CN109029213B

CN109029213B - Detection tool and detection method for size of heightening cushion plate under iron cushion plate of fastener

Info

Publication number: CN109029213B
Application number: CN201810965138.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 楚纯朋; 颜湘; 邱奕; 邓娇; 龚颖强; 成玲; 何正宏; 王彩
Original assignee: Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-08-23
Filing date: 2018-08-23
Publication date: 2020-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-23
Also published as: CN109029213A

Abstract

The invention discloses a detection tool and a detection method for reducing the size of a height-adjustable cushion plate of a fastener iron cushion plate, wherein the detection tool comprises a bottom plate, a positioning groove is arranged on the bottom plate, the point at which the top of the side edge of one side of the positioning groove is contacted with an outer inclined plane is used as a measurement reference point, a center distance tolerance standard limiting block is also arranged on the bottom plate, a center distance tolerance groove is arranged on the center distance tolerance standard limiting block, the distance from the measurement reference point to one side edge of the center distance tolerance groove is equal to the tolerance lower limit value of the designed center distance, and the distance from the measurement reference point to the other side edge of the center distance tolerance groove is equal to the tolerance upper; the detection tool further comprises an automatic centering device, and the automatic centering device can move in the waist-shaped through hole to find and display the central position of the waist-shaped through hole; the center distance is judged by observing whether the center position of the waist-shaped through hole displayed by the automatic centering device is positioned in the center distance tolerance groove of the center distance tolerance standard limiting block.

Description

Detection tool and detection method for size of heightening cushion plate under iron cushion plate of fastener

Technical Field

The invention relates to a detection tool and a detection method, in particular to a detection tool and a detection method for reducing the size of a fastening iron base plate to a height-adjustable base plate.

Background

The WJ8 type fastener is composed of spiral spike, flat washer, elastic strip, insulating track gauge block, track gauge baffle, under-rail pad (rubber pad or composite pad), iron pad, under-iron pad elastic pad and embedded sleeve, and may also include under-rail fine tuning pad and under-iron pad heightening pad.

Because the requirement of high-speed railway to the smoothness of the track is very strict, and the complexity of the base structure and materials under the sleeper line can produce uneven deformation, thereby causing the unevenness of the rail surface and also causing the unevenness of the track due to construction errors. The 'jolt' is caused when the train passes through the unsmooth section at a high speed, the riding comfort is influenced, even the running safety of the train is threatened, and the smoothness of the steel rail needs to be adjusted at the moment. Generally, according to deformation data of the rail surface, a construction department can insert a method of a rail lower fine adjustment base plate and an iron base plate lower height adjustment base plate with different thicknesses to adjust the height of the rail surface so as to ensure the smoothness of the rail surface.

The iron base plate of the fastener is used as an important part of the WJ8 fastener, the height of the steel rail is mainly adjusted, the effect of vibration and noise reduction is achieved, and the key size of the iron base plate is directly influenced on the use performance of the product.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, the height-adjusting base plate under the iron base plate of the fastener comprises an arc part 1, a shoulder baffle 2 obliquely arranged on one end of the arc part 1 and a horizontal plate 3 horizontally arranged on the other end of the arc part 1, wherein the arc part, the shoulder baffle and the horizontal plate are of an integrated structure, and a waist-shaped through hole 4 is further formed in the horizontal plate 3. And the distance D from the intersection point A between the outer inclined plane of the shoulder guard and the bottom surface of the horizontal plate to the central point B of the waist-shaped through hole 4 is the central distance of the fastening iron base plate with the height adjusted downwards. The center distance D must be controlled within a certain tolerance, but during the manufacturing process, the size of the center distance D is subject to error due to various factors. Therefore, the product must be inspected before it is shipped.

The utility model discloses a special use of measuring iron tie plate height-adjusting backing plate hole distance is examined utensil to the chinese utility model that the bulletin number of authorizing is CN 201811702U, and the date of authorizing is 2011 month 4 and 27 days, and it is including a backup plate and a locating plate, and backup plate and locating plate are crossing, and its contained angle F's size also is F with the contained angle of heightening backing plate inclined plane and bottom surface the same, be fixed with on the locating plate with locating plate vertically measurement stand, the distance of measuring stand's center to contained angle summit C ' is D.

It can be seen from the above patent literature that, in the prior art, the size of the iron base plate lower-adjustment spacer plate detection tool is not accurate in product positioning reference, and is generally positioned by contacting the shoulder blocking surface of the product with the inclined surface of the detection tool, so that the surface-to-surface contact is not accurate as the measured positioning reference surface, which will result in inaccurate measurement of the center distance D.

The above patent document includes the following steps in measurement: during measurement, the heightening base plate is placed on a special checking tool for measuring the hole distance of the heightening base plate under the iron base plate, the inclined surface is attached to the backup plate, the bottom surface is attached to the positioning plate, the measuring upright post is inserted into the long hole of the heightening base plate, and the distances G, H from the front hole wall and the rear hole wall of the long hole in the heightening base plate to the measuring upright post are respectively measured by using a universal length measuring tool, so that the measuring distance D from the intersection point C of the heightening base plate to the center of the long hole can be conveniently obtained.

From the steps, the measurement method is complicated, the labor intensity of inspection personnel is increased, and the inspection efficiency is reduced.

In conclusion, how to design a detection tool and a detection method for reducing the size of a fastening iron base plate to be higher is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently, so that the positioning reference is accurate and has no deviation, the accuracy of the measurement result is ensured, the operation is convenient, the labor intensity of inspectors is reduced, and the inspection efficiency is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a detection tool and a detection method for reducing the size of a fastening iron base plate to a height, which have accurate positioning reference and no deviation, thereby ensuring the accuracy of a measurement result, facilitating the operation, reducing the labor intensity of inspectors and improving the detection efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a detection tool for the size of a fastening iron base plate lower-height-adjusting base plate comprises a base plate for placing the fastening iron base plate lower-height-adjusting base plate, wherein the top surface of the base plate is contacted with the bottom surface of a horizontal plate in the fastening iron base plate lower-height-adjusting base plate, the bottom plate is also provided with a positioning groove, the top of the side edge of one side of the positioning groove is contacted with the outer inclined surface of the shoulder baffle plate in the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate, the point of the top of the side edge of one side of the positioning groove contacted with the outer inclined surface is used as a measuring reference point, a center distance tolerance limiting block is further arranged on the bottom plate, a center distance tolerance groove is formed in the center distance tolerance limiting block, the distance from the measuring reference point to one side edge of the center distance tolerance groove is equal to the lower limit value of the tolerance of the designed center distance, and the distance from the measuring reference point to the other side edge of the center distance tolerance groove is equal to the upper limit value of the tolerance of the designed center distance;

the detection tool further comprises an automatic centering device which is placed on the bottom plate and is positioned in the waist-shaped through hole of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate, and the automatic centering device can move in the waist-shaped through hole to find and display the center position of the waist-shaped through hole; the center distance of the horizontal plate in the fastening iron base plate is adjusted up to judge by observing whether the center position of the waist-shaped through hole displayed by the automatic centering device is positioned in the center distance tolerance groove of the center distance tolerance standard limiting block.

