primary side of branch 22 and third branch 24 is coupled to the first source side S1, the first branch 21 and second branch 22 after being electrically connected
It is connected in series between secondary side by the first inductance 231, passes through the second inductance between second branch 22 and the secondary side of third branch 24
232 are connected in series, and the secondary side of the first branch 21, second branch 22 and third branch 24 is further coupled to second source side S2.
Wherein, third branch 24 includes: third transformer 241, third primary side switch circuit 242 and third pair side rectified current
Road 243；Third transformer 241 includes primary side winding and vice-side winding；One end of third primary side switch circuit 242 is electrically connected at
The primary side winding of third transformer 241, the other end of third primary side switch circuit 242 are electrically connected at the first source side S1；The
One end of three secondary side rectification circuits 243 is electrically connected at the vice-side winding of third transformer 241, third secondary side rectification circuit 243
The other end be electrically connected at second source side S2 and the second inductance 232, it is whole that the second inductance 232 is also electrically connected at the second secondary side
Current circuit 223.Wherein, the first branch 21, second branch 22 and third branch are half-bridge topology, but the present invention not with
This is limited.In the present embodiment, when circuit works, the vice-side winding of the second secondary side rectification circuit 223 and the second transformer 221
The 5th of the vice-side winding of third tie point C and the 4th tie point D and third secondary side rectification circuit 243 and third transformer 241
With the AC impedance of the second inductance 232 between tie point E and the 6th tie point F, so that third tie point C and the 4th tie point D
Leaping voltage be no longer superimposed with the leaping voltage of the 5th tie point E and the 6th tie point F, thus reduce third tie point C and
The voltage jump frequency of 4th tie point D, and the voltage jump frequency of the first tie point A and the second tie point B are reduced simultaneously.With
This reduces radiation interference, reduces common mode current, improves electromagnetic interference (EMI) performance.It should be noted that in this implementation
No-load loss can also be reduced in example by selection shutdown second branch 22 or third branch 24 and realize broader input and output
Voltage range.
Further, the first primary side switch circuit 212 of the first branch 21 includes two switching tubes K1, K3, second branch
22 the second primary side switch circuit 222 includes two switching tubes K2, K4, and the third primary side switch circuit 242 of third branch 24 wraps
Containing two switching tubes K5, K6, the first primary side switch circuit 212, the second primary side switch circuit 222 and third primary side switch circuit
Phase difference θ=180 °/S between the driving signal of the switching tube of 242 same position, wherein S is the quantity of branch, that is, is switched
It phase difference θ=180 °/S between the driving signal of pipe K1, switching tube K2 and switching tube K5, switching tube K3, switching tube K4 and opens
Phase difference θ=180 °/S between the driving signal of pipe K6 is closed, wherein S=3 in the present embodiment, it is noted that the present invention is simultaneously
The quantity of branch is not defined.
When duty ratio is 25% or 50%, the pressure difference of 232 both end voltage of the first inductance 231 and the second inductance is zero volt,
Thus the output electric current of zero ripple is obtained.Converter circuit of the invention, when the first primary side switch circuit 212, the second primary side are opened
The circuit when duty ratio of powered-down road 222 and third primary side switch circuit 242 is 25% or 50% can obtain zero current on secondary side
The electric current of ripple exports, the internal current of this zero ripple, has lesser virtual value, to directly reduce the conducting damage of component
The copper loss of consumption and transformer；Zero ripple current has lesser high fdrequency component and skin effect simultaneously, so that reducing direct current turns straight
The copper loss of each section, can also greatly reduce the turn-off power loss of primary side switch pipe inside the converter circuit of stream.Certainly, the first primary side
The duty ratio of switching circuit 212, the second primary side switch circuit 222 and third primary side switch circuit 242 can also have certain variation
Range, for example, 20% to 30% or 45% to 50%.Further, when duty ratio is at 20~30% or 45~50%, because
The internal current of zero ripple of the first inductance 231 and the second inductance 232 can be reached, then use stray inductance in route and smaller
Input and output capacitor can filter out the ripple of controlling dead error, the first inductance 231 and can be removed in circuit design at this time
Two inductance 232, so that it is empty to save most layout on the circuit board layout structure of the converter circuit of DC to DC
Between distribute to power switch component and main transformer, directly greatly improve the power density of product.
