CN109038855A - Based on magnetic coupling resonance formula wireless charging system for electric automobile - Google Patents
Based on magnetic coupling resonance formula wireless charging system for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN109038855A CN109038855A CN201810888700.7A CN201810888700A CN109038855A CN 109038855 A CN109038855 A CN 109038855A CN 201810888700 A CN201810888700 A CN 201810888700A CN 109038855 A CN109038855 A CN 109038855A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H02J7/025—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Abstract
The technical field for belonging to electronic equipment based on magnetic coupling resonance formula wireless charging system for electric automobile of the invention, including ac-dc converter circuit (1), high-frequency inverter circuit (2), inductively compensated circuit (3), single-chip microcontroller (4), amplitude detection circuit (5), analog to digital conversion circuit (6).The present invention has the characteristics that adaptive load range is wide, charge efficiency is high, system stability is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of electronic equipment.In particular to a kind of wireless based on magnetic coupling resonance formula electric car
Charging system.
Background technique
As the following exhausted hidden danger that may be present of the conventional petroleum energy and pollution problem, new-energy automobile gradually replace
The trend of conventional fuel oil, gas combustion automobile.In new-energy automobile, electric car has small effect on environment, low noise, light etc.
Advantage, its prospects are considered optimistic wildly.But the backwardness of current charging technique strongly limits the development of electric car and popularizes.At present
The electric vehicle charging mode of mainstream is mostly wired charging stake, and wired charging use occasion is fixed, and has big inconvenience benefit.
In order to further expand use occasion, the wireless charging development trend that necessarily electric car charges.
In wireless charging technology, the mode of magnetic coupling resonance is because of the advantages that its efficiency of transmission is high, power is big, structure facilitates
And by extensive concern.Its principle is the first direct current of voltage regulation by the commercial power rectification of 220V/50Hz at 200V or so, then inverse by high frequency
Power transformation road is reverse into the high-frequency alternating current of 50kHz, and transmitting coil cooperates capacitor appropriate to carry out frequency-selecting resonance, converts electric energy to
Magnetic energy, then energy is received by receiving coil by way of magnetic coupling resonance, finally again by the subsequent rectifying and wave-filtering of receiving coil
The received energy of coil is converted into constant pressure or constant current and charged for the battery of receiving end by circuit.In order to guarantee efficiency of transmission
And power, the necessary resonance of primary circuit where above system requirement transmitting coil, the secondary loop where receiving coil is also wanted
Resonance.It is well known that secondary loop can have an impact primary circuit when transmitting coil and receiving coil are coupled,
Influence equivalent can be connected in primary circuit at a reflected umpedance, which includes reflected resistance and reflected reactance,
Middle reflected reactance (in perception or capacitive), which can generate the resonance degree of primary circuit, to be seriously affected, therefore in design emission system
The parameter that Shi Bixu examines reception system influences.
Current magnetic coupling resonance wireless transmitting system is typically directed to what fixed reception circuit was designed, once
When the parameter in reception circuit changes, equivalent reflected umpedance can also change in launching circuit, be transmitted back to originally
The resonant state on road will be destroyed, and detuning phenomenon occur, lead to the important ginseng such as electric current, power, efficiency of launching circuit
Number is deteriorated rapidly.And in fact since different electric car manufacturers is different, automobile model is different, necessarily cause different
The difference of the reception loop parameter of automobile, therefore existing wireless charging system is difficult to meet in a charging system compatibility at present
The demand of various types of automobiles.
To sum up, in order to widen the adaptation range to different automobiles, the flexibility in use of system is improved, guarantees the effect of system
Rate, existing wireless charging system also need to improve.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of total based on magnetic coupling for disadvantage of the existing technology
Vibration formula wireless charging system for electric automobile, the system can according to receive circuit difference, the parameter of adjust automatically launching circuit,
To achieve the purpose that the different load of Auto-matching.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
One kind being based on magnetic coupling resonance formula wireless charging system for electric automobile, and structure has, ac-dc converter circuit 1, high
Frequency inverter circuit 2, single-chip microcontroller 4, which is characterized in that structure is in addition, inductively compensated circuit 3, amplitude detection circuit 5, analog-to-digital conversion
Circuit 6；The input terminal of the ac-dc converter circuit 1 is electrically connected with city, and the output end and high frequency of ac-dc converter circuit 1 are inverse
The power input on power transformation road 2 is connected, and the sampling output end of high-frequency inverter circuit 2 is connected with the input terminal of amplitude detection circuit 5,
The output end of amplitude detection circuit 5 is connected with the input terminal of analog to digital conversion circuit 6, the output end and monolithic of analog to digital conversion circuit 6
Machine 4 is connected, and single-chip microcontroller 4 is also connected with the input terminal of the control signal of high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and inductively compensated circuit 3 respectively,
The output end of inductively compensated circuit 3 is connected with the compensation input terminal of high-frequency inverter circuit 2；
The structure of the inductively compensated circuit 3 is the first relay drive circuit, the second relay drive circuit,
Three relay drive circuits, the 4th relay drive circuit, the 5th relay drive circuit, the 6th relay drive circuit,
