CN109004985B - All-optical PAM regenerator with reflective MZI structure - Google Patents
All-optical PAM regenerator with reflective MZI structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109004985B CN109004985B CN201810817566.1A CN201810817566A CN109004985B CN 109004985 B CN109004985 B CN 109004985B CN 201810817566 A CN201810817566 A CN 201810817566A CN 109004985 B CN109004985 B CN 109004985B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
- H04B10/25891—Transmission components
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/365—Non-linear optics in an optical waveguide structure
Abstract
The invention discloses an all-optical PAM regenerator of a reflective MZI structure, which comprises a three-port optical circulator, an MZI structure unit, a bidirectional optical amplifier and a light reflector; by designing the coupling coefficient and the high nonlinear optical fiber parameters of the optical coupler in the MZI structure unit and properly adjusting the gain of the bidirectional optical amplifier, a relatively flat input and output power transfer function can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication, and particularly relates to an all-optical PAM regenerator with a reflection type MZI structure.
Background
With the continuous development and progress of society, people have increasingly increased demands on transmission bandwidth of communication networks. Optical fiber systems, as modern communication network infrastructure, employ QAM modulated signals for transmission, with data rates of up to 400Gb/s or more per optical wavelength. Therefore, higher order modulation formats are increasingly used in optical fiber communication systems, and the development is continuously towards large capacity, high speed, and long distance. Due to the "electronic bottleneck" factor, the signal processing technology of optical-electrical-optical conversion has not been able to match it, and the optical signal processing needs to be done directly in the optical domain.
Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM), which is a standard signal format for transmitting information between data centers, is affected by degradation factors such as ASE noise of an optical amplifier, optical fiber dispersion and nonlinearity, transmission bandwidth limitation, and the like during metropolitan area or longer distance transmission, and a pulse waveform is distorted and amplitude noise is increased. At this time, an all-optical PAM regenerator is needed to shape the optical pulse so as to complete the transmission of the subsequent span. At present, the proposed all-optical PAM regeneration schemes mainly include a nonlinear fiber grating, a single nonlinear optical ring mirror, a unidirectional MZI structure, and the like, and all input and output power transfer functions of the nonlinear fiber grating, the single nonlinear optical ring mirror, the unidirectional MZI structure, and the like have the defects of insufficient low-level shaping and excessive high-level shaping, that is, a flat ideal shaping curve is only provided at a certain level. Further research shows that the power transfer curve can be improved by adopting the cascading scheme, but the multi-stage structure needs to be properly designed, and meanwhile, the cost of the device is doubled, so that how to realize the power transfer function with a plurality of flat areas can be realized on the premise of not obviously increasing the cost of a system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an all-optical PAM regenerator with a reflection MZI structure, which can obtain a relatively flat input-output power transfer function without obviously increasing the system cost, thereby not only realizing excellent regeneration performance, but also having the advantages of simple structure and high cost efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an all-optical PAM regenerator of a reflective MZI structure, comprising: the three-port optical circulator comprises a three-port optical circulator, an MZI structure unit, a bidirectional optical amplifier and a light reflector;
the three-port optical circulator comprises an input port, an output port and a bidirectional port; injecting the degraded PAM optical signal into the MZI structural unit from the input port of the optical circulator through the bidirectional port of the optical circulator, and outputting the regenerated PAM optical signal returned from the MZI structural unit from the output port of the optical circulator through the bidirectional port again;
the MZI structure unit comprises a 2 x 2 optical coupler 1, a 2 x 2 optical coupler 2, a high nonlinear optical fiber, a reciprocal phase shifter and a non-reciprocal optical phase shifter; the head and the tail of the MZI structure unit are respectively connected with a 2 × 2 optical coupler 1 and a 2 × 2 optical coupler 2 in series, the input end of the 2 × 2 optical coupler 1 is connected with a bidirectional port of a three-port optical circulator, and the output end of the 2 × 2 optical coupler 2 is connected with a bidirectional optical amplifier; sequentially connecting a high nonlinear optical fiber ring in series on the upper arm of the MZI structure unit, and sequentially connecting a reciprocal phase shifter and a non-reciprocal optical phase shifter in series on the lower arm;
after receiving a deteriorated optical PAM signal output by a three-port optical circulator, a 2 x 2 optical coupler 1 divides the deteriorated optical PAM signal into an upper path and a lower path, wherein the upper path optical signal is input to a high nonlinear optical fiber ring, self-phase modulation occurs in the high nonlinear optical fiber ring, and meanwhile, under the interference of cross-phase modulation of a reverse transmission optical signal, a nonlinear phase-shifted optical signal which changes along with the input power is generated; the downstream optical signal passes through the reciprocal phase shifter to generate a fixed phase shift for adjusting the magnitude of the regeneration working level, and then passes through the non-reciprocal phase shifter in the forward direction to generate a forward phase shift for eliminating the influence of cross phase modulation caused by the reverse transmission light; the upper and lower optical signals are coupled into a 2 x 2 optical coupler 2, generate double-beam forward interference, and are coupled and output to a bidirectional optical amplifier through the 2 x 2 optical coupler 2;
the bidirectional optical amplifier outputs a forward interference output optical signal in a forward amplification mode, the forward interference output optical signal is reflected by the optical reflector and then returns to the bidirectional optical amplifier, the bidirectional optical amplifier enters the MZI structural unit again after being subjected to reverse amplification, and the regenerated PAM optical signal is output through an output port of the three-port optical circulator after being subjected to reverse transmission of the MZI structural unit.
