CN109009370B

CN109009370B - Wrist joint frequently-movable external fixation support

Info

Publication number: CN109009370B
Application number: CN201810794466.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 霍仁斌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-07-19
Filing date: 2018-07-19
Publication date: 2024-07-05
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-19
Also published as: CN109009370A

Abstract

The invention relates to a wrist joint frequent movable external fixing bracket, which comprises a near-end long bracket and a far-end short bracket, wherein the near-end long bracket comprises a near-end bracket rod and a near-end connecting sleeve fixed with one end of the near-end bracket rod, and 2 single nail clamps which are in clamping sliding fit with the near-end bracket rod are arranged on the near-end bracket rod; the long-end short bracket comprises a long-end bracket rod and a long-end connecting sleeve fixed with one end of the long-end bracket rod, and 1 double-nail clamp which is in clamping sliding fit with the long-end bracket rod is arranged on the long-end bracket rod; the universal ball joint is connected to the proximal connecting sleeve of the proximal long support, the ball joint plane joint is connected to the distal connecting sleeve of the distal short support, and the proximal long support and the distal short support are connected in a matched mode through the universal ball joint and the ball joint plane joint. According to the invention, the second cam shaft is loosened, and the hand wheel is loosened to a limited extent, so that dynamic fixation is realized: the ball joint plane joint can perform fanning movement in a controlled angle range, so that the wrist joint can perform stretching and bending functional exercises frequently.

Description

Wrist joint frequently-movable external fixation support

Technical Field

The invention relates to a wrist joint frequent movable external fixing support, belonging to the field of orthopedic medical appliances.

Background

The distal radius fracture, especially the comminuted fracture of the joint surface, the external fixation of the gypsum support of the manual reduction has the defects that the support function of the fracture end cannot be provided, the joint surface of the fracture end is easy to collapse, and the fracture is easy to heal in a malformation; but has the advantages that the wrist joint can be jogged during the external fixation of the plaster support, which is beneficial to alleviating and avoiding the occurrence of joint stiffness.

The wrist joint movable bracket is an external fixing bracket for assisting the reduction growth of the distal radius fracture, the distal radius fracture is restored to a position before fracture by external force traction reduction, the wrist joint movable bracket is fixed on two sides of the bone at the fracture, the bone at the fracture is fixed and not shifted by the supporting and fixing function of the bracket so as to maintain the good reduction of the wrist joint, and the growth and healing of the bone at the fracture are promoted. The structure of the wrist joint movable bracket used at present is as follows: the device comprises a near-end long bracket and a far-end short bracket, wherein the near-end long bracket and the far-end short bracket are connected into a whole through a locking device (a ball head locking device, a rod clamp and the like), one or more rod clamp clamps are movably arranged on the near-end long bracket and the far-end short bracket respectively, and one or more clamp holes are formed in the rod clamp clamps. During operation, two bone traction nails are respectively implanted at two sides of a broken bone, the rod nail clamp of the near-end long bracket clamps the bone traction nail at one side of the broken bone and is fixed on the near-end long bracket, the rod nail clamp on the far-end short bracket clamps the bone traction nail at the other side of the broken bone and is fixed on the far-end short bracket, and the near-end long bracket and the far-end short bracket are locked at relative positions through the locking device.

The wrist movable bracket with the structural form has the main defects that: when the fracture bones are to be fixed, the long near-end bracket and the short far-end bracket are regulated by a locking device (a ball head locking device, a rod clamp and the like) before being fixed, and the wrist joint cannot be moved at any time in a static fixed state for a long time after the regulation and locking are finished, namely the mobility of the wrist joint movable bracket is temporary and cannot be kept constant, so that soft tissues such as wrist joint capsules are contracture, and the wrist joint is easy to rigidify; if the locking device (a ball head locking device, a rod clamp and the like) is temporarily loosened and the wrist joint is pulled by a manual method to exercise in the course of treatment, fracture and displacement are easy to occur; and needs professional to operate, non-professional can not operate, and orthopedics technical requirement is high, can not regularly carry out the function exercise yet, and there is the restriction in use.

Therefore, it has obvious clinical significance to develop a movable wrist support which has supporting and fixing functions and can exercise wrist functions frequently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a wrist joint frequent movable external fixing support, which aims at overcoming the defect that the conventional wrist joint external fixing support cannot exercise wrist joint functions at any time after assembly.

The invention aims to realize that the wrist joint frequently movable external fixing bracket comprises a near-end long bracket and a far-end short bracket, wherein the near-end long bracket comprises a near-end bracket rod and a near-end connecting sleeve fixed with one end of the near-end bracket rod, and 2 single nail clamps which are in clamping sliding fit with the near-end bracket rod are arranged on the near-end bracket rod; the long-end short bracket comprises a long-end bracket rod and a long-end connecting sleeve fixed with one end of the long-end bracket rod, and 1 double-nail clamp which is in clamping sliding fit with the long-end bracket rod is arranged on the long-end bracket rod; the method is characterized in that:

The proximal connecting sleeve of the proximal long bracket is connected with a universal ball joint, the distal connecting sleeve of the distal short bracket is connected with a ball joint plane joint, and the proximal long bracket and the distal short bracket are connected in a matched manner through the universal ball joint and the ball joint plane joint;

The universal ball joint comprises a universal ball, a steel bowl, a locking sleeve and a cam shaft, wherein the steel bowl is arranged in a proximal connecting sleeve, a ball head part of the universal ball is arranged in the steel bowl, and a locking sleeve thread is screwed on the proximal connecting sleeve, so that the universal ball and the steel bowl are always arranged in the proximal connecting sleeve, a first connecting arm is arranged on the universal ball, penetrates out of the locking sleeve and is arranged outside the proximal connecting sleeve, the universal ball can be universally adjusted in the steel bowl, and the first connecting arm can be universally adjusted outside the locking sleeve; the locking sleeve is screwed on the near-end connecting sleeve, so that the universal ball is connected to the near-end long bracket, and the ball head part of the universal ball can freely rotate in the steel bowl;

The side wall of the proximal connecting sleeve is provided with a sleeve hole, the cam shaft penetrates through the sleeve hole, the part of the cam shaft arranged in the proximal connecting sleeve is positioned between the steel bowl and the sleeve bottom of the proximal connecting sleeve, the cam shaft is rotated to push the steel bowl outwards, and the universal ball is clamped between the steel bowl and the locking sleeve so as to lock the universal ball;

The ball joint plane joint comprises a special-shaped universal ball, a special-shaped steel bowl, a second locking sleeve, a second cam shaft, a hand wheel, an anti-falling bolt and an anti-rotation side block, wherein the contact surface of the special-shaped steel bowl and the anti-rotation side block is a plane, the contact surface of the anti-rotation side block and the special-shaped steel bowl is also a plane, and the special-shaped steel bowl can horizontally move on the anti-rotation side block; the special-shaped steel bowl and the anti-rotation side block are arranged in the far-end connecting sleeve, one surface of the anti-rotation side block, which is away from the plane of the anti-rotation side block, is an arc surface, an arc surface thread is arranged on the arc surface, an arc connecting part is arranged at the outer wall of the far-end connecting sleeve inlet, an arc connecting part thread is arranged on the arc connecting part, and the arc surface of the anti-rotation side block and the arc connecting part of the far-end connecting sleeve form a whole circle with external threads; the bottom of the special-shaped universal ball is a plane, the special-shaped universal ball is arranged in the far-end connecting sleeve, the bottom of the special-shaped universal ball is arranged on the plane of the anti-rotation side block, and the ball head part of the special-shaped universal ball is arranged in the special-shaped steel bowl; the second locking sleeve is screwed on the arc-shaped connecting part of the distal connecting sleeve and the arc-shaped surface of the anti-rotation side block, so that the special-shaped universal ball, the special-shaped steel bowl and the anti-rotation side block are always arranged in the distal connecting sleeve, and the anti-rotation side block is fixed on the distal connecting sleeve and the second locking sleeve; the special-shaped universal ball is provided with a second connecting arm, the second connecting arm penetrates out of the second locking sleeve, and the special-shaped steel bowl can be adjusted along the horizontal direction on the anti-rotation side block, so that the second connecting arm can be adjusted in the horizontal direction outside the second locking sleeve; the ball head part of the special-shaped universal ball is placed in the special-shaped steel bowl, the anti-rotation side block is placed, the second locking sleeve is screwed on the remote connecting sleeve and the anti-rotation side block, so that the special-shaped universal ball and the anti-rotation side block are connected to the remote short bracket, and the ball head part of the special-shaped universal ball can only perform sector free rotation in the special-shaped steel bowl;