Preferably, the automatic centering device comprises a hollow shell, a gear shaft, a first contact rod and a second contact rod; one end of the gear shaft is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from the top of the shell and is rotationally connected with the shell, one end of the first contact rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from one side part of the shell and can move back and forth along the shell, one end of the second contact rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from the other side part of the shell and can move back and forth along the shell; one end of a first contact rod inserted into the inner cavity of the shell and one end of a second contact rod inserted into the inner cavity of the shell are fixedly connected with a first rack and a second rack respectively, the first rack is in matched contact with one side of a gear on the gear shaft to form a first gear-rack mechanism, and the second rack is in matched contact with the other side of the gear on the gear shaft to form a second gear-rack mechanism; the other end of the first contact rod can be driven to simultaneously extend out of one side of the shell and the other end of the second contact rod can be driven to simultaneously extend out of the other side of the shell through the matching of the gear on the gear shaft and the first rack and the second rack; the shell is also provided with a central marking line.

Preferably, a length tolerance groove is further formed in the bottom plate, the distance from the measuring reference point to one side of the length tolerance groove is equal to the lower tolerance limit value of the designed length, and the distance from the measuring reference point to the other side of the length tolerance groove is equal to the upper tolerance limit value of the designed length.

Preferably, the detection tool for the size of the height-adjustable cushion plate under the iron cushion plate of the fastener further comprises a quadrilateral angle measuring plate, wherein an inner angle I and an inner angle II of the angle measuring plate are in a diagonal relationship, a complementary angle is formed between the angle of the inner angle I and the maximum value angle of the tolerance of the designed outer side angle, and a complementary angle is formed between the angle of the inner angle II and the minimum value angle of the tolerance of the designed outer side angle.

Preferably, the third inner corner and the fourth inner corner of the angle gauge plate are in a diagonal relationship, and the angle of the third inner corner is equal to the maximum angle of the designed inner side angle tolerance, and the angle of the fourth inner corner is equal to the minimum angle of the designed inner side angle tolerance.

Preferably, the tool for detecting the size of the heightening cushion plate under the fastener iron cushion plate further comprises a go-no go gauge, the go-no go gauge comprises a connecting plate, a first cushion plate arranged on one side of the connecting plate and a second cushion plate arranged on the other side of the connecting plate, an arc-shaped go gauge is arranged on the first cushion plate, and an arc-shaped no go gauge is arranged on the second cushion plate; the sum of the radius of the arc go gauge and the height of the first base plate is equal to the minimum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part, and the sum of the radius of the arc no-go gauge and the height of the second base plate is equal to the maximum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part.

The invention also discloses a detection method of the detection tool for reducing the size of the high cushion plate by using the fastener iron cushion plate, which comprises the following steps:

1) placing a fastener iron base plate lower heightening base plate on a bottom plate, enabling the bottom surface of a horizontal plate in the fastener iron base plate lower heightening base plate to be in contact with the top surface of the bottom plate, enabling the arc part of the fastener iron base plate lower heightening base plate to be located in a positioning groove in the bottom plate and enabling the top of one side edge of the positioning groove to be in contact with an outer inclined surface of a shoulder plate in the fastener iron base plate lower heightening base plate, and enabling a center distance tolerance standard limiting block to be located in a waist-shaped through hole of the fastener iron base plate lower heightening base plate;

2) placing the automatic centering device on a bottom plate positioned in the waist-shaped through hole, and finding and displaying the central position of the waist-shaped through hole through the movement of the automatic centering device in the waist-shaped through hole;

3) observing whether the center position of the waist-shaped through hole displayed by the automatic centering device is positioned in a center distance tolerance groove of the center distance tolerance standard limiting block, and if the center position of the waist-shaped through hole is positioned in the center distance tolerance groove, judging that the center distance of the heightening base plate under the fastener iron base plate is qualified; otherwise, the judgment is unqualified.

Preferably, the automatic centering device comprises a hollow shell, a gear shaft, a first contact rod and a second contact rod; one end of the gear shaft is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from the top of the shell and is rotationally connected with the shell, one end of the first contact rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from one side part of the shell and can move back and forth along the shell, one end of the second contact rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from the other side part of the shell and can move back and forth along the shell; one end of a first contact rod inserted into the inner cavity of the shell and one end of a second contact rod inserted into the inner cavity of the shell are fixedly connected with a first rack and a second rack respectively, the first rack is in matched contact with one side of a gear on the gear shaft to form a first gear-rack mechanism, and the second rack is in matched contact with the other side of the gear on the gear shaft to form a second gear-rack mechanism; the other end of the first contact rod can be driven to simultaneously extend out of one side of the shell and the other end of the second contact rod can be driven to simultaneously extend out of the other side of the shell through the matching of the gear on the gear shaft and the first rack and the second rack; a central marking line is also arranged on the shell;

the step 2) is that after the automatic centering device is placed on the bottom plate positioned in the waist-shaped through hole, the gear shaft is screwed, the other end of the first contact rod can be driven to simultaneously extend out from one side of the shell and the other end of the second contact rod can be driven to simultaneously extend out from the other side of the shell through the matching of the gear on the gear shaft and the first rack and the second rack, so that the other end of the first contact rod and the other end of the second contact rod are respectively contacted with the inner parts of the two opposite sides of the waist-shaped through hole, in the process, the automatic centering device moves, when the first contact rod and the second contact rod are contacted with the inner parts of the two opposite sides of the waist-shaped through hole, the automatic centering device stops moving, at the moment, the center mark line on the shell of the automatic centering device is superposed with the center position of the waist-shaped through hole, namely, the central mark line position on the shell of the automatic centering device displays the central position of the waist-shaped through hole.

