CN109029781A - The non-intrusion type winding temperature measurement method of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation - Google Patents
The non-intrusion type winding temperature measurement method of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109029781A CN109029781A CN201810633444.7A CN201810633444A CN109029781A CN 109029781 A CN109029781 A CN 109029781A CN 201810633444 A CN201810633444 A CN 201810633444A CN 109029781 A CN109029781 A CN 109029781A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/18—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of non-intrusion type winding temperature measurement methods of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation, forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller is linked together with oil surface temperature meter, current transformer, environment temperature meter, air-cooled controller, oil pump controller and acquires corresponding data, while input transformer structural parameters, winding type, parameters of structural dimension in real time；Establish the equation of heat balance between the air-cooled laminar winding transformer winding of forced oil-circulation and transformer oil；Calculate the winding temperature of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation.The characteristics of present invention is for forced oil-circulation air-cooled laminar winding transformer, comprehensively consider transformer surface layer oil temperature, winding current, the type of cooling and forced oil-circulated air-cooled cooler operating condition, so that it is more accurate to the measurement of winding temperature under all kinds of operating conditions of transformer, be conducive to transformer operation maintenance personnel and grasp running state of transformer in time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to transformer technology field, especially a kind of air-cooled the non-of laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation is invaded
Enter formula winding temperature measurement method.
Background technique
Transformer station high-voltage side bus temperature is transformation for judging that running state of transformer and insulation ag(e)ing degree play a significant role
An index for needing to pay close attention in device O&M.Since the air-cooled laminar winding transformer winding of forced oil-circulation is wrapped in oilpaper
In insulation system, temperature is difficult to measure by common thermometer.Currently, there are two types of common temperature of transformer winding devices,
One is in temperature measuring equipments such as transformer built-in fiber gratings, directly measurement winding spot temperature, such mode is measured accurately, but
Structure is complicated, influences insulation, the sealing performance of transformer；Another kind is to measure winding temperature indirectly by the method for " thermal simulation "
Degree, by measuring transformer surface layer oil temperature and winding current, calculates winding spot temperature, such method is easily achieved, still
Due to only accounting for the influence of winding current, measurement error is larger.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of designs rationally, precision is high and easy to use
The air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation non-intrusion type winding temperature measurement method.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:
A kind of non-intrusion type winding temperature measurement method of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, by forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller with to be mounted on forced oil-circulation air-cooled
Oil surface temperature meter, current transformer, environment temperature meter, air-cooled controller, oil pump controller connection on laminar winding transformer
Corresponding data, while input transformer structural parameters, winding type, parameters of structural dimension are acquired together and in real time；
Step 2 establishes equation of heat balance between the air-cooled laminar winding transformer winding of forced oil-circulation and transformer oil；
Step 3, the winding temperature that the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation is calculated using following formula:
θw=θO+Δθα+Δθβ
In formula, θwIndicate winding temperature, θOIndicate surface layer oil temperature, Δ θαIndicate average temperature rising of the winding to internal layer oil, Δ θβ
Indicate internal layer oil to the average temperature rising of surface layer oil；Wherein:
The Δ θαCalculation method are as follows:
Δθα=Δ θa+Δθb+Δθc
In formula, Δ θaIndicate average temperature rising estimated value of the winding to internal layer oil, Δ θbIndicate winding insulation to internal layer oil temperature liter
Corrected value, Δ θcIndicate number of plies corrected value；
The Δ θaCalculation method are as follows:
When having interlayer longitudinal direction oil duct, Δ θa=0.065q0.8,
When without interlayer longitudinal direction oil duct, Δ θa=0.078q0.8
In formula, q indicates winding unit area thermic load；
The Δ θbCalculation method are as follows:
Δθb=K1q(n1-n2)
K1For coefficient related with insulation thickness；
The Δ θcCalculation method are as follows:
Δθc=0.002 (n1-2n3)qδ′
n3It is total for winding radiating surface,
The Δ θβCalculation method are as follows:
Δθβ=0.183p0.8+(θA-θO)0.85
P is the unit area thermic load of the effective heat dissipation area of oil tank of transformer, θ in formulaAFor outside air temperature
In formula, P0And PkRespectively transformer noload losses and load loss, S1、S2And S3Respectively fuel tank top cover effectively dissipates
The effective heat dissipation area of heat area, tank wall and the effective heat dissipation area of cooler；
K6For coefficient relevant to cooler blower, oil-immersed pump operating condition, its calculation formula is:
N is blower sum, n in formula1Currently to operate blower number, m is oil-immersed pump sum, m1Currently to operate oil-immersed pump number.
