CN109029382B - Bolt looseness-prevention early warning monitoring device - Google Patents
Bolt looseness-prevention early warning monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109029382B CN109029382B CN201810949242.3A CN201810949242A CN109029382B CN 109029382 B CN109029382 B CN 109029382B CN 201810949242 A CN201810949242 A CN 201810949242A CN 109029382 B CN109029382 B CN 109029382B
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- bolt
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- sticker
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/04—Interpretation of pictures
- G01C11/06—Interpretation of pictures by comparison of two or more pictures of the same area
- G01C11/12—Interpretation of pictures by comparison of two or more pictures of the same area the pictures being supported in the same relative position as when they were taken
Abstract
The invention relates to a bolt anti-loosening early warning monitoring device, which comprises a sticker attached to the end face of one end of a bolt to be detected, which is provided with a thread, and a photographic communication assembly for detecting the information, displacement and rotation angle of the sticker, wherein the photographic communication assembly comprises an upper shell and a lower shell which are mutually connected, the lower shell is buckled on the bolt to be detected, a micro lens and a light supplementing lamp which are arranged opposite to the sticker are arranged on the lower shell, the upper shell is provided with a processing chip, a signal antenna and a wireless communication module, and the processing chip is respectively connected with the signal antenna, the wireless communication module, the micro lens and the light supplementing lamp. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of simple installation, firmness, reliability, high stability, high accuracy, high timeliness, high economy and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bolt looseness detection, in particular to a bolt looseness prevention early warning and monitoring device.
Background
The problem of loosening of high-strength bolts under the action of amplitude-variable tension in engineering is frequent. For example, high-strength bolts of large wind power towers require manual detection at a sampling rate of 100% every 3-6 months.
The loosening of the high-strength bolts can cause the increase of stress amplitude of the bolts and the bolts around the bolts, thereby forming a vicious circle with greatly shortened fatigue life and finally causing major engineering accidents. Meanwhile, the loosening of the bolts can repeatedly squeeze the slotting of the flange, so that the corrosion-resistant coating is damaged to cause corrosion of the flange, and the structure is damaged, so that the dynamic monitoring of the loosening of the high-strength bolts has become an important problem in the engineering world.
At present, the engineering community discloses a high-strength bolt monitoring method based on an image processing technology, and Chinese patent CN201110030989 discloses a bolt loosening monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof for a nuclear main pump. Because the shooting is carried out in a long distance, the bracket of the method is complex to install, the imaging has high requirements on light filling, and meanwhile, the method has high stability and no shielding requirements on the layout field environment of imaging equipment, has high application cost and is difficult to apply in a large range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a bolt anti-loosening early warning and monitoring device.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a locking early warning monitoring devices of bolt, the device is including pasting the sticker of establishing on waiting to detect the bolt and having screw thread one end terminal surface and having photogrammetry mark and be used for detecting sticker information, displacement and the photographic communication subassembly of corner, photographic communication subassembly include interconnect's last casing and lower casing, lower casing detain and establish on waiting to detect the bolt, be equipped with on it with the sticker just to the micro lens and the light filling lamp that set up, last casing be equipped with processing chip, signal antenna and wireless communication module, processing chip be connected with signal antenna, wireless communication module, micro lens and light filling lamp respectively.
The signal antenna is arranged at the top of the upper casing, and the top of the upper casing is also provided with a switch button and a power interface.
The lower casing in set up nut cavity and the detection cavity of intercommunication each other, nut cavity external diameter the same with the nut external diameter of waiting to detect the bolt, micro-lens and light filling lamp all set up at the detection cavity top.
The outer edge of the lower casing is provided with a quick-release rod for clamping.
The upper shell and the lower shell are engineering plastics or aluminum alloy shells.
The photogrammetry mark is a concentric ring type sector one-dimensional code mark and comprises a concentric circle positioning mark point arranged at the center and code elements of a sector one-dimensional code arranged around the positioning mark point.
The positioning mark point consists of a plurality of black-white concentric circles, the coding elements of the fan-shaped one-dimensional code are formed by arranging and combining fan-shaped pattern spots with four different included angles, and each fan-shaped pattern spot consists of three wide pattern spots and three narrow pattern spots which are respectively narrow black, narrow white, wide black and wide white.
The index information contained in the coding elements of each sector one-dimensional code is determined by the distribution of wide and narrow pattern spots under different coding multiplying powers and the configuration of black and white colors, and the coding multiplying powers are the ratio of the included angles of the wide pattern spots to the narrow pattern spots.
