CN109022748A - The heat treatment method of U71MnH steel rail weld joint - Google Patents

The heat treatment method of U71MnH steel rail weld joint Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109022748A
CN109022748A CN201811244439.3A CN201811244439A CN109022748A CN 109022748 A CN109022748 A CN 109022748A CN 201811244439 A CN201811244439 A CN 201811244439A CN 109022748 A CN109022748 A CN 109022748A
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weld joint
steel rail
heat treatment
u71mnh
rail weld
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CN201811244439.3A
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CN109022748B (en
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陆鑫
李大东
王若愚
邓健
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Pangang Group Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute Co Ltd
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Pangang Group Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/50Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34Methods of heating
    • C21D1/42Induction heating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34Methods of heating
    • C21D1/52Methods of heating with flames
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the heat treatment methods of U71MnH steel rail weld joint, belong to rail welding technique field.The present invention in order to solve existing steel rail weld joint during heat treatment cool down when because local cooling rate be higher than critical transition temperature, and leading to the problem of the adverse tissues such as martensite influences connector hardness, provide a kind of heat treatment method of U71MnH steel rail weld joint, this method is: being cooled to postwelding and stops heating after 300 DEG C of U71MnH steel rail weld joint welded seam areas below are heated to 915-935 DEG C, using compressed air cooling, stop compressed air cooling, cooled to room temperature after rail joint wheel tread temperature is down to 405-432 DEG C.While effectively controlling the hardness of U71MnH steel rail weld joint using the method for the present invention, it ensure that joint microstructure is normal.

Description

The heat treatment method of U71MnH steel rail weld joint
Technical field
The invention belongs to rail welding technique fields, and in particular to the heat treatment method of U71MnH steel rail weld joint.
Background technique
Rail welding has that heating temperature is high, heating speed is fast, high-temperature residence time is short, temperature distribution is non-uniform and in sky Under cool condition the features such as continuous coo1ing, be easy to appear organizational coarseness in connector especially heat affected area, in addition easily formed martensite, The adverse tissues such as bainite make joint phenomena such as hardening, embrittlement occur;Postwelding connector generates internal stress simultaneously, in complexity External stress effect under, be easily broken, become the weak link of railroad embankment.To discharge stress, crystal grain is refined, is changed Joint microstructure form improves lowered performance state, need to carry out post weld heat treatment to rail joint.
Patent document CN108103299A discloses a kind of heat treatment process after full length quenching steel rail welding, which will be portable The wind pressure of formula hardening of rails device, which is adjusted to 0.8~1.0Mpa, water is adjusted to 15~20ml/s and reaches atomization requires, and works as welding When connector temperature drops to 400 ± 10 DEG C, with oxy arc heat welding point 3~5 minutes, measurement connector temperature reach 900 DEG C ± At 10 DEG C, heat preservation keeps connector temperature balanced, spraying using Portable rail quenching device when temperature reaches 800 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, Spray time is ± 10 seconds 100 seconds, is finished by spraying, natural cooling, and when temperature drops to 400 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, integer of polishing is visited Wound, detects rail and detection tabs meet the requirements.The technique solves the smoothness of rail by heat treatment method, makes rail Can be with indefinite length, but the hardness of non-Welded Joints makes a search;Technique Welded Joints by the way of spraying simultaneously It is cooled down, if atomizing effect is not up to standard, makes the water droplet in cooling medium containing larger particles, keep rail joint surface locally cold Speed is higher than critical transition temperature, and then generates the adverse tissues such as martensite in the region, and there are excessively high risks for connector hardness.
Xu Xin etc. (railway construction, 2016 (08): 145-148) is welded using novel load coil Welded Joints After be heat-treated, 880 ± 10 DEG C of heating temperature;Heating time > 130s;0.06~0.10MPa of wind pressure;Spray wind time 150s.It uses After novel load coil carries out post weld heat treatment under above-mentioned technological parameter, connector tyre tread and the ratio of base material hardness are 1.01, rail head, rail bottom trigonum and 2 rail bottom angle crystal grain are refined, and grain size number is up to 9 grades or more.But its research pair As for U71Mn hot rolled rail, this method is not suitable for U17MnH rail.