Further include following steps after the step 3: forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller according to
Winding temperature is locally displayed by gauge outfit, or is remotely shown by long-range displaying device by the calculated result of step 3
Show.
The forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller includes bis- piezoelectric signal processor, CT electricity
Flow transmitter, winding temperature calculate module and winding temperature control module, the input terminal and pasta temperature of the piezoelectric signal processor
Outside reception that degree is counted and environment temperature meter is connected environment thermometer from transformer top-oil temperature and in terminal box
Boundary's temperature, the CT secondary current transmitter are connected with current transformer and receive the winding electricity from bushing shell for transformer
Stream；The output end connection winding temperature calculating module of the piezoelectric signal processor, CT secondary current transmitter, the winding temperature
Computing module is also connected with the fan operation data and latent oil that air-cooled controller and oil pump controller receive air-cooled controller respectively
Pump operation situation, winding temperature calculate module also receiving transformer structural parameters, winding type, parameters of structural dimension and carry out winding
Temperature computation；The output end that the winding temperature calculates module is connected with winding temperature control module, winding temperature control
Module is connected with gauge outfit, long-range displaying device and protection equipment for transformer, by gauge outfit and long-range displaying device on the spot and
A distant place shows winding temperature, while issuing different letters to protection equipment for transformer when winding temperature reaches different stage warning value
Number.
The equation of heat balance that the step 2 is established are as follows:
m1c1Δθ1+(Δθ1-Δθ2)A1k1Dt=P1dt
m2c2Δθ2+Δθ2A2k2Dt=(Δ θ1-Δθ2)A1k1dt
In above formula, subscript 1 and 2 respectively indicates winding and transformer oil, and m indicates weight, and c indicates specific heat capacity, and k indicates total and passes
Hot coefficient, Δ θ indicate temperature rise, and dt indicates that the differential of time, A indicate convective surface area, and P indicates loss power.
The calculation method of the winding unit area thermic load q are as follows:
Wherein, PkFor transformer load loss, S is effective heat dissipation area of winding
In formula, m is winding stay quantity, and t is winding stay width, R1、R2、R3、R4And H1It is laminar around packet size；
The COEFFICIENT K related with insulation thickness1Are as follows:
n1For the total number of plies of laminar winding, n2For winding oil duct number.
Advantages of the present invention and effect:
The characteristics of present invention is for forced oil-circulation air-cooled laminar winding transformer, in existing measuring transformer surface layer oil
Temperature, on the basis of winding current, it is also contemplated that transformer device structure form, laminar winding construction and size, the type of cooling and strong oil
Circulating air cooling cooler operating condition establishes new winding temperature and calculates method, so as to winding under all kinds of operating conditions of transformer
The measurement of temperature is more accurate, and all kinds of overtemperature alarms and trip signal issued based on winding temperature are reliable much sooner, favorably
Running state of transformer is grasped in time in transformer operation maintenance personnel, is also established for the accurate assessment assessment of Transformer Insulation Aging
Basis.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the temperature of transformer winding systematic schematic diagram that the present invention uses；
Fig. 2 is the electric control schematic diagram of forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller；
Fig. 3 is the winding schematic diagram of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with attached drawing:
A kind of non-intrusion type winding temperature measurement method of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation, is as shown in Figure 1
Winding temperature measurement system on realize, power transformer enclosure 3 is installed on the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation, is become
Depressor casing 1, terminal box 10, cooler control cabinet 9, cooler 6, fan 7, oil-immersed pump 8, thermometer lubricating cup 5.The terminal box
It is mounted on transformer side wall with cooler control cabinet, forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding is installed in terminal box
Temperature detecting controller and environment temperature meter, are equipped with gauge outfit 11 on terminal box surface, are equipped in cooler control cabinet air-cooled
Controller and oil pump controller, air-cooled controller and oil pump controller control fan and oil-immersed pump respectively and cool down to cooler.Institute
It states thermometer lubricating cup and is mounted at head cover of transformer and is equipped with inside it oil surface temperature meter 4, be equipped on bushing shell for transformer
Current transformer 2.Forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller is the core of winding temperature measurement system, should
Forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller and current transformer, oil surface temperature meter, air-cooled controller, oil pump
Controller, gauge outfit, long-range displaying device 12 are connected, and wherein for gauge outfit for being locally displayed, long-range displaying device is installed on power transformation
Master control room of standing is integrated in background monitoring device for remotely showing.
