CN109019323B - Wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting rail gnawing of travelling crane - Google Patents
Wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting rail gnawing of travelling crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN109019323B CN109019323B CN201810753659.2A CN201810753659A CN109019323B CN 109019323 B CN109019323 B CN 109019323B CN 201810753659 A CN201810753659 A CN 201810753659A CN 109019323 B CN109019323 B CN 109019323B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C9/00—Travelling gear incorporated in or fitted to trolleys or cranes
- B66C9/16—Travelling gear incorporated in or fitted to trolleys or cranes with means for maintaining alignment between wheels and track
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- Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting rail gnawing during driving, which is characterized in that two datum lines are arranged on a driving use site to adjust the position of an angular bearing box, the center points of wheels are connected into a rectangle, the side length difference of two non-adjacent sides and the difference of two diagonals are calculated by measuring the side lengths and the diagonals of four sides of the rectangle, and the relative positions of a positioning plate and the angular bearing box are adjusted according to corresponding results, so that the wheel pitch, the span and the diagonals of the wheels meet the mounting requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of equipment maintenance in the metallurgical industry, in particular to a wheel positioning and mounting method for rail gnawing of a travelling crane on a use site.
Background
The travelling crane is an indispensable transfer tool for steel plants, large-scale metallurgical enterprises and the like. When the travelling crane runs, the wheels of the cart or the trolley run askew due to the influence of certain factors. When the wheel runs, the gap between the inner side of the wheel rim and the side surface of the track is changed continuously, so that the wheel rim is contacted with the side surface of the track, the abrasion and even the blocking of the wheel rim and the track are caused, and the phenomenon is called rail gnawing. Due to the difference of the use environment, the use frequency and the use time, the rail gnawing phenomenon of different degrees can occur in part of traveling vehicles. The existence of the rail gnawing phenomenon can aggravate the abrasion of the running rail, shorten the service life of the wheel set, increase the running resistance of a transmission mechanism, damage the structure of a factory building, and cause the accidents of wheel locking or rail crossing when the rail gnawing is serious, thereby not only influencing the production, but also threatening the safety of personnel.
The reasons for causing the travelling wheel to gnaw the rail are complex, and the more reasons appear in the actual work are as follows: 1. the mounting quality of the track is poor, such as the out-of-tolerance of the gauge, the elevation, the horizontal curvature and the parallelism of the track; 2. the matching of the wheels and the rails is not proper, and the matching clearance between the wheel rims and the side surfaces of the rails is too small, so that the rail gnawing is easy to occur; 3. the diameter error of the driving wheels is caused, and the abrasion degrees of the two driving wheels are different, so that the abrasion difference of the diameters of treads of the wheels is increased, the linear speeds of the two driving wheels are different, and the rail gnawing during the running can also be caused; 4. the mounting size of the wheels of the transmission system is out of tolerance, the horizontal position of the wheels is deviated, the relative position of the wheels is out of tolerance and the like; 5. the structural deformation of the vehicle body, the deformation of the frame structure due to some reasons (such as long-term overload, external force impact and metal fatigue) causes the change of the diagonal line of the bridge, and the change of the mounting dimension of the wheels, such as the span, horizontal bending, horizontal deflection, diagonal line and other dimensions of the wheels, causes the rail gnawing during the running of the vehicle.
Corresponding measures are required to solve the above situation. If the adjustable track of track installation discrepancy takes place, if the improper removable track of the selection match of wheel and track takes place, if take place the removable bearing of bearing damage, if take place the removable wheel of wheel footpath error. If the installation size of a single wheel is out of tolerance, the reason of the wheel deflection can be determined firstly, the horizontal deflection value and the vertical deflection value of the wheel are measured, and then the corresponding wheel alignment is carried out by adjusting the thickness of the positioning plate according to the specific reason; if the deformation of the frame causes the change of the installation position and the positioning size of the wheel set, and the relative position of the wheels deviates, the wheels are difficult to be aligned by singly aligning the deviation in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, and the wheels need to be repositioned and installed.
