CN109000214B - Special superheated steam generator for oil field and application process thereof - Google Patents
Special superheated steam generator for oil field and application process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109000214B CN109000214B CN201810990181.5A CN201810990181A CN109000214B CN 109000214 B CN109000214 B CN 109000214B CN 201810990181 A CN201810990181 A CN 201810990181A CN 109000214 B CN109000214 B CN 109000214B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 260
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/04—Heat supply by installation of two or more combustion apparatus, e.g. of separate combustion apparatus for the boiler and the superheater respectively
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G3/00—Steam superheaters characterised by constructional features; Details of component parts thereof
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technology of oilfield steam injection devices, in particular to a special superheated steam generator for an oilfield and an application process thereof, wherein the special superheated steam generator for the oilfield comprises the following components: the device comprises a combustion furnace, a second air blower, a combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger, a combustion furnace superheat section heat exchanger, a steam-water separator and a steam-water mixer; the application process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that firstly, saturated wet steam with a certain dryness is output by a traditional conventional oilfield steam injection boiler, the saturated steam firstly enters a steam-water separator for steam-water separation, the saturated dry steam separated by the steam-water separator enters a heat exchanger of a superheating section of a combustion furnace to absorb high-temperature flue gas heat so as to form high superheat, and the high superheat steam enters a steam-water mixer to be fully mixed with saturated water separated from the steam-water separator in advance to form superheated steam with a certain superheat degree. The invention can convert saturated wet steam into superheated steam with a certain degree of superheat through the implementation of a reheating technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technology of an oilfield steam injection device, in particular to a special superheated steam generator for an oilfield and an application process thereof.
Background
At present, domestic thickened oil exploitation needs high-quality steam to improve thickened oil recovery ratio, but an oilfield steam injection boiler used for earlier thickened oil exploitation cannot meet the requirements of the oilfield production process at the present stage, and the superheated steam injection boiler is purchased again to replace the original oilfield steam injection boiler, so that the cost is excessively high, and a great deal of idling and waste of the oilfield steam injection boiler used for earlier thickened oil exploitation are caused. At present, the special equipment for thermal recovery of thickened oil used in domestic oil fields is called an oil field overheat steam injection boiler (similar equipment is called a wet steam generator in foreign countries), and the main working principle is as follows: after the softened water enters the feed pump and rises to the working pressure, the softened water enters the outer tube of the water-water heat exchanger through the orifice plate flowmeter, the one-way valve and the stop valve, exchanges heat with hot water from the convection section, rises to a temperature above the dew point temperature (90-120 ℃), and then enters the convection section. The convection section inlet water temperature can be adjusted with a bypass valve. The water is subjected to high-temperature flue gas convection heat exchange (about 40% of heat absorption) in the convection section, then enters the inner tube of the water-water heat exchanger, and enters the radiation section (about 50% of heat absorption) after heat exchange with the boiler water supply, and then is continuously heated and evaporated, so that the water is converted into high-temperature high-pressure wet saturated steam with the dryness of 80%. And the dry steam enters the steam-water separator, and the dry steam spirally rises in the steam-water separator to form a steam column due to the gravity difference of the steam and the water, and the saturated salt-containing water rotationally descends, so that the steam-water separation is realized. The flow of the separated dry saturated steam is 22.5t/h under the rated working condition, the temperature is 340 ℃, the smoke temperature at the smoke side of the superheater is 928 ℃, the dry saturated steam is heated to be superheated steam, the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater is 456 ℃, the working pressure is 14MPa, the flow of the superheated steam is measured through a long neck nozzle, the superheated steam enters a water spray blender, the superheated steam is mixed with high-temperature saturated water from a steam-water separator, the saturated water is vaporized in the mixing process, the temperature of the superheated steam is reduced, and the temperature of the superheated steam entering a steam injection pipe network is 360 ℃ after passing through a one-way valve and a stop valve, and the working pressure is 14MPa.