CN109014214B - Preparation method of HK30 material based on MIM molding and HK30 blade - Google Patents
Preparation method of HK30 material based on MIM molding and HK30 blade Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 hydrogenated titanium hydride Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021386 carbon form Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an HK30 material based on MIM molding, which comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing HK30 stainless steel powder and titanium powder to obtain HK30-Ti composite powder; (2) mixing the HK30-Ti composite powder obtained in the step (1) with a binder, then mixing, and granulating to obtain granular feed; (3) injecting the granular feed obtained in the step (2) on an injection molding machine to obtain an injection green body; (4) and (4) degreasing and vacuum sintering the injection green body obtained in the step (3) to obtain the HK30 material. The invention also provides an HK30 blade prepared by the HK30 material. According to the invention, Ti is added into the HK30 stainless steel powder, so that the sintering temperature is effectively increased, and the high-temperature mechanical property is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of powder metallurgy, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an HK30 material and an HK30 blade.
Background
HK30 belongs to high-chromium nickel austenitic stainless steel, and has been widely used in the fields of automobiles, chemical engineering, engineering machinery and the like due to its excellent corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance at high temperature. However, the austenitic stainless steel HK30 is seriously stuck when being processed, and the machining method is difficult to prepare small and medium-sized HK30 parts with complex shapes. The HK30 prepared by the metal injection molding method (MIM process) has the advantages of high material utilization rate, low cost, uniform structure and the like. However, in the MIM process, the two steps of adding the binder and degreasing easily cause the fluctuation of the carbon content of the final product, so that the sintering window is narrow, the product is easy to over-burn or under-burn, and the size fluctuation of the product is large. Generally, the standard deviation of the sample size at a sintering temperature of 1310 ℃ is greater than 0.04.
The related literature shows that HK30 has improved high-temperature bending strength with the increase of sintering temperature during sintering, but the problem of overburning and underburning is easy to occur during sintering due to the narrow sintering window, the sintering temperature is generally about 1310 ℃, and the high-temperature (800 ℃) tensile strength is about 420 MPa. Therefore, how to increase the sintering temperature to sinter the powder at a higher temperature and further obtain higher high-temperature mechanical properties is a hot research problem at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects and shortcomings in the background technology and providing a preparation method of HK30 material based on MIM molding and HK30 blades, wherein the HK30 material prepared by the preparation method has excellent high-temperature mechanical property and the obtained product has high yield. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of HK30 material based on MIM molding comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing HK30 stainless steel powder and titanium powder to obtain HK30-Ti composite powder;
(2) mixing the HK30-Ti composite powder obtained in the step (1) with a binder, then mixing, and granulating to obtain granular feed;
(3) injecting the granular feed obtained in the step (2) on an injection molding machine to obtain an injection green body;
(4) and (4) degreasing and vacuum sintering the injection green body obtained in the step (3) to obtain the HK30 material.
In the above preparation method, preferably, the titanium powder is hydrogenated dehydrotitanium powder, and the amount of the hydrogenated dehydrotitanium powder is 0.4-1.2% of the total amount of the HK30-Ti composite powder.
In the above manufacturing method, preferably, the components of the HK30 stainless steel powder include the following components: 0.25-0.35% of C, 23-27% of Cr, 19-22% of Ni, 1.2-1.5% of Nb, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; the hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium powder comprises the following components: 0.005% of C, 0.16% of O, 0.04% of Fe, 0.021% of N and the balance of titanium.
In the above manufacturing method, preferably, the HK30 stainless steel powder has a median particle size of 20 μm, and the hydrogenated titanium dehydrogenated powder has a median particle size of 17 μm.
In the above preparation method, it is preferable that the HK30-Ti composite powder is mixed with the binder in an amount of 57% of the loading amount of the HK30-Ti composite powder.
In the above production method, in the step (2), the kneading temperature is preferably 155 ℃ and the kneading time is preferably 180 min.
In the above preparation method, preferably, in the step (3), the injection temperature is 120-165 ℃, the injection pressure is 60-120MPa, and the mold temperature is 30-60 ℃ during injection molding.
In the above preparation method, the degreasing preferably includes: firstly, placing the injection green body in a dichloromethane solvent, and dissolving paraffin and vegetable oil components in the injection green body; and then putting the dried injection green body into a vacuum degreasing furnace, heating to 180 ℃ at a speed of 4 ℃/min under the protection of argon, preserving heat for 180min, heating to 350 ℃ at a speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 180min, and removing residual organic matters in the blank.
In the preparation method, preferably, during the vacuum sintering, the sintering temperature is controlled to be 1310-1350 ℃, and the furnace is cooled after the temperature is kept for 6 hours.
As a general technical concept, the invention also provides an HK30 blade, and the HK30 blade is prepared from the HK30 material obtained by the preparation method.
The invention takes HK30 stainless steel powder as a basic raw material, mixes Ti powder (cheap hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium powder is adopted as the Ti powder) with different proportions by a dry mixing method, and prepares the HK30 material by an injection molding technology. During the sintering process of HK30, in order to obtain higher mechanical properties, the sintering temperature needs to be increased as much as possible so as to increase the sintering compactness. However, excessive sintering temperatures may produce a liquid phase, which may provide rapid diffusion paths and capillary forces for rapid densification. However, when the liquid phase is too much, it may cause uneven shrinkage or even collapse of the part, which is more serious especially when the part (vane) of complicated shape has a cantilever portion. According to the invention, Ti and carbon form relatively stable carbide in the sintering process by adding Ti, so that the content of carbon combined with Fe is reduced, the occurrence of liquid phase in the sintering process is delayed, the sintering temperature is effectively increased, and the high-temperature mechanical property is further improved. Meanwhile, the addition of Ti stabilizes the fluctuation of C element in the matrix, widens the sintering window of the matrix, and can greatly improve the yield of the injection molding HK30 product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, Ti is added into the HK30 stainless steel powder, so that Ti and carbon form relatively stable carbide in the sintering process, the content of carbon combined with Fe is reduced, the occurrence of liquid phase in the sintering process is delayed, the sintering temperature is effectively increased, and the high-temperature mechanical property is improved.
2. In the invention, the addition of Ti stabilizes the fluctuation of C element in the matrix, widens the sintering window of the matrix, and can greatly improve the yield of the injection molded HK30 product.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a pictorial representation of the HK30 material prepared in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a physical diagram of HK30 leaf in example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1:
a preparation method of HK30 material based on MIM molding comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing HK30 stainless steel powder and hydrogenated titanium hydride powder for 5h by using a four-pot mixer to obtain HK30-Ti composite powder; wherein the median particle size of the HK30 stainless steel powder is 20 μm, and the median particle size of the hydrogenated titanium hydride powder is 17 μm; the dosage of the hydrogenated and dehydrogenated titanium powder accounts for 1.2 percent of the total amount of the HK30-Ti composite powder; the compositions of the HK30 stainless steel powder and titanium powder are shown in tables 1 and 2 below;
(2) mixing the HK30-Ti composite powder obtained in the step (1) with a binder, then mixing, and granulating to obtain granular feed; wherein the dosage of the binder is controlled to be 57 percent of the loading capacity of the HK30-Ti composite powder, the mixing temperature is 155 ℃, and the mixing time is 180 min;
(3) injecting the granular feed obtained in the step (2) on a 40-ton injection molding machine to obtain an injection green body; controlling the injection temperature to be 120-165 ℃, the injection pressure to be 60-120MPa and the mold temperature to be 30-60 ℃;
(4) putting the injection green body obtained in the step (3) into a dichloromethane solvent, and dissolving paraffin and vegetable oil components in the injection green body; then putting the dried blank into a vacuum degreasing furnace, heating to 180 ℃ at a speed of 4 ℃/min under the protection of argon, preserving heat for 180min, heating to 350 ℃ at a speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 180min, and removing residual organic matters in the blank;
(5) and (3) putting the degreased green body into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering, heating at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the sintering temperature at 1350 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after keeping the temperature for 6 hours to obtain the HK30 material in the embodiment.
Table 1: chemical composition of HK30 stainless steel powder
The HK30 material prepared in this example is shown in FIG. 1, and tested, its high temperature tensile strength (800 deg.C) is over 500MPa, and its relative density is 97.5%.
The HK30 blades processed by using the HK30 material prepared in the embodiment are shown in FIG. 2.
Example 2:
a preparation method of HK30 material based on MIM molding comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing HK30 stainless steel powder and hydrogenated titanium hydride powder for 5h by using a four-pot mixer to obtain HK30-Ti composite powder; wherein the median particle size of the HK30 stainless steel powder is 20 μm, and the median particle size of the hydrogenated titanium hydride powder is 17 μm; the dosage of the hydrogenated and dehydrogenated titanium powder accounts for 0.4 percent of the total amount of the HK30-Ti composite powder; the composition of the HK30 stainless steel powder and titanium powder was the same as in example 1;
(2) mixing the HK30-Ti composite powder obtained in the step (1) with a binder, then mixing, and granulating to obtain granular feed; wherein the dosage of the binder is controlled to be 57 percent of the loading capacity of the HK30-Ti composite powder, the mixing temperature is 155 ℃, and the mixing time is 180 min;
(3) injecting the granular feed obtained in the step (2) on a 40-ton injection molding machine to obtain an injection green body; controlling the injection temperature to be 120-165 ℃, the injection pressure to be 60-120MPa and the mold temperature to be 30-60 ℃;
(4) putting the injection green body obtained in the step (3) into a dichloromethane solvent, and dissolving paraffin and vegetable oil components in the injection green body; then putting the dried blank into a vacuum degreasing furnace, heating to 180 ℃ at a speed of 4 ℃/min under the protection of argon, preserving heat for 180min, heating to 350 ℃ at a speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 180min, and removing residual organic matters in the blank;
(5) and (3) putting the degreased green body into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering, heating at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the sintering temperature at 1350 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after keeping the temperature for 6 hours to obtain the HK30 material in the embodiment.
The HK30 material prepared in this example was tested to be excellent in high temperature tensile strength (800 ℃). The HK30 blade processed by the HK30 material prepared in the embodiment is subjected to a dimensional fluctuation test, wherein the dimensional fluctuation test method comprises the following steps: the width data of a single sintered sample is collected, and the standard deviation of each group of samples is obtained in a fitting mode, the collection number of each sample is 200, and the result shows that the standard deviation of the sample is about 0.01793 and is greatly improved compared with the standard deviation of the original HK30 blade of about 0.04.
Claims (5)
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| CN201811020109.6A CN109014214B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Preparation method of HK30 material based on MIM molding and HK30 blade |
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| CN201811020109.6A CN109014214B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Preparation method of HK30 material based on MIM molding and HK30 blade |
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| CN110014678A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-07-16 | 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 | Lens barrel moulding process |
| CN110527857B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-12-22 | 广西科技大学 | A kind of sintered titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN112756610B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-09-27 | 湖南英捷高科技有限责任公司 | Turbine blade for high-performance gasoline engine and preparation method thereof |
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