CN109031834A - A kind of self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109031834A
CN109031834A CN201810809346.4A CN201810809346A CN109031834A CN 109031834 A CN109031834 A CN 109031834A CN 201810809346 A CN201810809346 A CN 201810809346A CN 109031834 A CN109031834 A CN 109031834A
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electrode
film
battery
charging
poly pyrrole
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王金敏
杨兵
杜景鹏
吴凤燕
于红玉
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Shanghai Polytechnic University
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Shanghai Polytechnic University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/155—Electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of self-charging polypyrrole discoloration batteries and preparation method thereof.It includes switch, film of poly pyrrole electrode, reducing metal electrode, encapsulating material and electrolyte；Wherein the film of poly pyrrole of film of poly pyrrole electrode by substrate and thereon is constituted, and the strip reducing metal that reducing metal electrode is bonded by substrate and thereon forms；Switch is set between film of poly pyrrole electrode and reducing metal electrode, and switch interelectrode is connected or disconnected for controlling two；Encapsulating material encapsulates the bottom and left and right end of film of poly pyrrole electrode and reducing metal electrode, and electrolyte is arranged between film of poly pyrrole electrode, reducing metal electrode and in the space that encapsulating material defines.Present invention discoloration battery structure is simple, has electrochromism and the difunctional feature of battery, and the polypyrrole after electric discharge can be restored to reset condition in air, play the effect of self-charging.

Description

A kind of self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to multi-functional electrochromic device technical fields, and in particular to a kind of self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery And preparation method thereof.
Background technique
The device of traditional simple function can no longer meet certain demand, and there is difunctional device gradually to be opened It issues, the difunctional device with electrochromism and battery is exactly this typical representative.Electrochromism refers in electric field Under alternately and repeatedly acting on, reversible variation repeatedly occurs for the properties such as color and transmitance of material.Therefore, electrochromic material It can be used as a kind of energy-saving material, the light and heat of management space carried out applied to smart window.Electrochromic material also can be used as battery Cathode material and reducing metal be assembled into battery, to play the role of energy storage.
This kind of electrochromic material as battery in use, with constantly charge and discharge process progress, color meeting There is significantly reversible change.Therefore, this device also can be used as discoloration battery and use.But restores capacity and do not take charging Mode, and take the mode to be charged with air, electrochromic material can aoxidize in air, be restored to original color and State.Therefore, this device can also be used as self-charging discoloration battery and use.
Polypyrrole is divided into oxidized and reduced, the energy existing polypyrrole for oxidation state stable in the air, color Black is shown as, reduction reaction occurs when it obtains electronics, the polypyrrole of reduction-state can be become, color shows as yellow transparent. Therefore, polypyrrole, which can both do electrochromic material, can also be used as the cathode material of battery.And when it is in reduction-state, It is extremely unstable in air, it can be by the dioxygen oxidation in air at oxidation state, to play the effect of self-charging.And work as its conduct In use, in the charge and discharge process of battery, significant change can occur the cathode material of battery for color and transmitance, because This, can judge the capacity of battery by transmitance.Therefore, polypyrrole can be applied to self-charging discoloration battery.
Summary of the invention
In order to make up the deficiency of existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of self-charging polypyrrole discoloration batteries And preparation method thereof.Present invention discoloration battery structure is simple, has electrochromism and the difunctional feature of battery, and poly- after electric discharge Pyrroles can be restored to reset condition in air, play the effect of self-charging.Technical solution of the present invention is specifically described as follows.
The present invention provides a kind of self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery comprising switch, film of poly pyrrole electrode, reproducibility gold
Belong to electrode, encapsulating material and electrolyte；Wherein the film of poly pyrrole of film of poly pyrrole electrode by substrate and thereon is constituted, also The strip reducing metal that originality metal electrode is bonded by substrate and thereon forms；Film of poly pyrrole electrode and reducing metal Switch is set between electrode, and switch interelectrode is connected or disconnected for controlling two；Encapsulating material encapsulates film of poly pyrrole electrode With the bottom and left and right end of reducing metal electrode, electrolyte is arranged between film of poly pyrrole electrode, reducing metal electrode In the space defined with encapsulating material.
