CN109013057B - Method for separating feldspar and quartz from granite stone - Google Patents
Method for separating feldspar and quartz from granite stone Download PDFInfo
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- CN109013057B CN109013057B CN201810987774.6A CN201810987774A CN109013057B CN 109013057 B CN109013057 B CN 109013057B CN 201810987774 A CN201810987774 A CN 201810987774A CN 109013057 B CN109013057 B CN 109013057B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
- B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for separating feldspar and quartz from granite stone, which belongs to the technical field of separation and mineral separation, and comprises six procedures of ore crushing, ore grinding, screening, photoelectric color separation, powder making and magnetic separation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of separation and mineral separation, and particularly relates to a method for separating feldspar and quartz from granite stones.
Background
The potash albite has good chemical stability due to the low melting point of 1100-1300 ℃, has fluxing action when being co-melted with quartz and silicate, reacts to form a low-melting-point glass substance, can reduce the firing temperature of a ceramic product, promotes the sintering of the ceramic product, plays a role of barren raw materials in a blank before sintering, improves the hydrophobicity of the blank, shortens the drying time of the blank, and reduces the drying shrinkage and deformation of the blank. In the ceramic glaze, after the fused feldspar glass melt is cooled, a glass substance of the glaze is formed, the transparency of the glaze is increased, and the glossiness and the service performance of the glaze are improved. However, the high-quality feldspar raw materials used for ceramic production in nature are short in resources and the quality is gradually deteriorated, so that a substitute for the feldspar raw materials is required to be found in view of long-term development of the ceramic industry.
Different kinds of granites are mainly mineral rocks of feldspar and quartz, thousands of domestic granite stone processing enterprises can generate a large amount of waste materials and quarried quarry materials after mining in the mining and processing process, the existence of the tailings and the quarry materials can cause serious pollution to the environment, although the chemical components of the granite waste materials are mainly potassium, albite, quartz and black mica, but the K in the granite waste materials is caused by the fact that the K is the potassium, the albite, the quartz and the black mica2O、Na2Low grade of O and harmful component Fe2O3、TiO2Higher, therefore, the feldspar can not be directly used in ceramic glaze and blank instead of the feldspar, and a small amount of granite ore with better quality can only be added into the low-end ceramic blank, so that the granite is largeThe granite waste material can not be reasonably utilized and treated, which causes resource waste. At present, the prior art for separating feldspar and quartz from granite in China is mainly a flotation process, but a large amount of harmful medicaments and harmful substances exist in the flotation process, so that the environment is greatly harmed, and in the aspect of a separation result, the grade of K, Na is improved by 1-2 percent, and the separation and purification effect cannot be achieved completely, so that a method for separating feldspar and quartz from granite stone materials, which can improve the grade of K, Na and is environment-friendly, is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method for separating feldspar and quartz from granite stone.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
1. a method for separating feldspar and quartz from a granite stone, comprising the steps of:
(1) crushing ores;
(2) grinding: putting the granite stone material processed in the step (1) into a sand making granulator for grinding to obtain a granite stone block with the particle size of less than or equal to 8 mm;
(3) screening: putting the granite blocks with the particle size of less than or equal to 8mm in the step (2) into a screening machine to respectively obtain four granite blocks with the particle size of less than 0.38mm, the particle size of more than or equal to 0.38mm and less than 0.83mm, the particle size of more than or equal to 0.83mm and less than 2.36mm and the particle size of more than or equal to 2.36mm and less than 8 mm;
(4) photoelectric color selection: respectively putting the three granite blocks with the grain size of more than or equal to 0.38mm and less than 0.83mm, the grain size of more than or equal to 0.83mm and less than 2.36mm and the grain size of more than or equal to 2.36mm and less than 8mm obtained in the step (3) into a photoelectric color selector for photoelectric color selection, and finally respectively obtaining feldspar and quartz;
(5) milling; respectively grinding the feldspar and the quartz obtained in the step (4) into powder to obtain feldspar powder and quartz powder;
(6) magnetic separation: respectively putting the feldspar powder and the quartz powder obtained in the step (5) into a magnetic separator for magnetic separation, so that the feldspar powder and the quartz powder are subjected to magnetic separationMiddle Fe2O3The content is less than or equal to 0.03-0.1wt percent.
