CN109001056B - Impact loading experimental device - Google Patents
Impact loading experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109001056B CN109001056B CN201810847746.4A CN201810847746A CN109001056B CN 109001056 B CN109001056 B CN 109001056B CN 201810847746 A CN201810847746 A CN 201810847746A CN 109001056 B CN109001056 B CN 109001056B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/313—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by explosives
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Abstract
The invention provides an impact loading experimental device, which comprises: the gas tank is provided with an inner cavity which is sequentially divided into a first gas chamber, a second gas chamber and a third gas chamber from bottom to top, wherein the first gas chamber is used for loading gas with the pressure of P1The first gas chamber is provided with an exhaust port, and the second gas chamberFor loading at a pressure of P2Of high pressure gas of (2), wherein P1≥P2The third gas chamber is used for loading high-pressure gas to be sprayed and is provided with a gas jet; a piston assembly, comprising: a piston, a piston rod and a piston head; the loading platform comprises a transparent panel, the transparent panel and the gas tank are provided with the top surfaces of the gas injection holes which are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals, and the distance between the transparent panel and the gas tank is not more than 10 mm. The invention adopts a quasi-two-dimensional structure charging mode to carry out continuous radial impact loading on the material to be thrown away, and can observe the whole movement process of particle throwing away.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an impact loading experimental device.
Background
Jet-like buckling structures occur at the inner and outer interfaces of the particle ring under the action of radial impact loads. This interface destabilizing structure is observed in many natural phenomena such as supernova explosions, volcanic eruptions, etc. And the scattering and dispersion of the particulate matter can be widely applied to civil engineering, national defense and military, such as ultrafine grinding fire extinguishing agents, dust explosion, high-density inert metal explosives, cloud explosion bombs and the like. These civil and military projects involve many fundamental scientific problems, the most central of which is the problem of interfacial instability of the particulate matter under the action of divergent impact loads, and the search and understanding of this problem is therefore critical to the development of the above-mentioned civil and military projects.
The current experimental study on the instability of the particle ring jet is mostly focused on the aspect that the central explosive load drives the formation of the particle jet. The existing impact loading experimental device adopts a spherical or cylindrical charging mode, and observes a jet flow structure after particles in a particle ring are completely dispersed and unstably dispersed by a high-speed camera or an X-ray high-speed photography technology, but cannot observe the processes of starting and early growth of the particle ring jet flow.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need for an impact loading experimental apparatus that can observe the entire movement process of particle throwing.
The invention provides an impact loading experimental device, which comprises:
the gas pitcher, the inner chamber from the bottom up of gas pitcher separates for first gas chamber, second gas chamber and third gas chamber in proper order, first gas chamber is used for loading atmospheric pressure and is P1The first gas chamber is provided with an exhaust port, and the second gas chamber is used for loading gas with the pressure P2Of high pressure gas of (2), wherein P1≥P2The third gas chamber is used for loading high-pressure gas to be sprayed and is provided with a gas nozzle;
a piston assembly, comprising: the piston is accommodated in the inner cavity of the gas tank in a sliding mode and divides the first gas chamber and the second gas chamber, the piston head is used for sealing the gas injection port, the piston rod penetrates through the second gas chamber and the third gas chamber, one end of the piston rod is connected with the piston, the other end of the piston rod is connected with the piston head, and the piston is used for driving the piston rod and the piston head to move downwards and open the gas injection port;
the loading platform comprises a transparent panel, the transparent panel and the top surface of the gas tank, which is provided with the gas jet, are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the distance between the transparent panel and the gas tank is not more than 10 mm; and
and the substances to be thrown are arranged between the transparent panel and the gas tank and are close to the gas nozzles, when the gas nozzles are opened, high-pressure gas is sprayed out, and the substances to be thrown are diffused to the periphery.
Preferably, the transparent panel comprises a plexiglas plate.
Preferably, the transparent panel sequentially comprises a first organic glass plate, a second organic glass plate and a third organic glass plate from top to bottom, the centers of the second organic glass plate and the third organic glass plate are provided with air flow ports, and the air flow ports are communicated with the air jet ports.
Preferably, the impact loading experimental device further comprises a first flange and a second flange, the first flange is arranged at the bottom of the gas tank and used for sealing the inner cavity of the gas tank, the exhaust port is arranged on the first flange, and the second flange is inserted into the peripheral wall of the gas tank and divides the space between the second gas chamber and the third gas chamber.
Preferably, the impact loading experimental device further comprises a three-way electromagnetic valve, and the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the exhaust port and used for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust port.
