CN109030959B - Airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system and test method thereof - Google Patents
Airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109030959B CN109030959B CN201810589202.2A CN201810589202A CN109030959B CN 109030959 B CN109030959 B CN 109030959B CN 201810589202 A CN201810589202 A CN 201810589202A CN 109030959 B CN109030959 B CN 109030959B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0807—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by the application
- G01R29/0814—Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning
- G01R29/0821—Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning rooms and test sites therefor, e.g. anechoic chambers, open field sites or TEM cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0871—Complete apparatus or systems; circuits, e.g. receivers or amplifiers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0892—Details related to signal analysis or treatment; presenting results, e.g. displays; measuring specific signal features other than field strength, e.g. polarisation, field modes, phase, envelope, maximum value
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic compatibility test, in particular to an airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system and a test method thereof, wherein the test system comprises: the device comprises an anechoic chamber (1), a test airplane (2), a hydraulic pipe (7), a control room (8), a spectrum analyzer (4), a control computer (5) and the like. The airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system and the test method thereof can scientifically, comprehensively and pertinently find out the frequency points with potential interference hazards, and can be applied to electromagnetic compatibility mutual interference check, so that the electromagnetic interference problem of the aircraft ultrashort wave radio station can be fully exposed in the engineering development stage, and the problem of the interference of the ultrashort wave radio station can be solved in time before the aircraft is delivered for use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic compatibility testing, in particular to an airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility testing system and a testing method thereof.
Background
In order to pursue advanced task performance, an airplane is provided with various electronic systems and devices such as communication, navigation, identification, radar, electronic countermeasure, monitoring, investigation, computers, sensors and the like in a limited space, the electronic systems and devices often have electromagnetic interference problems when working cooperatively, and in the process of developing the airplane, in order to verify whether the electronic and electrical devices of the airplane can realize electromagnetic compatibility, an electromagnetic compatibility mutual interference check test is required to be carried out for verification.
In the airborne wireless receiving equipment, the receiving sensitivity of the ultra-short wave radio station is high, and the main frequency or frequency doubling signal of the airborne electronic equipment can be easily in the working frequency range of the ultra-short wave radio station and is easily disturbed by electromagnetic interference. In the conventional electromagnetic compatibility mutual interference check test, ultrashort wave check frequency points are generally selected through the experience of the conventional airplane model and the electromagnetic compatibility test report of a finished product, and the individual difference of airborne equipment and the uncertainty of the test state of the finished product often cause the frequency point selection pertinence to be poor, so that the frequency points with the potential interference hazards cannot be accurately positioned.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility testing system and a testing method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the frequency point selection pertinence is not strong, and the interference cannot be accurately positioned.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system includes:
an anechoic chamber;
the test aircraft is arranged in the anechoic chamber, an ultrashort wave radio station is arranged in an equipment cabin of the test aircraft, and a radio frequency interface end of the ultrashort wave radio station is connected with a load through a fourth radio frequency cable;
the fifth radio frequency cable is positioned in an equipment cabin of the test airplane, one end of the fifth radio frequency cable is connected to the ultrashort wave radio station, the other end of the fifth radio frequency cable is connected to an ultrashort wave antenna of the test airplane, and in addition, one end of the fifth radio frequency cable, which is connected to the ultrashort wave radio station, is also connected with the first radio frequency cable;
a ventilation line connected to the test aircraft;
a hydraulic tube connected to the test aircraft;
the first trench penetrates through the anechoic chamber and is used for communicating the anechoic chamber with the outside, and pipelines for the first radio frequency cable, the ventilation pipeline and the hydraulic pipe to pass through are respectively arranged in the first trench;
the control room is arranged on one side of the anechoic chamber in parallel;
a second trench having the same shape and inner structure as the first trench, penetrating the control room and being butted against the first trench;
the input end of the spectrum analyzer is connected to the output end of the radio frequency amplifier or the attenuator through a third radio frequency cable, and the input end of the radio frequency amplifier or the attenuator penetrates through the second trench through a second radio frequency cable to be connected with the first radio frequency cable;
and the control computer is arranged in the control room and is connected with the output end of the spectrum analyzer through a control cable.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and the monitoring devices are fixedly arranged on the four side walls of the anechoic chamber.