As shown in Fig. 2, forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller includes piezoelectric signal processor, CT
Secondary current transmitter, winding temperature calculate module, winding temperature control module, the input terminal and oil of the piezoelectric signal processor
Surface thermometer and environment temperature meter are connected reception from the transformer top-oil temperature of oil surface temperature meter and from terminal box
The outside air temperature of interior environment thermometer, the CT secondary current transmitter are connected with current transformer and receive from transformation
The winding current of device casing；The output end connection winding temperature calculating of the piezoelectric signal processor, CT secondary current transmitter
Module, the winding temperature calculate module and are also connected with the fan fortune that air-cooled controller and oil pump controller receive air-cooled controller respectively
Line number is accordingly and oil-immersed pump operating condition, winding temperature calculate module also receiving transformer structural parameters, winding type, structure ruler
The parameters such as very little carry out winding temperature calculating.The output end that the winding temperature calculates module is connected with winding temperature control module
It connects, which is connected with gauge outfit, long-range displaying device and protection equipment for transformer, by gauge outfit and remotely
Display device is showing winding temperature with a distant place on the spot, while protecting when winding temperature reaches different stage warning value to transformer
Protection unit issues unlike signal.
The oil surface temperature meter signal acquisition and only one way in which, connection type are applicable in for display on the spot that Fig. 2 is provided
Capillary form is used in oil surface temperature meter thermometer bulb, display gauge head is using digital display mode on the spot.Its other party can also be used
Formula
(1) oil surface temperature meter thermometer bulb uses platinum resistance form, and display gauge head uses digital display mode on the spot, at this time pasta
Thermometer and forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller are direct-connected, need not move through piezo-electric pick-up；
(2) oil surface temperature meter thermometer bulb uses capillary form, and display gauge head uses mechanical indicator mode on the spot, at this time pasta
Thermometer separates two paths of signals, enters forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature observing and controlling through piezo-electric pick-up all the way
Device, connects gauge outfit all the way, and gauge outfit no longer receives forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller output signal.
Based on above-mentioned winding temperature measurement system, temp measuring method of the invention the following steps are included:
Step 1, by forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller with to be mounted on forced oil-circulation air-cooled
Oil surface temperature meter, current transformer, environment temperature meter, air-cooled controller, oil pump controller connection on laminar winding transformer
Corresponding data, while input transformer structural parameters, winding type, parameters of structural dimension are acquired together and in real time.
Step 2 establishes equation of heat balance between the air-cooled laminar winding transformer winding of forced oil-circulation and transformer oil.
Since the temperature rise and heat dissipation of transformer are a dynamic stabilization systems, which includes winding, iron core and transformer
Oily other insulating materials, transformer case and the outside air such as three kinds of main matters and cardboard.In the system, iron core and winding
It is heat source, is made of respectively transformer noload losses and load loss.There is insulation between iron core and winding, ignores him here
Between heat exchange, only consider winding-transformer oil heat circulating system.Outside winding hottest point and winding, pass through heat
Conduction heat transfer；Between winding and transformer oil, pass through convective heat transfer；Between internal layer oil and surface layer oil, pass through convective heat transfer.
Equation of heat balance between winding and transformer oil are as follows:
m1c1Δθ1+(Δθ1-Δθ2)A1k1Dt=P1dt
m2c2Δθ2+Δθ2A2k2Dt=(Δ θ1-Δθ2)A1k1dt
In above-mentioned equation of heat balance, subscript 1 and 2 respectively indicates winding and transformer oil.M indicates weight, and c indicates specific heat
Hold, k indicates overall heat-transfer coefficient, and Δ θ indicates temperature rise, and dt indicates that the differential of time, A indicate convective surface area, and P indicates loss function
Rate.