Preferably, the impact loading experiment device further comprises an anti-collision block, the anti-collision block is arranged in the first gas chamber, and the anti-collision block is used for preventing the first flange from being collided when the piston moves downwards.
Preferably, the loading platform further comprises a spacer disposed between the transparent panel and the tank, the spacer being configured to space the transparent panel from a top surface of the tank to form a gap to accommodate a substance to be thrown.
Preferably, the impact loading experimental device further comprises a supporting device, the supporting device is connected with the second flange, and the supporting device is used for supporting the impact loading experimental device.
Compared with the prior art, the impact loading experimental device provided by the invention has the advantages that the continuous radial impact loading is carried out on solid particles, liquid or a solid-liquid mixture by adopting a quasi-two-dimensional structure charging mode, so that the whole movement process of particle throwing can be observed, the impact loading time can last about 20ms, the loading pressure can be regulated and controlled, and the repeatability is good.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an impact loading experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a high pressure gas released from a gas injection port according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is another schematic flow diagram of the high pressure gas after being released from the gas injection ports according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a substance to be thrown according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a pressure test chart at the air vent of the impact loading experiment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main element symbols:
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The names of technical means used in the description of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an impact loading experimental apparatus 100, which includes: loading platform 10, gas canister 90 and piston assembly 50.
The inner cavity of the gas tank 90 is divided into a first gas chamber 20, a second gas chamber 30 and a third gas chamber 40 from bottom to top in sequence. The first gas chamber 20 is used for loading gas pressure P1The second gas chamber 30 is used for loading the high-pressure gas with the gas pressure P2Of high pressure gas of (2), wherein P1≥P2The first gas chamber 20 is provided with an exhaust port 21. The third gas chamber 40 is used for loading high-pressure gas to be sprayed, and the third gas chamber 40 is provided with a gas spraying port 41. In this embodiment, the gas ejection port 41 is opened in the top surface of the gas tank 90.
The loading platform 10 includes a transparent panel 11, and the transparent panel 11 and the top surface of the gas tank 90 are parallel and spaced apart from each other. The transparent panel 11 is made of organic glass, and the organic glass has good transparency and strength and can meet the requirements of the impact loading experiment. In other embodiments, the transparent panel 11 may be made of other materials. The substance to be thrown 200 is placed between the transparent panel 11 and the top surface of the gas tank 90. The substance 200 to be thrown is circular, the inner ring of the substance 200 to be thrown is aligned with the air nozzle 41, the thickness of the circular substance 200 to be thrown is equal to the distance between the transparent panel and the top surface of the air tank 90, and the distance is not more than 10 mm. The material to be thrown 200 includes any one of solid particles, liquid or solid-liquid mixture. The material 200 to be thrown is a quasi-two-dimensional structure because the thickness of the circular ring is less than 10mm and is very thin.
The piston assembly 50 includes: a piston 51, a piston rod 52 and a piston head 53. The piston 51 is slidably received in an inner cavity of the gas tank 90 and separates the first gas chamber 20 and the second gas chamber 30. The piston head 53 is inserted into the air vent 41 to seal the air vent 41. The piston rod 52 penetrates the second gas chamber 30 and the third gas chamber 40, and one end of the piston rod 52 is connected to the piston 51, and the other end is connected to the piston head 53. When the piston 51 slides downward along its central axis in the inner chamber of the gas tank 90, the piston 51 drives the piston rod 52 and the piston head 53 to move downward and open the gas ejection port 41.
Referring to fig. 2, the exhaust port 21 is opened, the high-pressure gas in the first gas chamber 20 is released, the piston 51 slides downward in the first gas chamber 20, and the piston rod 52 and the piston head 53 are driven to move downward, so that the gas injection port 41 is opened. After the high-pressure gas in the third gas chamber 40 is ejected from the gas ejection opening 41, an upward-rushing gas flow is firstly formed, and then the gas flow is blocked by the fourth organic glass plate 114 and radially spreads all around, so that the particles close to the fourth organic glass plate 114 are firstly influenced by the gas flow than the particles close to the gas ejection opening, and thus, a speed difference occurs between the upper part and the lower part of the substance 200 to be thrown in the throwing process.
