CN109032921A - A kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation method and device - Google Patents

A kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109032921A
CN109032921A CN201810589966.1A CN201810589966A CN109032921A CN 109032921 A CN109032921 A CN 109032921A CN 201810589966 A CN201810589966 A CN 201810589966A CN 109032921 A CN109032921 A CN 109032921A
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demand
use case
requirements use
structuring
demand history
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CN201810589966.1A
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CN109032921B (en
Inventor
郭计伟
周俊
王鹏程
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3668Software testing
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/3684Test management for test design, e.g. generating new test cases
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3668Software testing
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/3688Test management for test execution, e.g. scheduling of test suites

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation method and devices, and the method includes obtaining demand history;Structured analysis is carried out to the demand history, and constructs the corresponding model of the demand history;The corresponding structuring requirements use case of the demand history is exported according to the model.Demand can be carried out structural representation by structured analysis by the present invention, the requirements use case that structural workflow net described according to an embodiment of the present invention obtains can clearly give expression to the particular content of demand and the primary reason of demand, so as to allow the research staff of product to link up with a kind of language that logic is rigorous, to greatly improve the efficiency of research and development.

Description

A kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation method and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer field more particularly to a kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation methods and device.
Background technique
The demand being related in internet research and development is various, is usually presented in a manner of demand history.As shown in Figure 1, Demand history relates generally to the background of demand, the flow chart of demand and UI interaction flow usually using document as carrier.This need Record is asked to be difficult to use in automated analysis, and there is also following drawbacks:
(1) do not illustrate which system is this function of completion demand need to assist completing;
(2) interests whom demand considers during realization have no way of investigating;
(3) many situations are a signal or a process, cannot clearly express and design during demand is realized Business rule;
(4) in many cases, demand only from user perspective lift and it is not intended that execute demand system, therefore, Mechanically together multiple Function Couplings used from user perspective, the system developed is unfavorable for the use of user;
(5) lack and security of system, availability, performance are distinctly claimed, the system shortcoming performance management developed, from And it causes damages to the interests of user or company.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention proposes a kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation method and dresses It sets.The present invention is specifically to be realized with following technical solution:
In a first aspect, a kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation method, comprising:
Obtain demand history;
Structured analysis is carried out to the demand history, and constructs the corresponding model of the demand history;
The corresponding structuring requirements use case of the demand history is exported according to the model.
Second aspect, a kind of structuring requirements use case automatically generating device, comprising:
Demand history obtains module, for obtaining demand history;
Analysis module for carrying out structured analysis to the demand history, and constructs the corresponding mould of the demand history Type;
Output module, for exporting the corresponding structuring requirements use case of the demand history according to the model.
Second aspect, a kind of computer readable storage medium, for storing program, described program is for realizing the structure Change requirements use case automatic generation method.
The third aspect, a kind of server, the server is for running the structuring requirements use case automatically generating device.
The present invention provides a kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation method and device, have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
Demand can be carried out structural representation by structured analysis by the present invention, according to an embodiment of the present invention described in The requirements use case that structural workflow net obtains can clearly give expression to the particular content of demand and the primary reason of demand, from And the research staff of product can be allowed to link up with a kind of language that logic is rigorous, to greatly improve the effect of research and development Energy.
In addition, original appearance of the requirements use case of structuring by clearly exposition need, reduces and link up error, meets and relate to crowd's It is required that allowing the requirement of system to be more able to satisfy relates to many interests.By allowing the statement of demand more to improve and rule, research and development are reduced Personnel are because of the case where different demand formats causes efficiency of research and development to reduce, so that communication effect of the product in R&D process Rate is higher.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that demand is described using document as carrier that background of invention provides;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation method flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is structured analysis rule schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the interactive process flow chart during barcode scanning provided in an embodiment of the present invention is supplemented with money;
Fig. 5 be it is provided in an embodiment of the present invention be not configured can barcode scanning employee when UI interface schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the interface the UI signal that super pipe is seen after the trade company number provided in an embodiment of the present invention for configuring card barcode scanning list Figure;
Fig. 7 is the UI interface schematic diagram that the employee provided in an embodiment of the present invention in list sees;
Fig. 8 is the interface schematic diagram that the employee in non-list provided in an embodiment of the present invention sees;
Fig. 9 is a kind of structuring requirements use case automatically generating device block diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is server architecture schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present invention Attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only The embodiment of a part of the invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people The model that the present invention protects all should belong in member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work It encloses.