the side wall of the distal end connecting sleeve is provided with a second sleeve hole, a second cam shaft penetrates through the second sleeve hole, the part of the second cam shaft, which is arranged in the distal end connecting sleeve, is positioned between the deformed steel bowl and the sleeve bottom of the distal end connecting sleeve, the second cam shaft is rotated, the deformed steel bowl can be pushed outwards by the second cam shaft, and the deformed universal ball is clamped between the deformed steel bowl and the second locking sleeve so as to lock the deformed universal ball;

a third sleeve hole is formed in the side wall of the distal connecting sleeve, the anti-falling bolt penetrates through the third sleeve hole and extends into the distal connecting sleeve, and one end of the anti-falling bolt extending into the distal connecting sleeve is fixed with the bottom of the second cam shaft, so that the second cam shaft is prevented from sliding off the distal connecting sleeve;

The first connecting arm of the universal ball is fixedly connected with the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball, the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm form an integral connecting arm, external threads are arranged on the integral connecting arm, internal threads are arranged in the hand wheel, and the hand wheel is screwed on the integral connecting arm.

The single nail clamp comprises a first single nail clamp block, a second single nail clamp block, a third single nail clamp block, a fourth single nail clamp block, a single nail clamp bolt, a single nail clamp nut, a single nail clamp spring and a single nail clamp gasket, wherein single nail clamp round holes are formed in the centers of the first single nail clamp block, the second single nail clamp block, the third single nail clamp block and the fourth single nail clamp block, the single nail clamp bolt sequentially passes through the fourth single nail clamp block, the third single nail clamp block, the single nail clamp spring, the second single nail clamp block, the first single nail clamp block and the single nail clamp gasket, and the single nail clamp nut is screwed on the single nail clamp bolt penetrating out of one end of the single nail clamp gasket;

The second single-nail clamping block is provided with a second single-nail clamping block groove on one surface facing the third single-nail clamping block, a third single-nail clamping block groove is arranged on one surface of the third single-nail clamping block facing the second single-nail clamping block, a single-nail clamping spring is positioned between the second single-nail clamping block and the third single-nail clamping block and is arranged in the second single-nail clamping block groove and the third single-nail clamping block groove, and the second single-nail clamping block and the third single-nail clamping block have a tendency to be separated due to the elasticity of the single-nail clamping spring;

The two sides of the opposite sides of the first single-nail clamping block and the second single-nail clamping block are respectively provided with a first single-nail clamping block groove and a second single-nail clamping block lug which are mutually matched, and the second single-nail clamping block lug can be clamped in the first single-nail clamping block groove; the opposite sides of the first single-nail clamping block and the second single-nail clamping block are respectively provided with a first single-nail clamping block clamping groove and a second single-nail clamping block clamping groove which are opposite to each other, and the first single-nail clamping block clamping groove and the second single-nail clamping block clamping groove enclose a first single-nail clamping hole; the device is also provided with a proximal traction nail which is clamped in the first single-nail clamping nail hole;

The side of the opposite sides of the third single-nail clamping block and the fourth single-nail clamping block is respectively provided with a third single-nail clamping block lug and a fourth single-nail clamping block groove which are mutually matched, and the third single-nail clamping block lug can be clamped in the fourth single-nail clamping block groove; the opposite sides of the third single-rod clamping block and the fourth single-nail clamping block are respectively provided with a third single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove and a fourth single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove which are opposite to each other, and the third single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove and the fourth single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove enclose a second single-nail clamping rod hole;

The contact surfaces of the opposite sides of the second single-nail clamping block and the third single-nail clamping block are concave-convex tooth surfaces which are mutually matched, so that the second single-nail clamping block and the third single-nail clamping block can be meshed and fixed at the required positions through the dentation of the concave-convex tooth surfaces and cannot slide when rotating to the required positions.

The double-nail clamp comprises a first double-nail clamp block, a second double-nail clamp block, a third double-nail clamp block, a fourth double-nail clamp block, a double-nail clamp bolt, a double-nail clamp nut, a double-nail clamp spring and a double-nail clamp gasket; the two-pin clamping bolt sequentially passes through the fourth two-pin clamping block, the third two-pin clamping block, the two-pin clamping spring, the second two-pin clamping block, the first two-pin clamping block and the two-pin clamping gasket, and the two-pin clamping nut is screwed on the two-pin clamping bolt penetrating out of one end of the two-pin clamping gasket;

The two-pin clamping block is arranged in the first double-pin clamping block groove, and the two-pin clamping spring is arranged in the first double-pin clamping block groove and the second double-pin clamping block groove;

The opposite sides of the first double-nail clamping block and the second double-nail clamping block are respectively provided with 2 first double-nail clamping block clamping grooves and 2 second double-nail clamping block clamping grooves which are mutually matched, and the first double-nail clamping block clamping grooves and the second double-nail clamping block clamping grooves enclose a first double-nail clamping hole; the device is also provided with a distal traction nail which is clamped in the first double-nail clamping nail hole;

The side of the opposite sides of the third double-nail clamping block and the fourth double-nail clamping block is respectively provided with a third double-nail clamping block lug and a fourth double-nail clamping block groove which are mutually matched, and the third double-nail clamping block lug can be clamped in the fourth double-nail clamping block groove; the opposite sides of the third double-nail clamping block and the fourth double-nail clamping block are respectively provided with a third double-nail clamping block clamping rod groove and a fourth double-nail clamping block clamping rod groove which are opposite to each other, and the third double-nail clamping block clamping rod groove and the fourth double-nail clamping block clamping rod groove enclose a second double-nail clamping rod hole;

The contact surfaces of the opposite sides of the second double-nail clamp block and the third double-nail clamp block are concave-convex tooth surfaces which are mutually matched, so that the second double-nail clamp block and the third double-nail clamp block can be meshed and fixed at the required positions through the insections of the concave-convex tooth surfaces and cannot slide when rotating to the required positions.

The special-shaped universal ball is an irregular ball with a plane bottom, the distance from the center of the special-shaped universal ball to the plane is 1/2 of the radius of the ball, and the side plane of the special-shaped steel bowl and the plane of the special-shaped universal ball are both in the same plane.

The special-shaped steel bowl is an irregular steel bowl with a part of the side surface being a plane, the distance from the central axis of the special-shaped steel bowl to the plane of the side surface of the special-shaped steel bowl is 1/2 of the radius of the sphere, and the side planes of the special-shaped steel bowl and the plane of the special-shaped universal sphere are both in the same plane.

