CN109012736A - A kind of composite modified titanium dioxide process for vehicle exhaust of degrading - Google Patents

A kind of composite modified titanium dioxide process for vehicle exhaust of degrading Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109012736A
CN109012736A CN201810957165.6A CN201810957165A CN109012736A CN 109012736 A CN109012736 A CN 109012736A CN 201810957165 A CN201810957165 A CN 201810957165A CN 109012736 A CN109012736 A CN 109012736A
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China
Prior art keywords
tio
carbon nanotube
walled carbon
composite modified
vehicle exhaust
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CN201810957165.6A
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许涛
郭涛
田清
马翔
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Nanjing Forestry University
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Nanjing Forestry University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24Nitrogen compounds
    • B01J27/25Nitrates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/007Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by irradiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39Photocatalytic properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01Engine exhaust gases
    • B01D2258/012Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is a kind of composite modified TiO for vehicle exhaust of degrading2Preparation method belongs to treating vehicle exhaust technical field, solves current TiO2Ultraviolet light can only be absorbed, the TiO that visible light, degradation efficiency are low, prepare is difficult to be utilized2The problem that form is not easy to control, reactivity is not high.The concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid mixed liquor is made in the present invention first, and multi-walled carbon nanotube is added, and ultrasonic disperse is heated in oil bath, stirred;Then multi-walled carbon nanotube is washed using back scrubbing, so that pH value is reached requirement, is again add to deionized water isopropyl titanate after dry, and multi-walled carbon nanotube is added, ultrasonic disperse;It is eventually adding copper nitrate solution and the concentrated sulfuric acid, after stirring, is transferred in autoclave, obtained product is washed with deionized, is dried, multi-walled carbon nanotube and the composite modified nano-TiO of copper ion is made2.The composite modified TiO of multi-walled carbon nanotube and copper ion prepared by the present invention2It can be used for vehicle exhaust of degrading, reduce to driver and conductor's body harm, improve environment quality.

Description

A kind of composite modified titanium dioxide process for vehicle exhaust of degrading
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of composite modified titanium dioxide (TiO for vehicle exhaust of degrading2) preparation method, belong to automobile Treating tail gas technical field.
Background technique
With the continuous development of Chinese national economy, highway and urban road construction are constantly improve, national motor vehicle Ownership has broken through 300,000,000, is influenced as a complete unit by market rigid demand, and the automobile market in China is in future development rank Duan Zhonghui is in high-speed development period.However, a large amount of Tail Gas that fuel-engined vehicle discharges in the process of moving, strong to people's body Health and natural environment cause serious harm.Nowadays the pollution of more serious haze weather, vehicle exhaust is also important One of reason.As developing country, the auto manufacturing technology in China is not horizontal overall high, so bicycle discharge amount is larger, row The durability for putting control performance is lower, thereby results in pollutant discharge amount substantial increase.The discharge of vehicle exhaust is to human body Health cost is very serious, stimulates respiratory tract, makes the immunity degradation of respiratory system, leads to exposed population group's chronic bronchitis, branch The disease incidence of the illnesss such as tracheitis, expiratory dyspnea increases, decline in pulmonary function symptom.Meanwhile the motor-driven vehicle tolerance of children's sucking It is adult twice, sucks these gases for a long time, anaemia, eye disease, ephritis etc. can occurs, it is " urban children that someone, which deserves to be called and states disease, Traffic disease ".Therefore, automotive emissions have attracted attention.
In recent years, there is some scholars consideration that nano-titanium dioxide is added in coating, bituminous pavement, utilize nanometer titanium dioxide The photocatalysis principle of titanium realizes the purification of vehicle exhaust in tunnel, has obtained certain achievement.Titanium dioxide is not only one kind and partly leads Body material, and be welcome one of catalyst, photocatalysis performance is excellent, nontoxic, chemical stability, cheap, so that its It is used widely in field of environmental improvement.For example, degradation toxic gas, purifying water body, deodorization etc..But due to TiO2's Band-gap energy is higher, can only be excited by the ultraviolet light in sunlight, can not efficiently use the visible light progress for accounting for sunlight about 45% Light-catalyzed reaction, therefore need effectively broadening TiO2Spectral response range, thus efficiently utilize sunlight.In addition, due to TiO2's Quantum efficiency is low, TiO2The time for generating photo-generate electron-hole separation is shorter, easily compound, therefore shifts photoproduction within a short period of time Electron hole affects TiO2Photocatalysis efficiency.
Therefore, how TiO is improved2To the absorptivity of visible light, TiO is improved2The degradation vehicle exhaust under visible light conditions Effect has become one of Important Problems of research.Although being directed to TiO2Many trials have been carried out in the adjustment of microstructure, But due to TiO2The limitation of performance itself relies on merely TiO2Application prospect as photochemical catalyst is still by very much Limitation.Therefore, the quantum yield of light-catalyzed reaction is improved by modified and the utilization rate for improving sunlight becomes and generally adopts Method, common method of modifying mainly have semiconductors coupling, rare earth doped, Metal Ions Modification, noble metal loading, Nonmetal doping etc..
People mainly prepare TiO by three kinds of liquid phase, gas phase and solid phase methods at present2.These types of method respectively has excellent lack Point.The TiO of vapor phase method preparation2With good dispersion, purity is high, granularity is small, it is seen that the advantages that transmitance.But vapor phase method Equally have the shortcomings that Preparation equipment complexity, be not easy to promote, energy consumption cost it is high.In contrast, liquid phase method have equipment it is simple, at The advantages that this is low, easy to operate, is current industrial circle, especially the primary selection of laboratory preparation.And solid phase method equipment, work Skill is relatively easy, but product quality purity is not high, is easily contaminated, and is mainly suitable for certain couples of TiO2Appearance and size requires not Stringent application.The one kind of hydro-thermal method as liquid phase method dissolves indissoluble or insoluble substance simultaneously by the environment of high temperature and pressure And recrystallize, realize the formation and modification of inorganic compound, can not only prepare one pack system tiny crystals, but can prepare bi-component or Multi-component special compound powder can not only carry out impossible reaction under room temperature but also can overcome certain high-temperature process that can not keep away The hard aggregation etc. exempted from.
Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of composite modified TiO for vehicle exhaust of degrading2Preparation method, according to hydro-thermal method Distinctive advantage prepares the good composite modified TiO of form using multi-walled carbon nanotube and copper ion2Photochemical catalyst is for degrading The main components such as hydrocarbon, oxynitrides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide in vehicle exhaust, make its optical absorption spectra band It is expanded to visible light, improves visible-light absorptivity, improve TiO2Photocatalysis efficiency, to realize its vehicle exhaust of effectively degrading Performance improves air quality.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of composite modified TiO for vehicle exhaust of degrading2Preparation method solves current TiO2Ultraviolet light can only be absorbed, the TiO that visible light, degradation efficiency are low, prepare is difficult to be utilized2Form is not easy to control, reactivity not High problem, to improve TiO2Photocatalysis efficiency.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the TiO of current conventional method preparation2It can be seen that light utilization ratio is low, photo-generate electron-hole is to easily compound With to technical problems such as automobile exhaust degrading effect differences.The present invention is first according to TiO2Photocatalysis principle, choose carbon nanotube With copper ion as dopant, then according to the good reaction condition of hydro-thermal method, the compound work of carbon nanotube and copper ion is utilized With raising TiO2The effect of photocatalyst for degrading vehicle exhaust provides a kind of composite modified TiO for vehicle exhaust of degrading2System Preparation Method.Technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid mixed liquor being made first in beaker, multi-wall carbon nano-tube is added Pipe, ultrasonic disperse are heated in oil bath, are stirred;Then multi-walled carbon nanotube is washed using refluxing unit and deionized water, makes pH Value reaches requirement, is again add to deionized water isopropyl titanate after dry, and the multi wall carbon prepared after being dried is added Nanotube, ultrasonic disperse;It is eventually adding copper nitrate solution and the concentrated sulfuric acid, after stirring, is transferred in autoclave, reaction 12 is small When after obtained product be washed with deionized, dry, ground obtained multi-walled carbon nanotube and copper ion is composite modified receives Rice TiO2.The present invention uses the multi-walled carbon nanotube and the composite modified TiO of copper ion of hydro-thermal method preparation2, further increase TiO2Make With in the process to automobile exhaust degrading effect, the purpose of road improvement traffic environment quality.
(3) beneficial effect
Current widely used treating vehicle exhaust mode is by installing vent gas treatment in automobile exhaust system Device is by facture chemically and physically come cleaning of off-gas, and in addition to this there are also new energy is improved and used to motor vehicle fuel Source controls exhaust emissions.However, the energy source of car of some feature of environmental protection easily impacts motor vehicle service life and performance, newly Energy automobile auxiliary facility it is not perfect the problems such as but also people can not effectively improve its acceptance level always.Nanoscale light Catalyst has broad application prospects, and obtain as high-efficiency environment friendly catalyst of new generation in terms of purifying vehicle exhaust processing Good progress.And since nm-class catalyst has many advantages, such as highly selective, high catalytic activity and anti-toxicity, Purifying and catalyzing efficiency is much higher than traditional catalyst.This method, which is intended to explore, a kind of prepares modified Nano TiO2Method, with realize Further play TiO2The purpose of photocatalysis efficiency.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of composite modified TiO for vehicle exhaust of degrading2Preparation method, specific implementation step is such as Under:
(1) it is 3: the 1 obtained concentrated sulfuric acids and 100 milliliters of concentrated nitric acid mixed liquor according to volume ratio in beaker, is added more than 0.5 gram Wall carbon nano tube ultrasonic disperse 5 minutes, is heated in 120 DEG C of oil baths, is stirred 15 minutes;
(2) multi-walled carbon nanotube is cleaned multiple times using Suction filtration device and deionized water, pH value is made to reach 6, in 60 DEG C of conditions Lower drying 12 hours;
(3) 20 milliliters of isopropyl titanates are added in 12 ml deionized waters, and the multi wall carbon after being dried is added Nanotube, ultrasonic disperse are handled 10 minutes;
(4) 8 milliliters of copper nitrate solutions and 24 milliliters of concentrated sulfuric acids are added, after stirring 15 minutes, being transferred to pressure is 3.5MPa Autoclave in, reacted 12 hours under the conditions of 200 DEG C;
(5) product obtained in reaction kettle is cleaned with deionized water, pH value is made to reach 6, and is dry under the conditions of 80 DEG C 24 hours, ground obtained multi-walled carbon nanotube and the composite modified nano-TiO of copper ion2

Claims (1)

1. a kind of composite modified TiO for vehicle exhaust of degrading2Preparation method, it is characterised in that the specific steps of this method are such as Under:
(1) it is 3: the 1 obtained concentrated sulfuric acids and 100 milliliters of concentrated nitric acid mixed liquor according to volume ratio in beaker, 0.5 gram of multi wall carbon is added Nanotube ultrasonic disperse 5 minutes, is heated in 120 DEG C of oil baths, is stirred 15 minutes;
(2) multi-walled carbon nanotube is cleaned multiple times using Suction filtration device and deionized water, pH value is made to reach 6, done under the conditions of 60 DEG C Dry 12 hours;
(3) 20 milliliters of isopropyl titanates are added in 12 ml deionized waters, and the multi-wall carbon nano-tube after being dried is added Pipe, ultrasonic disperse are handled 10 minutes;
(4) 8 milliliters of copper nitrate solutions and 24 milliliters of concentrated sulfuric acids are added, after stirring 15 minutes, are transferred to the height that pressure is 3.5MPa It presses in reaction kettle, is reacted 12 hours under the conditions of 200 DEG C;
(5) product obtained in reaction kettle is cleaned with deionized water, pH value is made to reach 6, and drying 24 is small under the conditions of 80 DEG C When, ground obtained multi-walled carbon nanotube and the composite modified nano-TiO of copper ion2
CN201810957165.6A 2018-08-16 2018-08-16 A kind of composite modified titanium dioxide process for vehicle exhaust of degrading Pending CN109012736A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101637720A (en) * 2009-08-26 2010-02-03 南京大学 Method for preparing catalyst for titanium dioxide loaded on carbon nano tube
CN101966449A (en) * 2010-02-11 2011-02-09 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 Method for preparing multiwall carbon nanotube-supported titanium dioxide catalyst
CN102489283A (en) * 2011-11-15 2012-06-13 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 Carbon nanotube and {001}surface TiO2 microsphere composite material photocatalyst
US20130184144A1 (en) * 2012-01-18 2013-07-18 Northwestern University Methods of making non-covalently bonded carbon-titania nanocomposite thin films and applications of the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101637720A (en) * 2009-08-26 2010-02-03 南京大学 Method for preparing catalyst for titanium dioxide loaded on carbon nano tube
CN101966449A (en) * 2010-02-11 2011-02-09 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 Method for preparing multiwall carbon nanotube-supported titanium dioxide catalyst
CN102489283A (en) * 2011-11-15 2012-06-13 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 Carbon nanotube and {001}surface TiO2 microsphere composite material photocatalyst
US20130184144A1 (en) * 2012-01-18 2013-07-18 Northwestern University Methods of making non-covalently bonded carbon-titania nanocomposite thin films and applications of the same

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SZE-MUN LAM等: ""Photocatalytic TiO2/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites for Environmental Applications: An Overview and Recent Developments"", 《FULLERENES, NANOTUBES AND CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES》 *
刘浩: ""过渡金属离子螯合TiO2改性多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)的烟气脱硫脱硝特性研究"", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》 *
张明: "《纳米与新材料专辑 2》", 30 April 2004, 材料报道社 *

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