In a traveling crane manufacturer, generally, a template installation method is adopted to position and install a traveling crane wheel set, a frame is firstly laid flat, wheels are assembled, and the wheel track, span and horizontal height of the wheels are fixed on a platform; determining the thickness of the positioning plate according to the actually measured gaps between the end beam and the angular bearing box in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction; and then welding the positioning plate firmly, thereby completing the installation of the wheel. The wheel is adjusted on the maintenance site, the wheel gnawing rail is processed, the wheel is actually relocated and installed, and the maintenance site cannot have installation conditions and an installation platform of a manufacturer, so that construction needs to be carried out according to the actual conditions of the use site according to local conditions, and therefore the determination of the reference of the good wheel is particularly important. However, there is no method for determining the wheel reference effectively and quickly, so that the alignment operation process of the existing wheel set is complex and time-consuming, and the alignment effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting the rail gnawing of a travelling crane, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, no effective and quick method for determining wheel reference exists in a use field, so that the alignment operation process of the conventional wheel set is complex and time-consuming, and the alignment effect is poor.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting the rail gnawing of a travelling crane, which has the technical scheme that:
a wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting rail gnawing of a traveling crane comprises the following specific steps:
(1) respectively and fixedly installing a wire hanger at the front end and the rear end outside two end beams of the travelling crane, wherein the distance between the two wire hangers on the end beams on the same side is equal to the wheel track of the travelling crane, and respectively and fixedly installing a wire pulling frame in front of the wire hanger at the front end and behind the wire hanger at the rear end;
(2) an angular bearing box is hung on an end beam of the travelling crane, and a positioning plate is arranged between the end beam of the travelling crane and the angular bearing box;
(3) connecting the four stay wire frames in a direction vertical to the end beam by using steel wires to form two mutually parallel datum lines with the height equal to the wheel center height of the travelling crane, wherein the distance between the two datum lines is equal to the wheel track of the travelling crane;
(4) detecting whether the position of the axis of the angular bearing box coincides with the position of the datum line by using an external caliper, and adjusting and fixing the thickness of a positioning plate of the angular bearing box in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction according to the position result so as to enable the axis of the angular bearing box of two wheels on the same main beam of the travelling crane to coincide, the axis of the two wheels on the same main beam of the travelling crane to coincide respectively, and the horizontal lines of the two wheels on the same end beam of the travelling crane to coincide;
(5) respectively hanging a perpendicular line above four wheels of the travelling crane by using four hanging line frames on the end beam, wherein each perpendicular line and the corresponding datum line are intersected at the center of the wheel of the travelling crane, connecting the four perpendicular lines at the same height to form a rectangle, measuring the side length and the diagonal line of four edges of the rectangle, calculating the difference value of the side length of two non-adjacent edges of the rectangle and the difference value of two diagonal lines, and adjusting the relative positions of a positioning plate of the travelling crane and the angular bearing box according to the obtained result so as to enable the wheel track, the span and the diagonal line of the wheel to meet the installation requirement;
(6) firmly welding the positioning plate;
(7) and mounting the assembled wheel.
Preferably, in the wheel alignment and installation method for correction of gnawing rail described above, the diameter of the steel wire is Ø 0.5.5 mm.
Preferably, in the wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting rail gnawing, the four perpendicular lines and the two reference lines intersect at four centers of the four wheels.
The wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting the rail gnawing of the travelling crane has the advantages that two datum lines are arranged on the site of use of the travelling crane to adjust the position of the angular bearing box, the center points of the wheels are connected into a rectangle, the side length difference of two non-adjacent sides and the difference of two diagonals are calculated by measuring the side lengths and the diagonals of four sides of the rectangle, and the relative positions of the positioning plate and the angular bearing box are adjusted according to corresponding results, so that the wheel distance, the span and the diagonal size of the center point of the wheel meet the mounting requirements.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention for single wheel alignment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top structural view of a hanger and a wire holder for wheel set correction according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top structural view of a vertical line hung above a wheel for correcting a wheel set according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a rectangular side length and diagonal measurement for wheel set correction according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Before the wheels are adjusted, other factors which can cause the travelling crane to gnaw the rail are processed, such as adjusting a pressing plate screw of the rail to improve the rail gauge error of the guide rail, repairing a deformed bridge frame by a flame correction method, replacing a worn bearing, replacing a motor to enable the rotating speeds of the motors on two sides to be consistent and the like, and then the wheels are processed.
If the installation size of a single wheel is out of tolerance, the wheel is determined to be deviated in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, and corresponding measures are taken to adjust the wheel for different reasons, as shown in figure 1. The center line of the wheel can be adjusted from 2 to 3 by the method shown in fig. 1, a plumb bob 7 is pulled by a thin steel wire 6 in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction of the wheel 4 with the deflection, the vertical distance a from the upper rim center of the wheel 4 to the plumb bob 7 and the vertical distance b from the lower rim center of the wheel 4 to the plumb bob 7 are measured, the deflection amount S = (a-b)/2 of the wheel is calculated, the center distance d between the wheel 4 and the angular bearing housing 1, the deviation value c between the wheel 4 and the track and the radius r of the wheel 4 are measured for correcting the deflection, and the corresponding positioning plate 5 welded on the end beam is removed, and the purpose of adjusting the wheel 4 is achieved by increasing or decreasing the thickness of the positioning plate 5, wherein the adjustment amount e = dc/r of the positioning plate 5.