Seven relay drive circuits, the 8th relay drive circuit output end respectively with eight input terminal phases of inductance compensation network
Even, the first relay drive circuit, the second relay drive circuit, third relay drive circuit, the 4th relay driving electricity
Road, the 5th relay drive circuit, the 6th relay drive circuit, the circuit of the 7th relay driving, Section of eight relay drive
Different from single-chip microcontroller 4 eight I/O mouths are connected respectively for the input terminal of dynamic circuit, and the output end and high frequency of inductance compensation network 3 are inverse
The compensation input terminal on power transformation road 2 is connected；
The structure of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 is that the anode of diode D1 is connected with the power supply of+12V, diode D1's
Cathode is connected with one end of one end of resistance R1, the emitter of triode Q1 and capacitor C1, the other end of resistance R1 and three poles
The base stage of pipe Q1 and the collector of triode Q2 are connected, and the base stage of triode Q2 is connected with one end of resistance R2, and resistance R2's is another
One end+5V DC power supply is connected, and the emitter of triode Q2 is connected with one end of resistance R3, and the other end of resistance R3 is as high frequency
First control signal of inverter circuit 2, is denoted as port MCU-in1, is connected with single-chip microcontroller 4, the collector of triode Q1 with
One end of the anode of diode D2, the base stage of triode Q3 and resistance R4 is connected, and the other end of resistance R4 is another with capacitor C1's
End, the collector of triode Q3, the anode of zener diode D3, the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q8, one end of inductance L and field-effect tube
The source electrode of Q4 is connected, emitter and the cathode of diode D2, the cathode and field-effect tube Q4 of zener diode D3 of triode Q3
Grid be connected, the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q4 is connected with the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q9, the power input as high-frequency inverter circuit 2
End, is denoted as port Vs-in, is connected with the DC voltage output end of ac-dc converter circuit 1, the grid and resistance of field-effect tube Q8
One end of R8 and the collector of triode Q7 are connected, and the other end of resistance R8 is connected with the collector of triode Q5, triode Q5
Emitter be connected with one end of resistance R5 and+12V DC power supply, the other end of resistance R5 and the base stage of triode Q5 and three poles
The collector of pipe Q6 is connected, and the base stage of triode Q6 is connected with one end of resistance R6, the other end and the+5V power supply phase of resistance R6
Even, the emitter of triode Q6 is connected with one end of resistance R7, and the other end of resistance R7 is connected with one end of resistance R9, as height
Second control signal of frequency inverter circuit 2, is denoted as port MCU-in2, is connected with single-chip microcontroller 4, the other end of resistance R9 with
The base stage of triode Q7 is connected, and the emitter of triode Q7 is connected and is grounded with the source electrode of field-effect tube Q8, the other end of inductance L
It is connected with one end of capacitor Cs1, the other end of capacitor Cs1 is connected with one end of capacitor Cs2, and the other end of capacitor Cs2 is as high
One compensation input terminal of frequency inverter circuit 2, is denoted as port Ladj-in1, the port Ladj-out1 phase with inductance compensation network
Even；Another compensation input terminal of one end of sample resistance Rs as high-frequency inverter circuit 2, while being also used as high-frequency inverter circuit
A 2 sampling output end, is denoted as port Rs-out1, which is connected with the port Ladj-out2 of inductance compensation network, also
It is connected with the port Rs-in1 of amplitude detection circuit 5, drain electrode, the field-effect of the other end and field-effect tube Q13 of sample resistance Rs
One end phase of the source electrode of pipe Q9, the anode of zener diode D4, the collector of triode Q10, one end of resistance R10 and capacitor C2
Even, as another sampling output end of high-frequency inverter circuit 2, it is denoted as port Rs-out2, the port with amplitude detection circuit 5
Rs-in2 is connected, grid and the cathode of zener diode D4, the emitter of triode Q10 and the diode D5 of field-effect tube Q9
Cathode is connected, the base stage and the collector phase of the other end of resistance R10, the anode of diode D5 and triode Q11 of triode Q10
Even, the emitter of triode Q11 is connected with the cathode of the other end of capacitor C2, one end of resistance R11 and diode D6, diode
The anode of D6 is connected with+12V DC power supply, the current collection of the base stage of triode Q11 and the other end of resistance R11 and triode Q12
Extremely it is connected, the base stage of triode Q12 is connected with one end of resistance R12, and the other end of resistance R12 is connected with+5V DC power supply, and three
The emitter of pole pipe Q12 is connected with one end of resistance R13, and the other end of resistance R13 is controlled as the third of high-frequency inverter circuit 2
Input terminal processed is denoted as port MCU-in3, is connected with single-chip microcontroller 4；The emitter phase of the source electrode of field-effect tube Q13 and triode Q14
Connect and be grounded, the grid of field-effect tube Q13 is connected with the collector of one end of resistance R14 and triode Q14, triode Q14's
Base stage is connected with one end of resistance R15, and the other end of resistance R15 is connected with one end of resistance R17, as high-frequency inverter circuit 2
The 4th control signal, be denoted as port MCU-in4, be connected with single-chip microcontroller 4, the other end of resistance R14 and triode Q15's
Collector is connected, and the emitter of triode Q15 is connected with one end of resistance R16 and+12V DC power supply, the base stage of triode Q15
It is connected with the collector of the other end of resistance R16 and triode Q16, the other end phase of the emitter and resistance R17 of triode Q16
Even, the base stage of triode Q16 is connected with one end of resistance R18, and the other end of resistance R18 is connected with+5V DC power supply；
The structure of the amplitude detection circuit 5 is an input of the one end of resistance R19 as amplitude detection circuit 5
End, is denoted as port Rs-in1, is connected with the port Rs-out1 of high-frequency inverter circuit 2；The other end of resistance R19 is with amplifier U1's
