CN109014053A - A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup Download PDFInfo
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- CN109014053A CN109014053A CN201810861755.9A CN201810861755A CN109014053A CN 109014053 A CN109014053 A CN 109014053A CN 201810861755 A CN201810861755 A CN 201810861755A CN 109014053 A CN109014053 A CN 109014053A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- preparation
- cast iron
- chromium cast
- rich chromium
- tup
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of rich chromium cast iron tup, method includes the following steps: (1) is added raw materials into according to the composition proportion of rich chromium cast iron tup carries out melting in induction furnace, melting is to 1450-1480 DEG C；(2) it after raw material all melting, is cast in metal mold in 1350-1420 DEG C, it is cooling, obtain blank；(3) blank is quenched in 940-970 DEG C of heat preservation 2-6h, is then cooled to 580-640 DEG C with air-cooled mode and carries out tempering, then natural cooling.The preparation method improves high chromium cast iron material harden ability, hardenability, moreover, also improves the toughness of rich chromium cast iron tup, reduces brittle fracture tendency, improves the wearability and service life of rich chromium cast iron tup.The process conditions that the present invention only changes in casting solve the problems, such as to perplex tup performance, application value with higher for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting fields, and in particular, to a kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup.
Background technique
Tup is the key that accessory on hammer mill that the industries such as mine, building materials, electric power, metallurgy, chemical industry use, and
Vulnerable part.Because its broken object is the hard and crisp materials such as mine, rock, clinker so both having required camera lens wear-resisting
Property, and require the toughness having had.Common potassium steel tup, wears no resistance, service life is short.
Because hardness is high, tool has good wearability rich chromium cast iron, is for making the good material selection of tup.It is used as
When wear-resistant material high chromium cast iron material be because of harden ability with higher, hardenability and wearability, and it is preferable anti-oxidant and
Thermal fatigue properties, but its toughness is poor, is easy to happen brittle fracture.And different operating conditions proposes the performance of rich chromium cast iron
Different requirements is gone out, so taking corresponding heat treatment process to improve the pattern of carbide and distribution shape in rich chromium cast iron
State, and then the comprehensive mechanical property of rich chromium cast iron is improved, to obtain required rich chromium cast iron, and high cost performance is obtained, is
Urgent problem to be solved at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, which passes through specific technique
Condition improves high chromium cast iron material harden ability, hardenability, moreover, also improves the toughness of rich chromium cast iron tup, reduces
Brittle fracture tendency, improves the wearability and service life of rich chromium cast iron tup.The present invention only changes in casting
Process conditions solve the problems, such as to perplex tup performance, application value with higher for a long time.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, the preparation methods
The following steps are included:
(1) it is added raw materials into according to the composition proportion of rich chromium cast iron tup and carries out melting in induction furnace, melting to 1450-
1480℃；
(2) it after raw material all melting, is cast in metal mold in 1350-1420 DEG C, it is cooling, obtain blank；Wherein, metal
The temperature of type is at 150 DEG C or more；
(3) blank is quenched in 940-970 DEG C of heat preservation 2-6h, is then cooled to 580-640 DEG C with air-cooled mode
Tempering is carried out, then natural cooling.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, under pouring temperature of the invention, avoid shrinking excessive and scab, high temperature air quenching, in
The heat treatment of temperature tempering, obtains the matrix of high rigidity, aspect of performance improves high chromium cast iron material harden ability, hardenability, not only
In this way, also improving the toughness of rich chromium cast iron tup, brittle fracture tendency is reduced, the wearability of rich chromium cast iron tup is improved
And service life.The process conditions that the present invention only changes in casting solve perplexs asking for tup performance for a long time
Topic, application value with higher.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Specific embodiment
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments below.It should be understood that described herein specific
Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) it is added raw materials into according to the composition proportion of rich chromium cast iron tup and carries out melting in induction furnace, melting to 1450-
1480℃；
(2) it after raw material all melting, is cast in metal mold in 1350-1420 DEG C, it is cooling, obtain blank；Wherein, metal
The temperature of type is at 150 DEG C or more；
(3) blank is quenched in 940-970 DEG C of heat preservation 2-6h, is then cooled to 580-640 DEG C with air-cooled mode
Tempering is carried out, then natural cooling.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, under pouring temperature of the invention, avoid shrinking excessive and scab, high temperature air quenching, in
The heat treatment of temperature tempering, obtains the matrix of high rigidity, aspect of performance improves high chromium cast iron material harden ability, hardenability, not only
In this way, also improving the toughness of rich chromium cast iron tup, brittle fracture tendency is reduced, the wearability of rich chromium cast iron tup is improved
And service life.The process conditions that the present invention only changes in casting solve perplexs asking for tup performance for a long time
Topic, application value with higher.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, in a kind of preferred implementation of the invention
It in mode, is calculated in mass percent, the ingredient of the rich chromium cast iron tup includes C:2.6~2.8%；Si:0.4~0.8%；
Mn:0.5~1.0%；Cr:10~12%；Mo:2.2~2.6%；Cu:0.8~1.0%；S: < 0.05%；P: < 0.08%, it is remaining
Amount is Fe.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, avoid opening in quenching process medium casting
It splits, in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), before temperature rises to 940-970 DEG C, first by blank
It is successively respectively kept the temperature in 200 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 600 DEG C and stops 2-3h.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, avoid opening in quenching process medium casting
It splits, in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, in quenching process, heating rate is not more than 150 DEG C/h.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, in a kind of preferred implementation of the invention
In mode, when temperature rises to 700 DEG C, heating rate is 100-150 DEG C/h.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, it is impermeable to prevent quenching, of the invention a kind of
In preferred embodiment, when blank wall thickness is 6-20mm, the soaking time of quenching is 2-4h.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, it is impermeable to prevent quenching, of the invention a kind of
In preferred embodiment, when blank wall thickness is 20-60mm, the soaking time time of quenching is 4-6h.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, avoid cracking, of the invention a kind of excellent
In the embodiment of choosing, in blank quenching process, when temperature is at 700 DEG C or less, heating rate is not more than 50 DEG C/h.
It further include that deoxidation treatment is carried out to the molten iron of melting before casting in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention
The step of.For method of deoxidation, those skilled in the art can select in a wider range, such as commercially available deoxidier is added etc..?
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, before casting, in ladle plus 0.05% aluminium carries out deoxidation, is then poured.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, in a kind of preferred implementation of the invention
In mode, the soaking time of tempering is 4-8h.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) it is calculated in mass percent, ingredient includes C:2.6~2.8%；Si:0.4~0.8%；Mn:0.5~1.0%；
Cr:10~12%；Mo:2.2~2.6%；Cu:0.8~1.0%；S: < 0.05%；P: < 0.08%, surplus Fe, according to aforementioned
The low value of composition proportion add raw materials into and carry out melting in induction furnace, melting is to 1450 DEG C；
(2) chemical component for adjusting raw material carries out deoxidation, is cast in metal then at 1350 DEG C after raw material all melting
It is cooling in type, obtain blank；Wherein, the temperature of metal mold is at 150 DEG C；
(3) first blank is successively respectively kept the temperature in 200 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 600 DEG C and stops 2h, then by blank in 940 DEG C of heat preservation 2h
It is quenched, in lower than 700 DEG C temperature-rise periods, heating rate control is 50 DEG C/h；When 700 DEG C of heating, heating rate 100
℃/h；
(4) after quenching, 580 DEG C of heat preservation 4h is cooled to air-cooled mode and are tempered, then natural cooling.
It is detected through spectrum analysis, the ingredient of finished product tup is C:2.65%；Si:0.45%；Mn:0.61%；Cr:
10.85%；Mo:2.24%；Cu:0.83%；S:0.023；P:0.028, surplus Fe.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) it is calculated in mass percent, ingredient includes C:2.6~2.8%；Si:0.4~0.8%；Mn:0.5~1.0%；
Cr:10~12%；Mo:2.2~2.6%；Cu:0.8~1.0%；S: < 0.05%；P: < 0.08%, surplus Fe, according to aforementioned
The high level of composition proportion add raw materials into and carry out melting in induction furnace, melting is to 1480 DEG C；
(2) chemical component for adjusting raw material carries out deoxidation, is cast in metal then at 1420 DEG C after raw material all melting
It is cooling in type, obtain blank；Wherein, the temperature of metal mold is at 180 DEG C or more；
(3) first blank is successively respectively kept the temperature in 200 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 600 DEG C and stops 3h, then by blank in 970 DEG C of heat preservation 6h
It is quenched, in lower than 700 DEG C temperature-rise periods, heating rate control is 40 DEG C/h；When 700 DEG C of heating, heating rate 150
℃/h；
(4) after quenching, 640 DEG C of heat preservation 8h is cooled to air-cooled mode and are tempered, then natural cooling.
It is detected through spectrum analysis, the ingredient of finished product tup is C:2.75%；Si:0.73%；Mn:0.92%；Cr:
11.88%；Mo:2.56%；Cu:0.94%；S:0.02；P:0.02, surplus Fe.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) it is calculated in mass percent, ingredient includes C:2.6~2.8%；Si:0.4~0.8%；Mn:0.5~1.0%；
Cr:10~12%；Mo:2.2~2.6%；Cu:0.8~1.0%；S: < 0.05%；P: < 0.08%, surplus Fe, according to aforementioned
The median of composition proportion add raw materials into and carry out melting in induction furnace, melting is to 1465 DEG C；
(2) chemical component for adjusting raw material carries out deoxidation, is cast in metal then at 1470 DEG C after raw material all melting
It is cooling in type, obtain blank；Wherein, the temperature of metal mold is at 200 DEG C or more；
(3) first blank is successively respectively kept the temperature in 200 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 600 DEG C and stops 2.5h, then blank is kept the temperature in 955 DEG C
4h is quenched, and in lower than 700 DEG C temperature-rise periods, heating rate control is 30 DEG C/h；When 700 DEG C of heating, heating rate is
120℃/h；
(4) after quenching, 610 DEG C of heat preservation 6h is cooled to air-cooled mode and are tempered, then natural cooling.
It is detected through spectrum analysis, the ingredient of finished product tup is C:2.72%；Si:0.61%；Mn:0.75%；Cr:
11.86%；Mo:2.41%；Cu:0.92%；S:0.01；P:0.02, surplus Fe.
Detect example 1
It detects a flaw through appearance and PT, it is found that the rich chromium cast iron tup surface spikes in embodiment 1-3 are less, and flawless.
According to GB/T228.1-2010, GB/T229-2007 and GB/T 231.1-2009 standard, Gao Ge in embodiment is detected
The performance of cast iron, the tensile strength for the rich chromium cast iron that discovery embodiment 1-3 is obtained are 481-505MPa, elongation 1.1-
1.55%, HRC59-63, impact flexibility 20.5-21.4J/cm2Wherein, the performance of rich chromium cast iron obtained in embodiment 2 is most
It is excellent.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, this
A little simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case where shield, can be combined in any appropriate way, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can
No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, which is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) it is added raw materials into according to the composition proportion of rich chromium cast iron tup and carries out melting in induction furnace, melting to 1450-1480
℃；
(2) it after raw material all melting, is cast in metal mold in 1350-1420 DEG C, it is cooling, obtain blank；Wherein, metal mold
Temperature is at 150 DEG C or more；
(3) blank is quenched in 940-970 DEG C of heat preservation 2-6h, is then cooled to 580-640 DEG C with air-cooled mode and carries out
Tempering, then natural cooling.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, wherein be calculated in mass percent, the ingredient of the rich chromium cast iron tup
Including C:2.6~2.8%；Si:0.4~0.8%；Mn:0.5~1.0%；Cr:10~12%；Mo:2.2~2.6%；Cu:0.8
~1.0%；S: < 0.05%；P: < 0.08%, surplus Fe.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), before temperature rises to 940-970 DEG C, first
Blank is successively respectively kept the temperature in 200 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 600 DEG C and stops 2-3h.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in quenching process, heating rate is not more than 150 DEG C/h.
5. the preparation method according to claim 4, wherein when temperature rises to 700 DEG C, heating rate be 100-150 DEG C/
h。
6. preparation method according to claim 5, wherein when blank wall thickness is 6-20mm, the soaking time of quenching is 2-
4h。
7. preparation method according to claim 5, wherein when blank wall thickness is 20-60mm, the soaking time of quenching is 4-
6h。
8. preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in blank quenching process, when temperature is at 700 DEG C or less,
Heating rate is not more than 50 DEG C/h.
9. preparation method according to claim 2, wherein further include being carried out at deoxidation to the molten iron of melting before casting
The step of reason.
10. according to the described in any item preparation methods of claim 2-9, wherein the soaking time of tempering is 4-8h.
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