As shown in fig. 2-4, if the mounting position and the positioning size of the wheel set are changed due to the deformation of the frame, the relative position of the wheels is deviated, and if the deviation in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction is singly adjusted, the wheels are difficult to be adjusted, and comprehensive treatment needs to be performed for the real reason causing the wheel deviation. Firstly, a deformed frame is processed, a track of a travelling beam is used as an installation platform in the air, the elevations of two end beams are measured by a level gauge, four corner points of the two end beams are adjusted by using a jack to cushion the frame, and then four wheels in the whole transmission system are positioned and installed. The invention relates to a method for adjusting wheel reference in field maintenance, which is a stay wire centering method, and adopts the principle that two axial leads of two groups of wheels are taken as reference lines, the two reference lines are parallel to each other, and the distance between the two reference lines is equal to the wheel track; and then connecting the central points of the four wheels into a rectangle, calculating the difference value of the side lengths of two non-adjacent sides of the rectangle and the difference value of two diagonal lines, and correspondingly adjusting the travelling crane according to the calculation result. The invention discloses a wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting the gnawing of a traveling crane, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of wire racks 9 are fixedly mounted at the front end and the rear end of the outer sides of two end beams where wheels 4 of the traveling crane are located, the number of the wire racks 9 is four, namely, the wire rack 91, the wire rack 92, the wire rack 93 and the wire rack 94, the distance between the two wire racks 9 on the end beams on the same side is equal to the wheel track of the traveling crane, a plurality of wire racks 8 are fixedly mounted at the front end of the wire rack 91 and the rear end of the wire rack 92, the front end of the wire rack 93 and the rear end of the wire rack 94, and the number of the wire racks 8 is four, namely, the wire racks 81, 82, the wire racks 83 and the wire racks 84;
(2) an angular bearing box is hung on an end beam of the travelling crane, and a positioning plate is arranged between the end beam of the travelling crane and the angular bearing box;
(3) connecting the four wire frames in a direction perpendicular to the end beam by using steel wires with the diameter of Ø 0.5.5 mm to form two parallel datum lines with the height equal to the height of the center of the wheel of the travelling crane, wherein the distance between the two datum lines is equal to the wheel track of the travelling crane;
(4) detecting whether the position of the axis of the angular bearing box is coincident with the position of the datum line by using an external caliper, and the thickness of the positioning plate in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction for fixing the angular bearing housing is adjusted according to the position result, so that the axial leads of the angular bearing boxes of the two wheels 4 on the same main beam of the travelling crane are superposed, the axial leads of the two wheels 4 on the same main beam of the travelling crane are respectively superposed, the horizontal lines of the two wheels 4 on the same end beam of the travelling crane are superposed, if the result shows that the axial lead of the angular bearing box is not superposed with the datum line, the angular bearing box is not positioned, the thickness of the positioning plate in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction for fixing the angular bearing box can be adjusted by a similar triangle method, so that the axial leads of the angular bearing boxes of the two wheels at the front end and the rear end of the bicycle are respectively superposed;
(5) as shown in fig. 3, four wire hangers 9 on the end beam 10 respectively hang a vertical line above four wheels 4 of the traveling crane, each vertical line intersects with the corresponding reference line at the center of the wheel 4 of the traveling crane, as shown in fig. 4, the four vertical lines are connected into a rectangle at the same height, the side lengths and the diagonal lines of the four sides of the rectangle are measured, the difference value of the side lengths of the two non-adjacent sides of the rectangle and the difference value of the two diagonal lines are calculated, and the relative positions of the positioning plate of the traveling crane and the angular bearing box are adjusted according to the obtained result, and the measurement result may show one of the following four conditions:
①|a1-a2|≤2mm,|b1-b2|≤4mm,|l1-l2|≤5mm;
②|a1-a2|≥2mm,|b1-b2|≤4mm,|l1-l2|≤5mm;
③|a1- a2|≤2mm,|b1-b2|≥4mm,|l1-l2|≤5mm;
④|a1- a2|≤2mm,|b1-b2|≤4mm,|l1-l2|≥5mm;
when the measurement result is ①, the wheel track, span and diagonal length difference of the wheel set is qualified, if the measurement result is ②③④, the wheel track, span or diagonal length difference of the wheel set is not in the qualified range, the wheel set needs to be adjusted, if the situation is ② | a1-a2|≥2mm,|b1-b2|≤4mm,|l1-l2If | is less than or equal to 5mm, it means that the center of the wheel at the upper left corner in fig. 4 has a deviation, and the wheel needs to move toward the axle center of the two wheels, so that the deviation is within the range. Similarly, the sizes of the angular bearing box in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction need to be correspondingly moved in other directions until the deviation is within the range. Before adjusting the wheel, the end beam is jacked up by a jack to suspend the wheel, and then the fastening bolt of the wheel is loosened to adjust. The gasket can be added in the groove of the angular bearing box by slight adjustment; and (3) greatly adjusting, namely increasing or decreasing the thickness of the positioning plate in the vertical direction if the horizontal deflection is adjusted, and increasing or decreasing the thickness of the positioning plate in the horizontal direction if the vertical deflection is adjusted. When adjusting span and diagonal, one wheel should be usedThe four plates are all leveled, and the positioning plates are welded on the bent plates of the end beams after being adjusted. When the required adjustment amount is large, the positioning plate is shoveled, and a gasket is added between the positioning plate and the end beam bent plate for adjustment, so that the wheel track, the span and the diagonal of the wheel meet the installation requirements;
(6) firmly welding the positioning plate;
(7) and mounting the assembled wheel.