Preferably, a length tolerance groove is further formed in the bottom plate, the distance between the measuring reference point and one side of the length tolerance groove is equal to the lower tolerance limit value of the designed length, and the distance between the measuring reference point and the other side of the length tolerance groove is equal to the upper tolerance limit value of the designed length;

the detection method further comprises a length detection step: whether the end part of the horizontal plate is located in the length tolerance groove or not is observed, if the end part of the horizontal plate is located in the length tolerance groove, the length of the fastening iron base plate heightening base plate is judged to be qualified, and otherwise, the fastening iron base plate is judged to be unqualified.

Preferably, the tool for detecting the size of the height-adjustable cushion plate under the fastener iron cushion plate further comprises a quadrilateral angle measuring plate, wherein an inner angle I and an inner angle II of the angle measuring plate are in a diagonal relationship, a complementary angle is formed between the angle of the inner angle I and the maximum value angle of the tolerance of the designed outer side angle, and a complementary angle is formed between the angle of the inner angle II and the minimum value angle of the tolerance of the designed outer side angle;

the detection method further comprises an outside angle detection step:

adjusting the angle measuring plate to enable the first inner angle to be arranged at the lower position, the second inner angle to be arranged at the upper position, the first inner angle is close to one side of the shoulder plate of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate, and the second inner angle is far away from one side of the shoulder plate of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate; placing the angle measuring plate on the bottom plate on one side of the outer inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, moving the angle measuring plate towards one side of the shoulder blocking plate along the bottom plate until the angle measuring plate is contacted with the outer inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, at the moment, one side of the first inner angle is contacted with the bottom plate, the other side of the first inner angle is contacted with the outer inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, and observing the condition that the other side of the first inner angle is contacted with the outer inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate;

adjusting the angle measuring plate to enable the inner angle II to be arranged at the lower position, the inner angle I to be arranged at the upper position and close to one side of the shoulder plate of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate, and the inner angle I to be far away from one side of the shoulder plate of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate; placing the angle measuring plate on the bottom plate on one side of the outer inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, moving the angle measuring plate towards one side of the shoulder blocking plate along the bottom plate until the angle measuring plate is contacted with the outer inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, at the moment, one side of the inner angle II is contacted with the bottom plate, the other side of the inner angle II is contacted with the outer inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, and observing the condition that the other side of the inner angle II is contacted with the outer inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate;

when a gap is observed between the upper end of the other side of the first inner corner and the outer inclined surface of the shoulder guard, the lower end of the other side of the first inner corner is tightly attached to the outer inclined surface of the shoulder guard, and

when the upper end of the other side of the inner angle II is closely attached to the outer inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate and a gap is formed between the lower end of the other side of the inner angle II and the outer inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, the outer side angle is judged to be qualified; otherwise, the judgment is unqualified.

Preferably, the third inner corner and the fourth inner corner of the angle measuring plate are in a diagonal relationship, the angle of the third inner corner is equal to the maximum angle of the tolerance of the designed inner side corner, and the angle of the fourth inner corner is equal to the minimum angle of the tolerance of the designed inner side corner;

the detection method further comprises an inside angle detection step:

adjusting the angle measuring plate to enable the inner angle III to be arranged at the lower position, the inner angle IV to be arranged at the upper position, the inner angle III to be close to one side of the shoulder plate of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate, and the inner angle IV to be far away from one side of the shoulder plate of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate; placing the angle measuring plate on a horizontal plate of a lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate, moving the angle measuring plate towards one side of the shoulder blocking plate along the horizontal plate until the angle measuring plate is contacted with the inner inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, at the moment, one side of the third inner angle is contacted with the horizontal plate, the other side of the third inner angle is contacted with the inner inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, and observing the condition that the other side of the third inner angle is contacted with the inner inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate;

adjusting the angle measuring plate to enable the inner angle IV to be arranged at the lower position, the inner angle III to be arranged at the upper position, the inner angle IV is close to one side of the shoulder plate of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate, and the inner angle III is far away from one side of the shoulder plate of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate; placing the angle measuring plate on a horizontal plate of a lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate, moving the angle measuring plate towards one side of the shoulder blocking plate along the horizontal plate until the angle measuring plate is contacted with the inner inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, at the moment, one side of the four inner corners is contacted with the horizontal plate, the other side of the four inner corners is contacted with the inner inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, and observing the condition that the other side of the four inner corners is contacted with the inner inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate;

when the upper end of the other side of the third inner corner is closely attached to the inner inclined surface of the shoulder board, a gap is formed between the lower end of the other side of the third inner corner and the inner inclined surface of the shoulder board, and

when a gap is observed between the upper end of the other side of the inner corner IV and the inner inclined surface of the shoulder board, and the lower end of the other side of the inner corner IV is tightly attached to the inner inclined surface of the shoulder board, the inner side corner is judged to be qualified; otherwise, the judgment is unqualified.

Preferably, the tool for detecting the size of the heightening cushion plate under the fastener iron cushion plate further comprises a go-no go gauge, the go-no go gauge comprises a connecting plate, a first cushion plate arranged on one side of the connecting plate and a second cushion plate arranged on the other side of the connecting plate, an arc-shaped go gauge is arranged on the first cushion plate, and an arc-shaped no go gauge is arranged on the second cushion plate; the sum of the radius of the arc go gauge and the height of the first bottom plate is equal to the maximum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part, and the sum of the radius of the arc no-go gauge and the height of the second bottom plate is equal to the minimum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part;

the detection method also comprises a depth detection step of the arc part:

adjusting the go-no go gauge to enable the arc go gauge on the go-no go gauge to be positioned at the lower position and the arc no-go gauge on the go-no go gauge to be positioned at the upper position; then vertically moving the go-no go gauge downwards to enable the arc go-no go gauge to be inserted into the arc part of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate, and observing the contact condition of one side of a connecting plate in the go-no go gauge and a horizontal plate of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate;

adjusting the go-no go gauge to enable the arc-shaped no go gauge on the go-no go gauge to be positioned at the lower position and the arc-shaped go gauge on the go-no go gauge to be positioned at the upper position; then vertically moving the go-no go gauge downwards to enable the arc-shaped no go gauge to be inserted into the arc part of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate, and observing the contact condition of the other side of the connecting plate in the go-no go gauge and the horizontal plate of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate;