In another embodiment of the invention, converter circuit also may include multiple third branches 24 and multiple third inductance
(not shown), the structure and connection type and the structure and connection type phase of the third branch shown in Fig. 6 of each third branch 24
Together, it is connected in series between each two adjacent third secondary side rectification circuits 243 by third inductance, while the work of third inductance
It is identical as the working principle of the first inductance 231 and the second inductance 232 to make principle, details are not described herein again.
Further, the first primary side switch circuit 212 of the first branch 21 includes two switching tubes K1, K3, second branch
22 the second primary side switch circuit 222 includes two switching tubes K2, K4, the third primary side switch circuit of each third branch 24
242 include two switching tubes K5, K6, and the first primary side switch circuit 212, the second primary side switch circuit 222 and third primary side are opened
Phase difference θ=180 °/S between the driving signal of the switching tube of the same position on powered-down road 242, wherein S is the quantity of branch,
That is phase difference θ=180 °/S between the driving signal of switching tube K1, switching tube K2 and each switching tube K5, switching tube K3, is opened
Phase difference θ=180 °/S between pipe K4 and the driving signal of each switching tube K6 is closed, it is noted that the present invention is not to branch
The quantity on road is defined.
When duty ratio is 25% or 50%, the first inductance 231, the second inductance 232 and multiple third voltage across the inductors
Pressure difference be zero volt, thus obtain the output electric current of zero ripple.Converter circuit of the invention, when the first primary side switch circuit
212, the circuit when duty ratio of the second primary side switch circuit 222 and multiple third primary side switch circuits 242 is 25% or 50%, energy
Enough output electric currents that zero current ripple is obtained on secondary side, the internal current of this zero ripple have lesser virtual value, thus directly
Reduce the conduction loss of component and the copper loss of transformer；Zero ripple current has lesser high fdrequency component and the skin effect that becomes simultaneously
It answers, to reduce the copper loss of each section inside the converter circuit of DC to DC, can also greatly reduce the pass of primary side switch pipe
Breakdown consumption.Certainly, the first primary side switch circuit 212, the second primary side switch circuit 222 and multiple third primary side switch circuits 242
Duty ratio can also have certain variation range, for example, 20% to 30% or 45% to 50%.Further, work as duty ratio
At 20~30% or 45~50%, because the first inductance 231, the second inductance 232 and multiple zero ripples of third inductance can be reached
Internal current, then using in route stray inductance and lesser input and output capacitor can filter out the ripple of controlling dead error, this
When the first inductance 231, the second inductance 232 and third inductance can be removed in circuit design, thus DC to DC turn
Most arrangement space is saved on the circuit board layout structure of converter circuit distributes to power switch component and main transformer,
Directly greatly improve the power density of product.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment also by selection shutdown second branch 22 or at least one third can be turned off
Branch 24 reduces no-load loss and realizes broader input and output voltage range.
Fig. 7 is please referred to, Fig. 7 is the 3rd embodiment structural schematic diagram of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention.
As shown in fig. 7, the first branch 21 and second branch 22 are active clamp forward topology structure, the primary side of the first branch 21 is electrical
It is connected to the first source side S1, the primary side of second branch 22 is electrically connected at the first source side S1；The first branch 21 and second
It is connected in series between the secondary side on road 22 by the first inductance 231, the secondary side of the first branch 21 and second branch 22 is further coupled to the
Two source side S2.