The anti-rotation side block is composed of four parts from the proximal end to the distal end: spherical surface part, proximal half cylinder, middle half cylinder, distal half cylinder; the tops of the spherical surface part, the near-end half cylinder, the middle half cylinder and the far-end half cylinder are all planes;

When the ball head plane joint is locked by the second locking sleeve and the second cam shaft, the plane of the special-shaped universal ball and the side plane of the special-shaped steel bowl are both in the same plane and are matched with the plane of the anti-rotation side block; the bottom plane of the far-end half cylinder of the anti-rotation side block and the second cam shaft do not generate pressure; when the second cam shaft is loosened, the anti-rotation side block cannot move along the long axis direction of the far-end short bracket and cannot axially rotate around the far-end short bracket; the special-shaped universal ball and the special-shaped steel bowl can not axially rotate around the far-end short support, and the plane on the inner side of the anti-rotation side block can limit the special-shaped universal ball to rotate only in a single plane.

The first connecting arm of the universal ball is a first flat head round rod, the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball is a second flat head round rod, a round hole is formed in the center of the second flat head round rod, the first flat head round rod is matched with the round hole, a first pin hole and a second pin hole are formed in the near end of the first flat head round rod and the far end of the second flat head round rod respectively, the pin shaft clamps the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm together through the first pin hole and the second pin hole, and the universal ball and the special-shaped universal ball are fixedly connected with each other through the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm.

The hand wheel is provided with an internal thread hole, the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball is provided with external threads, and the hand wheel is screwed on the external threads of the second connecting arm through the internal thread hole, so that the hand wheel threads are screwed on the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball; the two end planes of the hand wheel are respectively the same as the outer diameters of the first locking sleeve and the second locking sleeve, a spherical groove is formed in one surface of the hand wheel facing the far-end bracket, and the hand wheel is matched with the spherical surfaces of the special-shaped universal ball and the anti-rotation side block when the ball head plane joint is locked and the hand wheel is in close contact with the second locking sleeve.

The diameter of the first connecting arm of the universal ball at the starting position of the connection of the universal ball is smaller than that of the first connecting arms of other parts, so that the moving range of the universal ball joint is enlarged; the diameter of the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball at the starting position of the connection of the special-shaped universal ball is smaller than that of the second connecting arm of the other parts, so that the movable range of the ball head plane joint of the special-shaped universal ball is enlarged.

The cam shafts and the second cam shaft both comprise screw caps and cam rods, the diameters of cylinders at the two ends of the cam rods are the same and are respectively matched with sleeve holes on the side wall of the proximal connecting sleeve, second sleeve holes and third sleeve holes on the side wall of the distal connecting sleeve, and the minimum diameter of the middle part of the cam rods is smaller than the diameter of cylinders at the two ends of the cam rods;

The center of the cam rod of the second cam shaft is provided with a threaded hole, the anti-falling bolt is provided with external threads matched with the threaded hole in the center of the cam rod on the second cam shaft, and the anti-falling bolt is screwed in the threaded hole in the center of the cam rod on the second cam shaft;

The diameters of nuts of the cam shaft, the second cam shaft and the anti-falling bolt are larger than those of corresponding sleeve holes in the side wall of the connecting sleeve, the diameters of the second sleeve holes and the third sleeve holes in the side wall of the connecting sleeve, and inner hexagonal holes are formed in the outer sides of the nuts.

The invention has the advantages of easy production and manufacture and convenient use, and the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. Compared with a common wrist joint movable bracket of a double-universal ball joint, the single-nail clamp and the double-nail clamp can be universally adjusted, and the defect that the movement range of a ball joint plane joint is limited can be effectively overcome; firstly, fully separating a hand wheel from a second locking sleeve, wherein the adjusting angle range and the static locking function of the invention are not lower than those of the traditional double-ball-head joint wrist joint bracket;

2. The universal ball joint, the locking sleeve on the ball joint plane joint connecting device and the cam shaft which are connected with the near-end long bracket and the far-end short bracket are respectively locked, and the wrist joint external fixing bracket has the function of static fixing of the common wrist joint external fixing bracket; 3. on the basis of the above, the second cam shaft on the far-end short bracket is loosened, and then the hand wheel is unscrewed to a limited extent, so that the ball head plane joint can perform sector movement in a controlled angle range; the wrist joint gap can be widened by a distance of several millimeters when the reduction fracture end is anatomically reduced by manual traction and the bracket is statically fixed compared with the wrist joint gap when the bracket is normal, and the longitudinal sliding distance of the bracket is only about 1 millimeter when the second cam shaft is loosened and locked, so that the supporting and fixing effect on the fracture part of the wrist joint is not actually influenced when the second cam shaft is loosened.

After static fixation, the second cam shaft on the far-end short bracket is loosened, and then the hand wheel is unscrewed to a limited extent, so that the dynamic fixation state is achieved: the ball joint plane joint can perform fanning movement within a controlled angle range, so that the wrist joint can perform stretching and bending functional exercises frequently, namely the invention can perform wrist joint functional exercises frequently, and can effectively relieve and prevent wrist joint stiffness.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an explosive structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a universal ball joint and a ball joint plane joint part according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an anti-rotation side block according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1 proximal long leg, 1-1 proximal bracket bar, 1-2 proximal connecting sleeve, 2 distal short leg, 2-1 distal bracket bar, 2-2 distal connecting sleeve, 3 universal ball joint, 301 universal ball, 3011 first flat head round bar, 3012 first pin hole, 302 steel bowl, 303 locking sleeve, 304 cam shaft, 4 ball joint, 401 profiled universal ball, 4011 second flat head round bar, 4012 round hole, 4013 second pin hole, 402 profiled steel bowl, 403 second locking sleeve, 404 second cam shaft, 405 anti-drop bolt, 406 anti-rotation lateral block, 4061 ball face, 4062 proximal half cylinder, 4063 middle half cylinder, 4064 distal half cylinder, 407 hand wheel, 4014 pin shaft, 5 single pin clamp, 5-1 first single pin clamp hole, 5-2 second single pin clamp rod hole, 501 first single pin clamp block 5011 a first single-pin clamp block groove, 502 a second single-pin clamp block, 5021 a second single-pin clamp block bump, 503 a third single-pin clamp block, 5031 a third single-pin clamp block bump, 504 a fourth single-pin clamp block, 5041 a fourth single-pin clamp block groove, 505 a single-pin clamp bolt, 506 a single-pin clamp nut, 507 a single-pin clamp spring, 508 a single-pin clamp pad, 509 a proximal traction pin, 6a double-pin clamp, 6a first double-pin clamp nail hole, 6a 2 a double-pin clamp nail hole, 601 a first double-pin clamp block, 602 a second double-pin clamp block, 603 a third double-pin clamp block, 6031 a third double-pin clamp block bump, 604 a fourth double-pin clamp block groove, 6041 a double-pin clamp bolt, 606 a double-pin clamp nut, 607 a double-pin clamp spring, 608 a double-pin clamp pad, 609 a distal traction pin.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.

The wrist joint frequent movable external fixing support comprises a near-end long support 1 and a far-end short support 2, wherein the near-end long support 1 comprises a near-end support rod 1-1 and a near-end connecting sleeve 1-2 fixed with one end of the near-end support rod 1-1, and 2 single-nail clamps 5 which are in clamping and sliding fit with the near-end support rod 1-1 are arranged on the near-end support rod 1-1; the far-end short bracket 2 comprises a far-end bracket rod 2-1 and a far-end connecting sleeve 2-2 fixed with one end of the far-end bracket rod 2-1, and the far-end bracket rod 2-1 is provided with 1 double-nail clamp 6 which is in clamping sliding fit with the far-end bracket rod 2-1.

