CN109023353B - Novel laser cladding plunger machining process - Google Patents
Novel laser cladding plunger machining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109023353B CN109023353B CN201811092961.4A CN201811092961A CN109023353B CN 109023353 B CN109023353 B CN 109023353B CN 201811092961 A CN201811092961 A CN 201811092961A CN 109023353 B CN109023353 B CN 109023353B
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- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 tin-phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical group [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 9
- BSPSZRDIBCCYNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynetin Chemical compound [Sn]#P BSPSZRDIBCCYNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LNSPFAOULBTYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].C#C Chemical group [O].C#C LNSPFAOULBTYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel laser cladding plunger processing technology, which comprises the following steps: step one, repairing a central hole: welding the original deformed central hole by gas shielded welding, simply polishing the surface to form a plane, and re-drilling a new central hole on the plane; step two, laser cladding: scrubbing the surface of the plunger with absolute ethyl alcohol to be dirty, measuring the length of the plunger and the thickness to be clad, focusing red light by a laser to gather the surface of the plunger, and then performing light cladding. The economic benefits of the invention are as follows: the material investment of round steel with the diameter of 30mm is reduced, the process steps are reduced, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the processing speed is further improved, and the production schedule and the economic benefit are increased; safety benefits are as follows: the novel process does not use a supporting seat, thereby avoiding potential safety hazards and improving safety benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a novel laser cladding plunger processing technology.
Background
Laser cladding, also known as laser cladding or laser cladding, is a new surface modification technique. The method comprises the steps of adding a cladding material on the surface of a base material, and fusing the cladding material and a thin layer on the surface of the base material together by using a laser beam with high energy density to form a material-adding cladding layer which is metallurgically bonded with the base layer on the surface of the base layer; in the laser cladding plunger processing technology, the center point correction of a common lathe is the first process and the most important process, and the processing quality of laser external application and a numerical control lathe and the quality of a finished product are directly influenced. After the upright post is put into underground use, the original center hole of the post head is deformed and deviated, and the center hole needs to be corrected again before laser cladding.
Original centre bore correction technology is guided by the factory, be 30mm at column cap welding diameter, the supporting seat is also made to length for 30 mm's round steel, put at the supporting seat central point and drill out a new centre bore again, when the welding supporting seat, at first the welding position of just supporting seat, the welding has the deviation slightly, supporting seat and loose column decentraction, the central point that the centre bore that drills out can deviate the supporting seat puts, laser external application and numerical control lathe add the easy damage supporting seat man-hour, cause the centre bore to split even, the work piece directly drops and throws away, cause the work piece to scrap and the accident of work piece injury people. And the welding support seat has a complex process, and round steel materials with the diameter of 30mm and the length of 30mm need to be processed in advance. After laser cladding finished products, the supporting seat is required to be cut off by using oxygen acetylene, so that the production and the use are convenient, the materials are wasted, the process steps are multiple, and potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel laser cladding plunger processing technology to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a novel laser cladding plunger processing technology comprises the following steps:
step one, repairing a central hole: welding the original deformed central hole by gas shielded welding, simply polishing the surface to form a plane, and re-drilling a new central hole on the plane;
step two, laser cladding: scrubbing the surface of the plunger with absolute ethyl alcohol to be dirty, measuring the length of the plunger and the thickness to be clad, focusing red light by a laser to gather the surface of the plunger, and then performing light cladding;
step three, checking: the clad surface was inspected to confirm that there were no voids, dents, and cracks.
The invention further comprises the following steps: and in the first step, a new central hole is drilled at the position of the original central hole.
The invention further comprises the following steps: and in the second step, cladding parameters are set according to the length of the plunger and the thickness to be clad.
The invention further comprises the following steps: in the cladding parameters, the power of a laser is 1.8kW, the scanning speed is 295 and 305mm/min, and the diameter of a light spot is 3-4 mm.
The invention further comprises the following steps: the starting position of the plunger in the open-beam cladding adopts non-spiral cladding, the spiral cladding is adopted after cladding for 2 circles, and the non-spiral cladding is adopted until the last circle.
The invention further comprises the following steps: and in the second cladding step, a BTSF-2 coaxial powder feeder is adopted for feeding powder, and the powder feeding speed is 11-15 g/min.
The invention further comprises the following steps: the BTSF-2 coaxial powder feeder comprises the following powder materials in percentage by weight: 16-20% of Cr, 4-8% of Ni, 2.92-3.4% of Mo, 0.02-0.08% of C, 0.06-0.10% of Si, 0.01-0.05% of rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound and the balance of Fe.
The invention further comprises the following steps: the BTSF-2 coaxial powder feeder comprises the following powder materials in percentage by weight: 18% of Cr, 6% of Ni, 3.16% of Mo, 0.05% of C, 0.08% of Si, 0.04% of rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound and the balance of Fe.