In the present invention, the thickness of film of poly pyrrole between 5 ~ 20 μm, the thickness of reducing metal 0.05mm ~ 1mm it Between, the thickness of encapsulating material is between 0.1 ~ 2mm.Preferably, the thickness of film of poly pyrrole is between 10 ~ 15 μm, reproducibility gold The thickness of category is between 0.2mm ~ 0.5mm, and the thickness of encapsulating material is between 0.5 ~ 1mm.
In the present invention, film of poly pyrrole electrode deposits film of poly pyrrole by galvanostatic method in substrate and is made；It is with base Bottom
For working electrode, platinum electrode is to electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is reference electrode, and depositing current density is 0.05 ~ 1 mA/ cm2, sedimentation time is the s of 140 s ~ 450, and deposition liquid is the water-soluble of pyrrole monomer that molar concentration rate is 1:2 ~ 2:1 and dopant Liquid, dopant are any in inorganic salts, surfactant or dyestuff.
In the present invention, inorganic salts are any in sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, lithium perchlorate or sodium sulphate, surfactant Any in paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt, neopelex or dodecyl sodium sulfate, dyestuff is selected from indigo, methyl orange Or it is any in isatin.
In the present invention, substrate is transparent conducting glass；Reducing metal in reducing metal electrode is selected from metallic aluminium, gold Belong to iron, magnesium metal is any in metallic zinc or metallic tin；Encapsulating material is any in silica gel or acrylic glue.
In the present invention, the concentration of electrolyte solution is 0.5 ~ 5 mol/L, is selected from potassium chloride solution, aqueous sodium chloride Liquid,
It is any in lithium perchlorate aqueous solution, hexafluorophosphoric acid aqueous solutions of potassium, sodium nitrate aqueous solution or potassium nitrate aqueous solution.It is preferred that , the concentration of electrolyte solution is 1 ~ 3 mol/L.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery, the specific steps are as follows:
Firstly, the method by electrochemical oxidation deposits film of poly pyrrole in substrate, galvanostatic method, electrically conducting transparent base are used Body is working electrode, and platinum electrode is to electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is reference electrode, and it is 1:2 ~ 2 that deposition liquid, which is molar concentration rate: 1 pyrrole monomer and the aqueous solution of dopant；
Then the reducing metal of fine strip shape is fitted in one end of another substrate, and guarantee its part and film of poly pyrrole phase It is right；
Encapsulating material is attached to the bottom and left and right end of the substrate with reducing metal again, and with the base that has film of poly pyrrole Bottom package is an entirety；
Finally, electrolyte is injected in the space defined by film of poly pyrrole electrode, reducing metal electrode and encapsulating material, it is complete At the preparation of self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery.
Compared to the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Preparation method of the present invention is simple, low in cost.Prepared self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery structure is simple, possesses section The characteristics of energy, energy storage and self-charging.Its transmitance can restore 80 % or more after 1 h, and open-circuit voltage and specific capacity are 24 It can restore 90 % or more after h, power without extra power.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of self-charging polypyrrole of the present invention discoloration battery.
Fig. 2 is the digital photograph of self-charging polypyrrole of the present invention discoloration battery color changeable effect, and wherein a is coloured state, and b is Colour fading state.
Fig. 3 is the coloured state of self-charging polypyrrole of the present invention discoloration battery and the transmittance curve figure of colour fading state.
Fig. 4 is that self-charging polypyrrole of the present invention changes colour battery after complete electric discharge, and the transmitance restored in air is bent Line chart.
Fig. 5 is transmitance variation in self-charging polypyrrole of the present invention discoloration battery charging and discharging curve and its charge and discharge process Figure.
Fig. 6 is after self-charging polypyrrole of the present invention discoloration battery discharges completely, and open-circuit voltage and capacity are extensive in air Multiple figure.