In laminar winding transformer, existing vertical oil duct, and have horizontal oil duct, therefore the stream of heat transfer coefficient k and oil stream
Emotionally condition is related, i.e., with oil duct height (width), the radial size of winding, unit area thermic load, heat-removal modalities and outside air temperature
It is related；Loss power P is therefore related with winding current based on copper loss.
Step 3, the winding temperature that the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation is calculated using following formula:
θw=θO+Δθα+Δθβ
In formula, θwIndicate winding temperature, θOIndicate surface layer oil temperature, Δ θαIndicate average temperature rising of the winding to internal layer oil, Δ θβ
Indicate internal layer oil to the average temperature rising of surface layer oil.
(1) average temperature rising Δ θ of the winding to internal layer oilαCalculation method are as follows:
Δθα=Δ θa+Δθb+Δθc
In formula, Δ θaIndicate average temperature rising estimated value of the winding to internal layer oil, Δ θbIndicate winding insulation to internal layer oil temperature liter
Corrected value, Δ θcIndicate the number of plies (oil duct) corrected value.
①ΔθaCalculating
For forced oil-circulation laminar winding transformer,
When having interlayer longitudinal direction oil duct, Δ θa=0.065q0.8,
When without interlayer longitudinal direction oil duct, Δ θa=0.078q0.8
Q indicates winding unit area thermic load in formula, is calculated as follows:
Wherein PkFor transformer load loss, S is effective heat dissipation area of winding
In formula, m is winding stay quantity, and t is winding stay width, R1、R2、R3、R4And H1It is laminar around packet size, such as schemes
Shown in 3, in figure, 1 is transformer core, and 2 be interior winding 3 be outer winding.
②ΔθbCalculating
Δθb=K1q(n1-n2)
K1For coefficient related with insulation thickness
n1For the total number of plies of laminar winding, n2For winding oil duct number
③ΔθcCalculating
Δθc=0.002 (n1-2n3)qδ′
n3It is total for winding radiating surface,
(2) average temperature rising Δ θ of the internal layer oil to surface layer oilβIt calculates
For forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer
Δθβ=0.183p0.8+(θA-θO)0.85
P is the unit area thermic load of the effective heat dissipation area of oil tank of transformer, θ in formulaAFor outside air temperature
P in formula0And PkRespectively transformer noload losses and load loss, S1、S2And S3Respectively fuel tank top cover effectively dissipates
The effective heat dissipation area of heat area, tank wall and the effective heat dissipation area of cooler
K6For coefficient relevant to cooler blower, oil-immersed pump operating condition,
N is blower sum, n in formula1Currently to operate blower number, m is oil-immersed pump sum, m1Currently to operate oil-immersed pump number
Step 4, forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller lead to winding temperature according to calculated result
It crosses gauge outfit to be locally displayed, or is remotely shown by long-range displaying device.