Referring also to fig. 3, the transparent panel 11 preferably includes three plastic glazing panels, a first plastic glazing panel 111, a second plastic glazing panel 112, and a third plastic glazing panel 113. The centers of the second organic glass plate 112 and the third organic glass plate 113 are both provided with air flow ports, high-pressure air firstly forms upward rushing air flow after being released from the air injection port 41, then the air flow direction is changed by the obstruction of the first organic glass plate 111, downward air flow is formed, the upper air flow and the lower air flow which are opposite in direction are rushed and then uniformly diffused all around, and therefore the phenomenon that the speed difference occurs between the upper air flow and the lower air flow of a substance to be thrown is avoided in the throwing process. Preferably, the loading platform 10 further comprises a spacer 12, the spacer 12 being disposed between the third plexiglass plate 113 and the top surface of the gas tank 90 for spacing the third plexiglass plate 113 from the gas tank 90 to form a gap for accommodating the substance 200 to be thrown, the gap having a height of less than 10 mm. The circular substance 200 to be scattered is placed between the third organic glass plate 113 and the top surface of the gas tank 90, and the inner ring of the circular substance 200 to be scattered is aligned with the gas nozzle 41.
Preferably, the impact loading experiment apparatus 100 further comprises a first flange 61 and a second flange 62. The first flange 61 is provided at the bottom of the gas tank 90 for covering the inner cavity of the gas tank 90. The exhaust port 21 is opened in the first flange 61 and communicates with the first gas chamber 20. The second flange 62 is inserted on the peripheral wall of the gas tank 90 and partitions the second gas chamber 30 and the third gas chamber 40.
Preferably, the impact loading experiment apparatus 100 further comprises a three-way solenoid valve 64, wherein the three-way solenoid valve 64 is communicated with the exhaust port 21 and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust port 21, so as to control the discharge of the gas inside the first gas chamber 20.
Preferably, the impact loading experiment apparatus 100 further comprises an anti-collision block 65, wherein the anti-collision block 65 is disposed in the first gas chamber 20, and the anti-collision block 65 is located below the piston 51 and is used for preventing the piston 51 from colliding with the first flange 61 when moving downwards. The volume of the first gas chamber 20 is smaller than the volume of the second gas chamber 30, and the volume of the first gas chamber 20 can be adjusted by the height of the crash block 65.
Preferably, the impact loading experiment device 100 further comprises a supporting device 70, wherein the supporting device 70 comprises a supporting cylinder 71 and a wheel 72, the supporting cylinder 71 is connected with the second flange 62, and the wheel 72 is arranged at the bottom of the supporting cylinder 71. The supporting cylinder 71 is used for supporting the whole impact loading experiment device 100, and the wheel 72 is used for adjusting the position of the impact loading experiment device 100.
Preferably, the impact loading experiment apparatus 100 further comprises a lifting lug 80, wherein the lifting lug 80 is arranged on the second flange 62, and the lifting lug 80 is used for facilitating transportation. When the impact loading experiment device 100 needs to be moved to a small-amplitude position, the impact loading experiment device is pushed by the wheels 72; when the impact loading experiment device 100 needs to be moved to a large extent, the impact loading experiment device is lifted by the lifting lugs 80 and then is convenient to carry.
The process of assembly and operation of the impact loading experiment apparatus 100 is as follows:
quartz sand particles are adopted as the substance 200 to be thrown, the particle size of the quartz sand particles is 40 microns, please refer to fig. 4, the quartz sand particles are piled up to be prepared into a circular ring shape, the inner diameter and the outer diameter are 20mm and 60mm respectively, the height is 4mm, the substance 200 to be thrown is placed on the top surface of the gas tank 90, and the inner ring of the circular ring-shaped substance 200 to be thrown is aligned to the gas nozzle 41;
placing a gasket 12 with the thickness of 4mm on the periphery of the substance 200 to be thrown, and sequentially stacking a third organic glass plate 113, a second organic glass plate 112 and a first organic glass plate 111 on the gasket 12 from bottom to top and fixing the plates by bolts and nuts;
introducing high-pressure gas with the gas pressure of 1Mpa into the first gas chamber 20, and then introducing high-pressure gas with the gas pressure of 0.5Mpa into the second gas chamber 30, wherein the gas nozzle 41 is sealed by the piston head 53;
charging high-pressure gas with pressure of 0.2Mpa into the third gas chamber 40, wherein 0.2Mpa is equal to 2 bar;
when the three-way electromagnetic valve 64 is opened, the gas in the first gas chamber 20 can be rapidly discharged through the gas outlet 21, so that the piston 51 slides downwards in the first gas chamber 20 and drives the piston rod 52 to move downwards, the piston head 53 is pulled down by the piston rod 52, the gas outlet 41 is instantly opened, high-pressure gas is sprayed out to form shock waves, and the substance 200 to be thrown is pushed to radially diffuse all around.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a graph illustrating the pressure at the gas outlet 41 of the impact loading experimental apparatus 100. When different high-pressure gas is injected into the third gas chamber 40, the pressure measured at the gas injection port 41 is different, but the impact loading time for the material to be thrown 200 can last about 20 ms.