when the arc-shaped go-no go gauge is inserted, observing that one side of the connecting plate is tightly attached to the horizontal plate and when the arc-shaped no go gauge is inserted and observing that a gap is formed between the other side of the connecting plate and the horizontal plate, judging that the inner side angle is qualified; otherwise, the judgment is unqualified.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: unlike the prior art in which surface-to-surface contact is adopted as a positioning reference for measurement, the A' point is adopted as a measurement reference point, so that the positioning reference is accurate and has no deviation, and the accuracy of a measurement result is ensured; in addition, the invention converts the tolerance value of the designed center distance into the distances L1 and L2 between the two sides of the tolerance groove of the center distance and the measuring datum point A', then displays the actual value of the center distance of the lower heightening cushion plate of the fastener iron cushion plate through the automatic centering device, and then directly observes the relationship between the actual value of the center distance and L1 and L2, thereby being capable of visually detecting the center distance of the product, being convenient for operation, reducing the labor intensity of inspectors and improving the inspection efficiency. Through the design to automatic centering device, can be accurate find fastener iron tie plate heighten the centre-to-centre spacing of backing plate and show. Through the design of the angle gauge plate, the outer side angle and the inner side angle of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate can be accurately and conveniently detected. Through the design go-no go gauge, can be accurate convenient to the arc portion degree of depth of the lower heightening backing plate of fastener iron backing plate detect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a fastening iron tie plate with a height adjusted downward;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a fastening iron tie plate with a height-adjustable tie plate;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fastening iron tie plate with a raised lower tie plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of section E of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a fastening iron tie plate with a raised lower tie plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the portion F in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an axial cross-sectional structural view of a self-centering device in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the self-centering device in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a first contact bar in the self-centering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a base of an automatic centering device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic partial axial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention at a self-centering device and a center-to-tolerance stop;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 3;

FIG. 13 is a schematic front view of an angle measuring plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic front view of a go/no-go gauge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a first schematic structural view illustrating an outer corner detection using an angle gauge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a second schematic structural view illustrating the outer corner detection using the angle measuring plate according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of the portion M of FIG. 15;

FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of the portion N in FIG. 16;

FIG. 19 is a first schematic structural diagram illustrating an inner corner detection using an angle measuring plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a second schematic structural view illustrating the inner corner detection by the angle measuring plate according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of the portion P in FIG. 19;

FIG. 22 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion R of FIG. 20;

FIG. 23 is a first schematic structural diagram illustrating a depth of an arc portion detected by a go-no go gauge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a second schematic structural diagram illustrating a depth of an arc portion detected by the go-no go gauge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. the arc part, 2, a shoulder baffle plate, 211, an outer inclined surface, 212, an inner inclined surface, 3, a horizontal plate, 4, a waist-shaped through hole, 5, a bottom plate, 6, a positioning groove, 7, a center distance tolerance limiting block, 711, a center distance tolerance groove, 712, an inner bottom surface, 8, an automatic centering device, 81, a shell, 811, an upper cover, 812, a base, 8121, a second guide groove, 82, a gear shaft, 821, a gear, 822, a knob, 83, a first contact rod, 84, a second contact rod, 85, a first rack, 86, a second rack, 87, a center marking line, 9, a length tolerance groove, 10, an angle measuring plate, 101, a first inner angle, 102, a second inner angle, 103, a third inner angle, 104, a fourth inner angle, 11, a go-no-go gauge, 111, a connecting plate, 112, a first backing plate, 113, a second backing plate, 114, an arc-shaped, 115. arc no-go gage, 12. quick clamp.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained in detail with reference to the specific drawings and embodiments.

Example (b): as shown in figures 3 to 6, a tool for detecting the size of a fastening iron base plate downward-adjustment high base plate comprises a base plate 5 for placing the fastening iron base plate downward-adjustment high base plate, wherein the top surface of the base plate 5 is in contact with the bottom surface of a horizontal plate 3 in the fastening iron base plate downward-adjustment high base plate, a positioning groove 6 is further arranged on the base plate 5, the top of one side edge of the positioning groove 6 is in contact with an A ' point of an outer inclined surface 211 of a shoulder plate 2 in the fastening iron base plate downward-adjustment high base plate, the A ' point of the top of one side edge of the positioning groove 6 in contact with the outer inclined surface 211 is used as a measurement reference point, a center distance tolerance standard limiting block 7 is further arranged on the base plate 5, a center distance tolerance groove 711 is arranged on the center distance tolerance standard limiting block 7, a distance L1 between the measurement reference point A ' and one side edge of the center distance tolerance groove is equal to the tolerance lower limit value of the design center distance, and a distance L2 between An upper limit value; for example, if the center-to-center distance is 61 ± 1mm, L1=60mm, and L2=62 mm.

The detection tool further comprises an automatic centering device 8 which is placed on the bottom plate 5 and is positioned in the waist-shaped through hole 4 of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate, and the automatic centering device 8 can move in the waist-shaped through hole 4 to find the center position of the waist-shaped through hole 4 and display the center position; the center distance of the horizontal plate in the fastening iron base plate is adjusted up downwards to judge by observing whether the center position of the waist-shaped through hole 4 displayed by the automatic centering device 8 is positioned in the center distance tolerance groove 711 of the center distance tolerance standard limiting block 7. The center position displayed by the automatic centering device 8 is the center distance value of the fastening iron base plate which is actually adjusted up.

