CN109013901A - A kind of Automobile drive rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die and its combination process - Google Patents
A kind of Automobile drive rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die and its combination process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109013901A CN109013901A CN201810867900.4A CN201810867900A CN109013901A CN 109013901 A CN109013901 A CN 109013901A CN 201810867900 A CN201810867900 A CN 201810867900A CN 109013901 A CN109013901 A CN 109013901A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- die
- forming
- blank holder
- rear axle
- locating ring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
- B21C51/005—Marking devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
- B21D43/003—Positioning devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Automobile drive rear axle cases to shape-typewrite composite die, including part of the upper die and part of the lower die, and part of the upper die includes: cope plate, guide sleeve, upper padding plate, forming upper mold and typewriting pressure head；Part of the lower die includes: guide post, locating ring, blank holder, forming lower die, lower bolster, lower template, ejector beam and lower pallet.Automobile drive rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die to the technique of cap forming, typewriting, includes the following steps: step 1: shaping-typewrite composite die for the Automobile drive rear axle case and be mounted on 500T hydraulic press of four column of single action with liftout tank；Step 2: starting hydraulic press, starts jacking cylinder of hydraulic press, and liftout tank ejects lower pallet, and lower pallet ejects ejector beam, and ejector beam ejects blank holder and locating ring, and the upper surface of blank holder is made to be higher by the highest upper surface 1.0mm of forming lower die.The structures such as lower pallet are additionally arranged in part of the lower die to improve die life and product quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machinery equipment field, are related to a kind of manufacture mold for cap, in particular to a kind of automobile drives
Dynamic rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die and combination process.
Background technique
Cap is the important part for sealing axle housing, is the basic parts such as installation main reducing gear, differential mechanism, and main function is bearing
And protect main reducing gear, differential mechanism etc., especially cap outer diameter flange while place flatness (i.e. when cap outer diameter flange will with it is rear
Axle housing welding) it will have a direct impact on drive axle oil leak and weld strength.Cap is point seven procedures by traditional production method
Processed, process flow is: aperture → typewriting → whole aperture boss plane is rushed in blanking → blanking → forming → trimming →, to reach
To product design requirement traditional processing technology is used in this way, and production efficiency is lower, production since cap production is of large quantities
It takes a long time.The present invention is based on the consideration of optimization property existing for production technology in the prior art, designs cap forming-typewriting
Composite die, can make product in same procedure while realize the different punch process movement of forming, two kinds of typewriting, i.e., will
Two procedures are optimized for a procedure, in this way by design one kind be able to satisfy production Automobile drive rear axle case forming-typewriting it is multiple
Molding tool, to improve the production efficiency and product quality of product, just seems very necessary.
Chinese patent notification number is that CN206882567 U discloses a kind of automobile axle with fast tunable location structure
The general leveling mold of cap, including the lower template in the cope plate and lower die in upper mold, the intermediate side of cope plate bottom is equipped with
Upper die plate and fixed plate, the bosom of fixed plate are equipped with leveling upper mold, and the upper surface side of lower template is fixed equipped with lower die
Plate and lower mold backing plate, are equipped with leveling lower die inside lower mold fixed plate, and leveling lower die inner elastomeric is equipped with positioning pin, in lower die
Further include adjustable material carrying mechanism, between positioning pin and adjustable material carrying mechanism formed axle housing lid locating mould cavity, leveling upper mold with
It flattens lower die and forms axle housing lid boss plane leveling mould.The above patent is the utility model patent that our company applies and authorizes, this
Secondary patent is further improved on the above patent structure, is reached Automobile drive rear axle case and is shaped-typewrite compound one
Change.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve defect of the existing technology, provide a kind of Automobile drive rear axle case at
Shape-typewriting composite die and its combination process.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of Automobile drive rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die, including part of the upper die and part of the lower die, upper mold portion subpackage
It includes: cope plate, guide sleeve, upper padding plate, forming upper mold and typewriting pressure head；
Part of the lower die includes: guide post, locating ring, blank holder, forming lower die, lower bolster, lower template, ejector beam and lower pallet, institute
For the typewriting pressure head stated through interference fit in the intermediate fixation hole of forming upper mold, guide sleeve is mounted in cope plate by interference fit
In the dowel hole on both sides, cope plate, upper padding plate are connect by bolt and positioning pin with forming upper mold；
Guide post by interference fit in the guide pillar hole on lower template both sides, lower template, lower bolster by bolt and positioning pin with
Forming lower die connection, locating ring is directly placed in the fixing lug boss of blank holder by clearance fit, and passes through spiral shell from upper surface
Bolt is connect with blank holder, and six roots of sensation ejector beam is connect by screw top with each threaded hole of blank holder, and blank holder passes through clearance fit
It is directly placed in forming lower die, ejector beam is directly placed at lower bolster and each corresponding ejector beam of lower template by clearance fit
Kong Zhong, lower pallet are connect by bolt with ejector beam from lower end surface.