Further, the first primary side switch circuit 212 of the first branch 21 includes two switching tubes K1, K3, second branch
22 the second primary side switch circuit 222 includes two switching tubes K2, K4, the first primary side switch circuit 212 and the second primary side switch
Phase difference θ=180 °/S between the driving signal of the switching tube of the same position of circuit 222, wherein S is the quantity of branch, i.e.,
The driving of phase difference θ=180 °/S between switching tube K1 and the driving signal of switching tube K2, switching tube K3 and switching tube K4 are believed
Phase difference θ=180 °/S between number, wherein S=2 in the present embodiment, it is noted that the present invention is not to the quantity of branch
It is defined.
The working principle of converter circuit shown in Fig. 7 is identical as the working principle of converter circuit in previous embodiment,
Details are not described herein again.It should be noted that making the resistance to pressure drop of synchronous rectification switch based on the converter circuit shown in Fig. 7
Low, outputting inductance volume reduces, especially in the duty ratio when the first primary side switch circuit 212 and the second primary side switch circuit 222
When equal to 50%, converter circuit works in zero ripple working condition, and product efficiency and power density greatly increase.
Fig. 8 is please referred to, Fig. 8 is the fourth embodiment structural schematic diagram of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention.
As shown in figure 8, in the present embodiment, the first branch 21 and second branch 22 are full-bridge topologies, the original of the first branch 21
While being electrically connected at the first source side S1, the primary side of second branch 22 is electrically connected at the first source side S1；The first branch 21 with
It is connected in series between the secondary side of second branch 22 by the first inductance 231, the secondary side also coupling of the first branch 21 and second branch 22
It is connected to second source side S2.The work of converter circuit in the working principle and previous embodiment of converter circuit shown in Fig. 8
Principle is identical, and details are not described herein again.
Fig. 9 is please referred to, Fig. 9 is the first reality of the circuit board layout structure of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the invention
Apply a structural schematic diagram.As shown in figure 9, the circuit board layout structure of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the present invention includes: electricity
Road plate P, transformer unit 2111, first switch tube group 2121, the first rectifying tube group 2131, second switch group 2221, second
Rectifying tube group 2231 and the first inductance 231；Circuit board P has X-direction and the Y direction perpendicular to X-direction；Transformer
Unit 2111 is set on circuit board P；First switch tube group 2121 is set on circuit board P and is above located at transformation along the x axis
The side of device unit 2111；First rectifying tube group 2131 is set on circuit board P and is above located at transformer unit along the x axis
2111 other side；Second switch group 2221 is set on circuit board P and along the x axis above positioned at transformer unit 2111
Side；Second rectifying tube group 2231 is set on circuit board P and along the x axis above positioned at the other side of transformer unit 2111；
And first switch tube group 2121 and second switch group 2221 along the y axis on be set to the same side of transformer unit 2111,
First rectifying tube group 2131 and the second rectifying tube group 2231 along the y axis on be set to the same side of transformer unit 2111；The
One inductance 231 is set on circuit board P and between the first rectifying tube group 2131 and the second rectifying tube group 2231.Wherein,
One switching tube group 2121, transformer unit 2111 and the first rectifying tube group 2131 constitute the first branch 21, second switch group
2221, transformer unit 2111 and the second rectifying tube group 2231 constitute second branch 22.Wherein, the first branch 21 and second branch
The specific structure and connection relationship of 22 specific structure and connection relationship and the first branch illustrated in fig. 3 21 and second branch 22
Identical, details are not described herein again.