One end of non-inverting input terminal and resistance R20 are connected, and the other end of resistance R20 is connected simultaneously with one end of one end of R23 and resistance R22
Ground connection, the other end of resistance R23 is connected with the inverting input terminal of amplifier U2, the other end of resistance R22 and one end of resistance R21 and
The non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U2 is connected, another input terminal of the other end of resistance R21 as amplitude detection circuit 5 is denoted as end
Mouth Rs-in2, is connected with the port Rs-out2 of high-frequency inverter circuit 2；The positive supply input terminal end amplifier U1 and+5V DC power supply phase
Even, the negative supply input terminal of amplifier U1 is connected with -5V DC power supply, the inverting input terminal of amplifier U1 and one end, the electricity of resistance R24
One end of one end and resistance R27 for hindering R26 is connected, and the other end of resistance R26 is connected with the output end of amplifier U1 and resistance R28
One end is connected；The other end of resistance R24 is connected with one end of resistance R25, and is connected with the inverting input terminal of amplifier U2, amplifier U2
Output end be connected with the other end of the other end of resistance R27 and resistance R25, the positive supply input terminal of amplifier U2 and+5V direct current
Power supply is connected, and the negative supply input terminal of amplifier U2 is connected with -5V DC power supply；The same phase of the other end of resistance R28 and amplifier U3
Input terminal be connected, amplifier U3 positive supply input terminal is connected with+5V DC power supply, and the negative supply input terminal and -5V of amplifier U3 is straight
Galvanic electricity source is connected, and the inverting input terminal of amplifier U3 is connected with one end of resistance R29, the sun of one end of resistance R30 and diode D7
Extremely it is connected, the other end ground connection of resistance R29, the other end and one end of capacitor C3, one end and two poles of resistance R31 of resistance R30
The cathode of pipe D8 is connected, and as the output end of amplitude detection circuit 5, is denoted as port Amp-out, the mould with analog to digital conversion circuit 6
Quasi- signal input part is connected；The other end of capacitor C3 and the other end ground connection of resistance R31, the anode and diode D7 of diode D8
Cathode and amplifier U3 output end be connected；
The structure of the inductance compensation network is that one end of the coil of relay K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, K8 is equal
Ground connection, eight input terminals of the other end as capacitance compensation network, be successively denoted as port Rin1, Rin2, Rin3, Rin4, Rin5,
Rin6, Rin7, Rin8 are respectively connected with the output end of a relay drive circuit, one end phase of inductance L1, L2, L3, L4, L5
Even, be also connected with the movable contact of one end of inductance L6 and relay K5, the other end of inductance L2, L3, L4, L5 successively with relay
The movable contact of K1, K2, K3, K4 are connected, and the other end of inductance L1 is connected with the stationary contact of relay K1, K2, K3, K4, as
One output end of inductance compensation network, is denoted as port Ladj-out1, is connected with the port Ladj-in1 of high-frequency inverter circuit 2,
The other end of inductance L6 is connected with the movable contact of one end of inductance L7, the stationary contact of relay K5 and relay K6, inductance L7's
The other end is connected with the movable contact of one end of inductance L8, the stationary contact of relay K6 and relay K7, the other end of inductance L8 with
The movable contact of one end of inductance L9, the stationary contact of relay K7 and relay K8 is connected, the other end and relay K8 of inductance L9
Stationary contact be connected, as the another output of inductance compensation network, port Ladj-out2 is denoted as, with high-frequency inverter circuit 2
Port Rs-out1 be connected；
The structure of the relay drive circuit is that one end of resistance R32 is connected with+5V DC power supply, and resistance R32's is another
One end is connected with the anode of light emitting diode in optocoupler U4, and the cathode of light emitting diode is as relay drive circuit in optocoupler U4
Input terminal, be denoted as port MCU-in, be connected with single-chip microcontroller 4,；The emitter ground connection of phototriode, collector in optocoupler U4
It is connected with one end of one end of resistance R33 and resistance R34, another termination+12V power supply of resistance R33, the other end of resistance R34
It is connected with the base stage of triode Q17, the emitter of triode Q17 connects+12V power supply, and collector is connected with the cathode of diode D9,
As the output end of relay drive circuit, it is denoted as port Rout, the plus earth of diode D9.
In high-frequency inverter circuit 2, the value of inductance L preferred 285uH's, pressure-resistant 400V, capacitor Cs1 and capacitor Cs2 is taken
Value difference preferred 51nF and 110nF, pressure-resistant 400V；Preferably 0.1 ohm of the resistance value of sample resistance Rs.
In inductance compensation network, the value of each inductance is preferably inductance L1:1uH, inductance L2:250nH, inductance L3:
670nH, inductance L4:1.5uH, inductance L5:4uH, inductance L6 and inductance L7:1uH, inductance L8:2uH, inductance L9:5uH.
The ac-dc converter circuit 1 is the prior art, and can be any can be converted into DC voltage for 220V alternating current
The circuit of output, preferably output DC voltage are 200V.
Analog-digital conversion circuit as described 6 is the prior art, is the circuit that can convert analog signals into digital signal.
The utility model has the advantages that
1, the present invention by amplitude detection judge system to the resonance degree of load, and then the optimal compensating reactance of selection,
So that system is able to maintain optimal resonant state when charging to different loads, substantially increases the working efficiency of system and to negative
The adaptation range of load.
2, the present invention uses special driving to power tube in high-frequency inverter circuit and designs, and reduces in conversion process
Energy loss, the power and efficiency of whole system can be improved.
3, in inductively compensated circuit, ingehious design inductance compensation network is realized with a small amount of component the present invention
The selection of a variety of different induction values.
4, the amplitude detection circuit input impedance that the present invention designs is very high, and the influence to major loop is small, and detection accuracy is high.