Optionally, the monitoring device is arranged 5m to 10m from the ground.
Optionally, wave-absorbing materials are coated on six sides of the anechoic chamber.
Optionally, the first trench is coated with a protective coating on the surface, and the internal frame is provided with a double-layer steel frame structure.
Optionally, the first trench is 2m to 2.3m high and 1.5m to 1.8m wide.
A test method of an airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system comprises the following steps:
under the condition that a test airplane is not electrified, connecting an input end of a spectrum analyzer to a radio frequency amplifier, and presetting the resolution bandwidth, the scanning time, the scanning frequency range of each screen and the holding state of the spectrum analyzer;
secondly, scanning by the spectrum analyzer, acquiring test data of the spectrum analyzer by using a control computer after each screen of scanning is finished, and repeatedly acquiring until all the working frequency bands of the ultra-short wave radio station are tested;
step three, controlling the test airplane to be electrified under the setting condition of the spectrum analyzer in the step one, and testing different airborne systems or equipment on the test airplane in the required working states of the different airborne systems or equipment;
and step four, comparing the difference values of the test data obtained in the step two and the test data obtained in the step three, and selecting the corresponding frequency points with the difference values larger than the preset amplitude as the checking frequency of the airborne ultrashort wave radio station.
Optionally, in the third step, the different onboard systems or devices are divided into radio frequency transmitting devices and non-radio frequency transmitting devices;
before the test in the third step, the method further comprises the following steps:
judging whether the different airborne systems are radio frequency transmitting equipment or not; if yes, connecting the input end of the spectrum analyzer to a radio frequency amplifier; if not, connecting the input end of the spectrum analyzer to an attenuator;
before the difference comparison in the fourth step, the method further comprises:
when the different onboard systems are radio frequency transmitting devices, the coefficients of the attenuator and the coefficients of the radio frequency amplifier are simultaneously calculated.
Optionally, in the fourth step, the predetermined amplitude is 2 dB.
The invention has the following effects: the airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system can scientifically, comprehensively and pertinently find out frequency points with potential interference hazards, and can be applied to electromagnetic compatibility mutual interference check, so that the electromagnetic interference problem of an aircraft ultrashort wave radio station can be fully exposed in the engineering development stage, and the problem of interference of the ultrashort wave radio station can be solved in time before the aircraft is delivered for use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic compatibility testing system of an airborne ultrashort wave radio station of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a test layout diagram of the electromagnetic compatibility test system of the airborne ultrashort wave radio station of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a testing method of the electromagnetic compatibility testing system of the airborne ultrashort wave radio station of the invention;
the system comprises an anechoic chamber 1, a test airplane 2, an attenuator 3, a spectrum analyzer 4, a control computer 5, a radio frequency amplifier 6, a hydraulic pipe 7, a control room 8, a control cable 9, a first radio frequency cable 10a, a second radio frequency cable 10b, a third radio frequency cable 10c, a fourth radio frequency cable 10d, a fifth radio frequency cable 10e, a first trench 11a, a second trench 11b, an ultrashort wave radio station 15, a radio frequency interface 16, a load 17, an ultrashort wave antenna 18, a monitoring device 24, a wave absorbing material 25 and a ventilation pipe 26.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The electromagnetic compatibility testing system and the testing method of the airborne ultrashort wave radio station are further described in detail with reference to the attached drawings 1 to 3.
The invention provides an airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system, which can comprise: anechoic chamber 1, test plane 2, hydraulic tube 7, control room 8, spectrum analyzer 4, control computer 5, etc.