In the embodiment, the top surface of the bottom plate is contacted with the bottom surface of a horizontal plate in the fastener iron base plate height-adjusting base plate, the top of one side edge of the positioning groove is contacted with the outer inclined surface of a shoulder plate in the fastener iron base plate height-adjusting base plate at the point A ', so that the point A' is superposed with the intersection point A between the outer inclined surface of the shoulder plate and the bottom surface of the horizontal plate at one point, and the point is used as a measurement datum point to measure the size; in addition, this embodiment is through converting the design centre-to-centre distance tolerance value into distance L1 and L2 between the both sides limit of centre-to-centre distance tolerance recess and the measurement datum point A ', and the rethread automatic centering device 8 shows the centre-to-centre distance actual value of fastener iron tie plate lower heightening backing plate, then direct observation centre-to-centre distance actual value and L1, the relation of L2 to can directly perceivedly detect the centre-to-centre distance of product, the operation of being convenient for, testing personnel's intensity of labour has been reduced, inspection efficiency has been improved.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the self-centering device 8 includes a hollow housing 81, a gear shaft 82, a first contact lever 83 and a second contact lever 84; one end of the gear shaft 82 is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell 81 from the top of the shell 81 and is rotatably connected with the shell 81, one end of the first contact rod 83 is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell 81 from one side part of the shell 81 and the first contact rod 83 can move back and forth along the shell 81, one end of the second contact rod 84 is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell 81 from the other opposite side part of the shell 81 and the second contact rod 84 can move back and forth along the shell 81; one end of a first contact rod 83 inserted into the inner cavity of the shell and one end of a second contact rod 84 inserted into the inner cavity of the shell are fixedly connected with a first rack 85 and a second rack 86 respectively, the first rack 85 is in matched contact with one side of a gear 821 on the gear shaft 82 to form a first gear-rack mechanism, and the second rack 86 is in matched contact with the other side of the gear 821 on the gear shaft 82 to form a second gear-rack mechanism; the rotating gear shaft 82 is matched with the first rack 85 and the second rack 86 through a gear 821 on the gear shaft, and can drive the other end of the first contact rod 83 to simultaneously extend out of one side of the shell 81 and drive the other end of the second contact rod 84 to simultaneously extend out of the other opposite side of the shell 81; a center mark line 87 is further provided on the housing 81, and the center mark line 87 shows the center position in the longitudinal direction of the entire self-centering apparatus. The center position of the waist-shaped through hole (length direction) can be found and displayed by using the automatic centering device (the specific steps are explained in the following contents).

In this embodiment, the housing 81 includes an upper cover 811 and a U-shaped base 812, one end of the gear shaft 82 is inserted into the U-shaped base 812 through the upper cover 811 and is rotatably coupled with the U-shaped base 812, and a knob 822 is further provided on the other end of the gear shaft 82, thus facilitating rotation of the gear shaft.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the other end of the first contact bar 83 is tapered, and the other end of the second contact bar is also tapered, so that it is easily contacted with the inside of the opposite sides of the kidney-shaped through hole. Guide protrusions (not shown) are arranged at the bottom positions of the first contact rod 83 and the second contact rod, a first guide groove and a second guide groove 8121 matched with the guide protrusions are formed in the U-shaped base 812, and the first contact rod 83 and the second contact rod 84 can move back and forth along the U-shaped base 812 through the matching of the guide protrusions of the first contact rod 83 and the first guide groove and the matching of the guide protrusions of the second contact rod 84 and the second guide groove 8121.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the center-to-center distance tolerance standard stopper 7 is U-shaped, the center-to-center distance tolerance groove 711 is disposed on the top of two sides of the U-shaped center-to-center distance tolerance standard stopper 7, the bottom plate 5 is provided with a mounting groove, the center-to-center distance tolerance standard stopper 7 is disposed in the mounting groove of the bottom plate 5, and after the mounting, the inner bottom surface 712 of the center-to-center distance tolerance standard stopper 7 is flush with the top surface of the bottom plate 5, which is convenient for detection.

As shown in FIG. 1, the distance H from the intersection point A to the end face of the horizontal plate 3 is the length of the lower height adjusting cushion plate of the iron cushion plate of the fastener. In order to detect the length of the fastening iron tie plate which is adjusted up, as shown in fig. 3 and 12, the bottom plate 5 of the present embodiment is further provided with a length tolerance groove 9, a distance L3 between the measuring reference point a 'and one side of the length tolerance groove 9 is equal to the lower limit value of the tolerance of the designed length, and a distance L4 between the measuring reference point a' and the other side of the length tolerance groove 9 is equal to the upper limit value of the tolerance of the designed length. Such as a design length of 177⁰ _-1At mm, L3=176mm, L4=177 mm. When the iron tie plate of the fastener is lowered to be high and is placed on the bottom plate 5 and is positioned on the measuring reference point A', when the end part of the horizontal plate 3 is positioned in the length tolerance groove 9, the length of the iron tie plate of the fastener is lowered to be high and is within the designed length tolerance range, the iron tie plate is judged to be qualified, otherwise, the iron tie plate of the fastener is judged to be unqualified.

As shown in fig. 1, an included angle θ 1 between the bottom surface of the horizontal plate 3 and the outer inclined surface 211 of the shoulder plate is an outer side angle of the lower height adjustment backing plate of the iron backing plate of the fastener. The included angle theta 2 between the top surface of the horizontal plate 3 and the inner inclined surface 212 of the shoulder blocking plate is the inner side angle of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate.

As shown in fig. 13, the tool for detecting the size of the fastening iron shim plate with the height reduced further includes a quadrilateral angle gauge 10, an inner angle i 101 and an inner angle ii 102 of the angle gauge are in a diagonal relationship, a complementary angle is formed between an angle of the inner angle i 101 and a maximum value angle of the tolerance of the designed outer side angle, and a complementary angle is formed between an angle of the inner angle ii 102 and a minimum value angle of the tolerance of the designed outer side angle. If the outside angle is designed to be 110 ° ± 1 °, the first inside angle 101 is 69 °, and the second inside angle 102 is 71 °. The inner angle I and the inner angle II of the angle measuring plate are used for detecting the outer side angle of the fastening iron base plate which is increased downwards (the specific detection steps are explained in the subsequent content).

Inner corner three 103 and inner corner four 104 of angle gauge plate 10 are in a diagonal relationship and the angle of inner corner three 103 is equal to the maximum angle of the design inside angle tolerance and the angle of inner corner four 104 is equal to the minimum angle of the design inside angle tolerance. If the outer angle is designed to be 110 ° ± 1 °, the inner angle three 103 is 111 °, and the inner angle four 104 is 109 °. The inner corners of the fastening iron base plate with the height increased downwards are detected by using the inner corners three and four of the angle measuring plate (the specific detection steps are explained in the subsequent content).

As shown in figure 1, the distance K between the top surface of the horizontal plate 3 and the deepest inner arc surface of the arc part 1 is the depth of the arc part of the fastening iron base plate which is increased downwards.