Further, the blank holder is equipped with a 20mm high boss, and the height of locating ring is increased to 23.4mm.
Further, after the blank holder and locating ring assemble, the upper plane of locating ring is made to be higher by the upper plane 3.4 of blank holder
±0.1mm。
Further, the forming upper mold and forming lower die select mold materials Cr12MoV, quenching hardness be HRC58~
60, mould surface uses the super cure process of TD in forming.
Further, die forming single side gap is 3.4mm, guide sleeve and guide post clearance fit, double-faced clearance 0.08
~0.10mm.
Further, the lower mould part is additionally arranged lower pallet.
Automobile drive rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die to the technique of cap forming, typewriting, includes the following steps:
Step 1: the Automobile drive rear axle case is shaped-is typewrited composite die and is mounted on four column of single action with liftout tank
On 500T hydraulic press；
Step 2: starting hydraulic press, starts jacking cylinder of hydraulic press, and liftout tank ejects lower pallet, and lower pallet ejects ejector beam, liftout
Bar ejects blank holder and locating ring, and the upper surface of blank holder is made to be higher by the highest upper surface 1.0mm of forming lower die；
Step 3: being uniformly coated with one layer of lubricating oil with hairbrush for the prefabricated cap workpiece surface after blanking, blanking process by hand,
It is then placed on blank holder, and sets the outer circle of workpiece with locating ring；
Step 4: starting hydraulic press, and cope plate 1 is run down with lathe upper table, shapes upper mold and locating ring in power of taking blame for others
Locating ring is first compressed under active force, then shapes upper mold and typewriting pressure head Continued downward motion and forming lower die completes product shaping
Process and typewriting process；
Step 5: after cap forming, typewriting processing, the top half return of hydraulic press upper table driven mold starts hydraulic press
Liftout tank, liftout tank eject lower pallet, and lower pallet ejects ejector beam, and ejector beam ejects blank holder, and blank holder ejects workpiece, then uses
Auxiliary tool takes out product and is put into body feed tank；
Step 6: the operation that step 2 arrives step 5 is repeated, the production of lower workpiece is carried out.
The invention has the benefit that the mold is by using Embedded positioning device, (i.e. blank holder 8 is equipped with one
20mm high boss, the height of locating ring, which can increase, both can be improved the intensity of locating ring in this way to 23.4mm and (is not easy to press
Deformation), but the upper and lower plane of plain grinding blank holder is convenient, fast when making mold repair, and mould surface is using TD superhardization place in forming
Reason, and the structures such as lower pallet are additionally arranged in part of the lower die to improve die life and product quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is inventive die schematic view of the front view.
Fig. 2 is the overlooking structure diagram of part of the lower die of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the locating ring and blank holder assembling unit structure schematic diagram of inventive die；
Fig. 4 is cap Workpiece structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the present invention can be embodied by technical solution, by can be with to the following examples
The present invention is further described, however, the scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1: for processing NKR light truck driving rear axle case:
NKR light truck driving rear axle case shapes-typewrites compound die mould structure as shown in " Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 ": mold is divided into mold
The part of the lower die of part of the upper die and mold.