Specifically, test aircraft 2 places in the dark room of electric wave 1 spacious department, and the equipment compartment of test aircraft 2 is provided with ultrashort wave radio station 15, and the radio frequency interface end 16 of ultrashort wave radio station 15 passes through fourth radio frequency cable 10d and connects load 17, and load 17's effect does: when the ultrashort wave radio station 15 transmits energy, the energy can be absorbed by the load 17 to prevent burning out of the ultrashort wave radio station 15. In addition; the fifth radio frequency cable 10e is located in an equipment cabin of the test airplane 2, one end of the fifth radio frequency cable 10e is connected to the ultrashort wave radio station 15, the other end of the fifth radio frequency cable 10e is connected to the ultrashort wave antenna 18 of the test airplane 2, and in addition, one end, connected to the ultrashort wave radio station 15, of the fifth radio frequency cable 10e is also connected with the first radio frequency cable 10 a; the ventilation pipeline 26 and the hydraulic pipe 7 are both connected to the test aircraft 2; in the embodiment, wave-absorbing materials 25 are laid on six sides of the anechoic chamber 1, monitoring devices 24 are installed on the wave-absorbing materials 25 on the four walls in the anechoic chamber 1, and the monitoring devices 24 are dispersedly installed at positions 5 m-10 m away from the ground, so that the test condition in the anechoic chamber 1 can be monitored at all angles.
A first trench 11a penetrates through the anechoic chamber 1, the first trench 11a is used for communicating the anechoic chamber 1 with the outside, and pipelines for the first radio frequency cable 10a, the ventilation pipeline 26 and the hydraulic pipe 7 to penetrate are respectively arranged in the first trench 11 a. In this embodiment, the first trench 11a is an underground cable laying maintenance path with a steel double-layer structure coated with a protective coating on the surface, the height is 2m to 2.3m, the width is 1.5m to 1.8m, the length spans the length of a darkroom and extends to the control room 8, the first trench 11a contains openings capable of passing through the first radio frequency cable 10a, the hydraulic pipe 7 and the ventilation pipeline 26, and the test aircraft 2 is connected with an interface in the first trench 11a through the first radio frequency cable 10a, the ventilation pipeline 26 and the hydraulic pipe 7.
The control room 8 is adjacent to the anechoic chamber 1, and the second trench 11b has the same shape and internal structure as the first trench 11a, penetrates through the control room 8 and is butted with the first trench 11 a; the spectrum analyzer 4 is arranged in the control room 8, the input end of the spectrum analyzer 4 is connected to the output end of the radio frequency amplifier 6 or the attenuator 3 through a third radio frequency cable 10c, and the input end of the radio frequency amplifier 6 or the attenuator 3 is connected with a first radio frequency cable 10a penetrating through a first trench 11a in the anechoic chamber 1 through a second radio frequency cable 10b and penetrating through a second trench 11 b; the control computer 5 is arranged in a control room 8 and is connected with the output end of the spectrum analyzer 4 through a control cable 9.
The invention provides a test method of an airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system, which comprises the following steps:
step one, under the condition that the test airplane 2 is not electrified, connecting an input end of the spectrum analyzer 4 to the radio frequency amplifier 6, and presetting the resolution bandwidth, the scanning time, the scanning frequency range of each screen and the holding state of the spectrum analyzer 4, wherein the presetting is specifically as follows:
a. the resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer 4 is set according to the same receiver resolution bandwidth as that of the ultra-short wave radio station 15 which works in a conventional modulation mode;
b. the scanning time setting of the spectrum analyzer 4 is properly adjusted according to the setting of the resolution bandwidth, and the scanning time is required to be shortened as much as possible under the condition that the test data is accurate;
c. the scanning frequency range of each screen of spectrum analyzer 4 is according to 15 operating frequency channels of ultrashort wave radio station and wave channel interval bandwidth characteristic under the conventional modulation mode, combines spectrum analyzer 4's sampling characteristic, and the scanning frequency range of setting each screen of spectrum analyzer 4 does: the conventional mode of the ultra-short wave radio station reports bandwidth multiplied by (the number of sampling points of each screen of a frequency spectrum is-1), the initial frequency of each screen of scanning starts from the working initial frequency of the ultra-short wave radio station 15, and the initial frequency of each screen of scanning is the final frequency of the on-screen scanning;
d. to ensure that intermittent interference signals are collected, the spectrum analyzer 4 is set to a maximum hold state during each scan test, and the duration of the maximum hold state is at least 10 s.