Summary of the invention
The present invention produces to solve steel rail weld joint in cooling procedure because local cooling rate is higher than critical transition temperature The adverse tissues such as raw martensite make welding point lower hardness.
The technical solution used to solve the technical problems of the present invention is that providing the heat treatment of U71MnH steel rail weld joint Method.This method comprises the following steps: being cooled to 300 DEG C of U71MnH steel rail weld joint welded seam areas below to postwelding and heats Stop heating after to 915-935 DEG C, using compressed air cooling, stops spray wind after rail joint wheel tread temperature is down to 405-432 DEG C It is cooling, cooled to room temperature.
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, U71MnH steel rail weld joint weld metal zone Domain heating method is heated using Medium frequency induction electric heating or oxyacetylene torch.
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, the U71MnH steel rail weld joint weldering The control of region heating time is stitched in 135-250s.
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, the starting connector of the compressed air cooling is stepped on Face temperature is controlled at 710-810 DEG C.
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, the air nozzle distance of the compressed air cooling 30 ± 2mm of rail joint surface.
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, the spray wind wind pressure be 0.1 ± 0.05MPa。
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, the rail joint welded seam area refers to Region in each 20mm in melt run two sides.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The method of the present invention improves U71MnH steel rail weld joint by control heating temperature, spray wind wind pressure and final cooling temperature Hardness, ratio >=0.90 of the hardness average value HJ and base material hardness average value HP of connector;Connector soft spots hardness average value Ratio >=0.80 of HJ1 and base material hardness average value HP;Softened region is less than 20mm, meets standard requirements.The method of the present invention has While effect control rail joint hardness, it ensure that rail joint tissue morphology is normal, improve lowered performance state.This Inventive method has good popularization and application foreground, can the welding base of heavy-haul line rail or online welding procedure list at home It promotes the use of position.
Detailed description of the invention
The hardness curve that Fig. 1 is 5mm under 60kg/mU71MnH Post-Welding Heattreatment of Rail rail head tyre tread in embodiment 1.
The hardness curve that Fig. 2 is 5mm under 60kg/mU71MnH Post-Welding Heattreatment of Rail rail head tyre tread in embodiment 2.
The hardness curve that Fig. 3 is 5mm under 60kg/mU71MnH Post-Welding Heattreatment of Rail rail head tyre tread in embodiment 3.
The hardness curve that Fig. 4 is 5mm under 60kg/mU71MnH Post-Welding Heattreatment of Rail rail head tyre tread in embodiment 4.
The hardness curve that Fig. 5 is 5mm under 60kg/mU71MnH Post-Welding Heattreatment of Rail rail head tyre tread in comparative example.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides the heat treatment methods of U71MnH steel rail weld joint.This method comprises the following steps: right U71MnH steel rail weld joint welded seam area stops heating after being heated to 915-935 DEG C, using compressed air cooling, steps on to rail joint Face temperature stops compressed air cooling, cooled to room temperature after being down to 405-432 DEG C.
In the present invention, 300 DEG C of U71MnH steel rail weld joint welded seam areas below are cooled to postwelding and are heated to 915- Stop heating after 935 DEG C, then cooling while use normalizing process and effectively control rail joint hardness, releases connector and answer Power refines connector crystal grain, changes joint microstructure form, improves lowered performance state.When rail head of rail surface reaches requirement When range, it cannot be guaranteed that especially center portion temperature can also reach requirement temperature inside rail, in order to guarantee that center portion temperature can reach To temperature is required, temperature cannot be too low;When the temperature is excessively high, on the one hand, temperature is surveyed than practical at relatively thin rail rail bottom Amount temperature is higher, and there are the risk of tissue overheating, on the other hand, heating coil is the source of heat, using its as center heat to Rail both ends heat transfer, heat affected area width can broaden, or even be unsatisfactory for standard requirements.
In the present invention, final cooling temperature should be controlled at 420-470 DEG C.Final cooling temperature is excessively high, and hardness requirement is not achieved;Cold temperature eventually It spends low, entire rail joint tissue can be made to be abnormal.
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, U71MnH steel rail weld joint weld metal zone Domain heating method is heated using Medium frequency induction electric heating or oxyacetylene torch.
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, the U71MnH steel rail weld joint weldering The control of region heating time is stitched in 135-250s.For the uniformity coefficient for keeping rail tunneling boring heated, need during heating Control heating time is 135-250s, if heating time is too short, actual transformation region only has rail surface layer, and rail interior tissue obtains Less than promotion;If heating time is too long, there is the risk of overheat in rail joint, will affect joint microstructure, while may make rail Welding joint softened region is exceeded.
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, the starting connector of the compressed air cooling is stepped on Face temperature is controlled at 710-810 DEG C.In order to control the hardness of rail joint softened zone, starting spray air temperature needs to control above-mentioned In range.
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, the air nozzle distance of the compressed air cooling 30 ± 2mm of rail joint surface.
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, the spray wind wind pressure be 0.1 ± 0.05MPa.It is too high or too low to spray wind wind pressure, can all influence cooling rate, cause hardness not up to standard.
Wherein, in the heat treatment method of above-mentioned U71MnH steel rail weld joint, the rail joint welded seam area refers to Region in each 20mm in melt run two sides.
Refer at rail joint in the present invention using melt run as the region in each 100mm in center two sides.
Embodiment 1
Stop after being heated to 935 DEG C to 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail weld joint welded seam area using heating in medium frequency mode Heating, heating time 141s.After stopping heating, when rail joint wheel tread temperature is down to 785 DEG C, compressed air cooling, spray are carried out Apart from rail joint surface 30mm, spray wind wind pressure is 0.1 ± 0.05MPa in air port, is down to cold temperature eventually when connector wheel tread temperature is air-cooled When degree is 431 DEG C, stop compressed air cooling, subsequent rail joint carries out cooled to room temperature.Referring to TB/T 1632.2-2014 Standard requirements, using 5mm Rockwell hardness under rail head tyre tread on HR-150A Rockwell apparatus test vertical section.In the present embodiment The ratio of the hardness average value HJ and base material hardness average value HP of 60kg/m U71MnH Post-Welding Heattreatment of Rail connector are 0.95, The ratio of connector soft spots hardness average value HJ1 and base material hardness average value HP is 0.85, and softening sector width is on the left of connector 13.0mm, it is 7.5mm that right side, which softens sector width, meets standard requirements.
Embodiment 2
Stop after being heated to 915 DEG C to 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail weld joint welded seam area using heating in medium frequency mode Heating, heating time 135s.After stopping heating, when rail joint wheel tread temperature is down to 810 DEG C, compressed air cooling, spray are carried out Apart from rail joint surface 30mm, spray wind wind pressure is 0.1 ± 0.05MPa in air port, is down to cold temperature eventually when connector wheel tread temperature is air-cooled When degree is 405 DEG C, stop compressed air cooling, subsequent rail joint carries out cooled to room temperature.Referring to TB/T 1632.2-2014 Standard requirements, using 5mm Rockwell hardness under rail head tyre tread on HR-150A Rockwell apparatus test vertical section.In the present embodiment The ratio of the hardness average value HJ and base material hardness average value HP of 60kg/m U71MnH Post-Welding Heattreatment of Rail connector are 0.93, The ratio of connector soft spots hardness average value HJ1 and base material hardness average value HP is 0.80, and softening sector width is on the left of connector 12.5mm, it is 17.5mm that right side, which softens sector width, meets standard requirements.
Embodiment 3
Stop after being heated to 921 DEG C to 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail weld joint welded seam area using heating in medium frequency mode Heating, heating time 136s.After stopping heating, when rail joint wheel tread temperature is down to 800 DEG C, compressed air cooling, spray are carried out Apart from rail joint surface 30mm, spray wind wind pressure is 0.1 ± 0.05MPa in air port, is down to cold temperature eventually when connector wheel tread temperature is air-cooled When degree is 432 DEG C, stop compressed air cooling, subsequent rail joint carries out cooled to room temperature.Referring to TB/T 1632.2-2014 Standard requirements, using 5mm Rockwell hardness under rail head tyre tread on HR-150A Rockwell apparatus test vertical section.In the present embodiment The ratio of the hardness average value HJ and base material hardness average value HP of 60kg/m U71MnH Post-Welding Heattreatment of Rail connector are 0.91, The ratio of connector soft spots hardness average value HJ1 and base material hardness average value HP is 0.80, and softening sector width is on the left of connector 14.5mm, it is 18.0mm that right side, which softens sector width, meets standard requirements.
Embodiment 4
915 DEG C are heated to 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail weld joint welded seam area using oxyacetylene torch heating method Stop heating afterwards, the pressure of oxygen is 0.6MPa, flow 4.8m3/ h, the pressure of acetylene are 0.2MPa, flow 4.0m3/ h, Heating time is 250s.Stop heating after, when rail joint wheel tread temperature is down to 710 DEG C, carry out compressed air cooling, air nozzle away from From rail joint surface 30mm, spray wind wind pressure is 0.1 ± 0.05MPa, and when connector wheel tread temperature is air-cooled, to be down to final cooling temperature be 429 DEG C when, stop compressed air cooling, subsequent rail joint carries out cooled to room temperature.It is wanted referring to TB/T 1632.2-2014 standard It asks, using 5mm Rockwell hardness under rail head tyre tread on HR-150A Rockwell apparatus test vertical section.60kg/m in the present embodiment The ratio of the hardness average value HJ and base material hardness average value HP of U71MnH Post-Welding Heattreatment of Rail connector are 0.91, connector soft spots The ratio of hardness average value HJ1 and base material hardness average value HP is 0.80, and softening sector width is 19.0mm on the left of connector, and right side is soft Change sector width is 17.0mm, meets standard requirements.
Comparative example
Stop after being heated to 915 DEG C to 60kg/m U71MnH steel rail weld joint welded seam area using heating in medium frequency mode Heating, heating time 143s after stopping heating, when rail joint wheel tread temperature is down to 788 DEG C, carry out compressed air cooling, spray Apart from rail joint surface 30mm, spray wind wind pressure is 0.1 ± 0.05MPa in air port, is down to cold temperature eventually when connector wheel tread temperature is air-cooled When degree is 489 DEG C, stop compressed air cooling, subsequent rail joint carries out cooled to room temperature.Referring to TB/T 1632.2-2014 Standard requirements, using 5mm Rockwell hardness under rail head tyre tread on HR-150A Rockwell apparatus test vertical section.In the present embodiment The ratio of the hardness average value HJ and base material hardness average value HP of 60kg/m U71MnH Post-Welding Heattreatment of Rail connector are 0.87, The ratio of connector soft spots hardness average value HJ1 and base material hardness average value HP is 0.80, and softening sector width is on the left of connector 17.0mm, it is 15.0mm that right side, which softens sector width, is unsatisfactory for standard requirements.
By embodiment 1-4 it is found that being heat-treated using the method for the present invention to U71MnH steel rail weld joint, processing is followed by Ratio >=0.90 of the hardness average value HJ and base material hardness average value HP of head;Connector soft spots hardness average value HJ1 and base material are hard Spend ratio >=0.80 of average value HP;The softened region of left and right side is less than 20mm, meets standard requirements.And comparative example is not adopted With the method for the present invention to the ratio of the hardness average value HJ and base material hardness average value HP of the rail joint of U71MnH heat-treatment of rail Value is 0.87, is unsatisfactory for standard requirements.

Claims (7)

  1. The heat treatment method of 1.U71MnH steel rail weld joint, it is characterised in that: 300 DEG C of U71MnH below are cooled to postwelding Steel rail weld joint welded seam area stops heating after being heated to 915-935 DEG C, using compressed air cooling, to rail joint wheel tread temperature Stop compressed air cooling, cooled to room temperature after being down to 405-432 DEG C.
  2. 2. the heat treatment method of U71MnH steel rail weld joint according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: U71MnH rail Welding point welded seam area heating method is heated using Medium frequency induction electric heating or oxyacetylene torch.
  3. 3. the heat treatment method of U71MnH steel rail weld joint according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: described U71MnH steel rail weld joint welded seam area heating time controls in 135-250s.
  4. 4. the heat treatment method of U71MnH steel rail weld joint according to claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: institute The starting connector wheel tread temperature for stating compressed air cooling is controlled at 710-810 DEG C.
  5. 5. the heat treatment method of U71MnH steel rail weld joint according to claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: institute The air nozzle of compressed air cooling is stated apart from 30 ± 2mm of rail joint surface.
  6. 6. the heat treatment method of U71MnH steel rail weld joint according to claim 1-5, it is characterised in that: institute Stating spray wind wind pressure is 0.1 ± 0.05MPa.
  7. 7. the heat treatment method of U71MnH steel rail weld joint according to claim 1-6, it is characterised in that: institute It states rail joint welded seam area and refers to region in each 20mm in melt run two sides.
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Cited By (7)

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CN110082234A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-08-02 莱州市蔚仪试验器械制造有限公司 A kind of Rockwell apparatus just test force load is anti-to cross punching method
CN110438328A (en) * 2019-09-09 2019-11-12 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 A kind of hypo eutectoid steel rail weld joint heat treatment method
CN110438326A (en) * 2019-09-09 2019-11-12 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Hypo eutectoid Post-Welding Heattreatment of Rail method
CN113416822A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-09-21 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 Heat treatment method for improving hardness of U76CrRE heat treatment steel rail gas pressure welding joint
CN113416833A (en) * 2021-07-08 2021-09-21 包钢中铁轨道有限责任公司 Steel rail weld heat treatment control system and heat treatment method
CN114622079A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-06-14 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 Method for reducing height of echo of ultrasonic flaw detection defect of steel rail
CN115287441A (en) * 2022-07-31 2022-11-04 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 Postweld heat treatment method for U71MnG high-speed steel rail welded joint

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CN110082234A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-08-02 莱州市蔚仪试验器械制造有限公司 A kind of Rockwell apparatus just test force load is anti-to cross punching method
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CN113416822A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-09-21 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 Heat treatment method for improving hardness of U76CrRE heat treatment steel rail gas pressure welding joint
CN113416833A (en) * 2021-07-08 2021-09-21 包钢中铁轨道有限责任公司 Steel rail weld heat treatment control system and heat treatment method
CN113416833B (en) * 2021-07-08 2022-06-10 包钢中铁轨道有限责任公司 Steel rail weld heat treatment control system and heat treatment method
CN114622079A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-06-14 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 Method for reducing height of echo of ultrasonic flaw detection defect of steel rail
CN114622079B (en) * 2022-03-10 2024-06-11 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 Method for reducing echo height of ultrasonic flaw detection defect of steel rail
CN115287441A (en) * 2022-07-31 2022-11-04 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 Postweld heat treatment method for U71MnG high-speed steel rail welded joint
CN115287441B (en) * 2022-07-31 2024-04-30 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 Post-welding heat treatment method for U71MnG high-speed steel rail welding joint

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