As shown in fig. 14, the tool for detecting the size of the fastening iron base plate lower-height adjusting base plate further includes a go-no go gauge 11, where the go-no go gauge 11 includes a connecting plate 111, a first base plate 112 disposed on one side of the connecting plate 111, and a second base plate 113 disposed on the other side of the connecting plate 111, an arc-shaped go gauge 114 is disposed on the first base plate 112, and an arc-shaped no go gauge 115 is disposed on the second base plate 113; the sum T1 of the radius of the arc go gauge 114 and the height of the first backing plate 112 is equal to the minimum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part, and the sum T2 of the radius of the arc no-go gauge 115 and the height of the second backing plate 113 is equal to the maximum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part. If the depth of the arc part is designed to be 12.9⁺¹ ₀And when the thickness is mm, the maximum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part is 13.9mm, and the minimum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part is 12.9 mm. And (3) detecting the depth of the arc part of the heightening base plate under the iron base plate of the fastener by using a go-no go gauge (the specific detection steps are explained in the following content).

As shown in fig. 3 to 6, a method for detecting a tool for detecting the size of an iron tie plate of a fastener by using a downward-adjusting tool for the size of the iron tie plate includes the following steps:

1) the utility model discloses a fastener iron tie plate, place the fastener iron tie plate heightening backing plate on bottom plate 5, make the bottom surface of horizontal plate 3 contact with the top surface of bottom plate 5 in the fastener iron tie plate heightening backing plate, the circular arc portion 1 of fastener iron tie plate heightening backing plate is arranged in positioning groove 6 on the bottom plate and makes the outer inclined plane 211 of shoulder board in one side top of positioning groove 6 and the fastener iron tie plate heightening backing plate contact in A' point, at this moment, centre-to-centre spacing tolerance standard stopper 7 is arranged in waist type through-hole 4 of fastener iron tie plate heightening backing plate, the reuse sets up quick clamp 12 on bottom plate 5 and fixes the fastener iron tie plate heightening backing plate.

2) Placing the automatic centering device 8 on the bottom plate 5 positioned in the waist-shaped through hole 4, and finding and displaying the central position of the waist-shaped through hole 4 through the movement of the automatic centering device 8 in the waist-shaped through hole 4;

3) observing whether the center position of the waist-shaped through hole (namely the center distance value of the fastening iron base plate heightening base plate actually) displayed by the automatic centering device 8 is positioned in the center distance tolerance groove 711 of the center distance tolerance standard limiting block, and judging that the center distance of the fastening iron base plate heightening base plate is qualified if the center position is positioned in the center distance tolerance groove 711; otherwise, the judgment is unqualified.

As shown in fig. 6, 10 and 11, after the self-centering device 8 is placed on the bottom plate 5 in the kidney-shaped through hole in the step 2), the self-centering device is actually placed on the inner bottom surface 712 of the center-to-center tolerance stopper, and the inner bottom surface 712 of the center-to-center tolerance stopper is flush with the top surface of the bottom plate 5, so that the self-centering device is placed on the bottom plate 5. After the self-centering device 8 is placed, the length directions of the first contact rod 83 and the second contact rod 84 of the self-centering device are both parallel to the length direction of the kidney-shaped through hole 4.

After the automatic centering device 8 is placed on the bottom plate 5 positioned in the waist-shaped through hole, at the moment, the central mark line 87 only shows the central position of the automatic centering device 8 and does not necessarily coincide with the actual central position of the waist-shaped through hole 4 in the length direction, then the gear shaft 82 is screwed, the gear 821 on the gear shaft is matched with the first rack 85 and the second rack 86, the other end of the first contact rod 83 can be driven to simultaneously extend out from one side of the shell 81 and the other end of the second contact rod 84 from the opposite other side of the shell 81, so that the other end of the first contact rod 83 and the other end of the second contact rod 84 are respectively contacted with the inner parts of the two opposite sides of the waist-shaped through hole 4 (in the length direction), in the process, the automatic centering device 8 can move, after the first contact rod 83 and the second contact rod 84 are both contacted with the inner parts of the two opposite sides of the waist-shaped through hole 4 (in the, the automatic centering device 8 stops moving, at this time, the center mark line 87 on the automatic centering device casing 81 and the center position of the waist-shaped through hole 4 coincide with each other, that is, the center mark line 87 on the automatic centering device casing 81 displays the center position of the waist-shaped through hole 4, as can be seen from fig. 1, that is, the actual center distance position of the fastening iron tie plate heightening tie plate.

As shown in fig. 12, the detection method further includes a length detection step: whether the end part of the horizontal plate 3 is positioned in the length tolerance groove 9 or not is observed, if the end part of the horizontal plate 3 is positioned in the length tolerance groove 9, the length of the iron backing plate of the fastener, which is heightened downwards, is judged to be qualified, otherwise, the iron backing plate of the fastener is judged to be unqualified.

As shown in fig. 15 and 16, the detection method further includes an outside angle detection step:

adjusting the angle measuring plate 10 to enable the first inner angle 101 to be arranged at the lower position, the second inner angle 102 to be arranged at the upper position, the first inner angle 101 is close to one side of the shoulder plate 2 of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate, and the second inner angle 102 is far away from one side of the shoulder plate 2 of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate; then placing the angle measuring plate 10 on the bottom plate 5 positioned on one side of the outer inclined surface 211 of the shoulder baffle plate 2, moving the angle measuring plate 10 along the bottom plate 5 towards one side of the shoulder baffle plate 2 until the angle measuring plate 10 is contacted with the outer inclined surface of the shoulder baffle plate 2, at this time, one side of the first inner angle 101 is contacted with the bottom plate 5, the other side of the first inner angle 101 is contacted with the outer inclined surface 211 of the shoulder baffle plate, and observing the condition that the other side of the first inner angle 101 is contacted with the outer inclined surface 211 of the shoulder baffle plate;

adjusting the angle measuring plate 10 to enable the inner angle II 102 to be arranged at the lower position, the inner angle I101 to be arranged at the upper position, the inner angle II 102 is close to one side of the shoulder plate 2 of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate, and the inner angle I101 is far away from one side of the shoulder plate 2 of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate; then placing the angle measuring plate 10 on the bottom plate 5 positioned on one side of the outer inclined surface of the shoulder blocking plate, moving the angle measuring plate 10 towards one side of the shoulder blocking plate 2 along the bottom plate 5 until the angle measuring plate 10 is contacted with the outer inclined surface 211 of the shoulder blocking plate, at this time, one side of the inner angle II 102 is contacted with the bottom plate 5, the other side of the inner angle II 102 is contacted with the outer inclined surface 211 of the shoulder blocking plate, and observing the condition that the other side of the inner angle II 102 is contacted with the outer inclined surface 211 of the shoulder blocking plate;

when a gap is observed between the upper end of the other side of the first inner corner 101 and the outer slope 211 of the shoulder plate, as shown in fig. 17 and 18, the lower end of the other side of the first inner corner 101 is closely attached to the outer slope 211 of the shoulder plate and

when the upper end of the other side of the inner corner II 102 is closely attached to the outer inclined surface 211 of the shoulder guard and a gap is formed between the lower end of the other side of the inner corner II 102 and the outer inclined surface 211 of the shoulder guard, the outer side corner is judged to be qualified; otherwise, the judgment is unqualified.