Further, first switch tube group 2121 constitutes the first primary side switch circuit 212 of the first branch 21, first switch
Pipe group 2121 includes switching tube K1, K3, K5, K6, and switching tube K1, K3, K5, K6 are electrically connected at transformer unit 2111, and first
Rectifying tube group 2131 constitute the first branch 21 the first secondary side rectification circuit 213, the first rectifying tube group 2131 include rectifying tube M1,
M2, M3, M4, rectifying tube M1, M2, M3, M4 are electrically connected at transformer unit 2111；Second switch group 2221 constitutes second
The second primary side switch circuit 222 on road 22, second switch group 2221 include switching tube K2, K4, K7, K8, switching tube K2, K4,
K7, K8 are electrically connected at transformer unit 2111, and the second rectifying tube group 2231 constitutes the second secondary side rectified current of second branch 22
Road 223, the second rectifying tube group 2231 include rectifying tube M5, M6, M7, M8, and rectifying tube M5, M6, M7, M8 are electrically connected at transformer
Unit 2111.In this way, making the connection path between the first branch 21 and each element of second branch 22 most short, converter is reduced
The power loss of circuit improves the efficiency of converter circuit；And first switch tube group 2121, second switch group 2221 and
One rectifying tube group 2131,2231 constant power device of the second rectifying tube group are respectively arranged at the two sides of transformer unit 2111, and first
Rectifying tube group 2131 and the second rectifying tube group 2231 are symmetrical arranged relative to the first inductance 231, and entire direct current can be made to turn straight
The converter circuit of stream is more symmetrical on the layout structure of circuit board, improves space utilization rate, is easy to cold air convection, is easy to
Heat dissipation design, and improve the power density of product.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the first transformer 211 and the second transformer 221, which are integrated into transformer unit 2111,
Embodiment, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Figure 10 is please referred to, Figure 10 is the second reality of the circuit board layout structure of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the present invention
Apply a structural schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 10, circuit board layout structure of the invention also includes a third branch 24 and the second inductance
232, third switching tube group 2421 is set on circuit board P and along the x axis above positioned at the side of transformer unit 2111；Third
Rectifying tube group 2431 is set on circuit board P and along the x axis above positioned at the other side of transformer unit 2111；And third is opened
Close pipe group 2421 and first switch tube group 2121 and second switch group 2221 along the y axis on be set to transformer unit 2111
The same side, the upper setting along the y axis of third rectifying tube group 2431 and the first rectifying tube group 2131 and the second rectifying tube group 2231
In the same side of transformer unit 2111；Second inductance 232 is set on circuit board P and is located at the second rectifying tube group 2231 and the
Between three rectifying tube groups 2431.Wherein, the specific structure and connection relationship of the first branch 21, second branch 22 and third branch 24
And the first branch 21 illustrated in fig. 6 and second branch 22 are identical as the specific structure of third branch 24 and connection relationship, herein
Just repeat no more.
Further, third switching tube group 2421 constitutes the third primary side switch circuit 242 of third branch 24, third switch
Pipe group 2421 includes switching tube K9, K10, K11, K12, and switching tube K9, K10, K11, K12 are electrically connected at transformer unit
2111, third rectifying tube group 2431 constitutes the third secondary side rectification circuit 243 of third branch 24, and third rectifying tube group 2431 includes
Rectifying tube M9, M10, M11, M12, rectifying tube M9, M10, M11, M12 are electrically connected at transformer unit 2111.In this way, making
Connection path between each element of one branch 21, second branch 22 and third branch 24 is most short, reduces the function of converter circuit
Rate loss, improves the efficiency of converter circuit, the converter circuit of entire DC to DC can be made in the layout of circuit board
It is more symmetrical in structure, space utilization rate is improved, is easy to cold air convection, is easy to heat dissipation design, and improve the power of product
Density.
It is worth noting that, in the present embodiment with by the first transformer 211, the second transformer 221 and third transformer
241 are integrated into transformer unit 2111 as preferable embodiment, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
It also may include in another embodiment of the invention multiple that wherein the present invention, which is not intended to limit the quantity of third branch,
Third branch 24 and at least a third inductance, each third inductance are set to each two adjacent third pair sides along the y axis
Between rectification circuit 243.
Figure 11 is please referred to, Figure 11 is that the third of the circuit board layout structure of the converter circuit of DC to DC of the present invention is real
Apply a structural schematic diagram.Circuit board layout structure shown in Figure 11 is roughly the same with circuit board layout structure illustrated in fig. 9, therefore
Details are not described herein again for same section, is now described as follows difference, in the present embodiment, by the first inductance 231 and
One transformer 211 and the second transformer 221 are integrated into magnetic element 2112, further increase space utilization rate and increase power is close
Degree.