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a superheated steam generator special for an oil field and an application process thereof, which can convert saturated wet steam into superheated steam with a certain degree of superheat through the implementation of a reheating technology.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: the heat exchanger of the convection section of the oilfield gas injection boiler is fixedly arranged in the convection section of a chimney of the oilfield gas injection boiler, the air outlet of the first blower is communicated with the air inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler, the water outlet of the water supply pump is connected with a second connecting pipeline through a first connecting pipeline and a first switch valve in sequence, the second connecting pipeline is connected with the water inlet of a low-temperature water flow pipeline through a third connecting pipeline, a third switch valve and a fourth connecting pipeline in sequence and is connected with a sixth connecting pipeline through a second switch valve and a fifth connecting pipeline in sequence, the water outlet of the low-temperature water flow pipeline is connected with the water inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger through a pipe outlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger, the water outlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler through an eighth connecting pipeline, and the water outlet of the high-temperature water flow pipeline is connected with the water inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler through a ninth connecting pipeline; the system comprises a combustion furnace, a second air blower, a combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger, a combustion furnace superheating section heat exchanger, a steam-water separator and a steam-water mixer, wherein an air outflow port of the second air blower is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace, the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger and the combustion furnace superheating section heat exchanger which are not in contact with each other are respectively and correspondingly and fixedly arranged in a chimney convection section and a superheating section of the combustion furnace, the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger is correspondingly arranged above the combustion furnace superheating section heat exchanger, the superheated steam generator is composed of superheated steam, an outflow port of a low-temperature water flow pipeline is connected with an inflow port of the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger through a sixth connecting pipeline, an outflow port of the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger is connected with an inflow port of the oilfield steam-injection boiler convection section heat exchanger through a seventh pipeline, a wet steam outflow port of the oilfield steam-injection boiler is connected with a wet steam inflow port of the steam-water separator through a tenth connecting pipeline, a dry steam outflow port of the oilfield steam-injection boiler sequentially passes through an eleventh connecting pipeline, a fifth switching valve and a twelfth connecting pipeline is connected with an inflow port of the combustion furnace superheating section heat exchanger, and an outflow port of the combustion furnace heat exchanger is sequentially connected with a fifteenth connecting port of the oilfield steam-injection boiler through a fifteenth connecting pipeline.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: an application process of a special superheated steam generator for an oil field comprises (1) starting a combustion furnace to safely work under a rated working condition, and keeping the stability of the flow and the temperature of flue gas discharged by a chimney of the combustion furnace; (2) closing the second switch valve, opening the first switch valve and the third switch valve, and enabling normal-temperature boiler water pumped by the water supply pump to flow into the oil-field steam injection boiler at a constant flow rate, wherein the normal-temperature boiler water flows into the oil-field steam injection boiler through the first connecting pipeline, the first switch valve, the second connecting pipeline, the third switch valve, the fourth connecting pipeline, a low-temperature water flow pipeline of the water-supply preheater, the sixth connecting pipeline, the burner convection section heat exchanger, the seventh connecting pipeline, the oil-field gas injection boiler convection section heat exchanger, the eighth connecting pipeline, a high-temperature water flow pipeline of the water-supply preheater, the ninth connecting pipeline and a water inlet of the oil-field steam injection boiler in sequence, until the temperature of the whole normal-temperature boiler water flow is increased to a stable value when the water inlet of the oil-field steam injection boiler flows after absorbing heat from flue gas flowing upwards through a chimney of the burner convection section heat exchanger; (3) opening a second switching valve to enable a part of water flow in normal-temperature boiler water pumped by a water supply pump to flow into an oil field steam injection boiler through a first connecting pipeline, a first switching valve, a second connecting pipeline, a third switching valve, a fourth connecting pipeline, a low-temperature water flow pipeline of a water supply preheater, a sixth connecting pipeline, a combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger, a seventh connecting pipeline, an oil field steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger, an eighth connecting pipeline, a high-temperature water flow pipeline of the water supply preheater, a ninth connecting pipeline and a water inlet of the oil field steam injection boiler in sequence, enabling the other part of the normal-temperature boiler water pumped by the water supply pump to flow into the oil field steam injection boiler through the first connecting pipeline, the first switching valve, the second connecting pipeline, the second switching valve, a fifth connecting pipeline, the sixth connecting pipeline, a combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger, a seventh connecting pipeline, an eighth connecting pipeline, a high-temperature water flow pipeline of the water supply preheater, the ninth connecting pipeline and the water inlet of the steam injection boiler to flow into the oil field steam injection boiler in sequence until the water inlet of the oil field steam injection boiler flows into the water inlet of the oil field steam injection boiler through the first connecting pipeline, the second switching valve, the fifth connecting pipeline and the sixth connecting pipeline are stable in sequence, and the water flow value of the water flow from the oil field steam inlet of the oil field steam injection boiler flow reaches the saturated value after the water flow in sequence; (4) saturated wet steam discharged from a wet steam outflow port of an oilfield steam injection boiler flows into the steam-water separator through a tenth connecting pipeline and a wet steam inlet of the steam-water separator in sequence, a fifth switch valve is opened, and dry steam separated from the saturated wet steam flowing into the steam-water separator by the steam-water separator flows into the steam-water mixer through a dry steam outflow port of the steam-water separator, an eleventh connecting pipeline, the fifth switch valve, a twelfth connecting pipeline, a heat exchanger of a overheating section of the combustion furnace, a thirteenth connecting pipeline and a dry steam inflow port of the steam-water mixer in sequence; simultaneously, a sixth switch valve is opened, so that water separated from saturated wet steam flowing into the steam-water separator flows into the steam-water mixer through a water outlet of the steam-water separator, a fourteenth connecting pipeline, the sixth switch valve, a fifteenth connecting pipeline and a water inlet of the steam-water mixer in sequence until the temperature of dry steam flowing into the dry steam inlet of the steam-water mixer and the temperature of water flowing into the water inlet of the steam-water mixer respectively reach stable values after the dry steam absorbs heat from flue gas flowing upwards through a chimney of the combustion furnace through a heat exchanger of a overheating section of the combustion furnace; (5) and opening a seventh switch valve and a sixteenth connecting pipeline which are connected with a steam outlet of the steam-water mixer and a steam pipe network leading to an oil field, and injecting dry saturated superheated steam which is formed by mixing dry steam and water in the steam-water mixer and is discharged through the steam outlet of the steam-water mixer into the steam pipe network through the seventh switch valve and the sixteenth connecting pipeline.
The invention has the technical characteristics that: the saturated wet steam of 65-75% output by the wet steam outflow port of the oilfield steam injection boiler enters a steam-water separator for steam-water separation, saturated dry steam separated by the steam-water separator enters a heat exchanger of a superheating section of the combustion furnace to absorb high-temperature flue gas heat to reach a high-superheat state, and the high-superheat steam enters a steam-water mixer to be fully mixed with the separated saturated water to form superheated steam with a certain superheat degree (5-23 ℃).
The device comprises: the device consists of a water supply pump, a first blower, an oilfield steam injection boiler, a convection section heat exchanger of the oilfield steam injection boiler, a water supply preheater, a second blower, a combustion furnace, a superheating section heat exchanger of the combustion furnace, a convection section heat exchanger of the combustion furnace, a steam-water separator, a steam-water mixer and the like. (1) a combustion furnace: the horizontal combustion chamber is a three-dimensional space surrounded by furnace walls for flame formation. (2) a heat exchanger of a superheating section of the combustion furnace: the single-return type furnace is positioned above the tail end of the furnace chamber, and the tube bundles are horizontally arranged in a reciprocating manner; the separated dry steam absorbs the heat of the high-temperature flue gas to reach high superheat. (3) a convection section heat exchanger of the combustion furnace: the multi-return combined type tube bundle is arranged horizontally in a reciprocating manner above the superheating section; the method is characterized in that the reclaimed water (normal-temperature boiler water) boosted by a water supply pump absorbs the heat of medium-low temperature flue gas, and returns to a flow inlet of a heat exchanger of a convection section of a butt-joint oilfield steam injection boiler after being heated. (4) a steam-water separator: has a sphere structure with the diameter of 1.8m; the saturated wet steam with a certain dryness (65-75%) generated by the oilfield steam injection boiler is subjected to steam-water separation.