Secondly, scanning the spectrum analyzer 4, acquiring test data of the spectrum analyzer 4 by using the control computer 5 after each screen of scanning is finished, and repeatedly acquiring until all the working frequency ranges of the ultra-short wave radio station 15 are tested;
step three, controlling the test airplane 2 to be electrified under the setting condition of the spectrum analyzer 4 in the step one, and testing different airborne systems (or equipment) on the test airplane 2 in the working states required by the different airborne systems (or equipment);
the different airborne systems are divided into radio frequency transmitting equipment and non-radio frequency transmitting equipment; before the test in the third step, the method further comprises the following steps: judging whether the different airborne systems are radio frequency transmitting equipment or not; if yes, connecting the input end of the spectrum analyzer 4 to the radio frequency amplifier 6; if not, connecting the input end of the spectrum analyzer 4 to the attenuator 3; the spectrum analyzer 4 is prevented from being burned out due to an excessively large received signal.
Step four, comparing the difference values of the test data obtained in the step two and the test data obtained in the step three, and selecting the corresponding frequency points with the difference values larger than the preset amplitude as the checking frequency of the airborne ultrashort wave radio station 15;
specifically, as compared with the test when the test airplane 2 is not operated, the test when different onboard systems or equipment are operated by the test airplane 2 is only different in equipment connected with the front end of the spectrum analyzer 4, so that the data processing needs to be unified, if the front end of the spectrum analyzer 4 is connected with the radio frequency amplifier 6, the data does not need to be processed, if the front end of the spectrum analyzer 4 is connected with the attenuator 3, the coefficient of the attenuator 3 and the coefficient of the radio frequency amplifier 6 need to be simultaneously calculated, and the data can have direct comparability.
In this embodiment, the difference between the data tested when different airborne systems or devices are in operation and the data tested when the test aircraft 2 is not in operation is compared, and the corresponding frequency point with the difference larger than 2dB is selected as the ultrashort wave radio station check frequency for the system or device in the electromagnetic compatibility mutual interference check test.
The airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system can scientifically, comprehensively and pertinently find out frequency points with potential interference hazards, and can be applied to electromagnetic compatibility mutual interference check, so that the electromagnetic interference problem of an aircraft ultrashort wave radio station can be fully exposed in the engineering development stage, and the problem of interference of the ultrashort wave radio station can be solved in time before the aircraft is delivered for use.
The test method of the airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system fully considers the working characteristics of the ultrashort wave radio station 15, comprehensively examines all working channels of the ultrashort wave radio station, and is more comprehensive in test; setting test parameters according to the working characteristics of the test equipment, wherein the test data is closer to the real receiving data of the ultrashort wave radio station; the frequency selection method is more targeted, and can discover the interference phenomenon of the ultra-short wave to the maximum extent; the real airplane and the installed antenna are adopted, so that the test result is more accurate; the test is finished in an anechoic chamber, so that the influence of external electromagnetic signals can be effectively isolated; the test equipment is arranged in the control room and is physically isolated from the test environment of the airplane, so that the influence of the test equipment on the test result is reduced.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A test method of an airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system is characterized in that the airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system comprises:
an anechoic chamber (1);
the test aircraft (2) is arranged in the anechoic chamber (1), an ultrashort wave radio station (15) is arranged in an equipment cabin of the test aircraft (2), and a radio frequency interface end (16) of the ultrashort wave radio station (15) is connected with a load (17) through a fourth radio frequency cable (10 d);
a fifth radio frequency cable (10 e) located in the equipment compartment of the test aircraft (2), one end of the fifth radio frequency cable (10 e) being connected to the ultrashort wave radio station (15), the other end being connected to an ultrashort wave antenna (18) of the test aircraft (2), and in addition, one end of the fifth radio frequency cable (10 e) connected to the ultrashort wave radio station (15) being further connected to a first radio frequency cable (10 a);
a ventilation line (26) connected to the test aircraft (2);