It should be noted that in other embodiments of the invention, it can also be by the first transformer 211, the second transformer
221, an at least third transformer 241, the first inductance 231, the second inductance 232 and an at least third inductance are integrated into a magnetic member
Part.
In conclusion, to reduce radiation interference, being subtracted by the centre that inductance is placed in two secondary side rectification circuits
Lack common mode current, improves electromagnetic interference (EMI) performance.It is based on the circuit structure simultaneously, entire direct current can be made to turn straight
The converter circuit of stream is more symmetrical on the layout structure of circuit board, improves space utilization rate, is easy to heat dissipation design, and mention
The power density of high product.In a suitable manner, transformer and inductance can be integrated, further increases space utilization
Rate and increase power density.
It should be understood that above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limit skill described in the invention
Art scheme；Meanwhile invention is explained in detail although this specification is referring to above-described embodiment, this field
It is to be appreciated by one skilled in the art that still can modify to the present invention or equivalent replacement；Therefore, all do not depart from the present invention
Spirit and scope technical solution and its improvement, should all cover within the protection scope of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of converter circuit of DC to DC, is electrically connected between the first source side and second source side, feature
It is, the converter circuit includes the first branch, second branch and the first inductance, the first branch and the second branch
Primary side be coupled to first source side, between the first branch and the secondary side of the second branch by it is described first electricity
Sense is connected in series, and the secondary side of the first branch and the second branch is coupled to the second source side.
2. converter circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the first branch includes:
First transformer includes primary side winding and vice-side winding；
First primary side switch circuit, one end are electrically connected at the primary side winding of first transformer, and first primary side is opened
The other end on powered-down road is electrically connected at first source side；
First secondary side rectification circuit, one end are electrically connected at the vice-side winding of first transformer, and the described first secondary side is whole
The other end of current circuit is electrically connected in one end of the second source side and first inductance；
The second branch includes:
Second transformer includes primary side winding and vice-side winding；
Second primary side switch circuit, one end are electrically connected at the primary side winding of second transformer, and second primary side is opened
The other end on powered-down road is electrically connected at first source side；
Second secondary side rectification circuit, one end are electrically connected at the vice-side winding of second transformer, and the described second secondary side is whole
The other end of current circuit is electrically connected at the other end of the second source side and first inductance.
3. converter circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that first secondary side rectification circuit and described first becomes
The first tie point and the second tie point, second secondary side rectification circuit and second transformation are formed between the vice-side winding of depressor
Third tie point and the 4th tie point are formed between the vice-side winding of device, when the converter circuit works, first tie point,
There is the AC impedance of first inductance between second tie point and the third tie point, the 4th tie point, with
Make the voltage of first tie point and second tie point no longer with the third tie point and the 4th tie point
Leaping voltage superposition.
4. converter circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that first secondary side rectification circuit and described first becomes
The first tie point and the second tie point are formed between the vice-side winding of depressor, when the converter circuit works, first connection
The jump frequency of the voltage of point and second tie point is the first primary side switch circuit and second primary side switch electricity
1 times of the switching frequency on road.
5. converter circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that also include:
Second inductance；And
Third branch, the third branch includes:
Third transformer includes primary side winding and vice-side winding；
Third primary side switch circuit, one end are electrically connected at the primary side winding of the third transformer, and the third primary side is opened
The other end on powered-down road is electrically connected at first source side；
Third secondary side rectification circuit, one end are electrically connected at the vice-side winding of the third transformer, and third pair side is whole
The other end of current circuit is electrically connected at the second source side and described second
One end of inductance, the other end of second inductance are electrically connected at second secondary side rectification circuit.
6. converter circuit as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that also include at least one third branch and at least one
Third inductance, each two adjacent third secondary side rectification circuits are connected in series by a third inductance.
7. converter circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the first primary side switch circuit and second original
Side switching circuit separately includes multiple switch pipe, the phase of the first primary side switch circuit and the second primary side switch circuit
With phase difference θ=180 °/S between the driving signal of the switching tube of position, wherein S is the quantity of branch.
