CN109014045A - A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109014045A
CN109014045A CN201810862552.1A CN201810862552A CN109014045A CN 109014045 A CN109014045 A CN 109014045A CN 201810862552 A CN201810862552 A CN 201810862552A CN 109014045 A CN109014045 A CN 109014045A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
preparation
cast iron
chromium cast
rich chromium
tup
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CN201810862552.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
柴知章
王鑫
杜宇风
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Anhui Institute of Information Engineering
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Anhui Institute of Information Engineering
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Priority to CN201810862552.1A priority Critical patent/CN109014045A/en
Publication of CN109014045A publication Critical patent/CN109014045A/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D5/00Heat treatments of cast-iron
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C37/00Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C37/00Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of rich chromium cast iron tup, method includes the following steps: (1) is added raw materials into according to the composition proportion of rich chromium cast iron tup carries out melting in induction furnace, melting is to 1450-1480 DEG C;(2) it after raw material all melting, is cast in sand mold in 1350-1420 DEG C, it is cooling, obtain blank;(3) blank is quenched in 960-1010 DEG C of heat preservation 2-6h, is then cooled to 580-640 DEG C with air-cooled mode and carries out tempering, then natural cooling.The preparation method improves high chromium cast iron material harden ability, hardenability, moreover, also improves the toughness of rich chromium cast iron tup, reduces brittle fracture tendency, improves the wearability and service life of rich chromium cast iron tup.The process conditions that the present invention only changes in casting solve the problems, such as to perplex tup performance, application value with higher for a long time.

Description

A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting fields, and in particular, to a kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup.
Background technique
Tup is the key that accessory on hammer mill that the industries such as mine, building materials, electric power, metallurgy, chemical industry use, and Vulnerable part.Because its broken object is the hard and crisp materials such as mine, rock, clinker so both having required camera lens wear-resisting Property, and require the toughness having had.Common potassium steel tup, wears no resistance, service life is short.
Because hardness is high, tool has good wearability rich chromium cast iron, is for making the good material selection of tup.It is used as When wear-resistant material high chromium cast iron material be because of harden ability with higher, hardenability and wearability, and it is preferable anti-oxidant and Thermal fatigue properties, but its toughness is poor, is easy to happen brittle fracture.And different operating conditions proposes the performance of rich chromium cast iron Different requirements is gone out, so taking corresponding heat treatment process to improve the pattern of carbide and distribution shape in rich chromium cast iron State, and then the comprehensive mechanical property of rich chromium cast iron is improved, to obtain required rich chromium cast iron, and high cost performance is obtained, is Urgent problem to be solved at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, which passes through specific technique Condition improves high chromium cast iron material harden ability, hardenability, moreover, also improves the toughness of rich chromium cast iron tup, reduces Brittle fracture tendency, improves the wearability and service life of rich chromium cast iron tup.The present invention only changes in casting Process conditions solve the problems, such as to perplex tup performance, application value with higher for a long time.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, the preparation methods The following steps are included:
(1) it is added raw materials into according to the composition proportion of rich chromium cast iron tup and carries out melting in induction furnace, melting to 1450- 1480℃;
(2) it after raw material all melting, is cast in sand mold in 1350-1420 DEG C, it is cooling, obtain blank;
(3) blank is quenched in 960-1010 DEG C of heat preservation 2-6h, is then cooled to 580-640 DEG C with air-cooled mode Tempering is carried out, then natural cooling.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, under pouring temperature of the invention, avoid shrinking excessive and scab, high temperature air quenching, in The heat treatment of temperature tempering, obtains the matrix of high rigidity, aspect of performance improves high chromium cast iron material harden ability, hardenability, not only In this way, also improving the toughness of rich chromium cast iron tup, brittle fracture tendency is reduced, the wearability of rich chromium cast iron tup is improved And service life.The process conditions that the present invention only changes in casting solve perplexs asking for tup performance for a long time Topic, application value with higher.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Specific embodiment
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments below.It should be understood that described herein specific Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) it is added raw materials into according to the composition proportion of rich chromium cast iron tup and carries out melting in induction furnace, melting to 1450- 1480℃;
(2) it after raw material all melting, is cast in sand mold in 1350-1420 DEG C, it is cooling, obtain blank;
(3) blank is quenched in 960-1010 DEG C of heat preservation 2-6h, is then cooled to 580-640 DEG C with air-cooled mode Tempering is carried out, then natural cooling.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, under pouring temperature of the invention, avoid shrinking excessive and scab, high temperature air quenching, in The heat treatment of temperature tempering, obtains the matrix of high rigidity, aspect of performance improves high chromium cast iron material harden ability, hardenability, not only In this way, also improving the toughness of rich chromium cast iron tup, brittle fracture tendency is reduced, the wearability of rich chromium cast iron tup is improved And service life.The process conditions that the present invention only changes in casting solve perplexs asking for tup performance for a long time Topic, application value with higher.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, in a kind of preferred implementation of the invention It in mode, is calculated in mass percent, the ingredient of the rich chromium cast iron tup includes C:2.6~2.8%;Si:0.4~0.8%; Mn:0.5~1.0%;Cr:18~23%;Mo:2.2~2.6%;Cu:0.8~1.0%;S: < 0.05%;P: < 0.08%, it is remaining Amount is Fe.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, avoid opening in quenching process medium casting It splits, in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), before temperature rises to 960-1010 DEG C, first by blank It is successively respectively kept the temperature in 200 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 600 DEG C and stops 2-3h.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, avoid opening in quenching process medium casting It splits, in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, in quenching process, heating rate is not more than 150 DEG C/h.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, in a kind of preferred implementation of the invention In mode, when temperature rises to 700 DEG C, heating rate is 100-150 DEG C/h.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, it is impermeable to prevent quenching, of the invention a kind of In preferred embodiment, when blank wall thickness is 6-20mm, the soaking time of quenching is 2-4h.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, it is impermeable to prevent quenching, of the invention a kind of In preferred embodiment, when blank wall thickness is 20-60mm, the soaking time time of quenching is 4-6h.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, avoid cracking, of the invention a kind of excellent In the embodiment of choosing, in blank quenching process, when temperature is at 700 DEG C or less, heating rate is not more than 50 DEG C/h.
It further include that deoxidation treatment is carried out to the molten iron of melting before casting in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention The step of.For method of deoxidation, those skilled in the art can select in a wider range, such as commercially available deoxidier is added etc..? In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, before casting, in ladle plus 0.05% aluminium carries out deoxidation, is then poured.
High-intensitive in order to obtain, high rigidity and the preferable rich chromium cast iron tup of toughness, in a kind of preferred implementation of the invention In mode, the soaking time of tempering is 4-8h.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) it is calculated in mass percent, ingredient includes C:2.6~2.8%;Si:0.4~0.8%;Mn:0.5~1.0%; Cr:18~23%;Mo:2.2~2.6%;Cu:0.8~1.0%;S: < 0.05%;P: < 0.08%, surplus Fe, according to aforementioned The low value of composition proportion add raw materials into and carry out melting in induction furnace, melting is to 1450 DEG C;
(2) chemical component for adjusting raw material carries out deoxidation, is cast in sand mold then at 1350 DEG C after raw material all melting In, it is cooling, obtain blank;
(3) first blank is successively respectively kept the temperature in 200 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 600 DEG C and stops 2h, then by blank in 940 DEG C of heat preservation 2h It is quenched, in temperature-rise period, at 700 DEG C or less, heating rate control is 50 DEG C/h;When 700 DEG C of heating, heating rate For 100 DEG C/h;
(4) after quenching, 580 DEG C of heat preservation 4h is cooled to air-cooled mode and carry out tempering, then natural cooling.
It is detected through spectrum analysis, the ingredient of finished product tup is C:2.62%;Si:0.43%;Mn:0.60%;Cr: 18.85%;Mo:2.22%;Cu:0.84%;S:0.021;P:0.027, surplus Fe.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) it is calculated in mass percent, ingredient includes C:2.6~2.8%;Si:0.4~0.8%;Mn:0.5~1.0%; Cr:18~23%;Mo:2.2~2.6%;Cu:0.8~1.0%;S: < 0.05%;P: < 0.08%, surplus Fe, according to aforementioned The high level of composition proportion add raw materials into and carry out melting in induction furnace, until 1480 DEG C;
(2) material chemical component is adjusted, after raw material all melting, deoxidation is carried out, is cast in sand mold then at 1420 DEG C, It is cooling, obtain blank;
(3) first blank is successively respectively kept the temperature in 200 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 600 DEG C and stops 3h, then by blank in 970 DEG C of heat preservation 6h It is quenched, in temperature-rise period, at 700 DEG C or less, heating rate control is 40 DEG C/h;When 700 DEG C of heating, heating Speed is 150 DEG C/h;
(4) after quenching, 640 DEG C of heat preservation 8h is cooled to air-cooled mode and carry out tempering, then natural cooling.
It is detected through spectrum analysis, the ingredient of finished product tup is C:2.74%;Si:0.72%;Mn:0.91%;Cr: 22.89%;Mo:2.54%;Cu:0.93%;S:0.02;P:0.02, surplus Fe.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) it is calculated in mass percent, ingredient includes C:2.6~2.8%;Si:0.4~0.8%;Mn:0.5~1.0%; Cr:18~23%;Mo:2.2~2.6%;Cu:0.8~1.0%;S: < 0.05%;P: < 0.08%, surplus Fe, according to aforementioned The median of composition proportion add raw materials into and carry out melting in induction furnace, melting is to 1465 DEG C;
(2) chemical component for adjusting raw material carries out deoxidation, is cast in sand mold then at 1470 DEG C after raw material all melting In, it is cooling, obtain blank;
(3) first blank is successively respectively kept the temperature in 200 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 600 DEG C and stops 2.5h, then blank is kept the temperature in 955 DEG C 4h is quenched, and in temperature-rise period, at 700 DEG C or less, heating rate control is 30 DEG C/h;When 700 DEG C of heating, heating speed Degree is 120 DEG C/h;
(4) after quenching, 610 DEG C of heat preservation 6h is cooled to air-cooled mode and carry out tempering, then natural cooling.
It is detected through spectrum analysis, the ingredient of finished product tup is C:2.72%;Si:0.61%;Mn:0.75%;Cr: 20.86%;Mo:2.43%;Cu:0.93%;S:0.02;P:0.02, surplus Fe.
Detect example 1
It detects a flaw through appearance and PT, it is found that the rich chromium cast iron tup surface spikes in embodiment 1-3 are less, and flawless.
According to GB/T228.1-2010, GB/T229-2007 and GB/T 231.1-2009 standard, Gao Ge in embodiment is detected The performance of cast iron, the tensile strength for the rich chromium cast iron that discovery embodiment 1-3 is obtained are 490-520MPa, elongation 0.8- 1.4%, HRC59-62, impact flexibility 11.1-12.2J/cm2Wherein, the performance of rich chromium cast iron obtained in embodiment 2 is most It is excellent.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above Detail within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, this A little simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance In the case where shield, can be combined in any appropriate way, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup, which is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) it is added raw materials into according to the composition proportion of rich chromium cast iron tup and carries out melting in induction furnace, melting to 1450-1480 ℃;
(2) it after raw material all melting, is cast in sand mold in 1350-1420 DEG C, it is cooling, obtain blank;
(3) blank is quenched in 960-1010 DEG C of heat preservation 2-6h, is then cooled to 580-640 DEG C with air-cooled mode and carries out Tempering, then natural cooling.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, wherein be calculated in mass percent, the ingredient of the rich chromium cast iron tup Including C:2.6~2.8%;Si:0.4~0.8%;Mn:0.5~1.0%;Cr:18~23%;Mo:2.2~2.6%;Cu:0.8 ~1.0%;S: < 0.05%;P: < 0.08%, surplus Fe.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), before temperature rises to 960-1010 DEG C, Blank is successively respectively kept the temperature in 200 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 600 DEG C first and stops 2-3h.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in quenching process, heating rate is not more than 150 DEG C/h.
5. the preparation method according to claim 4, wherein when temperature rises to 700 DEG C, heating rate be 100-150 DEG C/ h。
6. preparation method according to claim 5, wherein when blank wall thickness is 6-20mm, the soaking time of quenching is 2- 4h。
7. preparation method according to claim 5, wherein when blank wall thickness is 20-60mm, the soaking time of quenching is 4- 6h。
8. the preparation method according to claim 4, wherein in blank quenching process, when temperature is at 700 DEG C or less, Heating rate is not more than 50 DEG C/h.
9. preparation method according to claim 2, wherein further include being carried out at deoxidation to the molten iron of melting before casting The step of reason.
10. according to the described in any item preparation methods of claim 2-9, wherein the soaking time of tempering is 4-8h.
CN201810862552.1A 2018-08-01 2018-08-01 A kind of preparation method of rich chromium cast iron tup Pending CN109014045A (en)

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EP0260792A2 (en) * 1986-09-19 1988-03-23 Crucible Materials Corporation Corrosion resistant austenitic stainless steel
CN1421539A (en) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-04 吴承健 Production process of extruder pressure booster with wall board of antiwear cast iron alloy
CN103014550A (en) * 2012-12-10 2013-04-03 马鞍山市恒达耐磨材料有限责任公司 High chromium multielement alloy wear resisting ball and manufacturing method thereof
CN103436773A (en) * 2013-08-21 2013-12-11 北京工业大学 Preparation method of wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron
CN104164609A (en) * 2014-07-24 2014-11-26 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 Compound hammerhead of hammer crusher
CN104164615A (en) * 2014-08-06 2014-11-26 吴永 Fork of forklift
CN105088055A (en) * 2015-06-26 2015-11-25 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 Wear-resisting hammer head for hammer type breaking machine and production method of wear-resisting hammer head
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CN1421539A (en) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-04 吴承健 Production process of extruder pressure booster with wall board of antiwear cast iron alloy
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CN104164609A (en) * 2014-07-24 2014-11-26 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 Compound hammerhead of hammer crusher
CN104164615A (en) * 2014-08-06 2014-11-26 吴永 Fork of forklift
WO2016164360A1 (en) * 2015-04-06 2016-10-13 Scoperta, Inc. Fine-grained high carbide cast iron alloys
CN105088055A (en) * 2015-06-26 2015-11-25 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 Wear-resisting hammer head for hammer type breaking machine and production method of wear-resisting hammer head
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Application publication date: 20181218