As shown in fig. 19 and 20, the detection method further includes an inside angle detection step:

adjusting the angle measuring plate 10 to enable the inner angle III 103 to be arranged at the lower position, the inner angle IV 104 to be arranged at the upper position, the inner angle III 103 is close to one side of the shoulder blocking plate 2 of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate, and the inner angle IV 104 is far away from one side of the shoulder blocking plate 2 of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate; then placing the angle measuring plate 10 on the horizontal plate 3 of the heightening base plate under the fastener iron base plate, moving the angle measuring plate 10 towards one side of the shoulder blocking plate 2 along the horizontal plate 3 until the angle measuring plate 10 is contacted with the inner inclined surface 212 of the shoulder blocking plate, at the moment, one side of the inner corner III 103 is contacted with the horizontal plate 3, the other side of the inner corner III 103 is contacted with the inner inclined surface 212 of the shoulder blocking plate, and observing the condition that the other side of the inner corner III 103 is contacted with the inner inclined surface 212 of the shoulder blocking plate;

adjusting the angle measuring plate 10 to enable the inner angle IV 104 to be arranged at the lower position, the inner angle III 103 to be arranged at the upper position, the inner angle IV 104 is close to one side of the shoulder plate 2 of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate, and the inner angle III 103 is far away from one side of the shoulder plate 2 of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate; then placing the angle measuring plate 10 on the horizontal plate 3 of the heightening base plate under the fastener iron base plate, moving the angle measuring plate 10 towards one side of the shoulder blocking plate 2 along the horizontal plate 3 until the angle measuring plate 10 is contacted with the inner inclined surface 212 of the shoulder blocking plate, at the moment, one side of the inner corner four 104 is contacted with the horizontal plate 3, the other side of the inner corner four 104 is contacted with the inner inclined surface 212 of the shoulder blocking plate, and observing the condition that the other side of the inner corner four 104 is contacted with the inner inclined surface 212 of the shoulder blocking plate;

when the upper end of the other side of the third inner corner 103 is closely attached to the inner inclined surface 212 of the shoulder plate as shown in fig. 21 and 22, a gap is formed between the lower end of the other side of the third inner corner 103 and the inner inclined surface 212 of the shoulder plate and

when a gap is observed between the upper end of the other side of the inner corner IV 104 and the inner inclined surface 212 of the shoulder board, and the lower end of the other side of the inner corner IV 104 is closely attached to the inner inclined surface 212 of the shoulder board, the inner side angle is judged to be qualified; otherwise, the judgment is unqualified.

As shown in fig. 23 and 24, the detection method further includes an arc depth detection step:

adjusting the go-no go gauge 11 to enable the arc-shaped go gauge 114 on the go-no go gauge to be at the lower position, and the arc-shaped no go gauge 115 on the go-no go gauge to be at the upper position; then the go-no go gauge 11 is moved vertically downwards, so that the arc go gauge 114 is inserted into the arc part 1 of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate, and the contact condition of one side of the connecting plate 111 in the go-no go gauge and the horizontal plate 3 of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate is observed;

adjusting the go-no go gauge to enable an arc-shaped no go gauge 115 on the go-no go gauge to be in a lower position and an arc-shaped go gauge 114 on the go-no go gauge to be in an upper position; then the go-no go gauge 11 is moved downwards vertically, so that the arc-shaped no go gauge 115 is inserted into the arc part 1 of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate, and the contact condition of the other side of the connecting plate 111 in the go-no go gauge and the horizontal plate 3 of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate is observed;

when the arc go gauge 114 is inserted, and one side of the connecting plate 11 is observed to be tightly attached to the horizontal plate 3, and when the arc no-go gauge 115 is inserted, and a gap is observed between the other side of the connecting plate 111 and the horizontal plate, the inner side angle is judged to be qualified; otherwise, the judgment is unqualified.

In conclusion, the invention does not adopt surface-to-surface contact as a positioning reference for measurement in the prior art, but adopts the point A' as a measurement reference point, thereby being capable of accurately positioning the reference without deviation and ensuring the accuracy of the measurement result; in addition, the invention converts the tolerance value of the designed center distance into the distances L1 and L2 between the two sides of the tolerance groove of the center distance and the measuring datum point A', then displays the actual value of the center distance of the lower heightening cushion plate of the fastener iron cushion plate through the automatic centering device, and then directly observes the relationship between the actual value of the center distance and L1 and L2, thereby being capable of visually detecting the center distance of the product, being convenient for operation, reducing the labor intensity of inspectors and improving the inspection efficiency. Through the design to automatic centering device, can be accurate find fastener iron tie plate heighten the centre-to-centre spacing of backing plate and show. Through the design of the angle gauge plate, the outer side angle and the inner side angle of the fastening iron base plate lower heightening base plate can be accurately and conveniently detected. Through the design go-no go gauge, can be accurate convenient to the arc portion degree of depth of the lower heightening backing plate of fastener iron backing plate detect.