8. converter circuit as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the first primary side switch circuit, second original
Side switching circuit and each third primary side switch circuit separately include multiple switch pipe, the first primary side switch electricity
Road, the second primary side switch circuit and each third primary side switch circuit same position the switching tube driving
Phase difference θ=180 °/S between signal, wherein S is the quantity of branch.
9. converter circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the first branch and the second branch are half-bridge
One of topological structure, full-bridge topologies and forward topology structure.
10. converter circuit as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the first branch and the second branch and institute
Stating third branch is one of half-bridge topology, full-bridge topologies and forward topology structure.
11. converter circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the primary side switch circuit of the first branch and institute
The primary side switch circuit for stating second branch has a duty ratio, and the duty ratio is arranged and makes the first branch and described second
Branch exports the output electric current of zero ripple.
12. converter circuit as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the primary side switch circuit of the first branch and institute
State the primary side switch circuit of second branch duty ratio be 20% to 30% between any value.
13. converter circuit as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the primary side switch circuit of the first branch and institute
State the primary side switch circuit of second branch duty ratio be 45% to 50% between any value.
14. a kind of circuit board cloth of the converter circuit comprising DC to DC described in any one of the claims 1-13
Office structure, characterized by comprising:
Circuit board has X-direction and the Y direction perpendicular to the X-direction；
Transformer unit is set on the circuit board；
First switch tube group is set on the circuit board and is located at the side of the transformer unit in the X-direction；
First rectifying tube group is set on the circuit board P and in the X-direction positioned at the another of the transformer unit
Side；
Second switch group is set on the circuit board P and is located at the side of the transformer unit in the X-direction；
Second rectifying tube group is set on the circuit board P and in the X-direction positioned at the another of the transformer unit
Side；And
First inductance is set on the circuit board P and between the first rectifying tube group and the second rectifying tube group,
Wherein, the first switch tube group and the second switch group are set to the transformer unit in the Y direction
The same side, the first rectifying tube group and the second rectifying tube group are set to the transformer unit in the Y direction
The same side.
15. circuit board layout structure as claimed in claim 14, which is characterized in that the first rectifying tube group and described second
Rectifying tube group is symmetrical arranged relative to first inductance.
16. circuit board layout structure as claimed in claim 15, which is characterized in that also include:
Third switching tube group is set on the circuit board P and is located at the side of the transformer unit in the X-direction；
Third rectifying tube group is set on the circuit board P and in the X-direction positioned at the another of the transformer unit
Side；And
Second inductance is set on the circuit board P and between the second rectifying tube group and the third rectifying tube group,
Wherein, the third switching tube group is arranged in the Y direction with the first switch tube group and the second switch group
In the same side of the transformer unit, the third rectifying tube group and the first rectifying tube group and the second rectifying tube group
The same side of the transformer unit is set in the Y direction.
17. circuit board layout structure as claimed in claim 16, which is characterized in that also include:
At least one third switching tube group is set on the circuit board P and is located at the transformer in the X-direction
The side of unit；
At least one third rectifying tube group is set on the circuit board P and is located at the transformer in the X-direction
The other side of unit；And
An at least third inductance, each third inductance are set between each two adjacent third rectifying tube groups.
18. circuit board layout structure as claimed in claim 14, which is characterized in that the transformer unit and first electricity
Sense is integrated into magnetic element.
19. circuit board layout structure as claimed in claim 16, which is characterized in that the transformer unit and first electricity
Sense and second inductance are integrated into magnetic element.
20. circuit board layout structure as claimed in claim 16, which is characterized in that the transformer unit and first electricity
Sense, second inductance and at least one third inductance are integrated into magnetic element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US16/001,956 US10601325B2 (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2018-06-07 | DC-to-dC converter circuit and circuit board layout structure for the same |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710433641 | 2017-06-09 | ||
| CN201710433641X | 2017-06-09 |
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