The invention relates to a special boiler device for directly converting saturated wet steam produced by a traditional oilfield steam injection boiler into superheated steam with a certain superheat degree through a reheating technology, which solves the technical problem that the traditional oilfield steam injection boiler for pre-exploiting thick oil cannot meet the technical requirement of the oilfield production technology at the present stage because high-quality steam is required for improving the thick oil recovery ratio in the domestic thick oil exploitation.
When the method is applied, saturated wet steam with a certain dryness (65-75%) is output by the traditional conventional oilfield steam injection boiler, the saturated wet steam firstly enters the steam-water separator for steam-water separation, the saturated dry steam separated by the steam-water separator enters the heat exchanger of the overheat section of the combustion furnace to absorb the heat of high-temperature flue gas so as to form high overheat, the high overheat steam enters the steam-water mixer to be fully mixed with the saturated water separated from the steam-water separator in the prior art to form overheat steam with a certain overheat degree (5-23 ℃), and finally the overheat steam output by the steam-water mixer is injected into a high-pressure steam pipe network.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the positive effects that: (1) The invention utilizes the traditional conventional oilfield steam injection boiler to directly produce superheated steam with superheat degree (5-23 ℃). (2) The invention meets the technical requirements that the traditional conventional oilfield steam injection boiler does not need to be modified and can also meet the super-thick oil exploitation, so that the quality of steam injected into an oil layer is improved by using the traditional conventional oilfield steam injection boiler, and the technical problem that the traditional oilfield steam injection boiler which is used for exploitation of thick oil in China at present needs high-quality steam to improve the recovery ratio of the thick oil and is used for exploitation of the thick oil in the earlier stage cannot meet the technical requirements of the oilfield production process at the present stage is solved. (3) The invention converts saturated wet steam produced by the traditional conventional oilfield steam injection boiler into superheated steam with a certain degree of superheat through the implementation of a reheating technology. (4) The invention can directly save a great amount of equipment acquisition and reconstruction cost for the oil field, greatly improve the utilization rate of the original special equipment, and lead a great amount of idle conventional oil field boiler equipment to become key equipment for thickened oil exploitation again.
The invention has the special technical contribution that saturated wet steam generated by the existing oilfield steam injection boiler is converted into superheated steam with a certain degree of superheat through reheating technology. The method can directly save a large amount of equipment acquisition and reconstruction cost for the oil field, greatly improve the utilization rate of the original special equipment, and lead a large amount of idle boiler equipment to become key equipment for thickened oil exploitation again. At present, high-quality steam is required for heavy oil exploitation in China to improve the recovery ratio of heavy oil, but a conventional oilfield steam injection boiler used for early heavy oil exploitation cannot meet the requirements of the oilfield production process at the present stage, and only two measures are adopted to replace the method: the first is to purchase the overheated steam injection boiler again to replace the original oilfield steam injection boiler; the second is to reform the original conventional oilfield steam injection boiler; however, the measures for replacing the invention not only have high cost, but also cause a great deal of idling and waste of the oilfield steam injection boiler used for exploiting thick oil in the earlier stage.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general structural connection of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A superheated steam generator specially used for oil field is shown in figure 1, which comprises an oil field steam injection boiler 25, a convection section heat exchanger 12 of the oil field gas injection boiler, a water supply pump 1, a first blower 21 and a water supply preheater 17, wherein the water supply preheater 17 is arranged outside the oil field steam injection boiler 25 and is provided with a water jacket composite pipe which is sleeved together by an inner flow pipe and an outer flow pipe, the inner flow pipe is arranged in the outer flow pipe, a gap between the inner flow pipe and the outer flow pipe forms a high-temperature water flow pipeline in a water jacket shape, a low-temperature water flow pipeline is formed in the inner flow pipe, a flow inlet of the high-temperature water flow pipeline and a flow outlet of the low-temperature water flow pipeline are positioned at one end of the water jacket composite pipe, a flow outlet of the high-temperature water flow pipeline and a flow inlet of the low-temperature water flow pipeline are positioned at the other end of the water jacket composite pipe, the convection section heat exchanger 12 of the oil field gas injection boiler is fixedly arranged in a convection section of a