5, the present invention is isolated single-chip microcontroller and major loop using optocoupler, in relay drive circuit so that system
Signal electricity and power electricity be independent of each other, improve the stability and reliability of system.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is overall structure block diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the inductively compensated circuit structure chart that the present invention uses.
Fig. 3 is the basic circuit diagram for the high-frequency inverter circuit that the present invention uses.
Fig. 4 is the basic circuit diagram for the amplitude detection circuit that the present invention uses.
Fig. 5 is the basic circuit diagram for the inductively compensated circuit that the present invention uses.
Fig. 6 is the relay drive circuit schematic diagram that the present invention uses.
Specific embodiment
The working principle of the invention is described further by specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing, marked in attached drawing
Component parameter be the preferred parameter of each embodiment, but be not to the limitation implemented of the present invention.
The overall structure of the invention of embodiment 1
Overall structure of the invention is as shown in Figure 1, include ac-dc converter circuit 1, high-frequency inverter circuit 2, inductance compensation
Circuit 3, single-chip microcontroller 4, amplitude detection circuit 5, analog to digital conversion circuit 6；The input terminal and alternating current of the ac-dc converter circuit 1
It is connected, the output end of ac-dc converter circuit 1 is connected with the power input of high-frequency inverter circuit 2, and high-frequency inverter circuit 2 takes
Sample output end is connected with the input terminal of amplitude detection circuit 5, and the output end of amplitude detection circuit 5 is defeated with analog to digital conversion circuit 6
Enter end to be connected, the output end of analog to digital conversion circuit 6 is connected with single-chip microcontroller 4, the also control with high-frequency inverter circuit 2 respectively of single-chip microcontroller 4
Input terminal processed is connected with the input terminal of inductively compensated circuit 3, the output end of inductively compensated circuit 3 and the benefit of high-frequency inverter circuit 2
Input terminal is repaid to be connected.
The high-frequency inverter circuit of the invention of embodiment 2
The structure of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 used in the present invention is as shown in figure 3, the anode of diode D1 and the power supply of+12V
It is connected, the cathode of diode D1 is connected with one end of one end of resistance R1, the emitter of triode Q1 and capacitor C1, resistance R1
The other end be connected with the collector of the base stage of triode Q1 and triode Q2, the base stage and one end phase of resistance R2 of triode Q2
Even, the other end+5V DC power supply of resistance R2 is connected, and the emitter of triode Q2 is connected with one end of resistance R3, resistance R3's
First control signal of the other end as high-frequency inverter circuit 2, is denoted as port MCU-in1, is connected with single-chip microcontroller 4, three poles
The collector of pipe Q1 is connected with one end of the anode of diode D2, the base stage of triode Q3 and resistance R4, the other end of resistance R4
With the other end of capacitor C1, the collector of triode Q3, the anode of zener diode D3, the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q8, inductance L
The source electrode of one end and field-effect tube Q4 are connected, emitter and the cathode of diode D2, the yin of zener diode D3 of triode Q3
The grid of pole and field-effect tube Q4 are connected, and the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q4 is connected with the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q9, as high-frequency inversion
The power input of circuit 2 is denoted as port Vs-in, is connected with the DC voltage output end of ac-dc converter circuit 1, field-effect
The grid of pipe Q8 is connected with the collector of one end of resistance R8 and triode Q7, the other end of resistance R8 and the current collection of triode Q5
Extremely it is connected, the emitter of triode Q5 is connected with one end of resistance R5 and+12V DC power supply, the other end of resistance R5 and three poles
The base stage of pipe Q5 and the collector of triode Q6 are connected, and the base stage of triode Q6 is connected with one end of resistance R6, and resistance R6's is another
One end is connected with+5V power supply, and the emitter of triode Q6 is connected with one end of resistance R7, and the other end of resistance R7 is with resistance R9's
One end is connected, and as second control signal of high-frequency inverter circuit 2, is denoted as port MCU-in2, is connected with single-chip microcontroller 4, electricity
The other end of resistance R9 is connected with the base stage of triode Q7, and the emitter of triode Q7 is connected and connects with the source electrode of field-effect tube Q8
The other end on ground, inductance L is connected with one end of capacitor Cs1, and the other end of capacitor Cs1 is connected with one end of capacitor Cs2, capacitor
A compensation input terminal of the other end of Cs2 as high-frequency inverter circuit 2, is denoted as port Ladj-in1, with inductance compensation network
Port Ladj-out1 be connected；Another compensation input terminal of one end of sample resistance Rs as high-frequency inverter circuit 2, simultaneously
Also as a sampling output end of high-frequency inverter circuit 2, it is denoted as port Rs-out1, the end of the port and inductance compensation network
Mouth Ladj-out2 is connected, and is also connected with the port Rs-in1 of amplitude detection circuit 5, the other end of sample resistance Rs and field-effect
The drain electrode of pipe Q13, the source electrode of field-effect tube Q9, the anode of zener diode D4, the collector of triode Q10, resistance R10 one
End and one end of capacitor C2 are connected, and as another sampling output end of high-frequency inverter circuit 2, port Rs-out2 are denoted as, with width
The port Rs-in2 for spending detection circuit 5 is connected, the cathode of the grid of field-effect tube Q9 and zener diode D4, triode Q10
The cathode of emitter and diode D5 are connected, the other end of the base stage of triode Q10 and resistance R10, the anode of diode D5 and
The collector of triode Q11 is connected, emitter and the other end of capacitor C2, one end of resistance R11 and the diode of triode Q11
The cathode of D6 is connected, and the anode of diode D6 is connected with+12V DC power supply, and the base stage of triode Q11 is another with resistance R11's
The collector of end and triode Q12 are connected, and the base stage of triode Q12 is connected with one end of resistance R12, the other end of resistance R12
It is connected with+5V DC power supply, the emitter of triode Q12 is connected with one end of resistance R13, and the other end of resistance R13 is as high
The third control signal of frequency inverter circuit 2, is denoted as port MCU-in3, is connected with single-chip microcontroller 4；The source electrode of field-effect tube Q13
It is connected and is grounded with the emitter of triode Q14, the collection of the grid of field-effect tube Q13 and one end of resistance R14 and triode Q14
Electrode is connected, and the base stage of triode Q14 is connected with one end of resistance R15, one end phase of the other end and resistance R17 of resistance R15
Even, as the 4th control signal of high-frequency inverter circuit 2, it is denoted as port MCU-in4, is connected with single-chip microcontroller 4, resistance R14
The other end be connected with the collector of triode Q15, the emitter of triode Q15 and one end of resistance R16 and+12V DC electricity
Source is connected, and the base stage of triode Q15 is connected with the collector of the other end of resistance R16 and triode Q16, the hair of triode Q16
Emitter-base bandgap grading is connected with the other end of resistance R17, and the base stage of triode Q16 is connected with one end of resistance R18, the other end of resistance R18
It is connected with+5V DC power supply.