The invention aims to realize the following steps:
the invention relates to an all-optical PAM regenerator with a reflection type MZI structure, which comprises a three-port optical circulator, an MZI structure unit, a bidirectional optical amplifier and a light reflector; by designing the coupling coefficient and the high nonlinear optical fiber parameters of the optical coupler in the MZI structure unit and properly adjusting the gain of the bidirectional optical amplifier, a relatively flat input and output power transfer function can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an all-optical PAM regenerator of a reflective MZI structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is ρ1And ρ2Influence on the PTF curve of a reflective MZI all-optical regenerator;
FIG. 3 is an effect of a reciprocal phase shifter on a reflective MZI all-optical regenerator PTF curve;
FIG. 4 is an optimized PTF curve for a reflective MZI all-optical regenerator;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the regeneration effect of a reflective MZI all-optical regenerator on a PAM-4 optical signal.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in order to better understand the present invention for those skilled in the art with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly noted that in the following description, a detailed description of known functions and designs will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.
Examples
For convenience of description, the related terms appearing in the detailed description are explained:
MZI (Mach-Zehnder interferometer): a Mach-Zehnder interferometer;
pam (pulse Amplitude modulation): amplitude modulation;
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an all-optical PAM regenerator of a reflective MZI structure according to the present invention.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, an all-optical PAM regenerator of a reflective MZI structure according to the present invention includes: the three-port optical circulator comprises a three-port optical circulator, an MZI structure unit, a bidirectional optical amplifier and a light reflector;
the three-port optical circulator comprises an input port, an output port and a bidirectional port; injecting the degraded PAM optical signal into the MZI structural unit from the input port of the optical circulator through the bidirectional port of the optical circulator, and outputting the regenerated PAM optical signal returned from the MZI structural unit from the output port of the optical circulator through the bidirectional port again;
the MZI structure unit is a core device for realizing the shaping function, and mainly comprises a 2 multiplied by 2 optical coupler 1, a 2 multiplied by 2 optical coupler 2, a high nonlinear optical fiber, a reciprocal phase shifter and a non-reciprocal optical phase shifter; the head and the tail of the MZI structure unit are respectively connected with a 2 × 2 optical coupler 1 and a 2 × 2 optical coupler 2 in series, the input end of the 2 × 2 optical coupler 1 is connected with a bidirectional port of a three-port optical circulator, and the output end of the 2 × 2 optical coupler 2 is connected with a bidirectional optical amplifier; sequentially connecting a high nonlinear optical fiber ring in series on the upper arm of the MZI structure unit, and sequentially connecting a reciprocal phase shifter and a non-reciprocal optical phase shifter in series on the lower arm;
after receiving a deteriorated optical PAM signal output by a three-port optical circulator, a 2 x 2 optical coupler 1 divides the deteriorated optical PAM signal into an upper path and a lower path, wherein the upper path optical signal is input to a high nonlinear optical fiber ring, self-phase modulation occurs in the high nonlinear optical fiber ring, and meanwhile, under the interference of cross-phase modulation of a reverse transmission optical signal, a nonlinear phase-shifted optical signal which changes along with the input power is generated; the downstream optical signal passes through the reciprocal phase shifter to generate a fixed phase shift for adjusting the magnitude of the regeneration working level, and then passes through the non-reciprocal phase shifter in the forward direction to generate a forward phase shift for eliminating the influence of cross phase modulation caused by the reverse transmission light; the upper and lower optical signals are coupled into a 2 x 2 optical coupler 2, generate double-beam forward interference, and are coupled and output to a bidirectional optical amplifier through the 2 x 2 optical coupler 2;
