CN109004623A - A method of realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement - Google Patents
A method of realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement Download PDFInfo
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- CN109004623A CN109004623A CN201711095518.8A CN201711095518A CN109004623A CN 109004623 A CN109004623 A CN 109004623A CN 201711095518 A CN201711095518 A CN 201711095518A CN 109004623 A CN109004623 A CN 109004623A
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- mos
- mcu
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
- H02H7/0856—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load characterised by the protection measure taken
- H02H7/0858—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load characterised by the protection measure taken by reversing, cycling or reducing the power supply to the motor
Abstract
A method of the internal resistance of metal-oxide-semiconductor itself being driven by direct current generator to realize that motor rotation blockage and overload judge, it include: electric power source pair of module power rectifier partial pressure, MCU issues pwm signal, pwm signal controls MOS and motor, MCU acquires electric moter voltage current signal, AC power source is wherein rectified into DC current by power module, and power module is automatically according to MCU, the required voltage of MOS drive circuit and motor divides power supply automatically, two ports are arranged in MCU, the wherein voltage of Single port acquisition motor, the electric current of MOS can be acquired in real time by another ADC sample port of MCU using the internal resistance of MOS, by to inside real-time MOS electric current and MCU preset current threshold relatively come judge motor whether be in stall or overload the case where.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to motor circuits to protect field, specially a kind of method for realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement.
Background technique
Direct current generator, which refers to, to be converted into mechanical energy for direct current or converts mechanical energy into the motor of direct current, is exactly line
The voltage of output is become direct electromotive force. by the commutation effect of commutator cooperation brush by the AC electromotive force of the induction in circle.
In the electric seat of car of some toys or push button can use brush direct current motor, brush motor it is cheap, be easy
Driving, and it is easily controllable, therefore be widely used in these electrical equipments.In general, in motor there are a control panel,
It is a kind of circuit board, control panel generally comprises panel, master control borad, drive than the intelligence that common circuit board comes, automation, control panel
Movable plate, in motor control, the protection of control panel is very important a link, gently then influences the use of motor, heavy then report
Useless control panel.Such as control of the motor to dust catcher, when motor of dust collector is blocked by grieshoch, or since certain external force causes
Motor of dust collector is blocked, so that the electric current in motor is very big when motor stalls, is led to that the motor feels hot, is easy to burn
Control panel causes other modules explosion in control panel to damage.
In the case of motor is such, there is a kind of scheme when DC MOTOR CONTROL, passes through and increase electricity on motor
Electric current in flow sensor sample circuit, by operational amplification circuit, the electric current of real-time sampling direct current generator, in motor due to stall
When causing electric current to increase, the control of direct current generator can be fast and safely closed, guarantees that motor does not rerun, protects motor
It is not damaged.Such scheme higher cost, PCB board area is also bigger, and there is also certain fevers for current sample medium
Problem.
In view of this, in order to solve the defect that above scheme is at high cost, circuit is complicated, circuit generates heat, urgent need will propose one
Kind low cost, circuit are simple, reduce the circuit of PCB control plate suqare, and the invention proposes pass through direct current generator driving metal-oxide-semiconductor sheet
The internal resistance of body come realize motor rotation blockage and overload judgement method, comprising: electric power source pair of module power rectifier partial pressure, MCU issue PWM
Signal, pwm signal control MOS and motor, MCU acquire electric moter voltage current signal, wherein AC power source is passed through power supply mould
Block is rectified into DC current, and power module automatically according to MCU, MOS drive circuit and motor required voltage by power supply
Two ports are arranged in automatic partial pressure, MCU, and wherein Single port acquires motor supply voltage, pass through the another of MCU using the internal resistance of MOS
Outer a port can acquire the electric current of MOS in real time, by preset current threshold inside real-time MOS electric current and MCU
Compare the case where whether motor is in stall or overload judged.
Summary of the invention
A method of realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement, comprising: electric power source pair of module power rectifier partial pressure, MCU are issued
Pwm signal, pwm signal control MOS and motor, MCU acquire electric moter voltage current signal.