In the structure, 4 field-effect tube Q4, Q8, Q9, Q13 constitute inversion electric bridge, are used to ac-dc converter circuit 1 is defeated
Direct current signal out is reverse into high frequency ac signal, for providing energy, each effect for transmitting coil (the inductance L i.e. in figure)
Should the grid of pipe additionally use the driving circuit of special designing, the energy attenuation in conversion process can be reduced, guarantee that system can be with
Reach very high output power and efficiency.After sample resistance Rs is used to that the electric current in launching circuit is converted into voltage and is supplied to
The amplitude detection circuit 5 of grade, sample resistance is the precision resistance of one high-power, small resistance value, it is ensured that in the process of sampling
Excessive power will not be consumed.When work, transmitting coil (inductance L) converts electric energy to magnetic energy, and in such a way that magnetic coupling resonates
Send receiving coil (in the automobile to be charged, being not drawn into figure) to, the energy received is passed through rear class by receiving coil
Corresponding circuit conversion charges at required electric energy for the battery of electric car.
The inductively compensated circuit of the invention of embodiment 3
The structural block diagram of inductively compensated circuit 3 of the present invention is as shown in Fig. 2, the first relay drive circuit,
Two relay drive circuits, third relay drive circuit, the 4th relay drive circuit, the 5th relay drive circuit,
Six relay drive circuits, the 7th relay drive circuit, the 8th relay drive circuit output end respectively with inductance compensation
Eight input terminals of network are connected, the first relay drive circuit, the second relay drive circuit, third relay driving electricity
Road, the 4th relay drive circuit, the 5th relay drive circuit, the 6th relay drive circuit, the 7th relay driving
Circuit, Section of eight relay drive circuit input terminal the I/O mouth different from single-chip microcontroller 4 eight is connected respectively, inductance compensation net
The output end of network 3 is connected with the compensation input terminal of high-frequency inverter circuit 2.
Wherein, the structure of the inductance compensation network is as shown in figure 5, relay K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, K8
One end of coil be grounded, eight input terminals of the other end as capacitance compensation network, be successively denoted as port Rin1, Rin2,
Rin3, Rin4, Rin5, Rin6, Rin7, Rin8 are respectively connected with the output end of a relay drive circuit, inductance L1, L2,
One end of L3, L4, L5 are connected, and are also connected with the movable contact of one end of inductance L6 and relay K5, inductance L2, L3, L4, L5's is another
One end is successively connected with the movable contact of relay K1, K2, K3, K4, and the other end of inductance L1 is quiet with relay K1, K2, K3, K4's
Contact is connected, and as an output end of inductance compensation network, is denoted as port Ladj-out1, the end with high-frequency inverter circuit 2
Mouth Ladj-in1 is connected, the dynamic touching of one end, the stationary contact and relay K6 of relay K5 of the other end and inductance L7 of inductance L6
Point is connected, and the other end of inductance L7 is connected with the movable contact of one end of inductance L8, the stationary contact of relay K6 and relay K7, electricity
The other end of sense L8 is connected with the movable contact of one end of inductance L9, the stationary contact of relay K7 and relay K8, and inductance L9's is another
One end is connected with the stationary contact of relay K8, as the another output of inductance compensation network, is denoted as port Ladj-out2,
It is connected with the port Rs-out1 of high-frequency inverter circuit 2.The network is accessed by the selection to different induction, realizes total inductance
Value is using 0.2uH as interval, from the variation of 0.2uH~10uH, using a small amount of component as high-frequency inverter circuit 2 provide 50 it is optional
Compensation inductance.Adaptive load range of the invention has been widened significantly.
The structure of all relay drive circuits is identical, as shown in fig. 6, one end of resistance R32 and+5V DC power supply phase
Even, the other end of resistance R32 is connected with the anode of light emitting diode in optocoupler U4, the cathode conduct of light emitting diode in optocoupler U4
The input terminal of relay drive circuit is denoted as port MCU-in, is connected with single-chip microcontroller 4,；The transmitting of phototriode in optocoupler U4
Pole ground connection, collector are connected with one end of one end of resistance R33 and resistance R34, another termination+12V power supply of resistance R33, electricity
The other end of resistance R34 is connected with the base stage of triode Q17, and the emitter of triode Q17 connects+12V power supply, collector and diode
The cathode of D9 is connected, and as the output end of relay drive circuit, is denoted as port Rout, the plus earth of diode D9.The drive
Dynamic circuit uses optocoupler between single-chip microcontroller and relay is isolated, and relay coil or high-frequency inversion electricity are effectively prevented
Influence of the high current to single-chip microcontroller in road.
The amplitude detection circuit of the invention of embodiment 4
The schematic circuit of amplitude detection circuit 5 of the invention is as shown in figure 4, one end of resistance R19 is electric as amplitude detection
One input terminal on road 5, is denoted as port Rs-in1, is connected with the port Rs-out1 of high-frequency inverter circuit 2；Resistance R19's is another
End is connected with one end of the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U1 and resistance R20, the other end of resistance R20 and one end of R23 and resistance R22
One end be connected and be grounded, the other end of resistance R23 is connected with the inverting input terminal of amplifier U2, the other end of resistance R22 and electricity
The non-inverting input terminal of one end and amplifier U2 for hindering R21 is connected, the other end of resistance R21 as amplitude detection circuit 5 another
Input terminal is denoted as port Rs-in2, is connected with the port Rs-out2 of high-frequency inverter circuit 2；The positive supply input terminal end amplifier U1 with
+ 5V DC power supply is connected, and the negative supply input terminal of amplifier U1 is connected with -5V DC power supply, the inverting input terminal and electricity of amplifier U1
The one end for hindering one end of R24, one end of resistance R26 and resistance R27 is connected, the other end of resistance R26 and the output end of amplifier U1
It is connected and one end of resistance R28 is connected；The other end of resistance R24 is connected with one end of resistance R25, and defeated with the reverse phase of amplifier U2
Enter end to be connected, the output end of amplifier U2 is connected with the other end of the other end of resistance R27 and resistance R25, the positive supply of amplifier U2
Input terminal is connected with+5V DC power supply, and the negative supply input terminal of amplifier U2 is connected with -5V DC power supply；The other end of resistance R28
With the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U3 be connected, amplifier U3 positive supply input terminal is connected with+5V DC power supply, the negative supply of amplifier U3
Input terminal is connected with -5V DC power supply, the inverting input terminal of amplifier U3 is connected with one end of resistance R29, one end of resistance R30 and
The anode of diode D7 is connected, the other end ground connection of resistance R29, the other end of resistance R30 and one end, the resistance R31 of capacitor C3
One end and diode D8 cathode be connected, as the output end of amplitude detection circuit 5, be denoted as port Amp-out, with modulus turn
The input end of analog signal for changing circuit 6 is connected；The other end of capacitor C3 and the other end ground connection of resistance R31, the sun of diode D8
Pole is connected with the output end of the cathode of diode D7 and amplifier U3.
The detection circuit is used to detect the amplitude of the both ends sample resistance Rs alternating voltage, and testing result is turned by the modulus of rear class
6 reconvert of circuit is changed to store at feeding single-chip microcontroller 4 after digital signal.Since sample resistance Rs is located at the electricity of high-frequency inverter circuit 2
In bridge, the current potential highest at both ends can reach the size close to Vs (200V or so) at work, therefore this invention takes drops
The processing of pressure and high-impedance differential makes the signal at the both ends Rs be more convenient for amplitude detection, and utmostly reduces amplitude detection electricity
Influence of the road to electric bridge main in high-frequency inverter circuit.Meanwhile the amplitude detection circuit takes the active peak detection knot of double diode
Structure makes the DC voltage of output effectively increase detection accuracy closer to the peak value of the alternating voltage of input.
5 the working principle of the invention of embodiment
It is further described below in conjunction with 1~6 pair of the working principle of the invention of attached drawing and the course of work: in system of the invention
Before charging to electric car, an initialization procedure will do it first, inductance compensation network 3, choosing are controlled by single-chip microcontroller 4
Take compensation inductance access main circuit, the inductance L of the compensation inductance and transmitting coil is overlapped to form total inductance, attempts to make
Circuit reaches resonance, and amplitude detection circuit 5 detects the alternating voltage amplitude at the both ends sample resistance Rs and by 6 turns of analog to digital conversion circuit
Digital signal feeding single-chip microcontroller 4 is changed into be stored, then single-chip microcontroller control inductance compensation network 3 changes the value of compensation inductance,
The above process is repeated, repeatedly, after the compensation inductance for having attempted all different values, single-chip microcontroller examines all amplitudes
It surveys result to be compared, chooses the maximum compensation scheme of amplitude detection result, when the reception circuit difference of the automobile of charging, most
Good compensation scheme also can be different.After initialization procedure, major loop is selected and accessed to optimal compensation inductance by single-chip microcontroller,
It charges to automobile.When the initialization procedure makes system charge different reception circuits, can it make at launching circuit
In resonant state, can effectively guarantee reach very high transimission power and efficiency under different loads.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is based on magnetic coupling resonance formula wireless charging system for electric automobile, structure has, ac-dc converter circuit (1), high
Frequency inverter circuit (2), single-chip microcontroller (4), which is characterized in that structure is in addition, inductively compensated circuit (3), amplitude detection circuit (5),
Analog to digital conversion circuit (6)；The input terminal of the ac-dc converter circuit (1) is electrically connected with city, ac-dc converter circuit (1)
Output end is connected with the power input of high-frequency inverter circuit (2), the sampling output end and amplitude detection of high-frequency inverter circuit (2)
The input terminal of circuit (5) is connected, and the output end of amplitude detection circuit (5) is connected with the input terminal of analog to digital conversion circuit (6), modulus
The output end of conversion circuit (6) is connected with single-chip microcontroller (4), and single-chip microcontroller (4) is also inputted with the control of high-frequency inverter circuit (2) respectively
End is connected with the input terminal of inductively compensated circuit (3), the output end of inductively compensated circuit (3) and the benefit of high-frequency inverter circuit (2)
Input terminal is repaid to be connected；
The structure of the inductively compensated circuit (3) is the first relay drive circuit, the second relay drive circuit, third
Relay drive circuit, the 4th relay drive circuit, the 5th relay drive circuit, the 6th relay drive circuit, the 7th
Relay drive circuit, the 8th relay drive circuit output end be connected respectively with eight input terminals of inductance compensation network,
First relay drive circuit, the second relay drive circuit, third relay drive circuit, the 4th relay drive circuit,
5th relay drive circuit, the 6th relay drive circuit, the circuit of the 7th relay driving, Section of eight relay driving electricity
The input terminal on road is connected from (4) eight different I/O mouths of single-chip microcontroller respectively, and the output end and high frequency of inductance compensation network (3) are inverse
The compensation input terminal on power transformation road (2) is connected；
The structure of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2) is that the anode of diode D1 is connected with the power supply of+12V, the yin of diode D1
Pole is connected with one end of one end of resistance R1, the emitter of triode Q1 and capacitor C1, the other end and triode of resistance R1
The base stage of Q1 and the collector of triode Q2 are connected, and the base stage of triode Q2 is connected with one end of resistance R2, and resistance R2's is another
End+5V DC power supply is connected, and the emitter of triode Q2 is connected with one end of resistance R3, and the other end of resistance R3 is inverse as high frequency
First control signal on power transformation road (2), is denoted as port MCU-in1, is connected with single-chip microcontroller (4), the collector of triode Q1
It is connected with one end of the anode of diode D2, the base stage of triode Q3 and resistance R4, the other end of resistance R4 is another with capacitor C1's
One end, the collector of triode Q3, the anode of zener diode D3, the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q8, one end of inductance L and field-effect
The source electrode of pipe Q4 is connected, emitter and the cathode of diode D2, the cathode and field-effect tube of zener diode D3 of triode Q3
The grid of Q4 is connected, and the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q4 is connected with the drain electrode of field-effect tube Q9, the power supply as high-frequency inverter circuit (2)
Input terminal is denoted as port Vs-in, is connected with the DC voltage output end of ac-dc converter circuit (1), the grid of field-effect tube Q8
It is connected with the collector of one end of resistance R8 and triode Q7, the other end of resistance R8 is connected with the collector of triode Q5, and three
The emitter of pole pipe Q5 is connected with one end of resistance R5 and+12V DC power supply, the other end of resistance R5 and the base stage of triode Q5
And the collector of triode Q6 is connected, the base stage of triode Q6 is connected with one end of resistance R6, the other end of resistance R6 and+5V electricity
Source is connected, and the emitter of triode Q6 is connected with one end of resistance R7, and the other end of resistance R7 is connected with one end of resistance R9, makees
For second control signal of high-frequency inverter circuit (2), it is denoted as port MCU-in2, is connected with single-chip microcontroller (4), resistance R9's
The other end is connected with the base stage of triode Q7, and the emitter of triode Q7 is connected and is grounded with the source electrode of field-effect tube Q8, inductance L
The other end be connected with one end of capacitor Cs1, the other end of capacitor Cs1 is connected with one end of capacitor Cs2, and capacitor Cs2's is another
A compensation input terminal as high-frequency inverter circuit (2) is held, is denoted as port Ladj-in1, the port with inductance compensation network
Ladj-out1 is connected；Another compensation input terminal of one end of sample resistance Rs as high-frequency inverter circuit (2), while also making
For a sampling output end of high-frequency inverter circuit (2), it is denoted as port Rs-out1, the port of the port and inductance compensation network
Ladj-out2 is connected, and is also connected with the port Rs-in1 of amplitude detection circuit (5), the other end of sample resistance Rs and field-effect
The drain electrode of pipe Q13, the source electrode of field-effect tube Q9, the anode of zener diode D4, the collector of triode Q10, resistance R10 one
End and one end of capacitor C2 are connected, and as another sampling output end of high-frequency inverter circuit (2), are denoted as port Rs-out2, with
The port Rs-in2 of amplitude detection circuit (5) is connected, the grid of field-effect tube Q9 and cathode, the triode of zener diode D4
The emitter of Q10 and the cathode of diode D5 are connected, base stage and the other end of resistance R10, the sun of diode D5 of triode Q10
The collector of pole and triode Q11 are connected, emitter and the other end of capacitor C2, one end and two of resistance R11 of triode Q11
The cathode of pole pipe D6 is connected, and the anode of diode D6 is connected with+12V DC power supply, and the base stage of triode Q11 is with resistance R11's
The collector of the other end and triode Q12 are connected, and the base stage of triode Q12 is connected with one end of resistance R12, and resistance R12's is another
One end is connected with+5V DC power supply, and the emitter of triode Q12 is connected with one end of resistance R13, and the other end of resistance R13 is made
For the third control signal of high-frequency inverter circuit (2), it is denoted as port MCU-in3, is connected with single-chip microcontroller (4)；Field-effect tube
The source electrode of Q13 is connected and is grounded with the emitter of triode Q14, the grid of field-effect tube Q13 and one end of resistance R14 and three poles
The collector of pipe Q14 is connected, and the base stage of triode Q14 is connected with one end of resistance R15, the other end and resistance R17 of resistance R15
One end be connected, as the 4th control signal of high-frequency inverter circuit (2), port MCU-in4 is denoted as, with single-chip microcontroller (4)
It is connected, the other end of resistance R14 is connected with the collector of triode Q15, the emitter of triode Q15 and one end of resistance R16
And+12V DC power supply is connected, and the base stage of triode Q15 is connected with the collector of the other end of resistance R16 and triode Q16, and three
The emitter of pole pipe Q16 is connected with the other end of resistance R17, and the base stage of triode Q16 is connected with one end of resistance R18, resistance
The other end of R18 is connected with+5V DC power supply；
The structure of the amplitude detection circuit (5) is an input of the one end of resistance R19 as amplitude detection circuit (5)
End, is denoted as port Rs-in1, is connected with the port Rs-out1 of high-frequency inverter circuit (2)；The other end and amplifier U1 of resistance R19
Non-inverting input terminal and resistance R20 one end be connected, the other end of resistance R20 is connected with one end of one end of R23 and resistance R22
And be grounded, the other end of resistance R23 is connected with the inverting input terminal of amplifier U2, the other end of resistance R22 and one end of resistance R21
And the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U2 is connected, another input terminal of the other end of resistance R21 as amplitude detection circuit (5), note
For port Rs-in2, it is connected with the port Rs-out2 of high-frequency inverter circuit (2)；The positive supply input terminal end amplifier U1 and+5V direct current
Power supply is connected, and the negative supply input terminal of amplifier U1 is connected with -5V DC power supply, and the inverting input terminal of amplifier U1 is with resistance R24's
One end of one end, one end of resistance R26 and resistance R27 is connected, and the other end of resistance R26 is connected with the output end of amplifier U1 and electricity
The one end for hindering R28 is connected；The other end of resistance R24 is connected with one end of resistance R25, and the inverting input terminal phase with amplifier U2
Even, the output end of amplifier U2 is connected with the other end of the other end of resistance R27 and resistance R25, the positive supply input terminal of amplifier U2
It is connected with+5V DC power supply, the negative supply input terminal of amplifier U2 is connected with -5V DC power supply；The other end and amplifier of resistance R28
The non-inverting input terminal of U3 be connected, amplifier U3 positive supply input terminal is connected with+5V DC power supply, the negative supply input terminal of amplifier U3
It is connected with -5V DC power supply, the inverting input terminal of amplifier U3 is connected with one end of resistance R29, one end of resistance R30 and diode
The anode of D7 is connected, the other end ground connection of resistance R29, the other end and one end of capacitor C3, one end of resistance R31 of resistance R30
And the cathode of diode D8 is connected, and as the output end of amplitude detection circuit (5), is denoted as port Amp-out, with analog-to-digital conversion electricity
The input end of analog signal on road (6) is connected；The other end of capacitor C3 and the other end ground connection of resistance R31, the anode of diode D8
It is connected with the output end of the cathode of diode D7 and amplifier U3；
The structure of the inductance compensation network is that one end of the coil of relay K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, K8 is grounded,
Eight input terminals of the other end as capacitance compensation network, be successively denoted as port Rin1, Rin2, Rin3, Rin4, Rin5, Rin6,
Rin7, Rin8 are respectively connected with the output end of a relay drive circuit, and one end of inductance L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 are connected, also
Be connected with the movable contact of one end of inductance L6 and relay K5, the other end of inductance L2, L3, L4, L5 successively with relay K1,
The movable contact of K2, K3, K4 are connected, and the other end of inductance L1 is connected with the stationary contact of relay K1, K2, K3, K4, as inductance
One output end of compensation network, is denoted as port Ladj-out1, is connected with the port Ladj-in1 of high-frequency inverter circuit (2), electricity
The other end of sense L6 is connected with the movable contact of one end of inductance L7, the stationary contact of relay K5 and relay K6, and inductance L7's is another
One end is connected with the movable contact of one end of inductance L8, the stationary contact of relay K6 and relay K7, the other end and electricity of inductance L8
The movable contact for feeling one end of L9, the stationary contact of relay K7 and relay K8 is connected, and the other end of inductance L9 is with relay K8's
Stationary contact is connected, and as the another output of inductance compensation network, port Ladj-out2 is denoted as, with high-frequency inverter circuit (2)
Port Rs-out1 be connected；
The structure of the relay drive circuit is that one end of resistance R32 is connected with+5V DC power supply, the other end of resistance R32
It is connected with the anode of light emitting diode in optocoupler U4, the cathode of light emitting diode is as the defeated of relay drive circuit in optocoupler U4
Enter end, be denoted as port MCU-in, be connected with single-chip microcontroller (4),；In optocoupler U4 phototriode emitter ground connection, collector with
One end of resistance R33 and one end of resistance R34 are connected, another termination+12V power supply of resistance R33, the other end of resistance R34 with
The base stage of triode Q17 is connected, and the emitter of triode Q17 connects+12V power supply, and collector is connected with the cathode of diode D9, makees
For the output end of relay drive circuit, it is denoted as port Rout, the plus earth of diode D9.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of based on magnetic coupling resonance formula wireless charging system for electric automobile, which is characterized in that
In high-frequency inverter circuit (2), the value of inductance L is that the value of 285uH, pressure-resistant 400V, capacitor Cs1 and capacitor Cs2 are respectively
51nF and 110nF, pressure-resistant 400V；The resistance value of sample resistance Rs is 0.1 ohm.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of based on magnetic coupling resonance formula wireless charging system for electric automobile, which is characterized in that
In inductance compensation network, the value of each inductance is inductance L1:1uH, inductance L2:250nH, inductance L3:670nH, inductance L4:
1.5uH, inductance L5:4uH, inductance L6 and inductance L7:1uH, inductance L8:2uH, inductance L9:5uH.
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