The part of the upper die structural relation of mold is: the typewriting pressure head 5 is by interference fit in forming upper mold 4
Between in fixation hole, for guide sleeve 2 through interference fit in the dowel hole on 1 both sides of cope plate, cope plate 1, upper padding plate 3 pass through bolt
And positioning pin is connect with forming upper mold 4.
The lower half portion structural relation of mold is: the guide post 6 is mounted in the guide post on 11 both sides of lower template by interference fit
Kong Zhong, lower template 11, lower bolster 10 are connect by bolt and positioning pin with forming lower die 9, and locating ring 7 is direct by clearance fit
It is placed in the fixing lug boss of blank holder 8, and is connect from upper surface by bolt with blank holder 8, six roots of sensation ejector beam 12 passes through top
Portion's screw thread is connect with each threaded hole of blank holder 8, and blank holder 8 is directly placed in forming lower die 9 by clearance fit, ejector beam 12
It is directly placed in lower bolster 10 and each corresponding liftout rod aperture of lower template 11 by clearance fit, lower pallet 13 is logical from lower end surface
Bolt is crossed to connect with ejector beam 12.
NKR light truck driving rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die and is mounted on by the mounting means of common shaping dies
On 500T hydraulic press.
Such NKR light truck driving rear axle case be by 3.2mm thickness acid-cleaning plate it is stamped be processed into, in blanking, blanking
It can be directly used in forming, the typewriting Compound Machining of composite die after process, include the following steps:
Step 1: the Automobile drive rear axle case is shaped-is typewrited composite die and is mounted on four column of single action with liftout tank
On 500T hydraulic press；
Step 2: starting hydraulic press, starts jacking cylinder of hydraulic press, and liftout tank ejects lower pallet 13, and lower pallet 13 ejects ejector beam
12, ejector beam 12 ejects blank holder 8 and locating ring 7, and the upper surface of blank holder 8 is made to be higher by the highest upper surface of forming lower die 9
1.0mm；
Step 3: being uniformly coated with one layer of lubricating oil with hairbrush for the prefabricated cap workpiece surface after blanking, blanking process by hand,
It is then placed on blank holder 8, and sets the outer circle of workpiece with locating ring 7；
Step 4: starting hydraulic press, and cope plate 1 is run down with lathe upper table, and forming upper mold 4 and locating ring 7 are in power of taking blame for others
Active force under first compress locating ring 7, then shape upper mold 4 and typewriting 5 Continued downward motion of pressure head and forming lower die 9 complete production
Product forming process and typewriting process；
Step 5: after cap forming, typewriting processing, the top half return of hydraulic press upper table driven mold starts hydraulic press
Liftout tank, liftout tank eject lower pallet 13, and lower pallet 13 ejects ejector beam 12, and ejector beam 12 ejects blank holder 8, and blank holder 8 pushes up
Workpiece out, then take out product with auxiliary tool and be put into body feed tank；
Step 6: the operation that step 2 arrives step 5 is repeated, the production of lower workpiece is carried out.
After NKR light truck drives rear axle case to use forming-typewriting composite die and combination process, the correlations such as forming, typewriting
Size is in the margin of tolerance.It is optimized for a procedure by traditional two procedures, production efficiency improves 68%, and saves one
The mould development of set process takes, and die arrangement device is using embedded, in forming mould surface using the super cure process of TD, and
Part of the lower die is additionally arranged the structures such as lower pallet, so that die life be made to improve 12 times, reduces production cost, and workpiece quality
Stablize.It is sustainable stable to ensure that NKR light truck driving rear axle case reaches product drawing design requirement.