The proximal connecting sleeve 1-2 of the proximal long bracket 1 is connected with a universal ball joint 3, the distal connecting sleeve 2-2 of the distal short bracket 2 is connected with a ball joint plane joint 4, and the proximal long bracket 1 and the distal short bracket 2 are connected in a matched manner through the universal ball joint 3 and the ball joint plane joint 4.

The universal ball joint 3 comprises a universal ball 301, a steel bowl 302, a locking sleeve 303 and a cam shaft 304, wherein the steel bowl 302 is arranged in a proximal connecting sleeve 1-2, the ball head part of the universal ball 301 is arranged in the steel bowl 302, the locking sleeve 303 is screwed on the proximal connecting sleeve 1-2 through threads, so that the universal ball 301 and the steel bowl (302 are always arranged in the proximal connecting sleeve 1-2, a first connecting arm is arranged on the universal ball 301, the first connecting arm penetrates out of the locking sleeve 303 and is arranged outside the proximal connecting sleeve 1-2, the universal ball 301 can be universally adjusted in the steel bowl 302, the first connecting arm can be universally adjusted outside the locking sleeve 303, namely, the locking sleeve 303 is screwed on the proximal connecting sleeve 1-2, the universal ball 301 is connected on a proximal long bracket 1, and the ball head part of the universal ball 301 can freely rotate in the steel bowl 302.

A sleeve hole is formed in the side wall of the proximal connecting sleeve 1-2, a cam shaft 304 penetrates through the sleeve hole, the part of the cam shaft 304, which is arranged in the proximal connecting sleeve 1-2, is positioned between the steel bowl 302 and the sleeve bottom of the proximal connecting sleeve 1-2, the cam shaft 304 is rotated, the cam shaft 304 can push the steel bowl 302 outwards, and the universal ball 301 is clamped between the steel bowl 302 and the locking sleeve 303, so that the universal ball 301 is locked.

The ball-head plane joint 4 comprises a special-shaped universal ball 401, a special-shaped steel bowl 402, a second locking sleeve 403, a second cam shaft 404, a hand wheel 407, an anti-falling bolt 405 and an anti-rotation side block 406, wherein the contact surface of the special-shaped steel bowl 402 and the anti-rotation side block 406 is a plane, the contact surface of the anti-rotation side block 406 and the special-shaped steel bowl 402 is a plane, and the special-shaped steel bowl 402 can horizontally move on the anti-rotation side block 406; the deformed steel bowl 402 and the anti-rotation side block 406 are arranged in the far-end connecting sleeve 2-2, one surface of the anti-rotation side block 406, which is away from the plane of the anti-rotation side block, is an arc surface, an arc surface thread is arranged on the arc surface, an arc connecting part is arranged at the outer wall of the inlet of the far-end connecting sleeve 2-2, an arc connecting part thread is arranged on the arc connecting part, and the arc surface of the anti-rotation side block 406 and the arc connecting part of the far-end connecting sleeve 2-2 form a whole circle with external threads; the bottom of the special-shaped universal ball 401 is a plane, the special-shaped universal ball 401 is arranged in the far-end connecting sleeve 2-2, the bottom of the special-shaped universal ball 401 is arranged on the plane of the anti-rotation side block 406, and the ball head part of the special-shaped universal ball 401 is arranged in the special-shaped steel bowl 402; the second locking sleeve 403 is screwed on the arc surface of the arc-shaped connecting part of the distal connecting sleeve 2-2 and the anti-rotation side block 406, so that the special-shaped universal ball 401, the special-shaped steel bowl 402 and the anti-rotation side block 406 are always arranged in the distal connecting sleeve 2-2, and the anti-rotation side block 406 is fixed on the distal connecting sleeve 2-2 and the second locking sleeve 403; the special-shaped universal ball 401 is provided with a second connecting arm, the second connecting arm penetrates out of the second locking sleeve 403, and the special-shaped steel bowl 402 can be adjusted along the upper horizontal direction of the anti-rotation side block 406, so that the second connecting arm can be adjusted along the outer horizontal direction of the second locking sleeve 403; that is, the ball head part of the special-shaped universal ball 401 is placed in the special-shaped steel bowl 402, the anti-rotation side block 406 is placed, the second locking sleeve 403 is screwed on the far-end connecting sleeve 2-2 and the anti-rotation side block 402, so that the special-shaped universal ball 401 and the anti-rotation side block 402 are connected to the far-end short bracket 2, and the ball head part of the special-shaped universal ball 401 can only perform sector free rotation in the special-shaped steel bowl 403.

A second sleeve hole is formed in the side wall of the distal connecting sleeve 2-2, a second cam shaft 404 penetrates through the second sleeve hole, the part of the second cam shaft 404 arranged in the distal connecting sleeve 2-2 is positioned between the deformed steel bowl 402 and the sleeve bottom of the distal connecting sleeve 2-2, the second cam shaft 404 is rotated, the second cam shaft 404 can push the deformed steel bowl 402 outwards, and the deformed universal ball 401 is clamped between the deformed steel bowl 402 and the second locking sleeve 403 so as to lock the deformed universal ball 401;

A third sleeve hole is formed in the side wall of the distal connecting sleeve 2-2, the anti-falling bolt 405 penetrates through the third sleeve hole and extends into the distal connecting sleeve 2-2, and one end of the anti-falling bolt 405 extending into the distal connecting sleeve 2-2 is fixed with the bottom of the second cam shaft 404, so that the second cam shaft 404 is prevented from sliding off the distal connecting sleeve 2-2.

The first connecting arm of the universal ball 301 is fixedly connected with the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball 401, the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm form an integral connecting arm, external threads are arranged on the integral connecting arm, internal threads are arranged in the hand wheel 407, and the hand wheel 407 is screwed on the integral connecting arm.

The single nail clamp 5 comprises a first single nail clamp block 501, a second single nail clamp block 502, a third single nail clamp block 503, a fourth single nail clamp block 504, a single nail clamp bolt 505, a single nail clamp nut 506, a single nail clamp spring 507 and a single nail clamp gasket 508, wherein single nail clamp round holes are formed in the centers of the first single nail clamp block 501, the second single nail clamp block 502, the third single nail clamp block 503 and the fourth single nail clamp block 504, the single nail clamp bolt 505 sequentially passes through the fourth single nail clamp block 504, the third single nail clamp block 503, the single nail clamp spring 507, the second single nail clamp block 502, the first single nail clamp block 501 and the single nail clamp gasket 508, and the single nail clamp nut 506 is screwed on the single nail clamp bolt 505 penetrating out of one end of the single nail clamp gasket 508.

The second single-nail clamping block groove is formed in one face, facing the third single-nail clamping block 503, of the second single-nail clamping block 502, the third single-nail clamping block groove is formed in one face, facing the second single-nail clamping block 502, of the third single-nail clamping block 503, the single-nail clamping spring 507 is located between the second single-nail clamping block 502 and the third single-nail clamping block 503, and is arranged in the second single-nail clamping block groove and the third single-nail clamping block groove, and the second single-nail clamping block 502 and the third single-nail clamping block 503 have a separation trend due to the elastic force of the single-nail clamping spring 507.

A first single-nail clamping block groove 5011 and a second single-nail clamping block bump 5021 which are mutually matched are respectively arranged on one side of the opposite sides of the first single-nail clamping block 501 and the second single-nail clamping block 502, and the second single-nail clamping block bump 5021 can be clamped in the first single-nail clamping block groove 5011; opposite first single-nail clamping block clamping grooves and second single-nail clamping block clamping grooves are respectively formed in the other side of the opposite surfaces of the first single-nail clamping block 501 and the second single-nail clamping block 502, and the first single-nail clamping block clamping grooves and the second single-nail clamping block clamping grooves enclose a first single-nail clamping nail hole 5-1; a proximal traction screw 509 is further provided, and the proximal traction screw 509 is clamped in the first single-screw clamping screw hole 5-1.

A third single-nail clamping block protrusion 5031 and a fourth single-nail clamping block groove 5041 which are mutually matched are respectively arranged on one side of the opposite sides of the third single-nail clamping block 503 and the fourth single-nail clamping block 504, and the third single-nail clamping block protrusion 5031 can be clamped in the fourth single-nail clamping block groove 5041; the opposite sides of the third single-nail clamping block 503 and the fourth single-nail clamping block 504 are respectively provided with a third single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove and a fourth single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove, and the third single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove and the fourth single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove enclose a second single-nail clamping rod hole 5-2.

The contact surfaces of the opposite sides of the second single-nail clamping block 502 and the third single-nail clamping block 503 are concave-convex tooth surfaces which are mutually matched, so that when the second single-nail clamping block 502 and the third single-nail clamping block 503 rotate to the required positions, the second single-nail clamping block 502 and the third single-nail clamping block 503 can be meshed and fixed at the required positions through the dents of the concave-convex tooth surfaces and do not slide.

The double-nail clamp 6 comprises a first double-nail clamp block 601, a second double-nail clamp block 602, a third double-nail clamp block 603, a fourth double-nail clamp block 604, a double-nail clamp bolt 605, a double-nail clamp nut 606, a double-nail clamp spring 607 and a double-nail clamp gasket 608; the center of each of the first double-nail clamping block 601, the second double-nail clamping block 602, the third double-nail clamping block 603 and the fourth double-nail clamping block 604 is provided with a double-nail clamping round hole, the double-nail clamping bolt 605 sequentially penetrates through the fourth double-nail clamping block 604, the third double-nail clamping block 603, the double-nail clamping spring 607, the second double-nail clamping block 602, the first double-nail clamping block 601 and the double-nail clamping pad 608, and the double-nail clamping nut 606 is screwed on the double-nail clamping bolt 605 penetrating out of one end of the double-nail clamping pad 608.

The second double-nail clamping block groove is formed in one face, facing the third double-nail clamping block 603, of the second double-nail clamping block 602, the third double-nail clamping block 603 is provided with the third double-nail clamping block groove in one face, facing the second double-nail clamping block 602, of the third double-nail clamping block 603, the double-nail clamping spring 607 is located between the second double-nail clamping block 602 and the third double-nail clamping block 603 and is arranged in the second double-nail clamping block groove and the third double-nail clamping block groove, and the second double-nail clamping block 602 and the third double-nail clamping block 603 have a separation trend due to the elasticity of the double-nail clamping spring 607.

2 First double-nail clamping block nail clamping grooves and 2 second double-nail clamping block nail clamping grooves which are mutually matched are respectively formed in the opposite sides of the first double-nail clamping block 601 and the second double-nail clamping block 602, and the first double-nail clamping block nail clamping grooves and the second double-nail clamping block nail clamping grooves enclose a first double-nail clamping nail hole 6-1; distal traction nails 609 are also provided, and the distal traction nails 609 are clamped in the first double-nail clamping nail holes 6-1. A third double-nail clamping block projection 6031 and a fourth double-nail clamping block groove 6041 which are mutually matched are respectively arranged on one side of the opposite sides of the third double-nail clamping block 603 and the fourth double-nail clamping block 604, and the third double-nail clamping block projection 6031 can be clamped in the fourth double-nail clamping block groove 6041; the opposite sides of the third double-nail clamping block 603 and the fourth double-nail clamping block 604 are respectively provided with a third double-nail clamping block clamping groove and a fourth double-nail clamping block clamping rod groove which are opposite to each other, and the third double-nail clamping block clamping rod groove and the fourth double-nail clamping block clamping rod groove are surrounded to form a double-nail clamping rod hole 6-2;

The contact surfaces of the opposite sides of the second double-nail clamping block 602 and the third double-nail clamping block 603 are concave-convex tooth surfaces which are mutually matched, so that when the second double-nail clamping block 602 and the third double-nail clamping block 603 rotate to the required positions, the second double-nail clamping block 602 and the third double-nail clamping block 603 can be meshed and fixed at the required positions through the dents of the concave-convex tooth surfaces and do not slide.

The special-shaped universal ball 401 is an irregular ball with a plane bottom, the distance from the center of the special-shaped universal ball 401 to the plane is 1/2 of the radius of the ball, and the side plane of the special-shaped steel bowl 402 and the plane of the special-shaped universal ball 401 are both in the same plane.

The deformed steel bowl 402 is an irregular steel bowl with a part of plane side surfaces, the distance from the central axis of the deformed steel bowl 402 to the plane of the side surfaces of the deformed steel bowl 402 is 1/2 of the radius of the sphere, and the plane of the side surfaces of the deformed steel bowl 402 and the plane of the deformed universal ball (401) are both in the same plane.

The anti-rotation side block 406 is composed of four parts from the proximal end to the distal end: spherical portion 4061, proximal half cylinder 4062, intermediate half cylinder 4063, distal half cylinder 4064; the tops of the spherical portion 4061, the proximal half cylinder 4062, the middle half cylinder 4063 and the distal half cylinder 4064 are all plane.

When the ball-end plane joint 4 is locked by the second locking sleeve 403 and the second cam shaft 404, the plane of the special-shaped universal ball 401 and the side plane of the special-shaped steel bowl 402 are both in the same plane and are matched with the plane of the anti-rotation side block 406; the bottom plane of distal half cylinder 4024 of anti-rotation side block 406 and second camshaft 404 do not create pressure; the anti-rotation side block 406 cannot move along the long axis direction of the distal short bracket 2 when the second cam shaft 404 is released, and cannot axially rotate around the distal short bracket 2; the special-shaped universal ball 401 and the special-shaped bowl 402 cannot axially rotate around the far-end short support 2, and the plane inside the anti-rotation side block 406 is used for limiting the special-shaped universal ball (the special-shaped universal ball 401 can only rotate in a single plane).

The first connecting arm of the universal ball 301 is a first flat head round rod 3011, the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball 401 is a second flat head round rod 4011, a round hole 4012 is formed in the center of the second flat head round rod 4011, the first flat head round rod 3011 is matched with the round hole 4012, a first pin hole 3012 and a second pin hole 4013 are formed in the proximal end of the first flat head round rod 3011 and the distal end of the second flat head round rod 4011 respectively, a pin shaft 4014 clamps the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm together through the first pin hole 3012 and the second pin hole 4013, and the universal ball 301 and the special-shaped universal ball 401 are fixedly connected with each other through the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm.

An internal thread hole is formed in the hand wheel 407, an external thread is formed in the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball 401, the hand wheel 407 is screwed on the external thread of the second connecting arm through the internal thread hole, and the hand wheel 407 is screwed on the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball 401; the two end planes of the hand wheel 407 are respectively the same as the outer diameters of the first locking sleeve 303 and the second locking sleeve 403, a spherical groove 4071 is arranged on one surface of the hand wheel 407 facing the far-end bracket 2, and when the ball-head plane joint 4 is locked and the hand wheel 407 is tightly contacted with the second locking sleeve 403, the hand wheel is matched with the spherical surfaces of the special universal ball 401 and the anti-rotation side block 402.

The diameter of the first connecting arm of the universal ball 301 at the beginning of the connection of the universal ball is smaller than that of the first connecting arm of other parts, so as to enlarge the movement range of the joint of the universal ball 301; the diameter of the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball 401 at the beginning of the connection of the special-shaped universal ball 401 is smaller than that of the second connecting arm of other parts, so that the movement range of the ball joint plane joint of the special-shaped universal ball 401 is enlarged.

The cam shafts 304 and 404 comprise nuts and cam rods, the diameters of the cylinders at the two ends of the cam rods are the same and are respectively matched with the sleeve holes on the side wall of the proximal connecting sleeve 1-2, the second sleeve holes and the third sleeve holes on the side wall of the distal connecting sleeve 2-2, and the minimum diameter of the middle part of the cam rod is smaller than the diameter of the cylinders at the two ends of the cam rod; a threaded hole is formed in the center of a cam rod of the second cam shaft 404, an external thread matched with the threaded hole in the center of the cam rod of the second cam shaft 404 is arranged on the anti-falling bolt 405, and the anti-falling bolt 405 is screwed into the threaded hole in the center of the cam rod of the second cam shaft 404; the diameters of nuts of the cam shaft 304, the second cam shaft 404 and the anti-falling bolt 405 are larger than the diameters of sleeve holes on the side wall of the corresponding connecting sleeve 1-2, the diameters of the second sleeve holes and the third sleeve holes on the side wall of the connecting sleeve 2-2, and inner hexagonal holes are formed in the outer sides of the nuts.

In operation, after the distal end fracture of the traction radius is well reset, 2 holes are drilled on the back side of the second metacarpal bone to screw two distal end traction nails 609, and the distal end traction nails 609 are connected and connected to the distal end short bracket 2 through double-nail clamps; 2 holes are drilled on the radius, two proximal traction nails 509 are screwed, and the two proximal traction nails 509 are connected to the proximal long bracket 1 through two single nail clamps 5; a steel bowl 302 is placed in a proximal connecting sleeve 1-2 on the opposite end surfaces of a proximal bracket rod 1-1 and a universal ball joint 3 on a proximal long bracket 1, a ball head part of a universal ball 301 is placed in the steel bowl 302, the universal ball 301 is connected to the proximal long bracket 1 through threads by a locking sleeve 303, and a cam shaft 304 is arranged in a sleeve hole of the proximal connecting sleeve 1-2 of the proximal long bracket 1; the second cam shaft 404 and the anti-drop bolt 405 are respectively arranged in the second sleeve hole and the third sleeve hole of the distal connecting sleeve 2-2 of the distal short bracket 2, the special-shaped steel bowl 402 is arranged in the distal connecting sleeve 2-2 on the end face opposite to the end face of the distal short bracket 2 and the end face of the ball joint 4, the ball head part of the special-shaped universal ball 401 is arranged in the special-shaped steel bowl 402, the bottom plane of the special-shaped steel bowl 402 and the special-shaped universal ball 401 are adjusted to be in the same plane with the side section of the distal connecting sleeve 2-2 of the distal short bracket 2, the top plane of the anti-rotation side block 406 is matched with the side plane of the component, and the universal ball joint 3 and the end face joint 4 connecting device are connected on the distal short bracket 2 through threads of the second locking sleeve 403.

The position of the frequently-moving type external fixing support is adjusted, wherein the plane movement direction of the ball-end plane joint 4 is consistent with the direction of the simulated stretch-bend function exercise after the wrist joint is reset and fixed, all the two single-nail clamps 5, the one double-nail clamp 6, the locking sleeve 303 and the second locking sleeve 403 are locked, the cam shaft 304 and the second cam shaft 404 are locked, the hand wheel 407 is screwed against the second locking sleeve 403 of the ball-end plane joint 4 again, and the static fixation of the traditional wrist joint external fixing support is realized.

Then, a second cam shaft 404 of the ball-end planar joint 4 is loosened, finally, the hand wheel 407 is unscrewed in a limited way relative to the second locking sleeve 403 of the ball-end planar joint 4, the distal short support 2 performs fanning movement with the ball-end planar joint 4, the movement range can be adjusted through the hand wheel 407, the real dynamic fixation of the wrist joint is realized, and the aim of regular functional exercise can be achieved.

The wrist joint regular movable bracket with the structure combines static fixation with dynamic fixation, thereby creating a new function that the wrist joint bracket can be fixed for regular extension and flexion exercise; the operation is convenient, and the safety coefficient is higher; must be installed for the first time by a skilled technician; later, non-professional technicians can regularly exercise wrist joint functions under the guidance of professional technicians, and complications such as joint stiffness are prevented.

While only certain embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. The wrist joint frequent movable external fixing support comprises a near-end long support (1) and a far-end short support (2), wherein the near-end long support (1) comprises a near-end support rod (1-1) and a near-end connecting sleeve (1-2) fixed with one end of the near-end support rod (1-1), and 2 single nail clamps (5) which are in clamping sliding fit with the near-end support rod (1-1) are arranged on the near-end support rod (1-1); the long-end short bracket (2) comprises a long-end bracket rod (2-1) and a long-end connecting sleeve (2-2) fixed with one end of the long-end bracket rod (2-1), wherein the long-end bracket rod (2-1) is provided with 1 double-nail clamp (6) which is in clamping sliding fit with the long-end bracket rod (2-1); the method is characterized in that:

The universal ball joint (3) is connected to the proximal connecting sleeve (1-2) of the proximal long support (1), the ball joint plane joint (4) is connected to the distal connecting sleeve (2-2) of the distal short support (2), and the proximal long support (1) and the distal short support (2) are connected in a matched mode through the universal ball joint (3) and the ball joint plane joint (4);

The universal ball joint (3) comprises a universal ball (301), a steel bowl (302), a first locking sleeve (303) and a cam shaft (304), wherein the steel bowl (302) is arranged in a proximal connecting sleeve (1-2), a ball head part of the universal ball (301) is arranged in the steel bowl (302), the first locking sleeve (303) is screwed on the proximal connecting sleeve (1-2) through threads, the universal ball (301) and the steel bowl (302) are always arranged in the proximal connecting sleeve (1-2), a first connecting arm is arranged on the universal ball (301), the first connecting arm penetrates out of the first locking sleeve (303) and is arranged outside the proximal connecting sleeve (1-2), and the universal ball (301) can be universally adjusted in the steel bowl (302) so that the first connecting arm can be universally adjusted outside the first locking sleeve (303); namely, the first locking sleeve (303) is screwed on the proximal connecting sleeve (1-2) so that the universal ball (301) is connected to the proximal long bracket (1), and the ball head part of the universal ball (301) can freely rotate in the steel bowl (302);

A sleeve hole is formed in the side wall of the proximal connecting sleeve (1-2), a cam shaft (304) penetrates through the sleeve hole, a part of the cam shaft (304) arranged in the proximal connecting sleeve (1-2) is positioned between the steel bowl (302) and the sleeve bottom of the proximal connecting sleeve (1-2), the cam shaft (304) is rotated, the cam shaft (304) can push the steel bowl (302) outwards, and the universal ball (301) is clamped between the steel bowl (302) and the first locking sleeve (303) so as to lock the universal ball (301);

The ball head plane joint (4) comprises a special-shaped universal ball (401), a special-shaped steel bowl (402), a second locking sleeve (403), a second cam shaft (404), a hand wheel (407), an anti-falling bolt (405) and an anti-rotation side block (406), wherein the contact surface of the special-shaped steel bowl (402) and the anti-rotation side block (406) is a plane, the contact surface of the anti-rotation side block (406) and the special-shaped steel bowl (402) is also a plane, and the special-shaped steel bowl (402) can horizontally move on the anti-rotation side block (406); the special-shaped steel bowl (402) and the anti-rotation side block (406) are arranged in the far-end connecting sleeve (2-2), one surface of the anti-rotation side block (406) facing away from the plane of the anti-rotation side block is an arc surface, an arc surface thread is arranged on the arc surface, an arc connecting part is arranged at the outer wall of an inlet of the far-end connecting sleeve (2-2), an arc connecting part thread is arranged on the arc connecting part, and the arc surface of the anti-rotation side block (406) and the arc connecting part of the far-end connecting sleeve (2-2) form a whole circle with external threads; the bottom of the special-shaped universal ball (401) is a plane, the special-shaped universal ball (401) is arranged in the far-end connecting sleeve (2-2), the bottom of the special-shaped universal ball (401) is arranged on the plane of the anti-rotation side block (406), and the ball head part of the special-shaped universal ball (401) is arranged in the special-shaped steel bowl (402); the second locking sleeve (403) is screwed on the arc surface of the arc-shaped connecting part of the distal connecting sleeve (2-2) and the anti-rotation side block (406), so that the special-shaped universal ball (401), the special-shaped steel bowl (402) and the anti-rotation side block (406) are always arranged in the distal connecting sleeve (2-2), and the anti-rotation side block (406) is fixed on the distal connecting sleeve (2-2) and the second locking sleeve (403); the special-shaped universal ball (401) is provided with a second connecting arm, the second connecting arm penetrates out of the second locking sleeve (403), and the special-shaped steel bowl (402) can be adjusted along the horizontal direction on the anti-rotation side block (406), so that the second connecting arm can be adjusted in the horizontal direction outside the second locking sleeve (403); namely, the ball head part of the special-shaped universal ball (401) is placed in the special-shaped steel bowl (402), and then the anti-rotation side block (406) is placed, the second locking sleeve (403) is screwed on the far-end connecting sleeve (2-2) and the anti-rotation side block (406), so that the special-shaped universal ball (401) and the anti-rotation side block (406) are connected to the far-end short bracket (2), and the ball head part of the special-shaped universal ball (401) can only perform sector free rotation in the special-shaped steel bowl (402);

A second sleeve hole is formed in the side wall of the distal connecting sleeve (2-2), a second cam shaft (404) penetrates through the second sleeve hole, the part of the second cam shaft (404) arranged in the distal connecting sleeve (2-2) is positioned between the deformed steel bowl (402) and the sleeve bottom of the distal connecting sleeve (2-2), the second cam shaft (404) is rotated, the deformed steel bowl (402) can be pushed outwards by the second cam shaft (404), and the deformed universal ball (401) is clamped between the deformed steel bowl (402) and the second locking sleeve (403) so as to lock the deformed universal ball (401);

A third sleeve hole is formed in the side wall of the distal connecting sleeve (2-2), an anti-falling bolt (405) penetrates through the third sleeve hole to extend into the distal connecting sleeve (2-2), and one end of the anti-falling bolt (405) extending into the distal connecting sleeve (2-2) is fixed with the bottom of the second cam shaft (404), so that the second cam shaft (404) is prevented from sliding off the distal connecting sleeve (2-2);

The first connecting arm of the universal ball (301) is fixedly connected with the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball (401), the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm form an integral connecting arm, external threads are arranged on the integral connecting arm, internal threads are arranged in the hand wheel (407), and the hand wheel (407) is screwed on the integral connecting arm.

2. The wrist-joint-immobilized outer fixing support of claim 1, wherein: the single-nail clamp (5) comprises a first single-nail clamp block (501), a second single-nail clamp block (502), a third single-nail clamp block (503), a fourth single-nail clamp block (504), a single-nail clamp bolt (505), a single-nail clamp nut (506), a single-nail clamp spring (507) and a single-nail clamp gasket (508), wherein single-nail clamp round holes are formed in the centers of the first single-nail clamp block (501), the second single-nail clamp block (502), the third single-nail clamp block (503) and the fourth single-nail clamp block (504), the single-nail clamp bolt (505) sequentially penetrates through the fourth single-nail clamp block (504), the third single-nail clamp block (503), the single-nail clamp spring (507), the second single-nail clamp block (502), the first single-nail clamp block (501) and the single-nail clamp gasket (508), and the single-nail clamp nut (506) is screwed on the single-nail clamp bolt (505) penetrating out of one end of the single-nail clamp gasket (508);

A second single-nail clamping block groove is formed in one surface of the second single-nail clamping block (502) facing the third single-nail clamping block (503), a third single-nail clamping block groove is formed in one surface of the third single-nail clamping block (503) facing the second single-nail clamping block (502), a single-nail clamping spring (507) is positioned between the second single-nail clamping block (502) and the third single-nail clamping block (503) and is arranged in the second single-nail clamping block groove and the third single-nail clamping block groove, and the second single-nail clamping block (502) and the third single-nail clamping block (503) have a separation trend due to the elasticity of the single-nail clamping spring (507);

One side of the opposite surfaces of the first single-nail clamping block (501) and the second single-nail clamping block (502) is respectively provided with a first single-nail clamping block groove (5011) and a second single-nail clamping block lug (5021) which are mutually matched, and the second single-nail clamping block lug (5021) can be clamped in the first single-nail clamping block groove (5011); opposite first single-nail clamping block clamping grooves and second single-nail clamping block clamping grooves are respectively formed in the other sides of the opposite surfaces of the first single-nail clamping block (501) and the second single-nail clamping block (502), and the first single-nail clamping block clamping grooves and the second single-nail clamping block clamping grooves enclose a first single-nail clamping nail hole (5-1); the device is also provided with a proximal traction nail (509), and the proximal traction nail (509) is clamped in a first single-nail clamping nail hole (5-1);

The opposite sides of the third single-nail clamping block (503) and the fourth single-nail clamping block (504) are respectively provided with a third single-nail clamping block convex block (5031) and a fourth single-nail clamping block groove (5041) which are mutually matched, and the third single-nail clamping block convex block (5031) can be clamped in the fourth single-nail clamping block groove (5041); the opposite sides of the third single-nail clamping block (503) and the fourth single-nail clamping block (504) are respectively provided with a third single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove and a fourth single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove which are opposite, and the third single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove and the fourth single-nail clamping block clamping rod groove enclose a second single-nail clamping rod hole (5-2);

The contact surfaces of the opposite sides of the second single-nail clamping block (502) and the third single-nail clamping block (503) are concave-convex tooth surfaces which are mutually matched, so that when the second single-nail clamping block (502) and the third single-nail clamping block (503) rotate to the required positions, the second single-nail clamping block and the third single-nail clamping block can be meshed and fixed at the required positions through the dents of the concave-convex tooth surfaces and do not slide.

3. The wrist-joint-immobilized outer fixing support of claim 1, wherein: the double-nail clamp (6) comprises a first double-nail clamp block (601), a second double-nail clamp block (602), a third double-nail clamp block (603), a fourth double-nail clamp block (604), a double-nail clamp bolt (605), a double-nail clamp nut (606), a double-nail clamp spring (607) and a double-nail clamp gasket (608); the clamping block centers of the first double-nail clamping block (601), the second double-nail clamping block (602), the third double-nail clamping block (603) and the fourth double-nail clamping block (604) are respectively provided with a double-nail clamping round hole, a double-nail clamping bolt (605) sequentially penetrates through the fourth double-nail clamping block (604), the third double-nail clamping block (603), the double-nail clamping spring (607), the second double-nail clamping block (602), the first double-nail clamping block (601) and the double-nail clamping gasket (608), and a double-nail clamping nut (606) is screwed on the double-nail clamping bolt (605) penetrating out of one end of the double-nail clamping gasket (608);

The second double-nail clamping block (602) is provided with a second double-nail clamping block groove on one surface facing the third double-nail clamping block (603), a third double-nail clamping block groove is formed on one surface of the third double-nail clamping block (603) facing the second double-nail clamping block (602), a double-nail clamping spring (607) is positioned between the second double-nail clamping block (602) and the third double-nail clamping block (603) and is arranged in the second double-nail clamping block groove and the third double-nail clamping block groove, and the elasticity of the double-nail clamping spring (607) enables the second double-nail clamping block (602) and the third double-nail clamping block (603) to have a separation trend;

2 first double-nail clamping block clamping grooves and 2 second double-nail clamping block clamping grooves which are mutually matched are respectively formed in opposite sides of the first double-nail clamping block (601) and the second double-nail clamping block (602), and the first double-nail clamping block clamping grooves and the second double-nail clamping block clamping grooves enclose a first double-nail clamping nail hole (6-1); the device is also provided with a distal traction nail (609), and the distal traction nail (609) is clamped in the first double-nail clamping nail hole (6-1);

One side of the opposite surface of the third double-nail clamping block (603) and the fourth double-nail clamping block (604) is respectively provided with a third double-nail clamping block convex block (6031) and a fourth double-nail clamping block groove (6041) which are mutually matched, and the third double-nail clamping block convex block (6031) can be clamped in the fourth double-nail clamping block groove (6041); the opposite sides of the third double-nail clamping block (603) and the fourth double-nail clamping block (604) are respectively provided with a third double-nail clamping block clamping rod groove and a fourth double-nail clamping block clamping rod groove which are opposite to each other, and the third double-nail clamping block clamping rod groove and the fourth double-nail clamping block clamping rod groove enclose a second double-nail clamping rod hole (6-2);

The contact surfaces of the opposite sides of the second double-nail clamping block (602) and the third double-nail clamping block (603) are concave-convex tooth surfaces which are mutually matched, so that when the second double-nail clamping block (602) and the third double-nail clamping block (603) rotate to the required positions, the second double-nail clamping block and the third double-nail clamping block can be fixed at the required positions through tooth meshing of the concave-convex tooth surfaces and do not slide.

4. The wrist-joint-immobilized outer fixing support of claim 1, wherein: the special-shaped universal ball (401) is an irregular ball with a plane at the bottom, the distance from the center of the special-shaped universal ball (401) to the plane is 1/2 of the radius of the ball, and the side plane of the special-shaped bowl (402) and the plane of the special-shaped universal ball (401) are both in the same plane.

5. The wrist-joint-immobilized outer fixing support of claim 1, wherein: the special-shaped steel bowl (402) is an irregular steel bowl with a part of plane side surfaces, the distance from the central axis of the special-shaped steel bowl (402) to the plane of the side surfaces of the special-shaped steel bowl (402) is 1/2 of the radius of a sphere, and the plane of the side surfaces of the special-shaped steel bowl (402) and the plane of the special-shaped universal ball (401) are both in the same plane.

6. The wrist-joint-immobilized outer fixing support of claim 1, wherein: the anti-rotation side block (406) is composed of four parts from the proximal end to the distal end: a spherical surface part (4061), a proximal half cylinder (4062), a middle half cylinder (4063) and a distal half cylinder (4064); the tops of the spherical surface part (4061), the proximal semi-cylinder (4062), the middle semi-cylinder (4063) and the distal semi-cylinder (4064) are all plane surfaces;

When the ball-head plane joint (4) is locked by the second locking sleeve (403) and the second cam shaft (404), the plane of the special-shaped universal ball (401) and the side plane of the special-shaped steel bowl (402) are both in the same plane and are matched with the plane of the anti-rotation side block (406); the bottom plane of the distal half cylinder (4064) of the anti-rotation side block (406) and the second cam shaft (404) do not generate pressure; the anti-rotation side block (406) cannot move along the long axis direction of the far-end short bracket (2) when the second cam shaft (404) is loosened, and cannot axially rotate around the far-end short bracket (2); the special-shaped universal ball (401) and the special-shaped steel bowl (402) cannot axially rotate around the far-end short support (2), and the inner side plane of the anti-rotation side block (406) is used for limiting the special-shaped universal ball (401) to rotate in a single plane.

7. The wrist-joint-immobilized outer fixing support of claim 1, wherein: the first connecting arm of the universal ball (301) is a first flat head round rod (3011), the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball (401) is a second flat head round rod (4011), a round hole (4012) is formed in the center of the second flat head round rod (4011), the first flat head round rod (3011) is matched with the round hole (4012), a first pin hole (3012) and a second pin hole (4013) are formed in the proximal end of the first flat head round rod (3011) and the distal end of the second flat head round rod (4011) respectively, a pin shaft (4014) clamps the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm together through the first pin hole (3012) and the second pin hole (4013), and the universal ball (301) and the special-shaped universal ball (401) are fixedly connected with each other through the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm.

8. The wrist-joint-immobilized outer fixing support of claim 1, wherein: the hand wheel (407) is provided with an internal thread hole, the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball (401) is provided with an external thread, the hand wheel (407) is screwed on the external thread of the second connecting arm through the internal thread hole, and the hand wheel (407) is screwed on the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball (401); the two end planes of the hand wheel (407) are respectively the same as the outer diameters of the first locking sleeve (303) and the second locking sleeve (403), a spherical groove (4071) is formed in one surface of the hand wheel (407) facing the far-end short bracket (2), and when the ball head plane joint (4) is locked and the hand wheel (407) is tightly contacted with the second locking sleeve (403), the hand wheel is matched with the spherical surfaces of the special universal ball (401) and the anti-rotation side block (406).

9. The wrist-joint-immobilized outer fixing support of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the first connecting arm of the universal ball (301) at the beginning of the connection of the universal ball is smaller than that of the first connecting arm of other parts, so that the movement range of the joint of the universal ball (301) is enlarged; the diameter of the second connecting arm of the special-shaped universal ball (401) at the connection starting position of the special-shaped universal ball (401) is smaller than that of the second connecting arm of other parts, so that the movable range of the ball head plane joint of the special-shaped universal ball (401) is enlarged.

10. The wrist-joint-immobilized outer fixing support of claim 1, wherein: the cam shafts (304) and the second cam shaft (404) both comprise screw caps and cam rods, the diameters of cylinders at the two ends of the cam rods are the same and are respectively matched with trepanning on the side wall of the near-end connecting sleeve (1-2), second trepanning and third trepanning on the side wall of the far-end connecting sleeve (2-2), and the minimum diameter of the middle part of the cam rods is smaller than the diameter of cylinders at the two ends of the cam rods;

The center of the cam rod of the second cam shaft (404) is provided with a threaded hole, the anti-falling bolt (405) is provided with external threads matched with the threaded hole in the center of the cam rod on the second cam shaft (404), and the anti-falling bolt (405) is screwed in the threaded hole in the center of the cam rod on the second cam shaft (404);

The diameters of nuts of the cam shaft (304), the second cam shaft (404) and the anti-falling bolt (405) are larger than the diameters of the sleeve holes on the side wall of the corresponding proximal connecting sleeve (1-2), the diameters of the second sleeve holes and the third sleeve holes on the side wall of the distal connecting sleeve (2-2), and inner hexagonal holes are formed in the outer sides of the nuts.