Further, in the step (1), the ore crushing is to crush the granite stones into material blocks with the particle size of less than or equal to 400 mm.
Further, in the step (2), the sand making granulator is a drum-type sand making granulator, the diameter of a cylinder body of the drum-type sand making granulator is 2500mm, the length of the cylinder body is 4000mm, the power of a main engine is 75kW, and the rotating speed is 25-30 r/min.
Furthermore, a corundum lining plate is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body of the drum-type sand making granulator.
Further, the hardness of the corundum lining plate is more than 9 grades.
Further, in the step (4), during the photoelectric color selection, the used photoelectric color selector is provided with a CCD lens capable of scanning and capturing at 7000-10000 points and a self-repairing electromagnetic valve with the frequency less than or equal to 1600 Hz; the resolution accuracy of the photoelectric color selector is less than 200 meshes of different colors, the speed of the conveyor belt is 2.4-2.75m/s, the color background is set to be blue-red when feldspar is selected, and the color background is set to be red when quartz is selected.
Further, in the step (6), the magnetic separation is completed in three stages, firstly, the magnetic separation is carried out in a permanent magnetic machine with magnetic force of 5000-.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a method for separating feldspar and quartz from granite stone, which completely separates feldspar, quartz and magnetic substances in granite by adopting a physical technology, and effectively avoids the harm of a flotation process in the prior art to the environment. In the separation process, the process parameters of each stage are adjusted to enable the feldspar and the quartz separated finally to reach the top grade, so that the natural top grade feldspar and quartz can be replaced. Wherein, when grinding ore, the drum-type sand making granulator with the drum diameter of 2500mm, the drum length of 4000mm, the main engine power of 75kW and the rotating speed of 25-30r/min is limited to be used, so that the final product can be ensuredThe granite blocks with the quasi-spherical state are thoroughly separated, the powder is few, the identification and the resolution ratio are improved for the follow-up photoelectric color sorting, because when the diameter of the cylinder body is larger than or smaller than 2500m, the granite blocks with the overlarge diameter are not thoroughly separated, the granite blocks with the overlarge diameter mutually form a friction state, the powder is seriously filtered, and when the cylinder body is too long or too short, the over-grinding action is generated, so that the problems of more powder, incomplete separation of the granite blocks and low yield are caused. During screening, the granite blocks are piled according to the particle size interval, so that the subsequent photoelectric color sorting effect can be ensured, in addition, the specific photoelectric color sorting machine can be utilized to further improve the photoelectric color sorting effect, and the purity of the finally separated feldspar and quartz is ensured. Finally, the magnetic separation is completed in three stages, wherein the first stage aims at removing mechanical iron abraded in the production process, the second stage aims at selecting strong magnetic substances and weak magnetic substances of mica, and the third stage aims at selecting weak magnetic substances of superfine mica, so that the final separated feldspar and quartz Fe can be ensured through the staged magnetic separation2O3The content is less than or equal to 0.03-0.1wt%, and the quality purity of the product is ensured. The method does not generate any substances polluting the environment, such as waste gas, waste water and the like, and the feldspar and the quartz separated and purified by the method can completely replace the application of natural feldspar and quartz in the ceramic industry, and the method has sufficient raw material sources and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
FIG. 1 is a graph of granite topography within the interior Mongolian Wulan Congbu City;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the morphology of granite in the Ulan Congbu city, inner Mongolia, after calcination at 1200 deg.C;
FIG. 3 is a morphology of feldspar obtained after the photoelectrochromic treatment in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the morphology of quartz obtained after the photoelectric color sorting treatment in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a morphology of feldspar obtained after magnetic separation treatment in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the morphology of quartz obtained by magnetic separation treatment in example 1;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the appearance of black mica obtained by magnetic separation in example 1;