The impact loading experimental device 100 that this embodiment provided adopts the loaded mode of accurate two-dimensional structure, carries out the radial impact loading that lasts to solid particle, liquid or solid-liquid mixture to can observe the whole motion process that the granule was thrown away, impact loading time can last about 20ms, and loading pressure size can be regulated and control, and good reproducibility.
The above embodiments are only intended to be used for interpreting the claims. The scope of the invention is not limited by the description. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An impact loading experimental apparatus, comprising:
the gas pitcher, the inner chamber from the bottom up of gas pitcher separates for first gas chamber, second gas chamber and third gas chamber in proper order, first gas chamber is used for loading atmospheric pressure and is P1The first gas chamber is provided with an exhaust port, and the second gas chamber is used for loading gas with the pressure P2Of high pressure gas of (2), wherein P1≥P2The third gas chamber is used for loading high-pressure gas to be sprayed and is provided with a gas nozzle;
a piston assembly, comprising: the piston is accommodated in the inner cavity of the gas tank in a sliding mode and divides the first gas chamber and the second gas chamber, the piston head is used for sealing the gas injection port, the piston rod penetrates through the second gas chamber and the third gas chamber, one end of the piston rod is connected with the piston, and the other end of the piston rod is connected with the piston head;
the loading platform comprises a transparent panel, the transparent panel and the top surface of the gas tank, which is provided with the gas jet, are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the distance between the transparent panel and the gas tank is not more than 10 mm; and
and the substances to be thrown are arranged between the transparent panel and the gas tank and are close to the gas nozzles, when the gas nozzles are opened, high-pressure gas is sprayed out, and the substances to be thrown are diffused to the periphery.
2. The impact loading experimental apparatus of claim 1 wherein the transparent panel comprises a plexiglas plate.
3. The impact loading experimental device of claim 1, wherein the transparent panel comprises a first organic glass plate, a second organic glass plate and a third organic glass plate from top to bottom in sequence, and the centers of the second organic glass plate and the third organic glass plate are provided with air flow ports, and the air flow ports are communicated with the air jet ports.
4. The impact loading experimental apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a first flange provided at the bottom of the gas cylinder for covering the inner cavity of the gas cylinder, and a second flange provided on the first flange, the second flange being inserted on the circumferential wall of the gas cylinder and partitioning the second gas chamber and the third gas chamber.
5. The impact loading experimental apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a three-way solenoid valve connected to the exhaust port for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust port.
6. The impact loading experimental apparatus of claim 4, further comprising an anti-collision block disposed in the first gas chamber, the anti-collision block being configured to prevent the first flange from being collided when the piston moves downward.
7. The impact loading experimental apparatus of claim 1, wherein the loading platform further comprises a spacer disposed between the transparent panel and the top surface of the gas canister, the spacer for spacing the transparent panel from the top surface of the gas canister to form a gap for receiving the substance to be thrown.
8. The impact loading experimental apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a support device, wherein the support device is connected with the second flange, and the support device is used for supporting the impact loading experimental apparatus.
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| CN201810847746.4A CN109001056B (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | Impact loading experimental device |
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| CN201810847746.4A CN109001056B (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | Impact loading experimental device |
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| CN109001056B true CN109001056B (en) | 2020-01-03 |
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| CN109870372B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2021-07-13 | 南京理工大学 | Two-bin type fragment recovery experimental device for active material impact crushing research |
| CN111982759B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2023-08-22 | 北京理工大学 | Explosive wave loading experimental device |
| CN111982760B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2023-07-25 | 北京理工大学 | Detonation wave loading experimental device |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104260669A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2015-01-07 | 北京理工大学 | Intelligent vehicle head-up display |
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| JP2007205772A (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-16 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | False blast impact system |
| FR2918175B1 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2009-11-06 | Astrium Sas Soc Par Actions Si | PYROTECHNIC IMPACT TABLE |
| CN101905201B (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2013-01-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Novel gas spray nozzle without gas resistance and gas spray forming method |
| CN201832553U (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2011-05-18 | 张动科 | Smoke gas jet bubbling blasting desulphurization tower |
| CN102364712B (en) * | 2011-10-22 | 2013-03-20 | 中山伟强科技有限公司 | Synthetic jet heat dissipation device |
| CN105588700B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-04-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of evaluating apparatus and method of rotary impact jet stream Complex Flow Status and heat transfer effect |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104260669A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2015-01-07 | 北京理工大学 | Intelligent vehicle head-up display |
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