Electric power source pair of module power rectifier partial pressure: AC power source is rectified into DC power supply by power module, in addition, power supply mould
Power voltage step down is supplied electricity to MOS drive circuit at 15V by block, and is depressurized to one of 5V or 3.3V and is used to supply to MCU
Electricity.Wherein, the MOS is voltage-type switch, when flowing into voltage >=12V, MOS opening, and when flowing into voltage < 12V, MOS
It closes (opening or closing voltage gate value to be determined by MOS itself), thus the voltage of MOS drive circuit is 15V, further, institute
The MOS switch stated is field effect transistor, and MOS has three poles, is respectively as follows: grid G (Gate), drain D (Drain), source S
(Source), the pole G is connect with MOS drive circuit, is driven in low side, the pole D is connected to motor, the pole S
Ground connection.In high-side driver, the pole D is connected with motor power, the pole the S ground connection.Further, MOS field-effect is brilliant
Body pipe is broadly divided into N-channel MOS and P-channel MOS, it is preferred that and it is easy to manufacture using N-channel MOS, and internal resistance is smaller, when
When electric current is larger in circuit, the consumption of calorie of MOS is smaller.
MCU issues pwm signal: MCU is equipped with a pwm control signal mouth, and after MCU is powered, MCU issues pwm signal,
The PWM is pulse width modulation signal, is a kind of analog control mode, is modulated according to the variation of respective loads
Metal-oxide-semiconductor grid opens duty ratio size, realizes the change of MOS turn-on time, thus change the voltage being applied on motor, it will
Power supply signal is transformed into the square wave of 5V or 3.3V, it is preferred that the PWM frequency is 16KHz, because motor is that perception is negative
It carries, is adjusted according to turn-on time in a cycle and the ratio of shut-in time to the supply voltage of motor.
Pwm signal controls MOS and motor: the pwm signal that MCU is issued passes through MOS drive circuit for the electricity of PWM square-wave signal
Pressure changes, and the opening of MOS is controlled by the high level and low level of square wave, to control the voltage of motor.MOS drive circuit
For driving the pole the G signal of MOS, the pwm control signal mouth of MCU is 5V or 3.3V, can not drive metal-oxide-semiconductor, MOS is needed to drive
Dynamic circuit converts drive voltage signal, realizes the square wave that the square wave of 5V or 3.3V is become to 15V.Preferably, described
MOS drive circuit is connect by resistance one with the pole G of MOS, and the range of the resistance one is the Ω of 10 Ω~100, it is preferred that
The resistance of resistance one is the Ω of 10 Ω~51, for reducing the electric current for flowing into the pole G in MOS, the described MOS driving be driving circuit or
At least one of person's integrated chip.
It is microprogram control unit, including two sample ports that MCU, which acquires: MCU to electric moter voltage current signal, respectively
ADC0 and ADC1, ADC1 are used to the electric current of MOS, and ADC0 is used to acquire the supply voltage of motor.Since MOS itself has one
A internal resistance, and internal resistance is smaller, the size of MOS internal resistance are 5m Ω~50m Ω, it is however generally that, different MOS corresponds to different interior
Resistance, when motor works normally, electric current very little, and the internal resistance of MOS also very little, thus in MCU ADC1 MOS collected pressure
Also very little drops；When motor rotation blockage, locked rotor current is very big, thus the electric current that ADC1 is acquired in MCU is larger, so the pressure of MOS
Drop can also become larger, and when being greater than preset threshold value in MCU, motor is automatically closed, or be kept for a period of time close, and prevent MOS
It is breakdown to burn, reach protection motor, avoids the damage of motor and motor control panel.It may further be preferable that current of electric
When flowing through MOS, using the pressure drop in the internal resistance of MOS, it also may determine that whether currently running motor overloads, by the voltage of sampling
It compares with preset threshold value, if it exceeds the threshold, illustrating motor in overload.The motor supply voltage sample circuit
Be made of resistance two, resistance three, the resistance value of the resistance two is 1K Ω~10K Ω, the resistance value of resistance three be 10K Ω~
100K Ω connects in resistance two and resistance three, and resistance three is grounded, and sample circuit is drawn between resistance two and resistance three to MCU's
The port ADC0 acquires the pressure drop of resistance three, the pressure drop on R3 are as follows: V_R3=(Vdc/ (R3+R2) * R3), according to resistance two and electricity
The multiple proportion of resistance three, calculates the supply voltage of motor.
Further, the corresponding maximum sampled value of ADC1 is 3.3v in the MOS, and corresponding is exactly the pressure drop on R3,
By being calculated when R3 maximum pressure drop, the maximum voltage of VDC, this value is stored in advance in MCU internal processes.Described
The corresponding pressure drop of R3 is multiplied by MOS electric current with MOS internal resistance size in MOS.