FIG. 8 is a morphology of feldspar obtained after magnetic separation treatment in example 1 and then calcined at 1200 ℃;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the magnetic separation of quartz in example 1 after calcination at 1200 ℃.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Example 1
Taking granite (shown in figure 1) in the interior Mongolian Wulanchou city as a separation object, separating feldspar and quartz from the granite, respectively sampling the granite and sending the granite to Wuhan university, Foshan Youbo ceramic test center, Tangshan ceramic test center, Shenyang Longji magnetoelectronic component Limited laboratory, Changsha hongshun mining industry Limited company for detection, and comprehensively analyzing as follows, the granite contains Al according to mass percentage2O3：14.6％-17.86％，SiO2：73.08％-78.02％，Fe2O3：0.90％-1.47％，CaO：0.78％-1.22％，MgO：0.05％-0.10％，K2O：4.72％-5.24％，Na2O：3.45％-3.55％，TiO2: 0.02% -1.22%. The granite is calcined at 1200 deg.C (as shown in FIG. 2), and then pulverized to obtain powder with whiteness of 4.9-11.3. The following method is adopted to separate feldspar and quartz in the yellow granite:
(1) crushing ore: breaking granite into material blocks with the particle size of less than or equal to 400 mm;
(2) grinding: putting the granite stone processed in the step (1) into a drum-type sand making granulator with a drum body diameter of 2500mm, a drum body length of 4000mm, a main engine power of 75kW, a rotating speed of 30r/min and a corundum lining plate with hardness of more than 9 grades attached to the inner wall of the drum body for grinding to obtain granite stone blocks with grain size of less than or equal to 8 mm;
(3) screening: putting the granite blocks with the particle size of less than or equal to 8mm in the step (2) into a screening machine to respectively obtain four granite blocks with the particle size of less than 0.38mm, the particle size of more than or equal to 0.38mm and less than 0.83mm, the particle size of more than or equal to 0.83mm and less than 2.36mm and the particle size of more than or equal to 2.36mm and less than 8 mm;
(4) photoelectric color selection: respectively putting the three granite blocks with the grain diameter of more than or equal to 0.38mm and less than 0.83mm, the grain diameter of more than or equal to 0.83mm and less than 2.36mm and the grain diameter of more than or equal to 2.36mm and less than 8mm obtained in the step (3) into a photoelectric color selector for photoelectric color selection, and finally respectively obtaining feldspar (shown in figure 3) and quartz (shown in figure 4); the used photoelectric color selector is provided with a CCD lens capable of scanning and capturing 7000-10000 points and a self-repairing electromagnetic valve with the frequency of less than or equal to 1600Hz, the resolution accuracy of the photoelectric color selector is less than 200 meshes of different colors, the speed of a conveyor belt is equal to 2.75m/s, the color background is set to be blue-red when feldspar is selected, and the color background is set to be red when quartz is selected;
(5) milling; respectively grinding the feldspar and the quartz obtained in the step (4) into powder to obtain feldspar powder and quartz powder;
(6) magnetic separation: and (3) respectively carrying out magnetic separation on the feldspar powder and the quartz powder obtained in the step (5) in a permanent magnet machine with the magnetic force of 6000 gauss, then respectively carrying out magnetic separation in a flat magnetic separator with the magnetic force of 10000 gauss, and finally respectively carrying out magnetic separation in a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator with the magnetic force of 14000 gauss to finally obtain feldspar (shown in figure 5), quartz (shown in figure 6) and black mica (shown in figure 7).
Respectively detecting feldspar and quartz obtained after magnetic separation, wherein the detection results are as follows:
the feldspar after magnetic separation contains the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3：18.70％，SiO2：65.88％，Fe2O3：0.07％，CaO：0.70％，MgO：0.06％，K2O：9.60％，Na2O：4.40％，TiO2: 0.01 percent. Fe in feldspar2O3The content is in the range of 0.03-0.1wt%, and the whiteness of the product after being made into a cake is 68-70 by calcining at 1200 ℃, and the calcined product is shown in figure 8.
By massThe quartz after magnetic separation comprises the following components in percentage: al (Al)2O3：0.90％，SiO2：98％，Fe2O3：0.03％，CaO：0.26％，MgO：0.07％，K2O：0.25％，Na2O：0.25％，TiO2: 0.06 percent. Fe in the quartz2O3The content is in the range of 0.03-0.1wt%, and the whiteness of the product after cake making is 95 by calcining at 1200 ℃, and the calcined product is shown in figure 9.