wherein the coupling efficiency of the 2 × 2 optical coupler 1 and the 2 × 2 optical coupler 2 satisfies: rho1+ρ 21, where ρ1Is the coupling efficiency, p, of the 2 × 2 optical coupler 12Is the coupling efficiency of the 2 × 2 optical coupler 2, and ρ1＜0.1；
The nonreciprocal optical phase shifter can be realized based on the principle of magnetic wire vibration birefringence, and the relative magnitude between the forward phase shift and the reverse phase shift of the nonreciprocal optical phase shifter can be adjusted by changing the external magnetic field, so that the translation of the flat areas of the power transfer curves of the forward transmission optical signal and the reverse transmission optical signal is changed, the influence of cross-phase modulation is eliminated, and the flat areas of the power transfer curves of the forward transmission optical signal and the reverse transmission optical signal are aligned.
The bidirectional optical amplifier outputs a forward interference output optical signal in a forward amplification mode, the forward interference output optical signal is reflected by the optical reflector and then returns to the bidirectional optical amplifier, the bidirectional optical amplifier enters the MZI structural unit again after being subjected to reverse amplification, and the regenerated PAM optical signal is output through an output port of the three-port optical circulator after being subjected to reverse transmission of the MZI structural unit.
The bidirectional optical amplifier can be replaced by a unidirectional optical amplifier, and only amplifies the forward or reverse interference output optical signal, and the purpose of the bidirectional optical amplifier is to enable the optical signal reversely input to the MZI structure unit to obtain a certain gain G relative to the optical signal output in the forward direction from the MZI structure unit.
Example (b): amplitude regeneration of PAM-4 optical signals
The all-optical PAM-4 regenerator is realized according to a reflective MZI structure as shown in FIG. 1, wherein the nonlinear coefficient gamma of the high nonlinear fiber is approximately equal to 13W-1Perkm, coupling efficiency (p) of two 2 x 2 optical couplers in a MZI unit1、ρ2) And parameters of the highly nonlinear fiber (mainly referring to the length L of the highly nonlinear fiber), the gain (G) of the bidirectional optical amplifier, and the magnitude of the forward and reverse phase shift of the nonreciprocal optical phase shifter
Firstly, determining the lengths of the coupler and the high nonlinear optical fiber in the reflective MZI structure, enabling the flat area of the forward PTF of the MZI structure to be at the third level (the fourth level is the highest level) with higher PAM-4 signal, and then the coupling coefficients of the two couplers are respectively rho10.06 and ρ20.99, and the fiber length L2 km. Rho1And ρ2The effect on the power transfer PTF curve of a reflective MZI all-optical regenerator is shown in fig. 2. It can be seen that ρ is satisfied1+ρ 21, and ρ1＜0.1。
Then, the value of the reciprocal phase shifter is optimized so that
The shaping region is in the optimum position. Wherein
The location of the regeneration zone, which primarily affects the total power transfer curve, is shown in fig. 3. Optimizing the forward phase shift of the nonreciprocal optical phase shifter to
The regenerative region of the forward PTF curve is matched to the actual power magnitude of the input degraded PAM signal.
Finally, the total power transfer curve with an all-optical PAM regenerator
Determining the reverse phase shift of the nonreciprocal optical phase shifter with the nearest step as the optimization target
And the gain G of the bidirectional optical amplifier is 0.66 dB.
The total power transfer curve of the finally obtained reflective MZI all-optical PAM-4 regenerator is shown in FIG. 4, the working levels are 0.334W, 0.600W, 0.866W and 1.132W respectively, and the level interval is 0.266W. At this time, after a degraded PAM-4 signal with an input optical signal-to-noise ratio of 20.6dB is shaped by the all-optical PAM-4 regenerator, the signal-to-noise ratio of the output PAM-4 optical signal is about 29.1dB, and an optical signal-to-noise ratio improvement of 8.5dB is obtained. The waveform diagrams of the corresponding input and output PAM-4 optical signals are shown in fig. 5.
Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all matters of the invention which utilize the inventive concepts are protected.
Claims (3)
1. An all-optical PAM regenerator of a reflective MZI structure, comprising: the three-port optical circulator comprises a three-port optical circulator, an MZI structure unit, a bidirectional optical amplifier and a light reflector;
the three-port optical circulator comprises an input port, an output port and a bidirectional port; injecting the degraded PAM optical signal into the MZI structural unit from the input port of the optical circulator through the bidirectional port of the optical circulator, and outputting the regenerated PAM optical signal returned from the MZI structural unit from the output port of the optical circulator through the bidirectional port again;
the MZI structure unit comprises a 2 x 2 optical coupler 1, a 2 x 2 optical coupler 2, a high nonlinear optical fiber, a reciprocal optical phase shifter and a non-reciprocal optical phase shifter; the head and the tail of the MZI structure unit are respectively connected with a 2 × 2 optical coupler 1 and a 2 × 2 optical coupler 2 in series, the input end of the 2 × 2 optical coupler 1 is connected with a bidirectional port of a three-port optical circulator, and the output end of the 2 × 2 optical coupler 2 is connected with a bidirectional optical amplifier; sequentially connecting a high nonlinear optical fiber ring in series on the upper arm of the MZI structure unit, and sequentially connecting a reciprocal optical phase shifter and a non-reciprocal optical phase shifter in series on the lower arm;
after receiving a deteriorated optical PAM signal output by a three-port optical circulator, a 2 x 2 optical coupler 1 divides the deteriorated optical PAM signal into an upper path and a lower path, wherein the upper path optical signal is input to a high nonlinear optical fiber ring, self-phase modulation occurs in the high nonlinear optical fiber ring, and meanwhile, under the interference of cross-phase modulation of a reverse transmission optical signal, a nonlinear phase-shifted optical signal which changes along with the input power is generated; the downstream optical signal passes through the reciprocal optical phase shifter to generate a fixed phase shift for adjusting the magnitude of the regeneration working level, and then passes through the non-reciprocal optical phase shifter in the forward direction to generate a forward phase shift for eliminating the influence of cross phase modulation caused by reverse transmission light; the upper and lower optical signals are coupled into a 2 x 2 optical coupler 2, generate double-beam forward interference, and are coupled and output to a bidirectional optical amplifier through the 2 x 2 optical coupler 2;
the bidirectional optical amplifier positively amplifies the positive interference output optical signal, reflects the positive interference output optical signal by the optical reflector and then turns back to the bidirectional optical amplifier, the bidirectional optical amplifier reversely amplifies the optical signal and then enters the MZI structural unit again, and the regenerated PAM optical signal is output through an output port of the three-port optical circulator after the bidirectional optical amplifier reversely amplifies the optical signal and reversely transmits the optical signal through the MZI structural unit;
the non-reciprocal optical phase shifter adopts a magnetic wire vibration birefringence principle, and adjusts the relative magnitude between the forward phase shift and the reverse phase shift of the non-reciprocal optical phase shifter by changing an external magnetic field, so that the translation of the flat areas of the power transfer curves of forward and reverse transmission optical signals is changed, the influence caused by cross phase modulation is eliminated, and the flat areas of the power transfer curves of the forward and reverse transmission optical signals are aligned.
2. The all-optical PAM regenerator of a reflective MZI structure of claim 1, wherein said bidirectional optical amplifier can be replaced with a unidirectional optical amplifier, which amplifies only the forward or reverse interference output optical signal.
3. The all-optical PAM regenerator of a reflective MZI structure of claim 1, wherein the coupling efficiency of said 2 x 2 optical coupler 1 and 2 x 2 optical coupler 2 is satisfied: rho1+ρ21, wherein,
ρ1is the coupling efficiency, p, of the 2 × 2 optical coupler 12Is the coupling efficiency of the 2 × 2 optical coupler 2, and ρ1＜0.1。
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| CN110365417B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2021-12-10 | 电子科技大学 | Rectangular constellation QAM signal all-optical regeneration device |
| CN113050289B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2022-04-08 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | All-optical shaper and parameter determination method and device thereof |
| CN113098611B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2022-05-13 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining performance parameters of regenerator |
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