chimney of the oil field gas injection boiler 25, the air outlet of the first blower 21 is communicated with the air inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler 25, the water outlet of the water supply pump 1 is connected with the second connecting pipeline 4 through the first connecting pipeline 2 and the first switch valve 3 in sequence, the second connecting pipeline 4 is connected with the water inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler 25 through the third connecting pipeline 16, the third switch valve 18 and the fourth connecting pipeline 26 in sequence and is connected with the sixth connecting pipeline 7 through the second switch valve 5 and the fifth connecting pipeline 6 in sequence, the outflow port of the low-temperature water flow pipeline is connected with the water inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger 12 through the outflow port of the oilfield steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger 12 through the eighth connecting pipeline 19, and the outflow port of the high-temperature water flow pipeline is connected with the water inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler 25 through the ninth connecting pipeline 20; the system further comprises a combustion furnace 14, a second air blower 15, a combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger 9, a combustion furnace superheat section heat exchanger 10, a steam-water separator 28 and a steam-water mixer 29, wherein an air outflow port of the second air blower 15 is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace 14, the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger 9 and the combustion furnace superheat section heat exchanger 10 which are not in contact with each other are respectively and fixedly arranged in a chimney convection section and a superheat section of the combustion furnace 14, the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger 9 is correspondingly arranged above the combustion furnace superheat section heat exchanger 10, the superheated steam generator is composed of superheated steam, an outflow port of a low-temperature water flow pipeline is connected with an inflow port of the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger 9 through a sixth connecting pipeline 7, an outflow port of the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger 9 is connected with an inflow port of an oilfield steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger 12 through a seventh connecting pipeline 11, a wet steam outflow port of the oilfield steam injection boiler 25 is connected with a wet steam inflow port of the steam-water separator 28 through a tenth connecting pipeline 33, a dry steam outflow port of the combustion boiler 28 is sequentially connected with a fifteenth connecting pipeline 30, a fifth switching valve 23, a fifteenth outflow port of the steam flow of the steam separator is connected with the steam-water separator 10 through a fifteenth connecting pipeline 29, and a steam inflow port of the steam-water mixer is sequentially connected with the steam mixer 29 through the thirteenth connecting pipeline 27.
An application process of a superheated steam generator special for an oil field is shown in fig. 1, (1) a combustion furnace 14 is started to safely work under a rated working condition, and the stability of the flow and the temperature of flue gas discharged by a chimney of the combustion furnace 14 is maintained; (2) closing the second switch valve 5, opening the first switch valve 3 and the third switch valve 18, and enabling normal-temperature boiler water pumped by the water supply pump 1 to flow into the oilfield steam injection boiler 25 at a constant flow rate sequentially through the first connecting pipeline 2, the first switch valve 3, the second connecting pipeline 4, the third connecting pipeline 16, the third switch valve 18, the fourth connecting pipeline 26, the low-temperature water flow pipeline of the water supply preheater 17, the sixth connecting pipeline 7, the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger 9, the seventh connecting pipeline 11, the oilfield steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger 12, the eighth connecting pipeline 19, the water flow pipeline of the water supply preheater 17, the ninth connecting pipeline 20 and the water inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler 25 until the temperature of the normal-temperature boiler water is raised to a stable value when flowing into the water inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler 25 after all water flows through the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger 9 from smoke flowing upwards through a chimney of the combustion furnace 14; (3) the second switch valve 5 is opened, a part of water flow in normal temperature boiler water pumped by the water supply pump 1 flows into the oilfield injection boiler 25 through the first connecting pipe 2, the first switch valve 3, the second connecting pipe 4, the third connecting pipe 16, the third switch valve 18, the fourth connecting pipe 26, a low-temperature water flowing pipe of the water supply preheater 17, the sixth connecting pipe 7, the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger 9, the seventh connecting pipe 11, the oilfield injection boiler convection section heat exchanger 12, the eighth connecting pipe 19, the high-temperature water flowing pipe of the water supply preheater 17, the ninth connecting pipe 20 and a water inlet of the oilfield injection boiler 