In conclusion, the invention sets two datum lines on a driving use site to adjust the position of the angular bearing box, connects the center points of the wheels into a rectangle, calculates the difference value of the side lengths of two non-adjacent sides and the difference value of two diagonal lines by measuring the side lengths and the diagonal lines of four sides of the rectangle, and adjusts the relative positions of the positioning plate and the angular bearing box according to corresponding results, so that the wheel distance, the span and the diagonal line of the center point of the wheel meet the installation requirements.
The wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting the travelling gnawing rail is used for correcting the gnawing rail of a cart, the wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting the travelling gnawing rail can also be used for correcting the gnawing rail of a trolley, the principle is the same, and related operations are changed into operations aiming at the trolley in practical application.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (1)
1. A wheel positioning and mounting method for correcting rail gnawing of a traveling crane is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) before adjusting the wheels, processing other factors which can cause the travelling crane to gnaw the rail, adjusting a pressing plate screw of the rail to improve the rail gauge error of the guide rail, repairing a deformed bridge frame by a flame correction method, replacing a worn bearing, replacing a motor to enable the rotating speeds of the motors on two sides to be consistent, then processing the wheels, respectively and fixedly installing a line hanger at the front end and the rear end of the outer sides of two end beams of the travelling crane, wherein the distance between two line hangers on the end beams on the same side is equal to the wheel gauge of the travelling crane, and respectively and fixedly installing a line pulling frame at the front end and the rear end of the line hanger at the rear end;
(2) an angular bearing box is hung on an end beam of the travelling crane, and a positioning plate is arranged between the end beam of the travelling crane and the angular bearing box;
(3) connecting the four stay wire frames in a direction vertical to the end beam by using steel wires to form two mutually parallel datum lines with the height equal to the wheel center height of the travelling crane, wherein the distance between the two datum lines is equal to the wheel track of the travelling crane;
the diameter of the steel wire is Ø 0.5.5 mm;
(4) detecting whether the position of the axis of the angular bearing box coincides with the position of the datum line by using an external caliper, and adjusting the thickness of a positioning plate fixed in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction of the angular bearing box according to the position result so as to enable the axes of the angular bearing boxes of two wheels on the same main beam of the travelling crane to coincide, the axes of the two wheels on the same main beam of the travelling crane to coincide respectively, and the horizontal lines of the two wheels on the same end beam of the travelling crane to coincide;
if the result shows that the axial lead of the angular bearing box is not coincident with the reference line, the angular bearing box is not positioned, and the thickness of a positioning plate fixed in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction of the angular bearing box is adjusted by a similar triangle method so as to enable the axial leads of the angular bearing boxes of the two wheels at the front end and the rear end of the bicycle to be respectively coincident;
(5) respectively hanging a perpendicular line above four wheels of the travelling crane by using four hanging line frames on the end beam, wherein each perpendicular line and the corresponding datum line are intersected at the center of the wheel of the travelling crane, connecting the four perpendicular lines at the same height to form a rectangle, measuring the side length and the diagonal line of four edges of the rectangle, calculating the difference value of the side length of two non-adjacent edges of the rectangle and the difference value of two diagonal lines, and adjusting the relative positions of a positioning plate of the travelling crane and the angular bearing box according to the obtained result so as to enable the wheel track, the span and the diagonal line of the wheel to meet the installation requirement;
the four vertical lines and the two reference lines are intersected at four centers of the four wheels;
(6) firmly welding the positioning plate;
(7) and mounting the assembled wheel.
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CN114524360A (en) * | 2022-03-13 | 2022-05-24 | 新疆德勤互力工业技术有限公司 | Processing method for running rail gnawing of wheel set of bridge crane |
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JPS60112586A (en) * | 1983-11-24 | 1985-06-19 | 株式会社東芝 | Travelling controller for moving machine |
CN2138786Y (en) * | 1992-09-22 | 1993-07-21 | 张树军 | Vertical measuring ruler for crane wheel |
CN103411430A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-11-27 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Sintering machine deflection measuring and adjusting method |
CN104692244A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 董新旺 | Crane anti-rail-gnawing device |
FI20165861A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2018-05-17 | Konecranes Global Oy | Track-lifting equipment and method for controlling it |
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