It should be noted that description and claims of this specification and term " first " in above-mentioned attached drawing, " Two " etc. be to be used to distinguish similar objects, without being used to describe a particular order or precedence order.It should be understood that using in this way Data be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so as to the embodiment of the present invention described herein can in addition to illustrating herein or Sequence other than those of description is implemented.In addition, term " includes " and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that cover Cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, the process, method, system, product or equipment for containing a series of steps or units are not necessarily limited to Step or unit those of is clearly listed, but may include be not clearly listed or for these process, methods, product Or other step or units that equipment is intrinsic.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation method, as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
S101. demand history is obtained.
Specifically, the demand history is specially description of the side of offer demand for demand.The demand history can To use any expression way to be stated, including but not limited to document, voice, video and picture.
S102. structured analysis is carried out to the demand history, and constructs the corresponding model of the demand history.
Specifically, the structured analysis can be executed according to preset structured analysis rule.The structured analysis Rule is for carrying out automation modeling to demand history.In modeling process, according to described in the structured analysis Rule Extraction Demand element in demand history simultaneously obtains the relationship between each demand element.
Specifically, the automated analysis rule can be used for constructing the static structure of model, the automated analysis rule Including relationship two parts content between attribute and each attribute, the relationship between each attribute may exist following feelings Condition: extensive, realization relies on, association, polymerize and/or combine.
The content of an extensive attribute for referring to that an inheritance of attribute is other, and the content of own can be increased;According to Relying is exactly that an attribute (A) relies on another attribute (B), and the variation of attribute (B) will affect attribute (A);Association is exactly a category Property (A) strong depend-ence another attribute (B), this relationship than rely on it is stronger, be chronicity, and the relationship of both sides is usually Equality, association can be it is unidirectional, two-way;Polymerization is a kind of special case of incidence relation, embodiment be whole and part, possess Relationship, i.e. the relationship of has-a;Combination is also a kind of special case of incidence relation, and what he embodied is the pass of contains-a a kind of System, this relationship is more stronger than polymerizeing, also referred to as strong polymerization;Generally speaking, the degree of strength that rear several relationships are showed is successively are as follows: Combination > polymerization > association > relies on.
S103. the corresponding structuring requirements use case of the demand history is exported according to the model.
Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of structured analysis rule, and the structured analysis rule can be used Class figure indicates.As shown in figure 3, structured analysis rule includes the first set of properties, the second set of properties and the in the embodiment of the present invention Three set of properties, according to the structured analysis rule building model with requirements use case be output;First set of properties be with The requirements use case constitutes the combination that the attribute of paradigmatic relation is formed;In member and the first set of properties in second set of properties One or more members between be generalization;One or more in member and the second set of properties in the third set of properties It is generalization or syntagmatic between a member.
Specifically, the attribute in first set of properties includes executor, relates to many interests, precondition, postcondition, road Diameter and supplementary constraints.Wherein the executor includes main executive and auxiliary executor;The supplementary constraints include field column Four table, business rule, quality requirement and design constraint parts.Wherein design constraint includes platform constraints, interface constraints and UI Constraint;It is expressed by the execution process between each execution step needed for the realization requirements use case in the path.
In a specific embodiment, the title of use-case is expressed using dynamic guest's phrase, for example executor is dry using system Some thing, by relating to the source of many articulation of interests demands, for example law, folkways and customs involved in demand and demand are set The vested interest of one side of meter.
Specifically, each field in each set of properties is explained in detail in the embodiment of the present invention:
(1) main executive:
Noun phrase expression can be used in main executive.The main executive is that function sexual intercourse occurs with executing subject Mutual people or object.The main executive is not belonging to executing subject and the interaction occurred with executing subject should be function sexual intercourse Mutually.For example ticket seller is interacted using mouse and ticket sale system (executing subject), but it is not mouse that executor, which is ticket seller, Reason is that the interaction occurred is the functional requirement from main executive.
Further, the main executive can be system: can be people's meat system, is also possible to intelligence system, very To being a special external system --- the time.
(2) executor is assisted:
Noun phrase expression can be used in auxiliary executor.The auxiliary executor be passively participated in interactive process into Come, but is all required for reaching requirements use case target as main executive.If auxiliary executor is not involved in, need It seeks use-case equally and can achieve required target (even if experience difference), this requirements use case is just without auxiliary executor.
By taking payment system as an example, main executive can be banking system or the complete registration user of payment, auxiliary execute Person can be business user when handling withdrawal, it is necessary to which depositor inputs password, could complete, and business user is exactly to withdraw the money this The role of auxiliary executor has also been served as in one demand.
(3) precondition:
Precondition must be before requirements use case starts, system can detect in order to realize that the requirements use case must expire The constraint of foot, and requirements use case must come into effect what preceding system can detect really.Such as: accept the preposition item of single reimbursement " have enough money in merchant account " is wrong, because requirements use case can not detect the money in merchant account before starting to part.
Specifically, the precondition can be expressed by [system] { } * { verb } { noun phrase }, wherein [being System] illustrate the executing subject of precondition, { } indicates that the precondition should be already existing state.Such as it is described before The condition of setting can be existing or log in.
It is emphasized that precondition is constraint, it is not movement, such as: " order that system record completes payment " It is a movement, is not condition, condition should be " system has recorded the order for completing payment ".
(4) postcondition:
Postcondition must be requirements use case to be walked just attainable according to path, is that the needs that system can detect meet Constraint, such as: in the use-case of cashier's cash register, postcondition " customer leaves shop with cargo ", this is that system can not Detection, therefore be not postcondition.
Specifically, the postcondition can be expressed by [system] { } * { verb } { noun phrase }, wherein [being System] illustrate the executing subject of postcondition, { } indicates that the postcondition should be already existing state.Such as it is described after The condition of setting, which can be, have been saved, updated, has created, generated or has recorded.
(5) main path:
Executor and executing subject bout interaction one by one, until reaching purpose, to obtain main path.Each bout The step of be divided into four classes: request verifying, changes, responds.One bout can have the 2-4 in four classes, such as request, verifying, Or request, verifying, change, response.
The subject of main path can only be main executive or system, such as: " [system] dry something ", " certain is done by direct-connected trade company Thing ".
Literary style: { number }, [system] | and main executor } { adverbial clause } * { verb } { attribute } { noun } [[{ conjunction } | ,] { adverbial clause } * { verb } { attribute } { noun }] *
{ adverbial clause }: { preposition } [{ adverbial word }] { adjective } { noun } [{ noun of locality }]
Verb is specifically as follows: verification updates, record, creates, generates, showing, feedback, submitting, request or send.It compiles Number: number is only number, such as 1,2,3;Wherein adverbial clause citing can for | from suitable account.Path is to ask Beginning is asked, response terminates, and there can be multi-round, wherein the rule in the path verified there should be a check field list.
(6) extensions path:
Extensions path is system accident to be processed and branch on elementary path.Not every accident is all that extension (must It must be that system can perceive and to be processed).Such as: " trade company operator heart attack " causes " to accept application generation hair to withdraw deposit Reimbursement " does not complete, but it is not extension, because system can not be handled.The reason of extension will appear, can be the selection of executor The reason of, business rule the reason of, system verifying the reason of etc..
It should be noted that the selection of user cannot be identified as extensions path, such as selection validation of payment password, fingerprint Payment, only option but and be not belonging to extensions path, which no matter is selected, be all verifying identity.
Literary style: { number } { sub- number }, [system] | and main executor } { adverbial clause } * { verb } { attribute } { noun } { no } * { adjective } *
Son number: being only letter, and the son number of the extension of extensions path is also only letter;
Adjective can be, and legal, conjunction advises, fails;Verb can be verification, update, record, creation, generation, show, mentions It hands over, request, need, check.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, be each related to system demonstration, report an error, prompt, require user select extension road Diameter has all automatically generated corresponding UI interaction figure, and the number of UI interaction figure is consistent with extensions path number;One legal business Rule should correspond to an extensions path, and business rule number is consistent with extensions path number.
(7) list of fields:
Corresponding, the word that output and input step specific in list of fields and main path or extensions path of system The number of Duan Liebiao and the number in path will be mapped.
Literary style: the list of fields of input includes: whether field name must fill out, type, length, description, the field column of output Table includes: field name, description.
(8) business rule:
Should there are the rule of a check field list, the corresponding expansion of the rule of a legitimacy in request legitimacy rule Path is opened up, rule numbers are consistent with extensions path.In addition, further including showing rule, the rule that reports an error, indicative rule, Yong Huxuan The rule selected.
(9) design constraint:
Interface, platform, UI design constraint are contained, and UI constrains corresponding with specific path
By it is above-mentioned for structured analysis rule presentation content it is found that by by demand history according to above structureization point Analysis rule is analyzed, and demand history can be converted to the use-case of structuring, so as to complete the structuring table of entire use-case It states, clearly the original appearance of exposition need, and reduces communication error, meet and relate to many requirements, the requirement of system is allowed more to be able to satisfy Relate to many interests.The expression way of structuring requirements use case makes the statement of demand more perfect, regular, reduce research staff because The case where causing efficiency of research and development to reduce for different demand formats, so that communication efficiency of the product in R&D process is more It is high.Specific demand decreases the overlapping development of system, reduces idle work, lifting system function to relating to the accurate of many requirements Property.
For the structural workflow net in the apparent statement embodiment of the present invention, by specific small in the present invention Difference quotient family barcode scanning, which is supplemented with money, illustrates, as shown in figure 4, the interactive process during the barcode scanning of its statement is supplemented with money includes following dynamic Make: small difference quotient family boss supplements with money to payment account, small difference quotient family finance configure barcode scanning to payment system and supplement employee's list, payment with money System update can supplement employee's list with money, small difference quotient family finance obtain payment system and supplement two dimensional code, small difference quotient family finance with money to payment The payment of system barcode scanning, payment system are paid the bill to banking system, and the verification certificate of the payment system occurred according to time control operates.
In above-mentioned several demands, by taking small difference quotient family finance show the demand of barcode scanning recharge interface as an example, structuring is carried out Analysis, obtains the particular content of each attribute:
(1) main executive: trade company operator;
(2) many interests are related to:
Trade company: safety is wanted to, is quickly paid using wechat and is supplemented with money for merchant account;
The operator of trade company: sweeping the operator singly supplemented with money in list, can smooth barcode scanning;
Wechat pays responsible person: the talent's energy barcode scanning for only limiting permission is supplemented with money, avoids trade company from being received with this function single;
Air control responsible person: air control loophole is avoided the occurrence of when showing barcode scanning recharge interface;
Safety director: show that interface avoids the occurrence of security risk;
Customer service responsible person: showing that interface and explanation are clear, and the consulting for reducing trade company is complained, and workload is otherwise increased;
(3) precondition: trade company operator has logged in;
(4) postcondition: nothing;
(5) predominating path:
Trade company operator requests barcode scanning to be supplemented with money;
The login state of [system] verification trade company operator;
[system] shows barcode scanning recharge interface;
(6) extensions path:
[system] verifies trade company operator and does not have login state, jumps login, use-case terminates;
(7) supplementary constraints:
A. the content of list of fields attribute is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
B. the content of business rule attribute includes:
The prompt information that super pipe logs in shows rule as shown in table 2, super pipe login and it is modified excessively once can barcode scanning fill As shown in table 3, the prompt information that operator's (non-super pipe) logs in shows rule as shown in table 4 to rule after being worth list.
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
(8) content of quality requirement attribute includes: five availability, performance, supportable, safety, ease for use aspects Content;
(9) design constraint:
Wherein UI design constraint as viewed in figures 5-8, Fig. 5 show be not configured can barcode scanning employee when the interface UI, Fig. 6 shows The interface UI that super pipe after the trade company number of card barcode scanning list is seen is gone out to configure, Fig. 7 shows what the employee in list saw The interface UI, Fig. 8 show the interface that the employee in non-list sees.
Demand can be carried out structural representation, the structuring of requirements use case by structured analysis in the embodiment of the present invention Be related to use-case title, relate to many interests, main executive, auxiliary executor, precondition, postcondition, path, extensions path, The mode of supplementary constraints is expressed, and wherein supplementary constraints further comprise quality requirement, design constraint, quality requirement include again performance, Availability, safety, the constraint of ease for use, according to an embodiment of the present invention described in the obtained demand of structural workflow net use Example can clearly give expression to the particular content of demand and the primary reason of demand, so as to allow the research staff of product with one The rigorous language of kind of logic is linked up, to greatly improve the efficiency of research and development, promotes the quality and successfully of entire product Rate.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of structuring requirements use case automatically generating device, as shown in Figure 9, comprising:
Demand history obtains module 1, for obtaining demand history.
Analysis module 2 for carrying out structured analysis to the demand history, and constructs the corresponding mould of the demand history Type.
The structured analysis is executed according to preset structured analysis rule;The structured analysis rule is used for need Record is asked to carry out automation modeling;In modeling process, according in demand history described in the structured analysis Rule Extraction Demand element simultaneously obtains the relationship between each demand element.
Automated analysis rule is used to construct the static structure of model, and the automated analysis rule includes attribute and each Relationship two parts content between a attribute.
Output module 3, for exporting the corresponding structuring requirements use case of the demand history according to the model.
A kind of the device of the invention structuring requirements use case automatically generating device as described in the examples and embodiment of the method Based on similarly inventive concept.
The embodiments of the present invention also provide a kind of storage medium, the storage medium can be used for saving for realizing implementation The program code for needing to use in example.Optionally, in the present embodiment, above-mentioned storage medium can be located at computer network At least one network equipment in multiple network equipments.Optionally, in the present embodiment, above-mentioned storage medium may include but not It is limited to: USB flash disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), the various media that can store program code such as mobile hard disk, magnetic or disk.
Specifically, Figure 10 is a kind of server architecture schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and the server architecture can For automatically generating structuring requirements use case.The server 800 can generate bigger difference because configuration or performance are different, May include one or more central processing units (central processing units, CPU) 822 (for example, one or More than one processor) and memory 832, the storage medium of one or more storage application programs 842 or data 844 830 (such as one or more mass memory units).Wherein, memory 832 and storage medium 830 can be of short duration storage Or persistent storage.The program for being stored in storage medium 830 may include one or more modules (diagram is not shown), each Module may include to the series of instructions operation in server.Further, central processing unit 822 can be set to and deposit Storage media 830 communicates, and the series of instructions operation in storage medium 830 is executed on server 800.Server 800 can be with Including one or more power supplys 826, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 850, one or more Input/output interface 858, and/or, one or more operating systems 841, such as Windows ServerTM, Mac OS XTM, UnixTM, LinuxTM, FreeBSDTM etc..Step performed by above method embodiment can be based on shown in the Figure 10 Server architecture.
It should be understood that the sequencing of the embodiments of the present invention is for illustration only, the excellent of embodiment is not represented It is bad.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realizing that all or part of the steps of above-described embodiment can pass through hardware It completes, relevant hardware can also be instructed to complete by program, the program can store in a kind of computer-readable In storage medium, storage medium mentioned above can be read-only memory, disk or CD etc..
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation method characterized by comprising
Obtain demand history;
Structured analysis is carried out to the demand history, and constructs the corresponding model of the demand history;
The corresponding structuring requirements use case of the demand history is exported according to the model.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by:
The structured analysis is executed according to preset structured analysis rule;The structured analysis rule is used to remember demand Record carries out automation modeling;In modeling process, according to the demand in demand history described in the structured analysis Rule Extraction Element simultaneously obtains the relationship between each demand element.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized by:
Automated analysis rule is used to construct the static structure of model, and the automated analysis rule includes attribute and each category Relationship two parts content between property.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized by:
Relationship between each attribute include it is extensive, realize, rely on, association, polymerization and/or combination.
5. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized by:
Attribute related with requirements use case is divided into the first set of properties, the second set of properties and third in the structured analysis rule Set of properties;First set of properties is the combination for constituting the attribute of paradigmatic relation with the requirements use case and being formed;Described second belongs to Property group in member and the first set of properties in one or more members between be generalization;In the third set of properties at It is generalization or syntagmatic between one or more members in member and the second set of properties.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized by:
Attribute in first set of properties includes executor, relates to many interests, precondition, postcondition, path and supplement about Beam.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized by:
The executor includes main executive and auxiliary executor;
It is expressed by the execution process between each execution step needed for the realization requirements use case in the path;
The supplementary constraints include four list of fields, business rule, quality requirement and design constraint parts.
8. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterized by:
The design constraint includes platform constraints, interface constraints and UI constraint.
9. a kind of structuring requirements use case automatically generating device characterized by comprising
Demand history obtains module, for obtaining demand history;
Analysis module for carrying out structured analysis to the demand history, and constructs the corresponding model of the demand history;
Output module, for exporting the corresponding structuring requirements use case of the demand history according to the model.
10. a kind of computer readable storage medium, for storing program, which is characterized in that described program is wanted for realizing right Seek a kind of structuring requirements use case automatic generation method in 1.
11. a kind of server, which is characterized in that the server is for running a kind of structuring demand as claimed in claim 9 Use-case automatically generating device.
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