The invention further comprises the following steps: the rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound is a mixture of rare earth elements and tin-phosphorus compound according to the weight ratio (2-4) to 1.
The invention further comprises the following steps: the rare earth element is samarium; the tin-phosphorus compound is formed by compounding tin and phosphorus according to the weight ratio of (4-6) to 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the economic benefits of the invention are as follows: the material investment of round steel with the diameter of 30mm is reduced, the process steps are reduced, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the processing speed is further improved, and the production schedule and the economic benefit are increased; safety benefits are as follows: the novel process does not use a supporting seat, thereby avoiding potential safety hazards and improving safety benefits.
(2) In the cladding process, factors such as the rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound and the like can influence the hardness and the wear resistance of the coating, and the embodiment 3 and the comparative examples 1-3 show that the cladding coating has the hardness of 64.2HRC and the relative wear resistance of 28 times, in addition, the hardness of the rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound can be improved by 2.7HRC and the relative wear resistance of 6 times, and phosphorus is added into the tin-phosphorus compound. The hardness can be improved by 2.0HRC, and the relative wear resistance can be improved by 4 times.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the novel laser cladding plunger processing technology comprises the following steps:
step one, repairing a central hole: welding the original deformed central hole by gas shielded welding, simply polishing the surface to form a plane, and re-drilling a new central hole on the plane;
step two, laser cladding: scrubbing the surface of the plunger with absolute ethyl alcohol to be dirty, measuring the length of the plunger and the thickness to be clad, focusing red light by a laser to gather the surface of the plunger, and then performing light cladding;
step three, checking: the clad surface was inspected to confirm that there were no voids, dents, and cracks.
In step one of this embodiment, a new center hole is drilled at the location of the original center hole.
In the second step of this embodiment, a cladding parameter is set according to the length of the plunger and the thickness to be clad.
In the cladding parameters of the embodiment, the power of the laser is 1.8kW, the scanning speed is 295mm/min, and the diameter of a light spot is 3 mm.
In the open-beam cladding of the embodiment, the initial part of the plunger is clad in a non-spiral manner, after 2 circles of cladding, the plunger is clad in a spiral manner, and after the last circle of cladding, the plunger is clad in a non-spiral manner.
In the second cladding step of this embodiment, a BTSF-2 coaxial powder feeder is used for feeding powder, and the powder feeding rate is 11 g/min.
The powder feeding of the BTSF-2 coaxial powder feeder in the embodiment comprises the following powder materials in percentage by weight:
16% of Cr, 4% of Ni, 2.92% of Mo, 0.02% of C, 0.06% of Si, 0.01% of rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound and the balance of Fe.
The rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus composite of the embodiment is a mixture of rare earth elements and tin-phosphorus composite according to the weight ratio of 2: 1.
The rare earth element in this example is samarium; the tin-phosphorus compound is formed by compounding tin and phosphorus according to the weight ratio of 4: 1.
Example 2:
the novel laser cladding plunger processing technology comprises the following steps:
step one, repairing a central hole: welding the original deformed central hole by gas shielded welding, simply polishing the surface to form a plane, and re-drilling a new central hole on the plane;
step two, laser cladding: scrubbing the surface of the plunger with absolute ethyl alcohol to be dirty, measuring the length of the plunger and the thickness to be clad, focusing red light by a laser to gather the surface of the plunger, and then performing light cladding;
step three, checking: the clad surface was inspected to confirm that there were no voids, dents, and cracks.
In step one of this embodiment, a new center hole is drilled at the location of the original center hole.
In the second step of this embodiment, a cladding parameter is set according to the length of the plunger and the thickness to be clad.
In the cladding parameters of the embodiment, the power of the laser is 1.8kW, the scanning speed is 305mm/min, and the diameter of a light spot is 4 mm.
In the open-beam cladding of the embodiment, the initial part of the plunger is clad in a non-spiral manner, after 2 circles of cladding, the plunger is clad in a spiral manner, and after the last circle of cladding, the plunger is clad in a non-spiral manner.
In the second cladding step of this embodiment, a BTSF-2 coaxial powder feeder is used for feeding powder, and the powder feeding rate is 15 g/min.
The powder feeding of the BTSF-2 coaxial powder feeder in the embodiment comprises the following powder materials in percentage by weight:
20% of Cr, 8% of Ni, 3.4% of Mo, 0.08% of C, 0.10% of Si, 0.05% of rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound and the balance of Fe.
The rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus composite of the embodiment is a mixture of rare earth elements and tin-phosphorus composite according to a weight ratio of 4: 1.
The rare earth element in this example is samarium; the tin-phosphorus compound is formed by compounding tin and phosphorus according to the weight ratio of 6: 1.
Example 3:
the novel laser cladding plunger processing technology comprises the following steps:
step one, repairing a central hole: welding the original deformed central hole by gas shielded welding, simply polishing the surface to form a plane, and re-drilling a new central hole on the plane;
step two, laser cladding: scrubbing the surface of the plunger with absolute ethyl alcohol to be dirty, measuring the length of the plunger and the thickness to be clad, focusing red light by a laser to gather the surface of the plunger, and then performing light cladding;
step three, checking: the clad surface was inspected to confirm that there were no voids, dents, and cracks.
In step one of this embodiment, a new center hole is drilled at the location of the original center hole.
In the second step of this embodiment, a cladding parameter is set according to the length of the plunger and the thickness to be clad.
In the cladding parameters of the embodiment, the power of the laser is 1.8kW, the scanning speed is 300mm/min, and the diameter of a light spot is 3.5 mm.
In the open-beam cladding of the embodiment, the initial part of the plunger is clad in a non-spiral manner, after 2 circles of cladding, the plunger is clad in a spiral manner, and after the last circle of cladding, the plunger is clad in a non-spiral manner.
In the second cladding step of this embodiment, a BTSF-2 coaxial powder feeder is used for feeding powder, and the powder feeding rate is 13 g/min.
18% of Cr, 6% of Ni, 3.16% of Mo, 0.05% of C, 0.08% of Si, 0.04% of rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound and the balance of Fe.
The rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus composite of the embodiment is a mixture of rare earth elements and tin-phosphorus composite according to a weight ratio of 3: 1.
The rare earth element in this example is samarium; the tin-phosphorus compound is formed by compounding tin and phosphorus according to the weight ratio of 5: 1.
Comparative example 1:
the materials and the preparation process are basically the same as those of the embodiment 3, except that the starting position of the plunger in the open-beam cladding is not clad with the non-spiral cladding, the spiral cladding is adopted after cladding for 2 circles, and the non-spiral cladding is adopted after cladding for the last circle.
Comparative example 2:
the materials and preparation process are basically the same as those of the example 3, except that the rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound is not added.
Comparative example 3:
the materials and preparation process were substantially the same as those of example 3, except that no phosphorus was added to the tin-phosphorus composite.
The cladding coatings prepared in example 3 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested to obtain the following performance test results
| Hardness (HRC) | Relative abrasion resistance (times) | |
| Example 3 | 64.2 | 28 |
| Comparative example 1 | 63.1 | 26 |
| Comparative example 2 | 61.5 | 22 |
| Comparative example 3 | 62.2 | 24 |
From the example 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 3, the cladding coating of the invention has the hardness of 64.2HRC and the relative wear resistance of 28 times, in addition, the hardness of the tin-phosphorus composite doped with the rare earth element can be improved by 2.7HRC and the relative wear resistance of 6 times, and phosphorus is added into the tin-phosphorus composite. The hardness can be improved by 2.0HRC, and the relative wear resistance can be improved by 4 times.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. The novel laser cladding plunger processing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, repairing a central hole: welding the original deformed central hole by gas shielded welding, simply polishing the surface to form a plane, and re-drilling a new central hole on the plane;
step two, laser cladding: scrubbing the surface of the plunger with absolute ethyl alcohol to be dirty, measuring the length of the plunger and the thickness to be clad, focusing red light by a laser to gather the surface of the plunger, and then performing light cladding;
step three, checking: inspecting the cladding surface to confirm that no pores, dents or cracks exist;
drilling a new central hole at the position of the original central hole in the step one;
in the second step, cladding parameters are set according to the length of the plunger and the thickness to be cladded;
in the cladding parameters, the power of a laser is 1.8kW, the scanning speed is 295 and 305mm/min, and the diameter of a light spot is 3-4 mm;
the starting position of the plunger in the open-beam cladding adopts non-spiral cladding, the spiral cladding is adopted after cladding for 2 circles, and the non-spiral cladding is adopted until the last circle;
in the second cladding step, a BTSF-2 coaxial powder feeder is adopted for feeding powder, and the powder feeding speed is 11-15 g/min;
the BTSF-2 coaxial powder feeder comprises the following powder materials in percentage by weight:
16-20% of Cr, 4-8% of Ni, 2.92-3.4% of Mo, 0.02-0.08% of C, 0.06-0.10% of Si, 0.01-0.05% of rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound and the balance of Fe.
2. The new laser cladding plunger processing process of claim 1, wherein the powder material in the powder feeding of the BTSF-2 coaxial powder feeder is in the following weight percentage:
18% of Cr, 6% of Ni, 3.16% of Mo, 0.05% of C, 0.08% of Si, 0.04% of rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound and the balance of Fe.
3. The novel laser cladding plunger processing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rare earth element doped tin-phosphorus compound is a mixture of rare earth elements and tin-phosphorus compound in a weight ratio of (2-4): 1.
4. The new process for processing a laser cladding plunger according to claim 3, wherein the rare earth element is samarium; the tin-phosphorus compound is formed by compounding tin and phosphorus according to the weight ratio of (4-6) to 1.
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| CN201811092961.4A CN109023353B (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2018-09-19 | Novel laser cladding plunger machining process |
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