Figure label: 1- switch, 2- conducting wire, 3- electrically conducting transparent matrix, 4- film of poly pyrrole, 5- electrolyte, 6- reproducibility Metal, 7- encapsulating material.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with attached drawing and following embodiments, it should be appreciated that attached drawing and embodiment are only It is to illustrate the invention, to be not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention is directed to which film of poly pyrrole to be applied in self-charging discoloration battery, and obtain faster self-charging rate. And the battery structure is simple, preparation method is simple, low in cost.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of structural schematic diagram of self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery provided by the invention is shown, battery Both ends are electrically conducting transparent matrix respectively, the supporter and collector as positive film of poly pyrrole and cathodic reduction metal；
In the first electrically conducting transparent matrix 3(in the leftmost side of Fig. 1) on be deposited with film of poly pyrrole 4 be used as electrochromic layer and electricity The positive electrode in pond, the first electrically conducting transparent matrix 3 constitute film of poly pyrrole electrode with film of poly pyrrole thereon；
In the second electrically conducting transparent matrix 3(in the rightmost side of Fig. 1) left or right fitting elongate strip reducing metal 6, and Guarantee reducing metal some with film of poly pyrrole face, to not influence whole transmitance.And guarantee its usage amount It is excessive, to promote the service life of the battery.Metallic aluminium, iron and magnesium etc. can be selected in reducing metal；
The electrolyte 5 as packaged by encapsulating material 7, electrolyte are set between film of poly pyrrole electrode and reducing metal electrode Select 0.5 ~ 5 mol/L, preferably the aqueous solution of the potassium chloride of 1 ~ 3 mol/L, the aqueous solution of sodium chloride, lithium perchlorate it is water-soluble Liquid, the aqueous solution of Potassium Hexafluorophosphate, the aqueous solution of sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate aqueous solution.The thickness of electrolyte layer is used envelope The thickness of package material 7 is determined, with a thickness of 0.1 ~ 2 mm, preferred thickness is 0.5 ~ 1 mm.7 encapsulated electrodes of encapsulating material Bottom and left and right end, leave top, convenient for the circulation of air, thus make change colour battery achieve the effect that self-charging.
Film of poly pyrrole electrode has conducting wire 2 to connect with reducing metal electrode, and switch 1 is arranged therebetween, to control two It is interelectrode to connect or disconnect.
Self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery of the invention is both electrochromic device and battery.As electrochromism device Part, when the connection of two electrodes, the color of polypyrrole is yellow transparent, i.e. colour fading process by black transitions.It is single as battery Battery can provide the voltage of 0.94V, and two batteries can put the diode bulb of shiny red, and exhausting with capacity, Can be with the variation of this color, when capacity exhaust, color can be changed into yellow transparent.When disconnecting the connection of two electrodes, After it restores 4 hours in air, color can be to black transitions, i.e. coloring process, and can put the two of shiny red again The light bulb of pole pipe.
Additionally, it is provided the specific preparation method of self-charging film of poly pyrrole battery:
Firstly, the method by electrochemical oxidation deposits film of poly pyrrole on electrically conducting transparent matrix, galvanostatic method is used, thoroughly Bright conducting base is working electrode, and platinum electrode is to electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is reference electrode, depositing current density 0.05 ~1 mA/cm2, sedimentation time is the s of 140 s ~ 450, and used deposition liquid is the pyrrole monomer that molar concentration rate is 1:2 ~ 2:1 With the aqueous solution of dopant, dopant species have inorganic salts, surfactant and dyestuff, and wherein inorganic salts include sodium chloride, nitre Sour sodium, lithium perchlorate and sodium sulphate etc., surfactant include paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt, neopelex and dodecyl Sodium sulfonate etc., dyestuff include indigo, methyl orange and isatin etc., and preferred kind is surfactant-based.Obtain film of poly pyrrole With a thickness of 5 ~ 20 μm, preferred thickness is 10 ~ 15 μm.
Then the reducing metal of fine strip shape is fitted in one end of another electrically conducting transparent matrix, and guarantee its part and gather Pyrroles's film is opposite.Reducing metal with a thickness of 0.05 ~ 1 mm, preferred thickness is 0.2 ~ 0.5 mm.
Encapsulating material is attached to the bottom and left and right end of the electrically conducting transparent matrix with reducing metal again, and poly- with having The electrically conducting transparent matrix of pyrroles's film is encapsulated as an entirety.Its encapsulating material with a thickness of 0.1 ~ 2 mm, preferred thickness is 0.5~1 mm。
Finally, by 0.5 ~ 5 mol/L, the preferably aqueous solution of the potassium chloride of 1 ~ 3 mol/L, the aqueous solution of sodium chloride, height The aqueous solution of lithium chlorate, the aqueous solution of Potassium Hexafluorophosphate, the aqueous solution of sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate aqueous solution inject by polypyrrole The space that membrane electrode, reducing metal electrode and encapsulating material 7 define.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the invention is further described, it should be appreciated that these embodiments are served only for illustrating the hair It is bright, it is not intended to limit the present invention.It should also be understood that those skilled in the art makes change, replacement and simplification after reading the present invention Deng all within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1.05 mL pyrroles are measured, 1.92 g paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts are weighed, 150 mL deionized waters are measured, by the pyrroles after measurement It is sufficiently dissolved into deionized water, is dissolved into the deionized water containing pyrroles after pyrroles's dissolution, then by paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt, to Deposition liquid after dissolution, as electro-deposition film of poly pyrrole.Three-electrode system is taken, area is 25 × 50 mm2Electrically conducting transparent glass Glass is used as working electrode, platinized platinum to electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is as reference electrode.Electrochemical workstation is opened, is used More galvanostatic pulse methods, selection electric current are 4 mA, and sedimentation time is 250 s, obtain the film of poly pyrrole with a thickness of 10 μm.
Cutting area is 10 × 60 mm20.2 mm thickness aluminium foil, be fitted in the left end or the right side of another transparent conducting glass End, and guarantee it some is opposite with film of poly pyrrole.The acrylic transparent double face glue of 1 mm thickness is encapsulated in again and posts aluminium The bottom and left and right end of the transparent conducting glass of foil.The Klorvess Liquid of 3 mol/L film of poly pyrrole electricity has been injected into finally In the space that pole, reducing metal electrode and acrylic transparent double face glue define, self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery is obtained.Such as figure Shown in 2, reducing metal electrode and film of poly pyrrole electrode are connected directly, film of poly pyrrole is by the black (coloring in Fig. 2 a State) be changed into the yellow transparent (colour fading state) in Fig. 2 b, corresponding transmitance spectrogram as shown in figure 3, its coloured state be black, For transmitance in 300 ~ 800 nm wave-length coverages less than 3.0%, colour fading state is yellow transparent, in 300 ~ 474 nm wave-length coverages, Transmitance is less than the transmitance of coloured state, and in the nm wave-length coverage of 474 nm ~ 800, transmitance is all larger than coloured state, and At 698.5 nm wavelength, it is 59.0% that colour fading state, which reaches maximum value with coloured state transmitance difference, possesses biggish contrast. After disconnecting the connection of two electrodes, the film of poly pyrrole of yellow transparent is gradually oxidized to the poly- pyrrole of black by the oxygen in air It coughs up, to achieve the effect that self-charging, as shown in figure 4, with the extension of time, transmission in 300 ~ 474 nm wave-length coverages Rate is rising, and transmitance is declining in 474 ~ 800 nm wave-length coverages, it is meant that the polypyrrole of yellow transparent spontaneously to The polypyrrole of black changes, and at 698.5 nm of wavelength of maximum transmission difference, polypyrrole restores 5 min, 10 min, 30 After min, 1 h, transmitance has dropped 31.05 %, 34.21 %, 38.42 % respectively, its transmitance is restored after 48.32 %, 1 h 81.9%.When with the current density of 1 A/g to its charge and discharge, while its transmitance variation at 698.5 nm wavelength is tested, such as Shown in Fig. 5, when in open circuit, transmitance is 2.95 %, can be with when discharging into 0 V to it with the current density of 1 A/g Reach the specific capacity of 75.25 mAh/g, and its transmitance rises to 56.55 %, when filling again with same current density to it For electricity to 1.7 V, transmitance drops to 3.92 %, it means that can learn capacity from transmitance.As shown in fig. 6, when with 1 After the current density of A/g discharges into 0 V, restore 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 15 h, 24 h in air, opens a way Voltage is restored to 0.48 V, 0.55 V, 0.59 V respectively, and 0.61 V, 0.8 V, 0.84 V, 0.85 V, specific capacity is distinguished extensive It answers to 32.61 mAh/g, 40.02 mAh/g, 56.44mAh/g, 57.63 mAh/g, 61.76 mAh/g, 65.92 mAh/g, After 71.07 mAh/g, 24 h, open-circuit voltage and specific capacity restore 90.4 % and 94.4 % respectively.
Embodiment 2
1.4 mL pyrroles are measured, 2.56 g paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salts are weighed, 200 mL deionized waters is measured, the pyrroles after measurement is filled Divide and be dissolved into deionized water, is dissolved into the deionized water containing pyrroles after pyrroles's dissolution, then by paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt, to molten Xie Hou, the deposition liquid as electro-deposition film of poly pyrrole.Three-electrode system is taken, area is 25 × 50 mm2Transparent conducting glass As working electrode, platinized platinum is used as to electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is as reference electrode.Electrochemical workstation is opened, using more Galvanostatic pulse method, selection electric current are 5 mA, sedimentation time 300s, obtain the film of poly pyrrole of 12 μ m thicks.
Cutting area is 10 × 60 mm20.2 mm thickness aluminium foil, be fitted in the left end or the right side of another transparent conducting glass End, and guarantee it some is opposite with film of poly pyrrole.The acrylic transparent double face glue of 1 mm thickness is encapsulated in again and posts aluminium The bottom and left and right end of the transparent conducting glass of foil.The sodium chloride solution of 3 mol/L film of poly pyrrole electricity has been injected into finally In the space that pole, reducing metal electrode and acrylic transparent double face glue define, self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery is obtained.It is most Big transmitance difference is 60 %, and transmitance restores 80 % after 1 h, and specific capacity is 78.20 mAh/g, extensive in air Open-circuit voltage and specific capacity restore 91.0% and 94.1 % respectively after multiple 24 h.
Embodiment 3
1.05 mL pyrroles are measured, 4.09 g is weighed to dodecyl sodium sulfate, 150 mL deionized waters is measured, after measurement Pyrroles is sufficiently dissolved into deionized water, is dissolved into the deionization containing pyrroles after pyrroles's dissolution, then by dodecyl sodium sulfate Deposition liquid in water, after to be dissolved, as electro-deposition film of poly pyrrole.Three-electrode system is taken, area is 25 × 50 mm2Thoroughly Bright electro-conductive glass is used as working electrode, platinized platinum to electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is as reference electrode.Open electrochemical operation It stands, using more galvanostatic pulse methods, selection electric current is 4 mA, sedimentation time 300s, obtains the film of poly pyrrole of 11 μ m thicks.
Cutting area is 10 × 60 mm20.5 mm thickness zinc foil, be fitted in the left end or the right side of another transparent conducting glass End, and guarantee it some is opposite with film of poly pyrrole.The acrylic transparent double face glue of 1 mm thickness is encapsulated in again and posts aluminium The bottom and left and right end of the transparent conducting glass of foil.The Klorvess Liquid of 1 mol/L film of poly pyrrole electricity has been injected into finally In the space that pole, reducing metal electrode and acrylic transparent double face glue define, self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery is obtained.It is most Big transmitance difference is 61 %, and transmitance restores 83 % after 1 h, and specific capacity is 76.55 mAh/g, extensive in air Open-circuit voltage and specific capacity restore 89.0% and 92.3 % respectively after multiple 24 h.
Embodiment 4
1.05 mL pyrroles are measured, 1.27 g sodium nitrate are weighed, measure 150 mL deionized waters, the pyrroles after measurement is sufficiently molten Solution is dissolved into the deionized water containing pyrroles after pyrroles's dissolution, then by sodium nitrate into deionized water, after to be dissolved, as The deposition liquid of electro-deposition film of poly pyrrole.Three-electrode system is taken, area is 25 × 50 mm2Transparent conducting glass is as work Electrode, platinized platinum are used as to electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is as reference electrode.Electrochemical workstation is opened, using more current steps Method, selection electric current are 4 mA, sedimentation time 300s, obtain the film of poly pyrrole of 11 μ m thicks.
Cutting area is 10 × 60 mm20.2 mm thickness aluminium foil, be fitted in the left end or the right side of another transparent conducting glass End, and guarantee it some is opposite with film of poly pyrrole.The acrylic transparent double face glue of 0.5 mm thickness is encapsulated in again and is posted The bottom and left and right end of the transparent conducting glass of aluminium foil.The Klorvess Liquid of 1 mol/L film of poly pyrrole has been injected into finally In the space that electrode, reducing metal electrode and acrylic transparent double face glue define, self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery is obtained.Its Maximum transmission difference is 59%, and transmitance restores 80 %, specific capacity 74.50mAh/g after 1 h, extensive in air Open-circuit voltage and specific capacity restore 92.0% and 93.1 % respectively after multiple 24 h.