a hydraulic pipe (7) connected to the test aircraft (2);
the first trench (11 a) penetrates through the anechoic chamber (1) and is used for enabling the anechoic chamber (1) to be communicated with the outside, and pipelines for the first radio frequency cable (10 a), the ventilation pipeline (26) and the hydraulic pipe (7) to penetrate through are respectively arranged in the first trench (11 a);
a control room (8) which is arranged in parallel at one side of the anechoic chamber (1);
a second trench (11 b) having the same shape and inner structure as the first trench (11 a), penetrating the control room (8) and abutting the first trench (11 a);
a spectrum analyzer (4) arranged in the control room (8), wherein the input end of the spectrum analyzer (4) is connected to the output end of the radio frequency amplifier (6) or the attenuator (3) through a third radio frequency cable (10 c), and the input end of the radio frequency amplifier (6) or the attenuator (3) is connected with the first radio frequency cable (10 a) through a second radio frequency cable (10 b) and through the second trench (11 b);
the control computer (5) is arranged in the control room (8) and is connected with the output end of the spectrum analyzer (4) through a control cable (9);
further comprising:
the monitoring devices (24) are fixedly arranged on four side walls of the anechoic chamber (1);
the monitoring equipment (24) is arranged at a position 5-10 m away from the ground;
wave-absorbing materials (25) are laid on six sides of the anechoic chamber (1);
the first trench (11 a) is coated with a protective coating on the surface and is provided with a double-layer steel frame structure for an internal frame;
the height of the first trench (11 a) is 2 m-2.3 m, and the width is 1.5 m-1.8 m;
the test method of the airborne ultrashort wave radio station electromagnetic compatibility test system comprises the following steps:
under the condition that the test airplane (2) is not electrified, connecting an input end of a spectrum analyzer (4) to a radio frequency amplifier (6), and presetting the resolution bandwidth, the scanning time, the scanning frequency range of each screen and the holding state of the spectrum analyzer (4);
secondly, scanning the spectrum analyzer (4), collecting test data of the spectrum analyzer (4) by using the control computer (5) after each screen of scanning is finished, and repeatedly collecting until all the working frequency bands of the ultra-short wave radio station (15) are tested;
step three, controlling the test airplane (2) to be electrified under the setting condition of the spectrum analyzer (4) in the step one, and testing different airborne systems or equipment on the test airplane (2) in the step two under the working states required by the different airborne systems or equipment;
and step four, comparing the difference values of the test data obtained in the step two and the test data obtained in the step three, and selecting the corresponding frequency points with the difference values larger than the preset amplitude as the checking frequency of the airborne ultrashort wave radio station (15).
2. The method for testing the electromagnetic compatibility test system of the airborne ultrashort wave radio station as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the different airborne systems or devices are divided into radio frequency transmitting devices and non-radio frequency transmitting devices;
before the test in the third step, the method further comprises the following steps:
judging whether the different airborne systems or equipment are radio frequency transmitting equipment or not; if yes, connecting the input end of the spectrum analyzer (4) to a radio frequency amplifier (6); if not, connecting the input end of the spectrum analyzer (4) to the attenuator (3);
before the difference comparison in the fourth step, the method further comprises:
when the different onboard systems or devices are not radio frequency transmitting devices, the coefficients of the attenuator (3) and of the radio frequency amplifier (6) are simultaneously counted.
3. The method for testing the electromagnetic compatibility testing system of the airborne ultrashort wave radio station as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the predetermined amplitude is 2 dB.
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| CN109541328A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-03-29 | 深圳市巴伦技术股份有限公司 | Low noise amplifier and electromagnetic compatibility test device |
| CN113777980B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2022-06-03 | 成都摩尔环宇测试技术有限公司 | Simulation test device and external equipment for airplane cabin command control system |
| CN114924132A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-08-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Unmanned aerial vehicle electromagnetic compatibility measuring device and method thereof |
| CN116609599B (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2024-04-05 | 深圳市通测检测技术有限公司 | Electromagnetic compatibility test device |
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|---|---|
| CN109030959A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
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