Therefore, the feldspar and quartz separated from the granite by the method of the invention can replace the natural high-grade feldspar and quartz.
In the invention, when grinding ore, the revolution of the drum-type sand making granulator can be any value of 25-30r/min besides 30 r/min; when in photoelectric color selection, the speed of the conveyer belt of the photoelectric color selector can be any value of 2.4-2.75m/s besides 2.75 m/s; during magnetic separation, the magnetic force of the first-stage permanent magnet machine can be any value of 6000 gauss and 5000-6000 gauss, the magnetic force of the second-stage permanent magnet machine can be any value of 8000-11000 gauss and the magnetic force of the third-stage permanent magnet machine can be any value of 14000-14000 gauss, and the effect of the invention can be realized.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for separating feldspar and quartz from granite stones, comprising the steps of:
(1) crushing ores;
(2) grinding: putting the granite stone material processed in the step (1) into a sand making granulator for grinding to obtain a granite stone block with the particle size of less than or equal to 8 mm;
(3) screening: putting the granite blocks with the particle size of less than or equal to 8mm in the step (2) into a screening machine to respectively obtain four granite blocks with the particle size of less than 0.38mm, the particle size of more than or equal to 0.38mm and less than 0.83mm, the particle size of more than or equal to 0.83mm and less than 2.36mm and the particle size of more than or equal to 2.36mm and less than 8 mm;
(4) photoelectric color selection: respectively putting the three granite blocks with the grain size of more than or equal to 0.38mm and less than 0.83mm, the grain size of more than or equal to 0.83mm and less than 2.36mm and the grain size of more than or equal to 2.36mm and less than 8mm obtained in the step (3) into a photoelectric color selector for photoelectric color selection, and finally respectively obtaining feldspar and quartz;
(5) milling; respectively grinding the feldspar and the quartz obtained in the step (4) into powder to obtain feldspar powder and quartz powder;
(6) magnetic separation: respectively putting the feldspar powder and the quartz powder obtained in the step (5) into a magnetic separator for magnetic separation, so that Fe in the feldspar powder and the quartz powder is separated2O3The content is in the range of 0.03-0.1wt% respectively; the magnetic separation is completed in three stages, namely, the magnetic separation is carried out in a permanent magnet machine with the magnetic force of 5000-.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the ore crushing is carried out by crushing granite material into blocks with a particle size of 400mm or less.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the sand making granulator is a drum-type sand granulator, the diameter of a drum body of the drum-type sand granulator is 2500mm, the length of the drum body is 4000mm, the power of a main engine is 75kW, and the rotating speed is 25-30 r/min.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the drum inner wall of the drum-type sand making and granulating machine is adhered with a corundum lining plate.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the corundum liner plate has a hardness greater than 9.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the photo color selector is provided with a CCD lens capable of scanning and capturing at 7000-10000 points, and a self-repairing solenoid valve with a frequency of 1600Hz or less; the resolution accuracy of the photoelectric color selector is less than 200 meshes of different colors, the speed of the conveyor belt is 2.4-2.75m/s, the color background is set to be blue-red when feldspar is selected, and the color background is set to be red when quartz is selected.
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| CN110639692A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-03 | 中国地质科学院郑州矿产综合利用研究所 | Method for preparing powder from granite pegmatite by coarse grain separation and dry method |
| CN110606753A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-24 | 内蒙古华宸再生资源科技有限公司 | Method for producing ceramic raw material based on physical purification technology and product |
| CN112047350A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-08 | 江西九岭新能源有限公司 | Process for extracting high-purity silicon dioxide from granite pegmatite type petalite |
| CN113042180B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-11-16 | 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所 | Method for recovering rare earth from heterolite |
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| CN102728478A (en) * | 2012-07-07 | 2012-10-17 | 蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院 | Beneficiation method for extracting feldspar and quartz from granite |
| CN103372496B (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2015-04-01 | 田辉明 | Process method for separating quartz sand, arkosic sand and iron powder from river yellow sand |
| CN104437830A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-25 | 中国地质科学院郑州矿产综合利用研究所 | Process for removing impurities and improving whiteness of calcite ore |
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