25 in sequence, and the other part of water flow in the normal temperature boiler water pumped by the water supply pump 1 flows into the oilfield injection boiler 25 through the first connecting pipe 2, the first switch valve 3, the second connecting pipe 4, the second switch valve 5, the fifth connecting pipe 6, the sixth connecting pipe 7, the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger 9, the seventh connecting pipe 11, the oilfield injection boiler convection section heat exchanger 12, the eighth connecting pipe 19, the water inlet of the water supply boiler 17, the water inlet of the oilfield injection boiler 25 and the oilfield injection boiler 25 in sequence, and the water flow through the oilfield injection boiler 25 in sequence, and the water inlet of the oilfield injection boiler 25 reaches a stable value when the water flow value from the oilfield injection boiler 25 flows into the oilfield injection boiler 25 through the first connecting pipe 7 and the oilfield injection steam inlet; (4) saturated wet steam discharged from a wet steam outlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler 25 flows into the steam-water separator 28 through a tenth connecting pipeline 33 and a wet steam inlet of the steam-water separator 28 in sequence, the fifth switch valve 23 is opened, and dry steam separated from the saturated wet steam flowing into the steam-water separator 28 by the steam-water separator 28 flows into the steam-water mixer 29 through a dry steam outlet of the steam-water separator 28, an eleventh connecting pipeline 30, the fifth switch valve 23, a twelfth connecting pipeline 13, the burner superheating section heat exchanger 10, a thirteenth connecting pipeline 8 and a dry steam inlet of the steam-water mixer 29 in sequence; at the same time, the sixth switch valve 22 is opened, so that the water separated by the steam-water separator 28 from the saturated wet steam flowing into the sixth switch valve 22 flows into the steam-water mixer 29 through the water outlet of the steam-water separator 28, the fourteenth connecting pipeline 27, the sixth switch valve 22, the fifteenth connecting pipeline 24 and the water inlet of the steam-water mixer 29 in sequence until the temperature of the dry steam when flowing into the dry steam inlet of the steam-water mixer 29 and the temperature of the water when flowing into the water inlet of the steam-water mixer 29 respectively reach stable values after the dry steam absorbs heat from the flue gas flowing upwards through the chimney of the combustion furnace 14 through the combustion furnace superheating section heat exchanger 10; (5) the seventh on-off valve 32 and the sixteenth connecting pipeline 31 which are connected with the steam outlet of the steam-water mixer 29 and the steam pipe network leading to the oil field are opened, and the dry saturated superheated steam which is formed by mixing the dry steam and the water in the steam-water mixer 29 and is discharged through the steam outlet of the steam-water mixer 29 is injected into the steam pipe network through the seventh on-off valve 32 and the sixteenth connecting pipeline 31.
The water supply of the invention is boosted by the water supply pump of the oilfield steam injection boiler and then enters the heat exchanger of the convection section of the combustion furnace, and the water in the heat exchanger of the convection section of the combustion furnace is heated and then flows back to the oilfield steam injection boiler through the heat exchanger of the convection section of the oilfield steam injection boiler after absorbing heat in the warm flue gas. The furnace chamber of the combustion furnace is a horizontal combustion chamber of a boiler, is a three-dimensional cylindrical space which is surrounded by furnace walls and is provided with a water-free cold wall formed by flame, and is a device for providing needed high-temperature flue gas for heat exchange equipment of a next process flow superheating section. The heat exchanger of the overheating section of the combustion furnace is positioned above the tail end of the hearth, and the tube bundles of the heat exchanger are horizontally arranged in a reciprocating mode and are arranged in a single return stroke; the dry steam separated by the steam-water separator absorbs the heat of the high-temperature flue gas, and then generates steam with high overheat quality. The heat exchanger of the convection section of the combustion furnace is positioned above the heat exchanger of the superheating section of the combustion furnace, and the tube bundles of the heat exchanger are horizontally arranged in a reciprocating manner and are arranged in a multi-return combined manner; the water after water supply and pressure boosting absorbs the heat of the warm flue gas and flows into the convection section heat exchanger of the oilfield steam injection boiler after being heated. The steam-water separator is a device with a spherical structure, and the diameter of the steam-water separator is 1.8m; the method has the function of separating steam from water of saturated wet steam with a certain dryness (65-75%) generated by the oilfield steam injection boiler in the previous process flow. The steam-water mixer is a device with a tubular structure; the high-superheat steam heated by the heat exchanger of the superheating section of the combustion furnace is fully mixed with the salt-containing water separated by the steam-water separator to produce the superheated steam with a certain degree of superheat (5-23 ℃).