It is emphasized that embodiment of the present invention be it is illustrative, without being restrictive, therefore the present invention is simultaneously
It is not limited to embodiment described in specific embodiment, it is all to be obtained according to the technique and scheme of the present invention by those skilled in the art
Other embodiments, also belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of non-intrusion type winding temperature measurement method of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step:
Step 1 forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller and will be mounted on the air-cooled laminar of forced oil-circulation
Oil surface temperature meter, current transformer, environment temperature meter, air-cooled controller, oil pump controller on winding transformer are connected to one
It rises and acquires corresponding data, while input transformer structural parameters, winding type, parameters of structural dimension in real time；
Step 2 establishes equation of heat balance between the air-cooled laminar winding transformer winding of forced oil-circulation and transformer oil；
Step 3, the winding temperature that the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation is calculated using following formula:
θw=θO+Δθα+Δθβ
In formula, θwIndicate winding temperature, θOIndicate surface layer oil temperature, Δ θαIndicate average temperature rising of the winding to internal layer oil, Δ θβIt indicates
Average temperature rising of the internal layer oil to surface layer oil；Wherein:
The Δ θαCalculation method are as follows:
Δθα=Δ θa+Δθb+Δθc
In formula, Δ θaIndicate average temperature rising estimated value of the winding to internal layer oil, Δ θbIndicate the school that winding insulation rises internal layer oil temperature
Positive value, Δ θcIndicate number of plies corrected value；
The Δ θaCalculation method are as follows:
When having interlayer longitudinal direction oil duct, Δ θa=0.065q0.8,
When without interlayer longitudinal direction oil duct, Δ θa=0.078q0.8
In formula, q indicates winding unit area thermic load；
The Δ θbCalculation method are as follows:
Δθb=K1q(n1-n2)
K1For coefficient related with insulation thickness；
The Δ θcCalculation method are as follows:
Δθc=0.002 (n1-2n3)qδ′
n3It is total for winding radiating surface,
The Δ θβCalculation method are as follows:
Δθβ=0.183p0.8+(θA-θO)0.85
P is the unit area thermic load of the effective heat dissipation area of oil tank of transformer, θ in formulaAFor outside air temperature
In formula, P0And PkRespectively transformer noload losses and load loss, S1、S2And S3The respectively effective radiating surface of fuel tank top cover
Product, the effective heat dissipation area of tank wall and the effective heat dissipation area of cooler；
K6For coefficient relevant to cooler blower, oil-immersed pump operating condition, its calculation formula is:
N is blower sum, n in formula1Currently to operate blower number, m is oil-immersed pump sum, m1Currently to operate oil-immersed pump number.
2. the non-intrusion type winding temperature measurement method of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: further including following steps after the step 3: forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller root
According to the calculated result of step 3, winding temperature is locally displayed by gauge outfit, or is carried out remotely by long-range displaying device
Display.
3. the non-intrusion type winding temperature measurement side of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation according to claim 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that: the forced oil-circulation air-cooled transformer laminar winding temperature controller includes piezoelectric signal processor, CT
Secondary current transmitter, winding temperature calculate module and winding temperature control module, the input terminal of the piezoelectric signal processor with
Oil surface temperature meter and environment temperature meter are connected reception from transformer top-oil temperature and the environment temperature in terminal box
The outside air temperature of meter, the CT secondary current transmitter be connected with current transformer and receive from bushing shell for transformer around
Group electric current；The output end connection winding temperature calculating module of the piezoelectric signal processor, CT secondary current transmitter, the winding
Temperature computation module be also connected with air-cooled controller and oil pump controller receive respectively air-cooled controller fan operation data and
Oil-immersed pump operating condition, winding temperature calculate module also receiving transformer structural parameters, winding type, parameters of structural dimension and carry out
Winding temperature calculates；The output end that the winding temperature calculates module is connected with winding temperature control module, the winding temperature
Control module is connected with gauge outfit, long-range displaying device and protection equipment for transformer, by gauge outfit and long-range displaying device just
Ground and a distant place show winding temperature, while issuing not when winding temperature reaches different stage warning value to protection equipment for transformer
Same signal.
4. the non-intrusion type winding temperature measurement side of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation according to claim 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that: the equation of heat balance that the step 2 is established are as follows:
m1c1Δθ1+(Δθ1-Δθ2)A1k1Dt=P1dt
m2c2Δθ2+Δθ2A2k2Dt=(Δ θ1-Δθ2)A1k1dt
In above formula, subscript 1 and 2 respectively indicates winding and transformer oil, and m indicates weight, and c indicates specific heat capacity, and k indicates total heat transfer system
Number, Δ θ indicate temperature rise, and dt indicates that the differential of time, A indicate convective surface area, and P indicates loss power.
5. the non-intrusion type winding temperature measurement side of the air-cooled laminar winding transformer of forced oil-circulation according to claim 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that: the calculation method of the winding unit area thermic load q are as follows:
Wherein, PkFor transformer load loss, S is effective heat dissipation area of winding
In formula, m is winding stay quantity, and t is winding stay width, R1、R2、R3、R4And H1It is laminar around packet size；
The COEFFICIENT K related with insulation thickness1Are as follows:
n1For the total number of plies of laminar winding, n2For winding oil duct number.
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