By using Embedded positioning device, (i.e. blank holder 8 is equipped with a 20mm high boss, the height of locating ring to the mold
Degree can increase the intensity (being not easy compressive strain) that locating ring not only can be improved in this way to 23.4mm, but also when making mold repair
The upper and lower plane of plain grinding blank holder is convenient, fast, and mould surface uses the super cure process of TD in forming, and is additionally arranged in part of the lower die
The structures such as lower pallet improve die life and product quality.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiment and the description is only the present invention
Principle, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, these variation and
Improvement is both fallen in the range of claimed invention.The present invention claims protection scope by appended claims and its
Equivalent defines.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Automobile drive rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die, including part of the upper die and part of the lower die, upper mold portion subpackage
It includes: cope plate, guide sleeve, upper padding plate, forming upper mold and typewriting pressure head；
Part of the lower die includes: guide post, locating ring, blank holder, forming lower die, lower bolster, lower template, ejector beam and lower pallet,
It is characterized in that, the typewriting pressure head through interference fit in the intermediate fixation hole of forming upper mold, matched by interference by guide sleeve
It attaches together in the dowel hole on cope plate both sides, cope plate, upper padding plate are connect by bolt and positioning pin with forming upper mold；
Guide post by interference fit in the guide pillar hole on lower template both sides, lower template, lower bolster by bolt and positioning pin with
Forming lower die connection, locating ring is directly placed in the fixing lug boss of blank holder by clearance fit, and passes through spiral shell from upper surface
Bolt is connect with blank holder, and six roots of sensation ejector beam is connect by screw top with each threaded hole of blank holder, and blank holder passes through clearance fit
It is directly placed in forming lower die, ejector beam is directly placed at lower bolster and each corresponding ejector beam of lower template by clearance fit
Kong Zhong, lower pallet are connect by bolt with ejector beam from lower end surface.
2. a kind of Automobile drive rear axle case according to claim 1 shapes-typewrites composite die, which is characterized in that institute
Blank holder is stated equipped with a 20mm high boss, the height of locating ring is increased to 23.4mm.
3. a kind of Automobile drive rear axle case according to claim 1 or 2 shapes-typewrites composite die, which is characterized in that
After the blank holder and locating ring assembling, the upper plane of locating ring is made to be higher by upper 3.4 ± 0.1mm of plane of blank holder.
4. a kind of Automobile drive rear axle case according to claim 1 or 2 shapes-typewrites composite die, which is characterized in that
The forming upper mold and forming lower die select mold materials Cr12MoV, and quenching hardness is HRC58~60, mould surface in forming
Cure process is surpassed using TD.
5. a kind of Automobile drive rear axle case according to claim 1 or 2 shapes-typewrites composite die, which is characterized in that
Die forming single side gap is 3.4mm, guide sleeve and guide post clearance fit, and double-faced clearance is 0.08~0.10mm.
6. a kind of Automobile drive rear axle case according to claim 1 shapes-typewrites composite die, which is characterized in that institute
It states lower mould part and is additionally arranged lower pallet.