In summary, the invention provides a special boiler device for directly converting saturated wet steam produced by a traditional oilfield steam injection boiler into superheated steam with a certain superheat degree for the production of a thickened oil field, and solves the problem that the traditional oilfield steam injection boiler for the prior exploitation of thickened oil cannot meet the requirement of the oilfield production process at the present stage because high-quality steam is required for the exploitation of thickened oil to improve the recovery ratio of thickened oil. The method realizes that the traditional conventional oilfield steam injection boiler does not need to be modified, and can also meet the technological requirements of super-heavy oil exploitation, so that the improvement of the quality of steam injected into an oil layer by using the traditional conventional oilfield steam injection boiler becomes a reality. The method directly saves a large amount of equipment acquisition and reconstruction cost for the oil field, greatly improves the utilization rate of the original special equipment, and enables a large amount of idle conventional oil field boiler equipment to become key equipment for thickened oil exploitation again.
Claims (3)
1. The heat exchanger of the convection section of the oilfield gas injection boiler is fixedly arranged in the convection section of a chimney of the oilfield gas injection boiler, the air outlet of the first blower is communicated with the air inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler, the water outlet of the water supply pump is connected with a second connecting pipeline through a first connecting pipeline and a first switch valve in sequence, the second connecting pipeline is connected with the water inlet of a low-temperature water flow pipeline through a third connecting pipeline, a third switch valve and a fourth connecting pipeline in sequence and is connected with a sixth connecting pipeline through a second switch valve and a fifth connecting pipeline in sequence, the water outlet of the low-temperature water flow pipeline is connected with the water inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger through a pipe outlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger, the water outlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler through an eighth connecting pipeline, and the water outlet of the high-temperature water flow pipeline is connected with the water inlet of the oilfield steam injection boiler through a ninth connecting pipeline; the method is characterized in that: the system comprises a combustion furnace, a second air blower, a combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger, a combustion furnace superheating section heat exchanger, a steam-water separator and a steam-water mixer, wherein an air outflow port of the second air blower is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace, the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger and the combustion furnace superheating section heat exchanger which are not in contact with each other are respectively and correspondingly and fixedly arranged in a chimney convection section and a superheating section of the combustion furnace, the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger is correspondingly arranged above the combustion furnace superheating section heat exchanger, the superheated steam generator is composed of superheated steam, an outflow port of a low-temperature water flow pipeline is connected with an inflow port of the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger through a sixth connecting pipeline, an outflow port of the combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger is connected with an inflow port of the oilfield steam-injection boiler convection section heat exchanger through a seventh pipeline, a wet steam outflow port of the oilfield steam-injection boiler is connected with a wet steam inflow port of the steam-water separator through a tenth connecting pipeline, a dry steam outflow port of the oilfield steam-injection boiler sequentially passes through an eleventh connecting pipeline, a fifth switching valve and a twelfth connecting pipeline is connected with an inflow port of the combustion furnace superheating section heat exchanger, and an outflow port of the combustion furnace heat exchanger is sequentially connected with a fifteenth connecting port of the oilfield steam-injection boiler through a fifteenth connecting pipeline.
2. The oilfield specific superheated steam generator of claim 1, wherein: all the heat exchangers are tube bundle heat exchangers, and the tube bundles of the tube bundle heat exchangers are respectively arranged in the corresponding chimney in a mode of being perpendicular to the height of the chimney and horizontally arranged in the corresponding chimney along the vertical direction.