The index information corresponds to ID information of the mark point stored in the coding dictionary, the information of the coding dictionary comprises numbers, letters and special symbols, the numbers and the letters are used for generating coding information, and the special symbols are blank areas at the position of the fourth quadrant at the upper left of the coding element and are used for coding start, stop and check information identification.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the installation is simple and convenient: the upper and lower shells are fixed on the nuts through quick-release rods, and only one power line is needed for internal wiring.
2. Firm and reliable: the lower casing is fixed on the nut through the quick-release rod and cannot fall off or loosen under the vibration of the fan bolt.
3. Stability is high: the shooting and light supplementing are arranged in the lower shell, and the influence of complex lighting factors on site on imaging is not needed to be considered.
4. The accuracy is high: the loosening angle of the nut is directly obtained by photographing and comparing the rotation angle of the photographic measurement mark point, and each piece of coded identification information corresponds to the ID information of each measuring point.
5. High timeliness: the invention can densely and widely arrange measuring points and collect data at high frequency, so that the bolt loosening prevention is more accurate and timely than manual periodic spot check.
6. The economy is high: compared with the manual frequent tower climbing inspection bolt loosening, the monitoring device has higher economy and greatly reduces the expensive manpower investment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall cross-sectional elevation view of a bolt-mounted device.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of side B-B of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of side A-A of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a photogrammetric coded identification chart.
Fig. 5 is a sector code element for constructing a photogrammetric coded identification.
The figure indicates:
1. the device comprises a bolt head, 2, bolts, 3, nuts, 4, nut gaskets, 5, an upper flange plate, 6, a lower flange plate, 7, a lower casing, 8, an upper casing, 9, a signal antenna, 10, a power interface, 11, a switch button, 12, a macro lens, 13, a light supplementing lamp, 14, a photographic measurement mark point sticker, 15, a quick-release rod, 16 and a one-dimensional code formed by a plurality of fan-shaped coding elements, wherein 17 is a concentric circle positioning mark point, 18, a wide pattern spot, 19 and a narrow pattern spot.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Examples
The invention provides a bolt looseness prevention early warning and monitoring device. A terminal is buckled above the nut, and a whole set of light supplementing, imaging, wireless communication transmission, image data processor and power supply system are embedded in the terminal.
The device is fixedly embedded on the nut, the rotation angle of the nut relative to the bolt is identified by shooting the photogrammetry mark points distributed on the top surface of the screw, and the detection result of the transmission angle is transmitted back to the monitoring base station, so that the loosening rotation angle of the remote monitoring bolt is realized, and the real-time safety state of the structure is further calculated.
The bolt head 1 and the bolt 2 are integrally formed when the device is installed, the nut 3 is pressed on the nut gasket 4, and meanwhile, the nut 3 is screwed into the bolt 2 and fastened to a specified stress standard according to construction requirements; the upper flange plate 5 and the lower flange plate 6 are structural members which are required to be connected through bolts, and are tightly pressed through a system consisting of the nut gaskets 4 and the nuts 3. The lower casing 7 and the upper casing 8 are made of engineering plastics or aluminum alloy, when in use, the lower casing 7 is buckled on the nut 3 through the quick release rod 15, and then the lower casing 7 and the upper casing 8 are combined and fixed through a threaded interface attached to the upper casing 8. A photogrammetry landmark sticker 14 is attached to the top of the bolt 2. The micro-lens 12 and the light supplementing lamp 13 are embedded in the casing 8, the light supplementing lamp 13 supplements light to an inner cavity formed by the lower casing 7 and the upper casing 8, and then the micro-lens 12 images the photographic measurement mark point sticker 14 attached to the top end of the bolt 2.
When the device is used, a direct-current power supply is plugged in through a power interface 10 preset at the top of the upper shell 8, and then the device is started through a switch button 11. At this time, the macro lens 12 performs the first imaging on the photogrammetry mark point sticker 14, and then performs the decoding processing of the coded mark through the processing chip built in the upper housing 8, so as to obtain the initial displacement and rotation angle of the photogrammetry mark point sticker 14, which are used as the displacement and angle values for initial installation. In the use process, the macro lens 12 continuously images the bolts 14 according to a designated period, calculates the real-time displacement and the rotation angle of the photographic measurement mark point sticker 14, and measures the displacement and the rotation angle change between the bolts 2 and the nuts 3 represented by the photographic measurement mark point sticker 14 by comparing with the initially installed displacement and angle values.
When the measured displacement and the rotation angle are larger than a given warning threshold value, the current bolt is considered to be in a loosening state, at the moment, a bolt loosening warning and a specific loosening angle are sent through the signal antenna 9, and the signal antenna 9 is arranged at the top of the upper casing 8 and connected with the reserved female port.
The measurement photogrammetry landmark decal 14 attached to each bolt has a unique coded identifier representing the bolt, which can represent the bolt's ID information. The pattern on the simultaneous measurement photogrammetry landmark decal 14 provides an indication for displacement and rotation measurements; after the encoded image of the measurement photogrammetric marker point sticker 14 is obtained through the macro lens 12, a binary image containing only edge information is first obtained from the input encoded marker image by preprocessing. And then, obtaining the center point of the coding mark by adopting a least square ellipse fitting adjustment algorithm according to the binary image only containing the edge information, and taking the pixel coordinates of the center point as the displacement value of the current bolt. And then, taking the central point as the center, adopting an arc searching method with a given radius to search for black and white gray values with a given radius, converting the coding mark formed by the sector coding elements into the coding of the one-dimensional bar code, and performing traversal matching according to the included angle ratio and the black and white pixel value corresponding to each coding element of the coding dictionary to obtain a complete coding information value, thereby completing corresponding decoding. After decoding is completed, the rotation and translation amounts occurring at the locating marker points of the code elements on the two images can be resolved using a modified fourier-mellin transform algorithm. Or extracting the linear edges of the fan-shaped image spots through the Hough transformation of the two-dimensional straight lines, and then calculating the rotation angles represented by the plurality of linear edges by using least square.
Claims (4)
1. The device is characterized by comprising a sticker (14) which is adhered to the end face of one end of a bolt (2) to be detected and provided with a thread and a photogrammetric mark, and a photogrammetric communication assembly for detecting information and a corner of the sticker (14), wherein the photogrammetric communication assembly comprises an upper shell (8) and a lower shell (7) which are mutually connected, the lower shell (7) is buckled on the bolt to be detected, a macro lens (12) and a light supplementing lamp (13) which are opposite to the sticker (14) are arranged on the lower shell, the upper shell (8) is provided with a processing chip, a signal antenna (9) and a wireless communication module, and the processing chip is respectively connected with the signal antenna (9), the wireless communication module, the macro lens (12) and the light supplementing lamp (13);
the lower casing (7) is internally provided with a nut cavity and a detection cavity which are mutually communicated, the outer diameter of the nut cavity is the same as the outer diameter of a nut (3) of a bolt (2) to be detected, and the macro lens (12) and the light supplementing lamp (13) are arranged at the top of the detection cavity;
the photogrammetry mark is a concentric ring type sector one-dimensional code mark and comprises a positioning mark point arranged at the center and a coding element of a sector one-dimensional code arranged around the positioning mark point;
the positioning mark point consists of a plurality of concentric circles which are alternately arranged with black and white, the coding elements of the fan-shaped one-dimensional code are formed by arranging and combining fan-shaped pattern spots with four different included angles, and each fan-shaped pattern spot consists of three wide pattern spots and three narrow pattern spots which are respectively narrow black, narrow white, wide black and wide white;
the index information contained in the coding element of each sector one-dimensional code is determined by the distribution of wide and narrow pattern spots under different coding multiplying powers and the configuration of black and white colors, wherein the coding multiplying power is the ratio of the included angle of the wide pattern spot to the included angle of the narrow pattern spot;
the index information corresponds to ID information of the mark point stored in the coding dictionary, the information of the coding dictionary comprises numbers, letters and special symbols, the numbers and the letters are used for generating coding information, and the special symbols are blank areas at the position of the fourth quadrant at the upper left of the coding element and are used for coding start, stop and check information identification.
2. The bolt looseness prevention early warning and monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the signal antenna (9) is arranged at the top of the upper casing (8), and a switch button (11) and a power interface (10) are further arranged at the top of the upper casing (8).
3. The device for preventing and warning the looseness of the bolt according to claim 1, wherein the outer edge of the lower casing (7) is provided with a quick-release rod (15) for clamping.
4. The bolt looseness-prevention early warning and monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the upper casing (8) and the lower casing (7) are engineering plastics or aluminum alloy casings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810949242.3A CN109029382B (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2018-08-20 | Bolt looseness-prevention early warning monitoring device |
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| CN201810949242.3A CN109029382B (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2018-08-20 | Bolt looseness-prevention early warning monitoring device |
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| CN109029382A CN109029382A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
| CN109029382B true CN109029382B (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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| CN201810949242.3A Active CN109029382B (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2018-08-20 | Bolt looseness-prevention early warning monitoring device |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112414683B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-08-02 | 湖南科技大学 | Mean mahalanobis distance-based loose bolt position positioning method and system |
| CN111323843B (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2022-07-19 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Device for detecting fastening state of mining explosion-proof shell fastener |
| CN112097706B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-12-21 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司西北电力试验研究院 | Wind power tower cylinder flange bolt looseness real-time monitoring system and early warning method |
| CN111792267B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-08 | 博众精工科技股份有限公司 | Stacker position detection device, system and method and storage medium |
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