CN109023181B - Heat treatment method for preventing 2A12 aluminum alloy part from solid solution and overburning - Google Patents
Heat treatment method for preventing 2A12 aluminum alloy part from solid solution and overburning Download PDFInfo
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- CN109023181B CN109023181B CN201811246375.0A CN201811246375A CN109023181B CN 109023181 B CN109023181 B CN 109023181B CN 201811246375 A CN201811246375 A CN 201811246375A CN 109023181 B CN109023181 B CN 109023181B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention provides a heat treatment method for preventing a 2A12 aluminum alloy part from being subjected to solid solution and overburning, which comprises the steps of heating the 2A12 aluminum alloy part to 440-480 ℃, and preserving heat for 10-40 min; then heating to 485-495 ℃ at a heating rate of 0.4-1.2 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 60-120 min; and finally, cooling the water to room temperature, wherein the water entering transfer time is not more than 10 seconds, and the water temperature is 20-60 ℃. The method is simple to operate, can prevent the 2A12 aluminum alloy part from being subjected to solid solution and overburning, can reduce energy consumption, and can improve the performance of the 2A12 aluminum alloy product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat treatment method of 2A12 aluminum alloy.
Background
The 2A12 aluminum alloy Al-Cu-Mg series can strengthen the hard aluminum alloy, the alloy also has good formability and machinability, and is one of the most widely used aluminum alloys. In production, the 2A12 workpiece is generally used under the condition of solution-added natural aging or solution-added artificial aging.
The traditional 2A12 aluminum alloy solution quenching temperature is 498 +/-5 ℃, and a short-time high-temperature heating mode is mostly adopted, so that the material is fully subjected to solution. Because the interval between the temperature of the soluble phase in the 2A12 alloy and the ternary eutectic temperature of alpha (Al) + S (CuMgAl2) + theta (CuAl2) is very narrow (solid solution limit line when the temperature is close to the melting point), the solid solution temperature is quite close to the over-burning temperature of 504 ℃, the whole wave can appear after the temperature of the workpiece reaches the temperature under the general condition, and after the first complete setting, the furnace temperature tends to be stable and is close to the preset heat preservation temperature. The furnace temperature is temporarily increased at the beginning of heat preservation, and the temperature of the furnace temperature is influenced by a plurality of external factors, so that the 2A12 aluminum alloy is likely to be overheated or even over-burnt, the phenomena of foaming, layering, cracking and the like of workpieces are generated, and the whole furnace parts are scrapped in severe cases.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the heat treatment method for preventing the 2A12 aluminum alloy part from being subjected to solid solution and overburning, the operation is simple, the 2A12 aluminum alloy part can be prevented from being subjected to solid solution and overburning, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the product performance of the 2A12 aluminum alloy can be improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem comprises the following steps:
(1) heating the 2A12 aluminum alloy part to 440-480 ℃, and preserving heat for 10-40 min;
(2) heating the 2A12 aluminum alloy part to 485-495 ℃ at a heating rate of 0.4-1.2 ℃/min;
(3) preserving the heat of the 2A12 aluminum alloy part at 485-495 ℃ for 60-120 min;
(4) and (2) cooling the 2A12 aluminum alloy part to room temperature by water, wherein the transfer time in water is not more than 10 seconds, and the water temperature is 20-60 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: as the temperature of 440-480 ℃ in the first stage is lower than the conventional solid solution temperature, the heat preservation at the temperature is favorable for eliminating the internal stress of the material, and the solid solution temperature of the material is improved, so that the subsequent solid solution at 485-495 ℃ can be realized, the aluminum alloy can not be overheated or overburnt, the crystal grains can not grow, and the structure can be finer and more uniform than the conventional solid solution, which indicates that the recrystallization can be realized in the solid solution process. The fine and uniform crystal grains are very beneficial to the mechanical property, so that the tensile strength of the alloy is obviously improved, and the elongation after fracture is not reduced much. In the step (3) of the invention, the wave peak value of the first fixed wave after the temperature of the workpiece is reached can be effectively reduced by adopting the speed-controlled temperature rise when the temperature is close to the heat preservation point, thereby avoiding the possibility that the furnace temperature rise amplitude is too large and the alloy is at the over-burning temperature. In the step (4), temperature reduction and solid solution are adopted, so that the interval between the heating temperature and the ternary eutectic temperature is pulled open on the premise of ensuring that the alloy is fully solid-dissolved, and the possibility of overburning is further avoided. Meanwhile, the lower heat preservation temperature can reduce energy consumption and save cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a microstructure morphology of a high temperature short time solution treated 2A12 aluminum alloy;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure morphology of a reduced temperature solution treated 2A12 aluminum alloy;
FIG. 4 is a microstructure topography of a solution treated 2A12 aluminum alloy of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention comprises the steps of:
(1) charging the 2A12 aluminum alloy part at room temperature, and heating the 2A12 aluminum alloy part to 440-480 ℃ by full-power transmission of a heat treatment furnace, and keeping the temperature for 10-40 min;
(2) after the heat preservation is finished, heating the 2A12 aluminum alloy part to 485-495 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.4-1.2 ℃/min;
(3) preserving the heat of the 2A12 aluminum alloy part at 485-495 ℃ for 60-120 min;
(4) and (3) cooling the water to room temperature after the heat preservation is finished, wherein the quenching transfer time is not more than 10 seconds, and the water temperature is 20-60 ℃.
The relevant test results and analyses of the present invention are as follows:
TABLE 1 Effect of different solution processes on Material Properties
TABLE 2 microstructural morphology of aluminum alloys 2A12 treated by different solution methods
TABLE 3 statistical table of overburning condition and mechanical property of workpiece treated by different solid solution methods
Example 1 was carried out:
a special-shaped porous 2A12 aluminum alloy workpiece (H112 state) with the outer diameter of 200mm and the effective thickness of 17mm is heated by adopting a 60Kw aluminum alloy box type resistance furnace. Firstly, charging a workpiece at room temperature, heating the workpiece to 480 ℃ by full-power transmission, and keeping the temperature for 25 min; after the heat preservation is finished, heating the workpiece to 490 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.4 ℃/min; keeping the temperature of the workpiece at 490 ℃ for 90 min; and (4) cooling to room temperature after heat preservation is finished, wherein the quenching transfer time is 7 seconds, and the water temperature is 25 ℃. Natural aging, the tensile strength of the final material is 500MPa, the elongation after fracture is 17%, the dye penetrant inspection is free of abnormality, the surface quality is good, the high-power tissue is normal, and the overburning phenomenon is avoided.
Example 2 was carried out:
a truncated cone type hollow thin-wall 2A12 aluminum alloy workpiece (H112 state) with a large end of 110mm in outer diameter, a small end of 90mm in outer diameter and an effective thickness of 2.5mm is heated by a 70Kw aluminum alloy vertical water quenching furnace. Firstly, charging a workpiece at room temperature, heating the workpiece to 470 ℃ by full-power transmission, and keeping the temperature for 15 min; after the heat preservation is finished, heating the workpiece to 492 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.7 ℃/min; keeping the temperature of the workpiece at 492 ℃ for 60 min; and (4) cooling to room temperature after heat preservation, wherein the quenching transfer time is 4 seconds, and the water temperature is 50 ℃. Natural aging, the tensile strength of the final material is 495MPa, the mean value of the elongation after fracture is 20 percent, and the dye penetrant inspection has no abnormity, good surface quality, normal high-power tissue and no overburning phenomenon.
Example 3 of implementation:
a batten type 2A12 aluminum alloy workpiece (H112 state) with an effective thickness of 22mm is heated by a 70Kw aluminum alloy vertical water quenching furnace. Firstly, charging a workpiece at room temperature, heating the workpiece to 460 ℃ by full-power transmission, and keeping the temperature for 35 min; after the heat preservation is finished, heating the workpiece to 489 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.2 ℃/min; keeping the temperature of the workpiece at 495 ℃ for 70 min; and (4) cooling to room temperature after heat preservation is finished, wherein the quenching transfer time is 9 seconds, and the water temperature is 35 ℃. Natural aging, the tensile strength of the final material is 500MPa, the elongation after fracture is 18%, the dye penetrant inspection is free of abnormality, the surface quality is good, the high-power tissue is normal, and the overburning phenomenon is avoided.
Claims (1)
1. A heat treatment method for preventing the solution overburning of a 2A12 aluminum alloy part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) heating the 2A12 aluminum alloy part to 440-480 ℃, and preserving heat for 10-40 min;
(2) heating the 2A12 aluminum alloy part to 485-495 ℃ at a heating rate of 0.4-1.2 ℃/min;
(3) preserving the heat of the 2A12 aluminum alloy part at 485-495 ℃ for 60-120 min;
(4) and (2) cooling the 2A12 aluminum alloy part to room temperature by water, wherein the transfer time in water is not more than 10 seconds, and the water temperature is 20-60 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811246375.0A CN109023181B (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | Heat treatment method for preventing 2A12 aluminum alloy part from solid solution and overburning |
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| CN201811246375.0A CN109023181B (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | Heat treatment method for preventing 2A12 aluminum alloy part from solid solution and overburning |
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| CN109023181B true CN109023181B (en) | 2020-11-10 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107090569A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-08-25 | 哈尔滨中飞新技术股份有限公司 | Prepare the Technology for Heating Processing of high-strength hard aluminum alloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107090569A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-08-25 | 哈尔滨中飞新技术股份有限公司 | Prepare the Technology for Heating Processing of high-strength hard aluminum alloy |
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