3. An application process of the oil field special-purpose superheated steam generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: (1) starting the combustion furnace to safely work under the rated working condition, and keeping the stability of the flow and the temperature of the flue gas exhausted by a chimney of the combustion furnace; (2) closing the second switch valve, opening the first switch valve and the third switch valve, and enabling normal-temperature boiler water pumped by the water supply pump to flow into the oil-field steam injection boiler at a constant flow rate, wherein the normal-temperature boiler water flows into the oil-field steam injection boiler through the first connecting pipeline, the first switch valve, the second connecting pipeline, the third switch valve, the fourth connecting pipeline, a low-temperature water flow pipeline of the water-supply preheater, the sixth connecting pipeline, the burner convection section heat exchanger, the seventh connecting pipeline, the oil-field gas injection boiler convection section heat exchanger, the eighth connecting pipeline, a high-temperature water flow pipeline of the water-supply preheater, the ninth connecting pipeline and a water inlet of the oil-field steam injection boiler in sequence, until the temperature of the whole normal-temperature boiler water flow is increased to a stable value when the water inlet of the oil-field steam injection boiler flows after absorbing heat from flue gas flowing upwards through a chimney of the burner convection section heat exchanger; (3) opening a second switching valve to enable a part of water flow in normal-temperature boiler water pumped by a water supply pump to flow into an oil field steam injection boiler through a first connecting pipeline, a first switching valve, a second connecting pipeline, a third switching valve, a fourth connecting pipeline, a low-temperature water flow pipeline of a water supply preheater, a sixth connecting pipeline, a combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger, a seventh connecting pipeline, an oil field steam injection boiler convection section heat exchanger, an eighth connecting pipeline, a high-temperature water flow pipeline of the water supply preheater, a ninth connecting pipeline and a water inlet of the oil field steam injection boiler in sequence, enabling the other part of the normal-temperature boiler water pumped by the water supply pump to flow into the oil field steam injection boiler through the first connecting pipeline, the first switching valve, the second connecting pipeline, the second switching valve, a fifth connecting pipeline, the sixth connecting pipeline, a combustion furnace convection section heat exchanger, a seventh connecting pipeline, an eighth connecting pipeline, a high-temperature water flow pipeline of the water supply preheater, the ninth connecting pipeline and the water inlet of the steam injection boiler to flow into the oil field steam injection boiler in sequence until the water inlet of the oil field steam injection boiler flows into the water inlet of the oil field steam injection boiler through the first connecting pipeline, the second switching valve, the fifth connecting pipeline and the sixth connecting pipeline are stable in sequence, and the water flow value of the water flow from the oil field steam inlet of the oil field steam injection boiler flow reaches the saturated value after the water flow in sequence; (4) saturated wet steam discharged from a wet steam outflow port of an oilfield steam injection boiler flows into the steam-water separator through a tenth connecting pipeline and a wet steam inlet of the steam-water separator in sequence, a fifth switch valve is opened, and dry steam separated from the saturated wet steam flowing into the steam-water separator by the steam-water separator flows into the steam-water mixer through a dry steam outflow port of the steam-water separator, an eleventh connecting pipeline, the fifth switch valve, a twelfth connecting pipeline, a heat exchanger of a overheating section of the combustion furnace, a thirteenth connecting pipeline and a dry steam inflow port of the steam-water mixer in sequence; simultaneously, a sixth switch valve is opened, so that water separated from saturated wet steam flowing into the steam-water separator flows into the steam-water mixer through a water outlet of the steam-water separator, a fourteenth connecting pipeline, the sixth switch valve, a fifteenth connecting pipeline and a water inlet of the steam-water mixer in sequence until the temperature of dry steam flowing into the dry steam inlet of the steam-water mixer and the temperature of water flowing into the water inlet of the steam-water mixer respectively reach stable values after the dry steam absorbs heat from flue gas flowing upwards through a chimney of the combustion furnace through a heat exchanger of a overheating section of the combustion furnace; (5) and opening a seventh switch valve and a sixteenth connecting pipeline which are connected with a steam outlet of the steam-water mixer and a steam pipe network leading to an oil field, and injecting dry saturated superheated steam which is formed by mixing dry steam and water in the steam-water mixer and is discharged through the steam outlet of the steam-water mixer into the steam pipe network through the seventh switch valve and the sixteenth connecting pipeline.
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