Claims (9)

  1. The battery 1. a kind of self-charging polypyrrole changes colour, which is characterized in that it includes switch, film of poly pyrrole electrode, reproducibility gold
    Belong to electrode, encapsulating material and electrolyte；Wherein the film of poly pyrrole of film of poly pyrrole electrode by substrate and thereon is constituted, also The strip reducing metal that originality metal electrode is bonded by substrate and thereon forms；Film of poly pyrrole electrode and reducing metal Switch is set between electrode, and switch interelectrode is connected or disconnected for controlling two；Encapsulating material encapsulates film of poly pyrrole electrode With the bottom and left and right end of reducing metal electrode, electrolyte is arranged between film of poly pyrrole electrode, reducing metal electrode In the space defined with encapsulating material.
  2. The battery 2. self-charging polypyrrole according to claim 1 changes colour, which is characterized in that the thickness of film of poly pyrrole exists
    Between 5 ~ 20 μm, the thickness of reducing metal is between 0.05mm ~ 1mm, and the thickness of encapsulating material is between 0.1 ~ 2mm.
  3. The battery 3. self-charging polypyrrole according to claim 1 changes colour, which is characterized in that the thickness of film of poly pyrrole exists
    Between 10 ~ 15 μm, the thickness of reducing metal between 0.2mm ~ 0.5mm, the thickness of encapsulating material 0.5 ~ 1mm it Between.
  4. The battery 4. self-charging polypyrrole according to claim 1 changes colour, which is characterized in that film of poly pyrrole electrode passes through perseverance
    Current method deposits film of poly pyrrole in substrate and is made；, using substrate as working electrode, platinum electrode is to be saturated sweet to electrode for it Mercury electrode is reference electrode, and depositing current density is 0.05 ~ 1 mA/cm2, sedimentation time is the s of 140 s ~ 450, and deposition liquid is to rub Your concentration ratio is the pyrrole monomer of 1:2 ~ 2:1 and the aqueous solution of dopant, and dopant is selected from inorganic salts, surfactant or dyestuff In it is any.
  5. The battery 5. self-charging polypyrrole according to claim 4 changes colour, which is characterized in that inorganic salts are selected from sodium chloride, nitre
    Any in sour sodium, lithium perchlorate or sodium sulphate, surfactant is selected from paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt, neopelex Or it is any in dodecyl sodium sulfate, dyestuff is any in indigo, methyl orange or isatin.
  6. The battery 6. self-charging polypyrrole according to claim 1 changes colour, which is characterized in that substrate is transparent conducting glass；
    Reducing metal in reducing metal electrode is selected from metallic aluminium, metallic iron, magnesium metal, any in metallic zinc or metallic tin Kind；Encapsulating material is any in silica gel or acrylic glue.
  7. The battery 7. self-charging polypyrrole according to claim 1 changes colour, which is characterized in that the concentration of electrolyte solution is 0.5~5
    Mol/L is selected from potassium chloride solution, sodium-chloride water solution, lithium perchlorate aqueous solution, hexafluorophosphoric acid aqueous solutions of potassium, nitre It is any in acid sodium aqueous solution or potassium nitrate aqueous solution.
  8. The battery 8. self-charging polypyrrole according to claim 7 changes colour, which is characterized in that the concentration of electrolyte solution is 1 ~3
    mol/L。
  9. 9. it is a kind of according to claim 1 ~ one of 8 described in self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery preparation method, which is characterized in that
    Specific step is as follows:
    Firstly, the method by electrochemical oxidation deposits film of poly pyrrole in substrate, galvanostatic method, electrically conducting transparent base are used Body is working electrode, and platinum electrode is to electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is reference electrode, and it is 1:2 ~ 2 that deposition liquid, which is molar concentration rate: 1 pyrrole monomer and the aqueous solution of dopant；
    Then the reducing metal of fine strip shape is fitted in one end of another substrate, and guarantee its part and film of poly pyrrole phase It is right；
    Encapsulating material is attached to the bottom and left and right end of the substrate with reducing metal again, and with the base that has film of poly pyrrole Bottom package is an entirety；
    Finally, electrolyte is injected in the space defined by film of poly pyrrole electrode, reducing metal electrode and encapsulating material,
    Complete the preparation of self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery.
CN201810809346.4A 2018-07-23 2018-07-23 A kind of self-charging polypyrrole discoloration battery and preparation method thereof Pending CN109031834A (en)

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