It may further be preferable that the motor is inductive load, load refers to that connection consumes the electricity of electric energy in circuit
The electronic component at source both ends, also referred to as electrical appliance, general load is divided into inductive load, capacitive load, resistive load, wherein perception
Load is the load with inductance coil, and inductance has resistance effect to the variation of electric current, when flowing through the curent change of motor,
The electric current for flowing through motor cannot mutate, and electric current is hindered to change.When motor rotates, while it is electronic to generate three-phase induction
The pressure drop of gesture and electrical-coil internal resistance forms electric moter voltage equilibrium equation with the voltage being applied on motor three-phase.
Further, the electric moter voltage sample circuit is made of resistance two, resistance three, the resistance value of the resistance two
For 1K Ω~10K Ω, the resistance value of resistance three is 10K Ω~100K Ω, is connected in resistance two and resistance three, and resistance three is grounded, electricity
Sample circuit is drawn between resistance two and resistance three to the port ADC0 of MCU, acquires the pressure drop of resistance three, the pressure drop on R3 are as follows: V_
R3=(Vdc/ (R3+R2) * R3), according to the multiple proportion of resistance two and resistance three, calculates the supply voltage of motor.
It may further be preferable that PWM conducting, the voltage at motor both ends has height to have after MCU issues pwm control signal
Low, high level indicates that MOS is opened, and low level indicates that MOS is closed, when MOS is connected, the pressure of the ADC1 port processing MOS on MCU
Drop, according to the electric current on the internal resistance MOS and motor of the pressure drop of acquisition and MOS itself, by pressure drop collected and
MOS pressure drop compares, and when the pressure drop of acquisition is more than certain threshold value, illustrates motor in stall or overload.Further, institute
The threshold value stated is set according to specific MOS and motor.
Using a kind of method for realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement as described above, other sensor and fortune are not needed
The protection to motor is realized on electric discharge road, using the inner resistance of MOS itself, by acquire the pressure drop of MOS come with it is preset
MOS pressure drop threshold value compares, and is realized by MCU control and is judged the stall and overload of motor, by adjusting the issued PWM's of MCU
The operating voltage of the adjustable motor of duty ratio protects motor.To protect motor.
Detailed description of the invention:
Specific embodiment is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 is circuit diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the pwm signal of control MOS and motor that MCU is issued.
Primary structure number explanation
| 1 | Power module |
| 2 | MCU |
| 3 | MOS drive circuit |
| 4 | Motor |
| 5 | MOS switch |
| 6 | Electric moter voltage sample circuit |
The present invention that the following detailed description will be further explained with reference to the above drawings.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1:
A method of realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement, comprising:
Electric power source pair of module power rectifier partial pressure: AC power source is rectified into DC power supply by power module, in addition, power supply mould
Power voltage step down is supplied electricity to MOS drive circuit at 15V by block, and is depressurized to one of 5V or 3.3V and is used to supply to MCU
Electricity；
MCU issues pwm signal: MCU is equipped with a pwm control signal mouth, after MCU is powered, there is enabling signal
When, MCU issues pwm signal and starts motor；
Pwm signal controls MOS and motor: the pwm signal that MCU is issued passes through MOS drive circuit for the electricity of PWM square-wave signal
Pressure lifting, the opening of MOS is controlled by the high level and low level of square wave, to control the voltage of motor；
It is microprogram control unit, including two sample ports that MCU, which acquires: MCU to electric moter voltage current signal, respectively
ADC0 and ADC1, ADC1 are used to the electric current of MOS, and ADC0 is used to acquire the supply voltage of motor.
Wherein MOS internal resistance is 10m Ω, and the electric current of motor is 10A, and MOS pressure drop preset value is 100mV in MCU, when in MCU
ADC1 port processing electric current >=10A, i.e., MOS pressure drop be greater than 100mV when, program judges that motor is in stall or overload
State.
Specific embodiment 2:
A method of realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement, comprising:
Electric power source pair of module power rectifier partial pressure: AC power source is rectified into DC power supply by power module, in addition, power supply mould
Power voltage step down is supplied electricity to MOS drive circuit at 15V by block, and is depressurized to one of 5V or 3.3V and is used to supply to MCU
Electricity；
MCU issues pwm signal: MCU is equipped with a pwm control signal mouth, after MCU is powered, there is enabling signal
When, MCU issues pwm signal；
Pwm signal controls MOS and motor: the pwm signal that MCU is issued passes through MOS drive circuit for the electricity of PWM square-wave signal
Pressure lifting, the opening and closing time of MOS is controlled by the high level and low level of square wave, to control the voltage of motor；
It is microprogram control unit, including two sample ports that MCU, which acquires: MCU to electric moter voltage current signal, respectively
ADC0 and ADC1, ADC1 are used to the electric current of MOS, and ADC0 is used to acquire the supply voltage of motor.