The term "plurality" as used in this embodiment means a number of "two or more". The above embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should fall within the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a detection frock of increase backing plate size under fastener iron tie plate, includes the bottom plate that is used for placing the increase backing plate under the fastener iron tie plate, and the bottom surface of horizontal plate in the top surface of bottom plate and the increase backing plate under the fastener iron tie plate contacts its characterized in that: the bottom plate is also provided with a positioning groove, the top of the side edge of one side of the positioning groove is in contact with the outer inclined surface of the shoulder plate in the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate, the point of the top of the side edge of one side of the positioning groove in contact with the outer inclined surface is used as a measuring reference point, the bottom plate is also provided with a center distance tolerance standard limiting block, a center distance tolerance groove is arranged on the center distance tolerance standard limiting block, the distance from the measuring reference point to one side of the center distance tolerance groove is equal to the tolerance lower limit value of the designed center distance, and the distance from the measuring reference point to the other side of the center distance tolerance groove is equal;

the detection tool further comprises an automatic centering device which is placed on the bottom plate and is positioned in the waist-shaped through hole of the lower heightening base plate of the fastener iron base plate, and the automatic centering device can move in the waist-shaped through hole to find and display the center position of the waist-shaped through hole; judging whether the center position of the waist-shaped through hole displayed by the automatic centering device is positioned in the center distance tolerance groove of the center distance tolerance standard limiting block or not by observing whether the center position of the waist-shaped through hole is positioned in the center distance tolerance groove of the center distance tolerance standard limiting block or not;

the automatic centering device comprises a hollow shell, a gear shaft, a first contact rod and a second contact rod; one end of the gear shaft is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from the top of the shell and is rotationally connected with the shell, one end of the first contact rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from one side part of the shell and can move back and forth along the shell, one end of the second contact rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from the other side part of the shell and can move back and forth along the shell; one end of a first contact rod inserted into the inner cavity of the shell and one end of a second contact rod inserted into the inner cavity of the shell are fixedly connected with a first rack and a second rack respectively, the first rack is in matched contact with one side of a gear on the gear shaft to form a first gear-rack mechanism, and the second rack is in matched contact with the other side of the gear on the gear shaft to form a second gear-rack mechanism; the other end of the first contact rod can be driven to simultaneously extend out of one side of the shell and the other end of the second contact rod can be driven to simultaneously extend out of the other side of the shell through the matching of the gear on the gear shaft and the first rack and the second rack; the shell is also provided with a central marking line.

2. The detection frock of claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom plate is also provided with a length tolerance groove, the distance between the measuring reference point and one side of the length tolerance groove is equal to the lower tolerance limit value of the designed length, and the distance between the measuring reference point and the other side of the length tolerance groove is equal to the upper tolerance limit value of the designed length.

3. The detection frock of claim 1, characterized in that: the detection tool for the size of the heightening cushion plate under the fastener iron cushion plate further comprises a quadrilateral angle measuring plate, wherein an inner angle I and an inner angle II of the angle measuring plate are in a diagonal relationship, a complementary angle is formed between the angle of the inner angle I and the maximum value angle of the tolerance of the designed outer side angle, and a complementary angle is formed between the angle of the inner angle II and the minimum value angle of the tolerance of the designed outer side angle.

4. The detection frock of claim 3, characterized in that of the size of the fastening iron tie plate with the lower height-adjusting tie plate: the third inner corner and the fourth inner corner of the angle measuring plate are in a diagonal relationship, the angle of the third inner corner is equal to the maximum angle of the tolerance of the designed inner side corner, and the angle of the fourth inner corner is equal to the minimum angle of the tolerance of the designed inner side corner.

5. The detection frock of claim 1, characterized in that: the tool for detecting the size of the heightening cushion plate under the fastener iron cushion plate further comprises a go-no go gauge, wherein the go-no go gauge comprises a connecting plate, a first cushion plate arranged on one side of the connecting plate and a second cushion plate arranged on the other side of the connecting plate, an arc-shaped go gauge is arranged on the first cushion plate, and an arc-shaped no go gauge is arranged on the second cushion plate; the sum of the radius of the arc go gauge and the height of the first base plate is equal to the minimum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part, and the sum of the radius of the arc no-go gauge and the height of the second base plate is equal to the maximum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part.

6. A detection method of a tool for detecting the size of a fastening iron base plate with a downward-adjusting height by using the fastening iron base plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

7. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the automatic centering device comprises a hollow shell, a gear shaft, a first contact rod and a second contact rod; one end of the gear shaft is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from the top of the shell and is rotationally connected with the shell, one end of the first contact rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from one side part of the shell and can move back and forth along the shell, one end of the second contact rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the shell from the other side part of the shell and can move back and forth along the shell; one end of a first contact rod inserted into the inner cavity of the shell and one end of a second contact rod inserted into the inner cavity of the shell are fixedly connected with a first rack and a second rack respectively, the first rack is in matched contact with one side of a gear on the gear shaft to form a first gear-rack mechanism, and the second rack is in matched contact with the other side of the gear on the gear shaft to form a second gear-rack mechanism; the other end of the first contact rod can be driven to simultaneously extend out of one side of the shell and the other end of the second contact rod can be driven to simultaneously extend out of the other side of the shell through the matching of the gear on the gear shaft and the first rack and the second rack; a central marking line is also arranged on the shell;

8. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the bottom plate is also provided with a length tolerance groove, the distance between the measuring reference point and one side of the length tolerance groove is equal to the lower tolerance limit value of the designed length, and the distance between the measuring reference point and the other side of the length tolerance groove is equal to the upper tolerance limit value of the designed length;

9. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the detection tool for the size of the heightening cushion plate under the fastener iron cushion plate further comprises a quadrilateral angle measuring plate, wherein an inner angle I and an inner angle II of the angle measuring plate are in a diagonal relationship, a complementary angle is formed between the angle of the inner angle I and the maximum value angle of the tolerance of the designed outer side angle, and a complementary angle is formed between the angle of the inner angle II and the minimum value angle of the tolerance of the designed outer side angle;

the detection method further comprises an outside angle detection step:

10. The detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the inner angle III and the inner angle IV of the angle measuring plate are in a diagonal relationship, the angle of the inner angle III is equal to the maximum angle of the tolerance of the designed inner side angle, and the angle of the inner angle IV is equal to the minimum angle of the tolerance of the designed inner side angle;

the detection method further comprises an inside angle detection step:

11. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the tool for detecting the size of the heightening cushion plate under the fastener iron cushion plate further comprises a go-no go gauge, wherein the go-no go gauge comprises a connecting plate, a first cushion plate arranged on one side of the connecting plate and a second cushion plate arranged on the other side of the connecting plate, an arc-shaped go gauge is arranged on the first cushion plate, and an arc-shaped no go gauge is arranged on the second cushion plate; the sum of the radius of the arc go gauge and the height of the first bottom plate is equal to the maximum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part, and the sum of the radius of the arc no-go gauge and the height of the second bottom plate is equal to the minimum value of the depth tolerance of the designed arc part;

the detection method also comprises a depth detection step of the arc part: