CN109022021B

CN109022021B - Coal chemical industry knockout tower

Info

Publication number: CN109022021B
Application number: CN201810955557.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡自然
Original assignee: Huaibei Leide Electromechanical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: HUAIBEI LEIDE ELECTROMECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-08-21
Filing date: 2018-08-21
Publication date: 2020-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-21
Also published as: CN109022021A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of chemical equipment, in particular to a coal chemical separation tower which comprises a fixed frame, three driving structures, two first sleeves, a flow dividing structure, a second sleeve, a water valve, a flow guide structure, a fixed ring and three sealing structures, wherein the three driving structures are arranged on the fixed frame; the top end of the first sleeve at the extreme end part deviating from the flow guide structure is connected with a second sleeve; the second sleeve is connected with one adjacent first sleeve through a driving structure, and the flow guide structure is connected with the adjacent first sleeve through the driving structure; the two first sleeves are connected through a driving structure; two adjacent first sleeves, the first sleeve and the second sleeve, and the first sleeve and the flow guide structure are sealed through sealing structures. The driving structure of the invention is matched with the arrangement of the annular first sleeve, so that the first sleeve and the packing layers on the tower plates on the fixing rings in the guide structure can be conveniently replaced, the packing layers on the tower plates at different positions can be disassembled and replaced, and the equipment maintenance is more convenient and faster.

Description

Coal chemical industry knockout tower

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of chemical equipment, in particular to a coal chemical industry separation tower.

Background

With the rapid development of society, the coal chemical industry technology is rapidly developed, the coal chemical industry refers to the process of taking coal as raw materials, converting the coal into gas, liquid, solid fuel and chemicals through chemical processing, mainly including gasification, liquefaction and dry distillation of the coal, and tar processing and carbide acetylene chemical industry, the liquid fuel or chemicals generated by reaction are mixed together and are difficult to separate, so different fuels or chemicals can be separated through a separation tower through extraction separation effect.

However, the traditional coal chemical separation tower is of a vertical tower plate and packing layer structure, the packing layers at different positions are inconvenient to replace, the tightness after replacement is difficult to ensure, and the maintenance and the separation tower is not convenient and fast enough. In view of this, the invention provides a coal chemical industry separation tower, which has the following characteristics:

(1) according to the coal chemical separation tower, the driving structure is matched with the annular first sleeve, so that the first sleeve and the packing layers on the tower plates on the fixing rings in the guide structure can be conveniently replaced, the packing layers on the tower plates at different positions can be disassembled and replaced, and the equipment is more convenient and faster to overhaul and maintain.

(2) According to the coal chemical industry separation tower, the sealing structures are arranged between the second sleeve and the first sleeve, between the first sleeve and the flow guide structure and between two adjacent first sleeves, so that the sealing performance of the separation tower is guaranteed after disassembly and maintenance, the positioning in the installation process is avoided by matching with the driving structure, and the using effect of the separation tower is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the coal chemical industry separation tower, the driving structure is matched with the arrangement of the annular first sleeve, so that the first sleeve and the packing layers on the tower plates on the fixing rings in the guide structure are convenient to replace, the packing layers on the tower plates at different positions are disassembled and replaced, and the equipment is more convenient and faster to overhaul and maintain; the sealing structure is arranged between the second sleeve and the first sleeve, between the first sleeve and the flow guide structure and between two adjacent first sleeves, the sealing performance of the separation tower is guaranteed after disassembly and maintenance, the positioning in the installation process is avoided by matching with the driving structure, and the using effect of the separation tower is improved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a coal chemical industry separation tower comprises a fixing frame, three driving structures, two first sleeves, a flow dividing structure, a second sleeve, a water valve, a flow guide structure, a fixing ring and three sealing structures; the flow guide structure for containing and treating liquid coal is fixed at the top end of the fixing frame, two annular first sleeves are arranged at the top end of the flow guide structure, and the top end of one first sleeve which is far away from the most end part of the flow guide structure is connected with the second sleeve; the second sleeve is connected with one adjacent first sleeve through one driving structure, and the flow guide structure is connected with one adjacent first sleeve through the driving structure; the two first sleeves are connected through the other driving structure; the adjacent two first sleeves, the first sleeve and the second sleeve, and the first sleeve and the flow guide structure are sealed through the sealing structure, and the water valves communicated with the sealing structure are correspondingly arranged on the side walls of the second sleeve and the two first sleeves one by one; the three annular fixing rings for fixing the tower plate are respectively arranged in the two first sleeves and the flow guide structure; the top end of the second sleeve is provided with a flow distribution structure for distributing the liquefied coal.

Specifically, the flow dividing structure comprises a cover plate, a feed valve, a flow dividing protrusion, a flow guide channel, a plurality of spray holes and a first sealing ring, wherein the cover plate is detachably connected with one end of the second sleeve away from the first sleeve, the first sealing ring with a triangular cross section and used for sealing is clamped on the circumferential direction of the cover plate, the first sealing ring is abutted against the second sleeve, the flow guide channel is arranged in the cover plate, the spray holes which are uniformly distributed are communicated with the flow guide channel, the flow dividing protrusion with a hemispherical structure is arranged on the central axis of the flow guide channel, and the feed valve is fixed on the cover plate and extends to the flow dividing protrusion; the conveying pipeline of the liquid coal liquid is connected with the feeding valve, the switch of the feeding valve is opened, the coal liquid is collided with the feeding valve on the flow dividing protrusion, the coal liquid uniformly enters the flow guide channel and then passes through the spray holes to be uniformly sprayed out, so that the coal liquid enters the packing layer more uniformly, the separation quality is greatly improved, the cross section of the first sealing ring is of a triangular structure, the cover plate and the second sleeve are better in sealing performance, and meanwhile, the cover plate is convenient to guide, the cover plate is prevented from being installed and needs to be repositioned when being detached, and the cover plate is more convenient to detach and install.

Specifically, the flow guide structure comprises a discharge valve and a flow guide sleeve, the flow guide sleeve with the bottom end of a hemispherical structure is fixed on the fixing frame, and the discharge valve is connected to the flow guide sleeve; the coal liquid process the packing layer on the column plate on the retainer plate is to the inside of particulate matters such as waste residue, tar in the coal liquid gathering at the packing layer, the bottom of water conservancy diversion cover makes for the hemispherical structure to accomodate the coal liquid more convenient, makes the coal liquid accomodate more conveniently.

Specifically, the three driving structures all comprise guide sleeves, slide rods, two limiting rods, fixed blocks, motors and screw rods, one fixed block is fixed on the second sleeve, the other two fixed blocks are fixed on the first sleeve, one guide sleeve is fixed on the first sleeve and corresponds to the fixed blocks on the second sleeve one by one, one guide sleeve is fixed on the first sleeve close to the guide sleeve, the other guide sleeve is fixed on the guide sleeve, the slide rods with oval cross sections are fixed on the fixed blocks and are in sliding connection with the guide sleeves corresponding to each other one by one, the side walls of the slide rods are provided with the limiting rods of symmetrically distributed semi-cylinder structures, the limiting rods are in sliding connection with the guide sleeves, the motors are fixed on the guide sleeves, and the screw rods are fixed on the motors, the screw rod penetrates through the guide sleeve and extends to the inside of the slide rod, the screw rod is rotatably connected with the guide sleeve, and the screw rod is in threaded connection with the slide rod; when the tower plates on the fixed ring in the inner part of the flow guide sleeve or the first sleeve need to be overhauled, the motor rotates, the motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod is in threaded connection with the slide rod, the screw rod drives the slide rod to slide in the guide sleeve, so that the slide rod drives the fixed block, the fixed block pushes the second sleeve or the first sleeve to expose the fixed ring, so that the tower plate or the packing layer on the fixed ring can be conveniently replaced, the packing layer can be more conveniently replaced, the cross section of the sliding rod is oval, simultaneously the half-cylinder structure on the slide bar the setting up of gag lever post makes the slide bar is in the inside of uide bushing slides more smoothly, has avoided installing first sleeve with need relocate during the second sleeve, has improved the quality and the efficiency of overhauing and maintaining greatly.

Specifically, the three sealing structures all comprise sealing grooves, second sealing rings and limiting frames, the limiting frames with trapezoidal cross sections are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the second sleeve and the two first sleeves, the second sealing rings with inverted-U-shaped cross sections are embedded into the limiting frames, the three second sealing rings are respectively abutted against the first sleeves and the flow guide sleeves, the three limiting frames are respectively abutted against the first sleeves and the flow guide sleeves, the sealing grooves with inverted-spindle-shaped cross sections for water sealing are arranged in the limiting frames, and the three water valves respectively penetrate through the two first sleeves and one second sleeve to be communicated with the three sealing grooves; when the separation tower is installed, the limiting frame on the second sleeve abuts against the second sealing ring, so that the second sealing ring abuts against one first sleeve adjacent to the second sleeve, the second sleeve and the first sleeve are sealed, the adjacent two first sleeves are abutted and sealed through the limiting frame and the second sealing ring, the first sleeve adjacent to the flow guide sleeve and the flow guide sleeve are abutted and sealed through the limiting frame and the second sealing ring, so that the sealing performance after maintenance of the separation tower is ensured, the cross section of the limiting frame is of a trapezoidal structure, the limiting frame is effectively prevented from being damaged in the installation process, the water valve is connected with the high-pressure water pipe, sealing water is added into the sealing groove, and the volume of the second sealing ring is increased under the action of pressure so that the sealing performance is better, meanwhile, the sealing condition after maintenance can be visually observed through leakage or not.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(3) According to the coal chemical industry separation tower, the sealing structures are arranged between the second sleeve and the first sleeve, between the first sleeve and the flow guide structure and between two adjacent first sleeves, so that the sealing performance of the separation tower is guaranteed after disassembly and maintenance, the positioning in the installation process is avoided by matching with the driving structure, and the using effect of the separation tower is improved.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal chemical industry separation tower according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the driving structure and the first sleeve shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion B shown in FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion C shown in fig. 3.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a fixing frame, 2, a driving structure, 21, a guide sleeve, 22, a sliding rod, 23, a limiting rod, 24, a fixing block, 25, a motor, 26, a screw rod, 3, a first sleeve, 4, a flow dividing structure, 41, a cover plate, 42, a feed valve, 43, a flow dividing protrusion, 44, a flow guiding channel, 45, a spray hole, 46, a first sealing ring, 5, a second sleeve, 6, a water valve, 7, a flow guiding structure, 71, a discharge valve, 72, a flow guiding sleeve, 8, a fixing ring, 9, a sealing structure, 91, a sealing groove, 92, a second sealing ring, 93 and a limiting frame.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the coal chemical industry separation tower provided by the invention comprises a fixed frame 1, three driving structures 2, two first sleeves 3, a flow dividing structure 4, a second sleeve 5, a water valve 6, a flow guiding structure 7, a fixed ring 8 and three sealing structures 9; the diversion structure 7 for containing and treating liquid coal is fixed at the top end of the fixing frame 1, two annular first sleeves 3 are arranged at the top end of the diversion structure 7, and the top end of one first sleeve 3 which is deviated from the most end part of the diversion structure 7 is connected with the second sleeve 5; the second sleeve 5 is connected with one adjacent first sleeve 3 through one driving structure 2, and the flow guide structure 7 is connected with one adjacent first sleeve 3 through the driving structure 2; and the two first sleeves 3 are connected through the other driving structure 2; the two adjacent first sleeves 3, the first sleeves 3 and the second sleeves 5, and the first sleeves 3 and the flow guide structures 7 thereof are sealed by the sealing structures 9, and the water valves 6 communicated with the sealing structures 9 are correspondingly arranged on the side walls of the second sleeves 5 and the two first sleeves 3 one by one; the three annular fixing rings 8 for fixing the tower plates are respectively arranged inside the two first sleeves 3 and the flow guide structure 7; the top end of the second sleeve 5 is provided with the flow dividing structure 4 for dividing the liquefied coal.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5, the flow dividing structure 4 of the coal chemical industry separation tower according to the present invention includes a cover plate 41, a feed valve 42, a flow dividing protrusion 43, a flow guide channel 44, a plurality of nozzle holes 45 and a first sealing ring 46, the cover plate 41 detachably connected is disposed at one end of the second sleeve 5 away from the first sleeve 3, the first sealing ring 46 having a triangular cross section and used for sealing is engaged with the cover plate 41 in the circumferential direction, the first sealing ring 46 is abutted against the second sleeve 5, the flow guide channel 44 is disposed inside the cover plate 41, the nozzle holes 45 uniformly distributed are communicated with the flow guide channel 44, the flow dividing protrusion 43 having a hemispherical structure is disposed at the central axis of the flow guide channel 44, and the feed valve 42 is fixed to the cover plate 41 and extends to the flow dividing protrusion 43; the conveying pipeline of the liquid coal liquid is connected with the feeding valve 42, the switch of the feeding valve 42 is opened, the coal liquid is impacted on the flow dividing protrusion 43 through the feeding valve 42, the coal liquid uniformly enters the flow guide channel 44 and then passes through the spray holes 45 to be uniformly sprayed out, so that the coal liquid enters the packing layer more uniformly, the separation quality is greatly improved, the cross section of the first sealing ring 46 is of a triangular structure, the sealing performance between the cover plate 41 and the second sleeve 5 is better, meanwhile, the cover plate 41 is convenient to guide, the cover plate 41 is prevented from being installed, the cover plate 41 needs to be repositioned, and the cover plate 41 is more convenient to detach and install.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in the coal chemical separation tower of the present invention, the flow guide structure 7 includes a discharge valve 71 and a flow guide sleeve 72, the flow guide sleeve 72 having a hemispherical bottom end is fixed to the fixing frame 1, and the discharge valve 71 is connected to the flow guide sleeve 72; the coal liquid process the packing layer on the column plate on the retainer plate 8 is to the inside of particulate matter gathering such as waste residue, tar in the coal liquid at the packing layer, it is more convenient that the coal liquid is accomodate for the hemispherical structure messenger to the bottom of water conservancy diversion cover 72, makes the coal liquid accomodate more conveniently.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, in the coal chemical separation tower according to the present invention, each of the three driving structures 2 includes a guide sleeve 21, a slide rod 22, two limiting rods 23, fixing blocks 24, a motor 25 and a screw rod 26, one of the fixing blocks 24 is fixed to the second sleeve 5, the other two of the fixing blocks 24 are fixed to the first sleeve 3, one of the guide sleeves 21 is fixed to the first sleeve 3 and corresponds to the fixing block 24 on the second sleeve 5, one of the guide sleeves 21 is fixed to the first sleeve 3 close to the guide sleeve 72, the other guide sleeve 21 is fixed to the guide sleeve 72, the slide rod 22 having an elliptical cross section is fixed to the fixing block 24 and slidably connected to the guide sleeve 21 corresponding to one by one, the side walls of the slide rod 22 are provided with the limiting rods 23 having a symmetric distribution of semi-cylindrical structures, the limiting rod 23 is connected with the guide sleeve 21 in a sliding manner, the motor 25 is fixed on the guide sleeve 21, the lead screw 26 is fixed on the motor 25, the lead screw 26 penetrates through the guide sleeve 21 and extends to the inside of the sliding rod 22, the lead screw 26 is connected with the guide sleeve 21 in a rotating manner, and the lead screw 26 is connected with the sliding rod 22 in a threaded manner; when the guide sleeve 72 or the tower plate on the fixed ring 8 in the first sleeve 3 needs to be overhauled, the motor 25 rotates, the motor 25 drives the screw rod 26 to rotate, the screw rod 26 is in threaded connection with the slide rod 22, the slide rod 22 is driven by the screw rod 26 to slide in the guide sleeve 21, the slide rod 22 drives the fixed block 24, the fixed block 24 pushes the second sleeve 5 or the first sleeve 3, the fixed ring 8 is exposed, the tower plate or the filler layer on the fixed ring 8 is convenient to replace, the filler layer is more convenient to replace, the cross section of the slide rod 22 is oval, the limit rod 23 of the semi-cylindrical structure on the slide rod 22 enables the slide rod 22 to slide more smoothly in the guide sleeve 21, and the need of repositioning when the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 5 are installed is avoided, the quality and the efficiency of maintenance are greatly improved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, in the coal chemical industry separation tower of the present invention, three sealing structures 9 each include a sealing groove 91, a second sealing ring 92 and a limiting frame 93, the three limiting frames 93 with trapezoidal cross sections are respectively disposed at the bottom ends of the second sleeve 5 and the two first sleeves 3, the second sealing ring 92 with a cross section shaped like a Chinese character 'ji' is embedded in the limiting frame 93, the three second sealing rings 92 respectively abut against the first sleeves 3 and the guide sleeves 72, the three limiting frames 93 respectively abut against the first sleeves 3 and the guide sleeves 72, the sealing grooves 91 with the cross sections in the inverted spindle shapes and used for water sealing are formed in the limiting frame 93, and the three water valves 6 penetrate through the two first sleeves 3 and the second sleeve 5 respectively and are communicated with the three sealing grooves 91; when the separation tower is installed, the limiting frame 93 on the second sleeve 5 abuts against the second sealing ring 92, so that the second sealing ring 92 abuts against one first sleeve 3 adjacent to the second sleeve 5, the second sleeve 5 and the first sleeve 3 are sealed, two adjacent first sleeves 3 are abutted and sealed through the limiting frame 93 matching with the second sealing ring 92, the first sleeve 3 adjacent to the flow guide sleeve 72 and the flow guide sleeve 72 are abutted and sealed through the limiting frame 93 matching with the second sealing ring 92, and therefore the sealing performance after the maintenance and repair of the separation tower is guaranteed, the cross section of the limiting frame 93 is of a trapezoid structure, the limiting frame 93 is effectively prevented from being damaged in the installation process, the water valve 6 is connected with a high-pressure water pipe, and sealing water is added into the sealing groove 91, the volume of the second sealing ring 92 is increased under the action of pressure, so that the sealing performance is better, and meanwhile, the sealing condition after maintenance can be visually observed through the leakage or not.

Firstly, a driving structure 2 is powered on, a second sleeve 5 and a first sleeve 3 are driven to be separated through the driving structure 2, a tower plate is installed on a circular fixing ring 8 in the first sleeve 3, then a packing layer is filled on the tower plate, the driving structure 2 drives the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 5 to be sealed through a sealing structure 9, two adjacent first sleeves 3 are sealed through the sealing structure 9, the first sleeves 3 and a flow guide structure 7 are sealed through the sealing structure 9, liquid coal gas is introduced from a flow distribution structure 4, particles such as tar and dust in the liquid coal are adsorbed through a filling layer on the tower plate, and then the separated liquid coal gas is discharged and stored through the flow guide structure 7; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) a liquid coal liquid conveying pipeline is connected with a feed valve 42, a switch of the feed valve 42 is opened, the coal liquid impacts a flow dividing protrusion 43 from the feed valve 42, the coal liquid uniformly enters the inside of a flow guide channel 44 and is uniformly sprayed out through a spray hole 45, so that the coal liquid enters a packing layer more uniformly, the separation quality is greatly improved, the cross section of a first sealing ring 46 is of a triangular structure, the sealing performance between a cover plate 41 and a second sleeve 5 is better, the guide of the cover plate 41 is facilitated, the need of repositioning when the cover plate 41 is installed is avoided, and the cover plate 41 is more convenient to disassemble and install; the packing layer on the column plate on the retainer plate 8 of coal liquid is to the inside of particulate matters gathering such as waste residue, tar in the coal liquid at the packing layer, and it is more convenient that the coal liquid is accomodate for the hemispherical structure messenger to the bottom of water conservancy diversion cover 72, makes the coal liquid accomodate more conveniently.

(2) When the tower plate on the retaining ring 8 in the inner part of the guide sleeve 72 or the first sleeve 3 needs to be overhauled, the motor 25 rotates, the motor 25 drives the screw rod 26 to rotate, the screw rod 26 is in threaded connection with the slide rod 22, the slide rod 26 drives the slide rod 22 to slide in the inner part of the guide sleeve 21, the slide rod 22 drives the fixing block 24, the fixing block 24 pushes the second sleeve 5 or the first sleeve 3, the retaining ring 8 is exposed, the tower plate or the packing layer on the retaining ring 8 is convenient to replace, the packing layer is more convenient to replace, the cross section of the slide rod 22 is oval, meanwhile, the limiting rod 23 of the semi-cylindrical structure on the slide rod 22 is arranged to enable the slide rod 22 to slide in the inner part of the guide sleeve 21 more smoothly, the need of repositioning when the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 5 are installed is avoided.

(3) When the separation tower is installed, the limit frame 93 on the second sleeve 5 props against the second sealing ring 92, so that the second sealing ring 92 props against one first sleeve 3 adjacent to the second sleeve 5, the second sleeve 5 and the first sleeve 3 are sealed, the adjacent two first sleeves 3 are in propping seal by matching the limit frame 93 with the second sealing ring 92, the first sleeve 3 adjacent to the flow guide sleeve 72 is in contact sealing with the flow guide sleeve 72 through a limit frame 93 matching with a second seal ring 92, thereby guaranteed the leakproofness of knockout tower after overhauing the maintenance, the cross section of spacing frame 93 is the trapezium structure, prevents effectively that spacing frame 93 from damaging in the installation, connects high-pressure water pipe with water valve 6, and toward the inside of seal groove 91 adds sealed water, second sealing washer 92 volume under the pressure effect enlarges and makes the leakproofness better, is convenient for simultaneously through the sealed condition after the visual observation of weeping overhauls.

The driving structure 2 is matched with the arrangement of the annular first sleeve 3, so that the packing layers on the tower plates on the fixed rings 8 in the first sleeve 3 and the flow guide structure 7 can be conveniently replaced, the packing layers on the tower plates at different positions can be disassembled and replaced, and the equipment is more convenient and faster to overhaul and maintain; between second sleeve 5 and first sleeve 3, between first sleeve 3 and the water conservancy diversion structure 7 and between two adjacent first sleeves 3 seal through seal structure 9, guaranteed the leakproofness of knockout tower after dismantling the maintenance, and the location in the installation has been avoided in cooperation drive structure 2's use, has improved the result of use of knockout tower.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the embodiments and descriptions given above are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A coal chemical industry knockout tower which characterized in that: the device comprises a fixed frame (1), three driving structures (2), two first sleeves (3), a flow dividing structure (4), a second sleeve (5), a water valve (6), a flow guiding structure (7), a fixed ring (8) and three sealing structures (9); the flow guide structure (7) for containing and treating liquid coal is fixed at the top end of the fixing frame (1), two annular first sleeves (3) are arranged at the top end of the flow guide structure (7), and the top end of one first sleeve (3) which is far away from the most end part of the flow guide structure (7) is connected with the second sleeve (5); the second sleeve (5) is connected with one adjacent first sleeve (3) through one driving structure (2), and the flow guide structure (7) is connected with one adjacent first sleeve (3) through the driving structure (2); the two first sleeves (3) are connected through the other driving structure (2); the adjacent two first sleeves (3), the first sleeves (3) and the second sleeves (5) and the first sleeves (3) and the flow guide structures (7) are sealed through the sealing structures (9), and the water valves (6) communicated with the sealing structures (9) are correspondingly arranged on the side walls of the second sleeves (5) and the two first sleeves (3) one by one; the three annular fixing rings (8) for fixing the tower plates are respectively arranged inside the two first sleeves (3) and the flow guide structure (7); the top end of the second sleeve (5) is provided with the flow dividing structure (4) for dividing the liquefied coal;

the flow guide structure (7) comprises a discharge valve (71) and a flow guide sleeve (72), the flow guide sleeve (72) with the bottom end of a hemispherical structure is fixed on the fixed frame (1), and the discharge valve (71) is connected with the flow guide sleeve (72);

the three driving structures (2) respectively comprise guide sleeves (21), sliding rods (22), two limiting rods (23), fixing blocks (24), motors (25) and screw rods (26), one fixing block (24) is fixed on the second sleeve (5), the other two fixing blocks (24) are fixed on the first sleeve (3), one guide sleeve (21) is fixed on the first sleeve (3) and the fixing blocks (24) on the second sleeve (5) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, one guide sleeve (21) is fixed on the first sleeve (3) close to the flow guide sleeve (72), the other guide sleeve (21) is fixed on the flow guide sleeve (72), the sliding rods (22) with oval cross sections are fixed on the fixing blocks (24) and are in sliding connection with the corresponding guide sleeves (21), the limiting rods (23) of a symmetrical distribution semi-cylindrical structure are arranged on the side walls of the sliding rods (22), the limiting rod (23) is connected with the guide sleeve (21) in a sliding mode, the motor (25) is fixed to the guide sleeve (21), the lead screw (26) is fixed to the motor (25), the lead screw (26) penetrates through the guide sleeve (21) and extends to the inside of the sliding rod (22), the lead screw (26) is connected with the guide sleeve (21) in a rotating mode, and the lead screw (26) is connected with the sliding rod (22) in a threaded mode;

the three sealing structures (9) respectively comprise a sealing groove (91), second sealing rings (92) and limiting frames (93), the limiting frames (93) with the three cross sections of the trapezoidal structures are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the second sleeve (5) and the two first sleeves (3), the second sealing rings (92) with the cross sections of the trapezoidal structures are embedded into the limiting frames (93), the three second sealing rings (92) respectively abut against the first sleeves (3) and the flow guide sleeve (72), and the three limiting frames (93) respectively abut against the first sleeves (3) and the flow guide sleeve (72), and the inside of spacing frame (93) is equipped with the cross section for falling spindle shape be used for the water seal groove (91), three water valve (6) run through respectively in two first sleeve (3) and one second sleeve (5) and three seal groove (91) switch on.

2. The coal chemical industry knockout tower of claim 1, wherein: the flow dividing structure (4) comprises a cover plate (41), a feed valve (42), a flow dividing bulge (43), a flow guide channel (44), a plurality of spray holes (45) and a first sealing ring (46), one end of the second sleeve (5) departing from the first sleeve (3) is provided with the cover plate (41) which is detachably connected, the first sealing ring (46) with a triangular cross section for sealing is clamped on the cover plate (41) in the circumferential direction, the first sealing ring (46) is abutted against the second sleeve (5), a flow guide channel (44) is arranged in the cover plate (41), the uniformly distributed spray holes (45) are communicated with the flow guide channel (44), the central axis of the flow guide channel (44) is provided with the flow distribution bulge (43) with a hemispherical structure, the feeding valve (42) is fixed on the cover plate (41) and extends to the flow dividing protrusion (43).