Wherein MOS internal resistance is 10m Ω, and MOS pressure drop preset value is 150mV in the electric current 15A, MCU of motor, when in MCU
When electric current >=15A of ADC1 port processing, i.e. MOS pressure drop are greater than 150mV, motor is in stall or overload.
Specific embodiment 3:
A method of realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement, comprising:
Electric power source pair of module power rectifier partial pressure: AC power source is rectified into DC power supply by power module, in addition, power supply mould
Power voltage step down is supplied electricity to MOS drive circuit at 15V by block, and is depressurized to one of 5V or 3.3V and is used to supply to MCU
Electricity；
MCU issues pwm signal: MCU is equipped with a pwm control signal mouth, after MCU is powered, there is enabling signal
When, MCU issues pwm signal；
Pwm signal controls MOS and motor: the pwm signal that MCU is issued passes through MOS drive circuit for the electricity of PWM square-wave signal
Pressure lifting, the opening and closing time of MOS is controlled by the high level and low level of square wave, to control the voltage of motor；
It is microprogram control unit, including two sample ports that MCU, which acquires: MCU to electric moter voltage current signal, respectively
ADC0 and ADC1, ADC1 are used to sample the electric current of MOS, and ADC0 is used to acquire the supply voltage of motor.
Wherein MOS internal resistance is 10m Ω, and MOS pressure drop preset value is 200mV in the electric current 20A, MCU of motor, when in MCU
When the electric current > 20A of ADC1 port processing, i.e. MOS pressure drop are greater than 200mV, motor is in stall or overload.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement, comprising:
Electric power source pair of module power rectifier partial pressure: AC power source is rectified into DC power supply by power module, in addition, power module will
Power voltage step down supplies electricity to MOS drive circuit at 15V, and is depressurized to one of 5V or 3.3V and is used to power to MCU；
MCU issues pwm signal: MCU is equipped with a pwm control signal mouth, after MCU is powered, when having enabling signal generation,
MCU issues pwm signal；
Pwm signal controls MOS and motor: the pwm signal that MCU is issued lifts the voltage of PWM square-wave signal by MOS drive circuit
It rises, the opening and closing of MOS is controlled by the high level and low level of square wave, to control the voltage of motor；
MCU acquires electric moter voltage current signal: MCU is microprogram control unit, including two sample ports, one of them is used to
The electric current of MOS, another port are used to acquire the supply voltage of motor.
2. a kind of method for realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the power supply
Module can be depressured into 15V and supply electricity to MOS drive circuit, be depressurized to one of 5V or 3.3V and be used to power to MCU.
3. a kind of method for realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the MCU
For microprogram control unit, including two ADC sample ports and a pwm control signal mouth, the PWM frequency be 16KHz~
32KHz。
4. a kind of method for realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the MOS
It is voltage-type switch, when flowing into voltage >=12V, MOS is opened, and when flowing into voltage < 12V, MOS closing.
5. a kind of method for realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the MOS
Internal resistance size is 5m Ω~50m Ω.
6. a kind of method for realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement as described in Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: it is described
The voltage drop value on MOS is preset according to the characteristic of motor and MOS itself in MCU, when in MCU MOS electric current collected and MOS
When hindering product greater than preset value, motor stops working.
7. a kind of method for realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement as described in Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that: pass through tune
The operating voltage of the adjustable motor of duty ratio of the issued PWM of MCU is saved, motor is protected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711095518.8A CN109004623A (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | A method of realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711095518.8A CN109004623A (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | A method of realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109004623A true CN109004623A (en) | 2018-12-14 |
Family
ID=64573864
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711095518.8A Pending CN109004623A (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | A method of realizing motor rotation blockage and overload judgement |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109709484A (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2019-05-03 | 西安慧晶智能科技有限公司 | A kind of brush direct current motor rotation-blocking up detection device and method |
| CN109965997A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-05 | 上海智觅智能科技有限公司 | A kind of intelligent function and its detection algorithm of tooth flusher |
| CN110617003A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-27 | 深圳市欣诚科技有限公司 | Method and device for controlling stop of shutter door when meeting with blockage |
| CN112366656A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Motor control method and device, motor equipment and electric equipment |
| CN113474991A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2021-10-01 | 未来系统产业有限公司 | Method and device for controlling the power supply of an electric motor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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Application publication date: 20181214 |