7. one kind shapes-typewrites composite die to cap forming, typewriting based on Automobile drive rear axle case described in claim 1
Technique, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: the Automobile drive rear axle case is shaped-is typewrited composite die and is mounted on four column of single action with liftout tank
On 500T hydraulic press；
Step 2: starting hydraulic press, starts jacking cylinder of hydraulic press, and liftout tank ejects lower pallet, and lower pallet ejects ejector beam, liftout
Bar ejects blank holder and locating ring, and the upper surface of blank holder is made to be higher by the highest upper surface 1.0mm of forming lower die；
Step 3: being uniformly coated with one layer of lubricating oil with hairbrush for the prefabricated cap workpiece surface after blanking, blanking process by hand,
It is then placed on blank holder, and sets the outer circle of workpiece with locating ring；
Step 4: starting hydraulic press, and cope plate 1 is run down with lathe upper table, shapes upper mold and locating ring in power of taking blame for others
Locating ring is first compressed under active force, then shapes upper mold and typewriting pressure head Continued downward motion and forming lower die completes product shaping
Process and typewriting process；
Step 5: after cap forming, typewriting processing, the top half return of hydraulic press upper table driven mold starts hydraulic press
Liftout tank, liftout tank eject lower pallet, and lower pallet ejects ejector beam, and ejector beam ejects blank holder, and blank holder ejects workpiece, then uses
Auxiliary tool takes out product and is put into body feed tank；
Step 6: the operation that step 2 arrives step 5 is repeated, the production of lower workpiece is carried out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810867900.4A CN109013901A (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | A kind of Automobile drive rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die and its combination process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810867900.4A CN109013901A (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | A kind of Automobile drive rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die and its combination process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109013901A true CN109013901A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
Family
ID=64648864
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810867900.4A Withdrawn CN109013901A (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | A kind of Automobile drive rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die and its combination process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109013901A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110193555A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-03 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of composite die |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008284590A (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-27 | Panasonic Corp | Structure of press die |
| CN204747185U (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-11-11 | 湖南机电职业技术学院 | Automobile rear drive shell body blanking die |
| CN206882533U (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-01-16 | 江西江铃底盘股份有限公司 | A kind of composite die of automobile drive axle housing lid shaping typewriting |
-
2018
- 2018-08-02 CN CN201810867900.4A patent/CN109013901A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008284590A (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-27 | Panasonic Corp | Structure of press die |
| CN204747185U (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-11-11 | 湖南机电职业技术学院 | Automobile rear drive shell body blanking die |
| CN206882533U (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-01-16 | 江西江铃底盘股份有限公司 | A kind of composite die of automobile drive axle housing lid shaping typewriting |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110193555A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-03 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of composite die |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104289591B (en) | A kind of hydraulic test for the shaping of aluminium alloy drawing extrusion cladding | |
| CN202316776U (en) | Die device for simultaneously forming automobile axle shaft spline and center hole | |
| CN204074782U (en) | The device of external tooth in gear part can be extruded simultaneously | |
| CN108637151B (en) | A kind of lightweight special-shaped shell body partial plastic forming method | |
| CN202621811U (en) | Helical cylindrical gear toothed and cone gear toothed precision forging die, forged by one hammer in one die, of compound gear | |
| CN206882533U (en) | A kind of composite die of automobile drive axle housing lid shaping typewriting | |
| CN109013901A (en) | A kind of Automobile drive rear axle case shapes-typewrites composite die and its combination process | |
| CN206912075U (en) | A kind of mould for the riveting molding that pressed for metal thin-wall Sheet Metal Part matrix | |
| CN206169060U (en) | Car rear auxiliary frame upper plate multiple operation combination stamping die | |
| CN205551178U (en) | Pneumatic punching machine | |
| CN102009102B (en) | Multifunctional stamping die of air filter and use method thereof | |
| CN109013902A (en) | A kind of Automobile drive rear axle oil baffle disc is without scrap (bridge) blanking-formed composite mold and combination process | |
| CN211027677U (en) | Stamping die is used in production of electric motor car battery cover | |
| CN209318684U (en) | A kind of seamless steel pipe local contraction formed automobile axle tube hot-extrusion mold | |
| CN210146900U (en) | Automobile wheel hub unit type compound die that punches a hole | |
| CN204135257U (en) | A kind of mould of power forging automobile connecting bar | |
| CN210387403U (en) | Hot forging combined die for open type fixed table press | |
| CN204449160U (en) | Axial enclosed roll milling forming equipment | |
| CN208643840U (en) | A kind of auto parts and components riveting die set | |
| CN203862945U (en) | Forging ring combination die | |
| CN208131898U (en) | The fine forging forming die of direction machine bolt | |
| CN207325765U (en) | A kind of rear axle spring panel seat imprint mold | |
| CN206838864U (en) | A kind of automobile drive axle housing lid edge-cutting and hole-punching synchronous processing mould | |
| CN204545142U (en) | The compressible spacer mould of a kind of automobile driving axle main gear box | |
| CN201720316U (en) | Mould for processing gear ring blanks |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20181218 |
|
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |