CN108999184B - Stepped cement soil pile machine and construction method - Google Patents
Stepped cement soil pile machine and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108999184B CN108999184B CN201810440502.4A CN201810440502A CN108999184B CN 108999184 B CN108999184 B CN 108999184B CN 201810440502 A CN201810440502 A CN 201810440502A CN 108999184 B CN108999184 B CN 108999184B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stepped multi-shaft mixing pile machine which comprises a chassis, three-fulcrum pile frames and a power head, wherein the three-fulcrum pile frames horizontally move forwards and backwards through the chassis, the power head is sleeved on a vertical guide post of the three-fulcrum pile frames and is connected with a plurality of drill rods in a sliding mode, and the power head is connected with the drill rods one by one through a plurality of vertical shafts; the blade of the drill rod is internally provided with a transverse cutting blade, and when the drill rod transversely moves, soil is transversely cut. When the cement soil wall is constructed, the uniformity and the continuity of the stirring pile wall are greatly improved, and the cement soil wall is suitable for strata such as cohesive soil, sandy soil and the like, particularly suitable for soft soil strata, convenient to construct, easy to control verticality, low in dead weight and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to mechanical equipment for the field of geotechnical engineering, relates to a stirring pile machine, and in particular relates to a multi-shaft stirring pile machine with drill rods with different lengths in a stepped arrangement.
Background
At present, a multi-shaft stirring pile machine is commonly used for stirring cement soil walls in civil engineering, such as a two-shaft stirring pile machine, a three-shaft stirring pile machine, a five-shaft stirring pile machine or a six-shaft stirring pile machine, such as CN201210497137.3 'a multi-shaft stirring pile device capable of reducing soil squeezing performance and application of the multi-shaft stirring pile device in the prior art', a power head drives a plurality of drill rods to rotate sequentially through a gearbox and a speed reducer, the drill rods are provided with 1-9, the rotation directions of the plurality of drill rods are positively and negatively staggered, a slurry inlet is formed in the upper end of each drill rod, the lower end of each drill rod is connected with a winged drill rod, the lower end of each winged drill rod is connected with a multifunctional drill bit in a replaceable manner, and a slurry spraying port and a gas spraying port are formed in the multifunctional drill bit. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of reduced soil squeezing effect, good drilling and forming, high cement utilization rate, small influence on the surrounding environment and the like.
In another example, CN201320753981.8 "a device capable of accurately positioning a multi-axis deep mixing pile" includes a device base, a roller, a steel beam frame, a lifting stand of a drilling machine, a walking track, a multi-axis linkage motor for drill pipes, a driving stroke motor set, a driving shaft, and a driving gear; be equipped with steel beam frame on the equipment base, be the roller bearing between equipment base and the steel beam frame, be equipped with rig lift stand on the steel beam frame one end, be equipped with drilling rod multiaxis linkage motor on the rig lift stand, be equipped with a plurality of drilling rods (the drilling rod quantity generally selects three) on the drilling rod multiaxis linkage motor, the steel beam frame other end is equipped with the walking track, is equipped with transmission stroke motor group on the equipment base, and transmission stroke motor group is connected with drive gear through the transmission shaft, and drive gear drives the walking track.
And as in CN201420482704.2, a power box capable of sliding up and down is arranged on the frame, and the power box is connected with a plurality of rows of drill rods, and each row of drill rods comprises n drill rods; the lower part of each drill rod is provided with a stirring blade or a blade; the drill rod is a hollow drill rod, a channel is arranged in the drill rod, and an opening is formed in the bottom of the drill rod; the multiple rows of drill rods simultaneously rotate to form multiple rows of cement-soil mixing piles with n groups. The multi-row cement-soil mixing pile can be constructed at one time, the lap joint cold joint is reduced, the labor cost is greatly reduced, the construction period is shortened, the construction quality is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
And as in CN201420451756.3, the intermittent multi-shaft cement soil mixing pile machine comprises a frame, wherein a power box is arranged on the frame and is connected with n drill rods, n is more than or equal to 2, the n drill rods are arranged on the same vertical surface and are mutually parallel in the vertical direction, each drill rod is provided with a mixing blade or blade, the radial length of the mixing blade or blade is D, the distance between adjacent drill rods is D, and D is less than D/2; the n drill rods rotate to form n cement-soil stirring piles which are not overlapped with each other. The pile can construct a plurality of interval type cement soil mixing piles at one time, the precision such as the spacing, the perpendicularity and the like of the piles is greatly improved, the working efficiency is greatly improved compared with that of single-shaft construction interval piles, the labor cost is greatly reduced, the construction period is shortened, the labor intensity is reduced and the construction cost is reduced particularly in the construction of the engaged piles.
Stirring pile technology in the prior art is continuously developed, but stirring drill rods are not mentioned in stepped distribution, and the stirring pile machine in practical use has the common characteristics that the stirring drill rods are basically equal in length, only one single stirring pile can be constructed each time, and each stirring pile forms a continuous cement soil stirring wall through sleeving. In construction, the requirement on the perpendicularity of the stirring drill rod is very high, otherwise, a slit is easy to appear between each stirring pile, if the water-stop curtain construction is carried out, the occurrence of the slit can cause water-stop failure, and engineering construction and safety are directly affected. In addition, the height of the frame of the existing multi-shaft mixing pile machine is quite large, usually more than 30m, so that the gravity center of the machine is high, the self weight of the machine is high, the verticality is difficult to control in construction, the construction ground is required to have enough strength, and thicker gravels and concrete are required to be paved. When the stirring depth is large, the plurality of drill rods are used for stirring soil at the deep layer simultaneously, so that the friction resistance is large, and a high-power system is required to be configured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the multi-shaft stirring pile machine comprises stirring drill rods which are arranged in a stepped mode, wherein the stirring drill rods are arranged in a stepped mode according to different lengths, each drill rod is responsible for stirring soil layers with different depths and the same thickness, for example, three-shaft stirring is carried out, and the thickness of each stirring drill rod stirring soil layer is equal to one third of the designed stirring depth. Meanwhile, the drill rod body is provided with the vertical stirring and transverse cutting blades, so that the drill rod has the functions of moving back transversely and cutting and stirring soil bodies, and the soil bodies between the just completed stirring pile bodies can be secondarily stirred, so that the uniformity and the continuity of the cement soil wall are improved. In addition, the distance of the up-and-down movement of the drill rods is equal to the total stirring depth divided by the number of the stirring drill rods, the lifting space is greatly reduced, the height and the dead weight of the whole machine frame are greatly reduced, the gravity center is reduced, the perpendicularity of the machine frame is easier to control, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
The scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a cascaded multiaxis stirring stake machine, it includes chassis, three fulcrum stake frame and unit head, and three fulcrum stake frame realizes back and forth horizontal migration through the chassis, the unit head cup joints on three fulcrum stake frame's vertical guide post and upper and lower sliding connection, the unit head is connected with many drilling rods one by one through a plurality of vertical scroll, vertical scroll and drilling rod are equipped with one row respectively at least, and every drilling rod length in every row is different, from short to long in ladder arrangement, with the direction of advance as preceding, short preceding, long after, the blade depth length of every drilling rod equals and add equal stirring depth; the blade of the drill rod is internally provided with a transverse cutting blade, and when the drill rod transversely moves, soil is transversely cut.
Further, the lengths of the drill rods are regularly arranged in an arithmetic sequence, the length of the shortest drill rod is equal to the tolerance, the length is equal to the designed stirring depth divided by the number of the drill rods, the longest drill rod is equal to the designed stirring depth, and the depth length of the blade of each drill rod is equal.
Further, the power head consists of a power driving head, a vertical shaft limiting head and a vertical shaft, wherein the power driving head and the vertical shaft limiting head are relatively fixed together and are separated by a certain distance, the upper end of the vertical shaft is connected with the power driving head, the lower end of the vertical shaft penetrates through a vertical shaft hole with a bearing on the vertical shaft limiting head, the lower end of the vertical shaft penetrates through a connecting screw thread exposed out of the vertical shaft hole and is connected with a drill rod, and the verticality of the vertical shaft and the drill rod is the same as that of a pile frame guide post.
Further, a motor and a gearbox are arranged in the power driving head, and the motor drives the vertical shaft to rotate through the gearbox.
Further, the drill rod consists of an upper section of round drill rod and a lower section of blade drill rod, wherein the round drill rod is an elongated drill rod, namely, each drill rod is provided with more than one section of round drill rod, and the blade drill rod body is provided with a blade.
Further, the bottom end of the blade drill rod is provided with a lower cutting stirring blade, and the upper end surface of the lower cutting stirring blade is provided with a slurry outlet; the blade drill rod body is provided with a stirring blade and a transverse cutting blade.
Further, stirring blade and undercut stirring blade structure are similar and follow pole body interval arrangement, upwards distribute from the pulp outlet, and the crosscut blade is fixed in the stirring blade outside, and the front end has the blade, and the width of whole blade is slightly less than the clean interval between the adjacent drilling rod, does not take place the mutual collision between the adjacent drilling rod.
Further, the power heads are connected with the drill rods one by one through vertical shafts, namely a first vertical shaft, a second vertical shaft and a last vertical shaft from front to back, wherein the first vertical shaft is connected with the shortest drill rod, the second vertical shaft is connected with the second short drill rod, and the last vertical shaft is connected with the longest drill rod.
Further, the length of the shortest drill rod is equal to the designed stirring depth divided by the number of drill rods, namely, the tolerance of an arithmetic series, and the whole shortest drill rod is a blade drill rod; the length of the second drill rod is equal to twice the length of the shortest drill rod, the upper half length of the second drill rod is the round drill rod, and the lower half length of the second drill rod is the blade drill rod; similarly, the length of the longest drill rod is equal to the designed stirring depth, the length below the longest drill rod, which corresponds to the tolerance, is the blade drill rod, and the rest is the round drill rod, namely the lengths of the blade drill rods of all the drill rods are equal and equal to the tolerance; the blade drill rod body is provided with a stirring blade and a transverse cutting blade, and the blades and the drill rod do not collide with each other in the rotating process of the drill rod.
The construction method of the cement soil wall of the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining the thickness of a drill rod and the number of vertical shafts and drill rod rows according to the stirring thickness, and determining the length and the number of the drill rods according to the stirring depth and the vertical shafts; the length of the shortest drill rod at the forefront is equal to the tolerance, the whole shortest drill rod is a blade drill rod, the length is equal to the designed stirring depth divided by the number of the drill rods, the longest drill rod at the rearmost is equal to the designed stirring depth, the blade depth length of each drill rod is equal, and the drill rods are designed into a segmented connecting structure;
secondly, placing the stirring pile machine in place; adjusting the verticality of the guide column and the vertical shaft to enable the guide column and the vertical shaft to be in a vertical state; the drill rod is installed in sections as follows: lifting the power head, installing a blade drill rod on the rearmost vertical shaft, stirring and sinking the blade drill rod to a soil layer, exposing only a connector part, then detaching and separating the vertical shaft from the blade drill rod, lifting the power head, continuously installing a round drill rod on the rearmost vertical shaft, simultaneously installing the blade drill rod on the front vertical shaft which is the last but one behind, simultaneously stirring and sinking the two drill rods to the soil layer, detaching and separating the two vertical shafts from the drill rod after the blade drill rod is completely buried, lifting the power head again, continuously installing the round drill rod on the two drill rods, simultaneously installing the blade drill rod on the front vertical shaft which is the last but one behind, and so on until the blade drill rod is installed on the foremost vertical shaft, namely the shortest drill rod is installed;
thirdly, spraying and stirring for the first time; integrally sinking the drill rod, stirring and spraying slurry, wherein the sinking depth is equal to the length of the longest drill rod; lifting the drill rod integrally, stirring and spraying slurry, and sinking the drill rod integrally and stirring when the bottom end of the shortest drill rod just exposes out of the ground, wherein the sinking and lifting distances of the drill rod are equal each time;
fourthly, the pile driver moves forwards; lifting the drill rod, moving the shortest drill rod just after exposing the ground, wherein the moving distance is equal to the center distance of the adjacent drill rods, and repeating the third step after reaching a new pile position;
fifthly, the pile machine moves backwards; when the stirring and the slurry spraying of one pile are completed, the longest drilling rod is stirred to the designed depth, the whole drilling rod is translated backwards to the position of the previous pile or the position between the two piles while rotating, the drilling rod is integrally lifted and stirred until the bottom of the shortest drilling rod just exposes out of the ground, and the up-down stirring times and whether the slurry spraying is performed are determined according to the requirement;
and step six, the next pile driver is moved forward and moved backward until the whole cement-soil wall stirring operation is completed, wherein the pile driver is moved forward by twice or 1.5 times the center distance of the adjacent drill rods from the step, and a new pile position is reached.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. the drill rods with different lengths are arranged in a step mode, so that the height of the three-pivot pile frame can be greatly reduced, the dead weight is reduced, the gravity center is lowered, the verticality is controlled in construction, the pressure on the ground is reduced, and the drill rods are prevented from deviating.
2. And the transverse blades are arranged on the drill rod body, so that the uniformity of pile stirring is improved. And set up vertical crosscut blade at the drilling rod shaft, make the drilling rod have lateral shifting cutting stirring function, can back lateral shifting stir just stirring pile body overlap joint department, also can back remove and encrypt the guniting stirring, greatly increased the continuity and the homogeneity of cement soil stirring wall, reduce whole cement soil wall "fork" phenomenon.
3. The novel mode that drilling rod length is the ladder formula arrangement has been opened up especially, makes stirring stake machine have simultaneously and cuts stirring and horizontal translation stirring (mainly to just stirring the encryption stirring of stake body overlap joint department) function, and has simple structure, convenient operation, the advantage of being convenient for maintain.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of a stepped arrangement of drill rods according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of a blade drill rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of section A-A of an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples and figures.
Embodiment 1, the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile machine (hereinafter referred to as stepped pile machine in fig. 1-4) of the present design comprises four parts of a chassis 1, a three-fulcrum pile frame 2, a power head 3 and a drill rod 4 (see fig. 1). The stepped triaxial stirring pile machine is described below as an example.
The chassis 1 and the three-pivot pile frame 2 of the present embodiment are the same as those of the prior art. The chassis 1 is crawler-type or walking-type, the three-fulcrum pile frame 2 is fixed on the chassis 1 and can horizontally move back and forth on the chassis, the three-fulcrum pile frame 2 consists of two inclined rods 201 and vertical guide posts 202, the guide posts 202 are vertical and consist of two smooth posts which are arranged in parallel and relatively fixed together, the cross section of each guide post 202 can be circular or other shapes, and the perpendicularity of each guide post 202 can be adjusted, namely, the perpendicularity of each guide post can be adjusted by adjusting the inclined rods.
The power head 3 is composed of a power driving head 301, a vertical shaft limiting head 302 and three vertical shafts 303, wherein the power driving head 301 and the vertical shaft limiting head 302 are sleeved on the guide post 202 and can slide up and down along the guide post 202, and the power driving head 301 is positioned above the vertical shaft limiting head 302 and is fixed together relatively (see fig. 2) at a certain distance, namely, slides up and down along the guide post 202. The vertical shaft limiting head 302 is provided with vertical shaft holes with bearings, the number of the holes is the same as that of the vertical shafts, the vertical shaft 303 is hollow, the upper end face of the vertical shaft 303 is connected with the power driving head 301, the lower end of the vertical shaft 303 penetrates through the vertical shaft hole of the vertical shaft limiting head 302, the lower end face of the vertical shaft limiting head is exposed out of a threaded screw thread, and the threaded screw thread is used for being connected with a drill rod. The vertical shaft 303 is always parallel to the guide post 202 under the constraint of the power driving head 301 and the vertical shaft limiting head 302, the two are kept at the same verticality, a motor and a gearbox are arranged in the power driving head 301 to provide power for the rotation of the vertical shaft 303, the power driving head 301 drives the vertical shaft 303 to rotate, and then drives the drill rod 4 connected with the vertical shaft 303 to rotate together to stir soil layers.
The top end of the drill rod 4 is connected with the power head 3, the power head 3 drives the drill rod 4 to rotate, the grouting device performs grouting on the drill rod 4 through the vertical shaft, and slurry enters a stirring soil layer through the drill rod 4 and is mixed with the soil layer.
When the power head 301 descends to the lowest position along the guide post 202, the lower end of the vertical shaft 303 is flush with the ground, and the minimum distance the power head 3 moves up and down is not less than the designed stirring depth divided by the number of drill rods, i.e., the length of the blade drill rods.
The motor and the speed change device in the power driving head 301 drive the vertical shaft 303 to rotate at a certain speed, and the vertical shaft 303 drives the drill rod 4 to rotate so as to cut and stir soil. Because the power driving head and the vertical shaft limiting head are relatively fixed together and are separated by a certain distance, the vertical shaft and the guide post can be kept parallel, the power head can bear a certain transverse thrust, the whole power driving head 301 can slide up and down along the guide post, the verticality of the vertical shaft is the same as that of the guide post, and the verticality of the vertical shaft can be adjusted by adjusting the guide post, so that the verticality of each drill rod is adjusted.
The drill rod 4 is composed of a smooth circular drill rod 402 (hereinafter referred to as a circular drill rod) and a drill rod 401 with a blade (hereinafter referred to as a blade drill rod), and the top ends of the drill rods are connected with the vertical shaft through threads and rotate and slide up and down along with the vertical shaft.
For easy installation and disassembly, each drill rod is divided into a plurality of sections, and each section of drill rod is connected through a thread. The length of the blade drill rod on each drill rod is equal, the size is equal to or slightly smaller than the tolerance of the length of the drill rod, the tolerance is equal to the designed stirring depth divided by the number of the drill rods, and in order to facilitate assembling the blade drill rods with different lengths, a transverse blade part is arranged and can be composed of a plurality of sections, and each section is connected through a threaded screw.
For example, in a triaxial mixing pile machine, the upper end surfaces of three drill rods 4 are respectively connected with the lower end surfaces of three vertical shafts 303 and rotate together with the vertical shafts 303, the drill rods are arranged in an equal-difference array in length, and the drill rods are arranged in the order from short to long from front to back by taking the advancing direction as the front. The shortest drill rod length is equal to the tolerance, the size is equal to the designed stirring depth divided by the number of drill rods, the longest drill rod length is equal to the designed stirring depth, the blade drill rods 401 on each drill rod 4 are all positioned at the lower ends of the drill rods, the lengths of the blade drill rods are all equal, and the size is equal to the shortest drill rod length or the tolerance.
Therefore, the shortest drill rod length of the stepped triaxial stirring rod pile machine is equal to one third of the designed stirring depth, the shortest drill rod is arranged and mounted on the first front vertical shaft (see fig. 2), and the whole drill rod is a blade drill rod 401. The second drill rod is connected with the middle vertical shaft, and the length of the second drill rod is equal to two thirds of the designed stirring depth, wherein the upper half length of the second drill rod is a round drill rod 402, and the lower half length of the second drill rod is a blade drill rod 401. The third drill rod is longest and is connected with the rearmost vertical shaft, the length of the third drill rod is equal to the designed stirring depth, the upper two thirds of the third length of the third drill rod is a round drill rod 402, and the lower one third of the third length of the third drill rod is a blade drill rod 401.
The round drill rod 402 is hollow cylindrical drill rod, has no stirring function, and is used for lengthening the drill rod, similar to the prior art. As shown in fig. 3-4, the lower end of the blade drill rod 401 is symmetrically provided with two pairs of four lower cutting stirring blades 403, the blades incline to a certain angle in the rotation direction and are radially fixed on the drill rod shaft, and the front end is provided with a cutting edge, so that the drill rod can smoothly drill down and cut soil. The blade drill rod 401 is provided with stirring blades 404 and transverse cutting blades 405 at different heights, and has higher rigidity and is not easy to deform. The stirring blades 404 are similar to the lower cutting stirring blades 403, are arranged at intervals along the axial direction (i.e. the length direction) of the drill rod, the blades at the same height position form one section, each section of blade is separated by a certain distance, and each section of blade is formed by a section of spiral blade or a plurality of blade-shaped blades. Each layer of stirring blades 404 has a certain interval, so that the soil body can be prevented from being continuously pushed upwards. The transverse cutting blade 405 is fixed on the outer side of the stirring blade, is vertically arranged and is parallel to the drill rod shaft, and a cutting edge is arranged on one advancing side of the rotation and is used for cutting soil when the drill rod moves back transversely and rotates.
The pitch of the spiral blade is larger, the front end is provided with a cutting edge, the blade type blade is radially fixed on the drill rod, a certain inclination angle is formed between the blade type blade and the horizontal plane, the rotation direction is inclined, the front end is provided with the cutting edge, the interval between each two sections of blades is larger, and the soil body is prevented from being continuously pushed upwards due to too short interval.
The width of the undercut stirring blade is slightly smaller than the clearance between adjacent drill rods so as to avoid collision with the adjacent drill rods. The upper end surface close to the lower cutting stirring blade is provided with a guniting port.
When the drill rod rotates, the stirring blade stirs the soil up and down, and the stirring uniformity of the pile body is improved. When the drill rod moves transversely along with the pile frame, the transverse cutting blade fixed on the outer side of the stirring blade has the function of cutting soil, namely, the drill rod rotates and transversely cuts the soil, so that the whole stirring pile machine has the transverse cutting stirring function, the soil between the just stirred piles can be stirred for the second time, the lap joint thickness between the piles is increased, and the cement-soil stirring wall with equal thickness can be formed.
The blades are arranged from the upper end of the slurry spraying port of the drill bit at the bottom end of the drill rod to the lower end face of the drill bit of the shorter drill rod at the upper stage, so that the blades of the rod body and the drill bit of the shorter drill rod at the upper stage are prevented from collision with each other. The radial width of the blade (i.e. the radial direction of the drill rod) is slightly smaller than the clearance between adjacent drill rods, and the blade and the drill rod do not collide with each other in the rotation process of the drill rod.
The structure not described in this embodiment is applicable to the prior art.
The main steps of the cement soil wall construction using the pile machine of the invention are different from those of the existing multi-shaft stirring pile machine, and the three-stirring two-spraying construction method of the three-shaft stirring pile machine of the invention is described by taking the three-stirring two-spraying construction method as an example, wherein the three-stirring two-spraying construction method is sinking stirring and spraying (one stirring one spraying), lifting stirring and spraying (one stirring one spraying) and sinking stirring (one stirring).
Firstly, positioning a stirring pile machine, and adjusting the perpendicularity of a guide column 202 to be in a vertical state, wherein a vertical shaft 303 is also in a vertical state;
and secondly, installing the drill rod in sections. The drill rod 4 is connected in a segmented way, the power head 3 is lifted to a higher position, and the height from the lower end surface of the vertical shaft 303 to the ground is equal to the length of the blade drill rod 401. The stirring advancing direction of the pile driver is used as the front, and the pile driver comprises a first vertical shaft, a second vertical shaft in the middle and a third vertical shaft in the last, wherein the first vertical shaft is connected with the shortest drill rod, and the third vertical shaft is connected with the longest drill rod. Firstly, a blade drill rod 401 is installed on a third vertical shaft, the blade drill rod 401 is stirred and sunk to a soil layer, only a connector part is exposed, the third vertical shaft is detached from the blade drill rod 401, a power head 3 is lifted, a round drill rod 402 is installed between the third vertical shaft and the blade drill rod 401 which is already cut into the soil body, at the moment, the drill rod is lengthened and connected to the vertical shaft, meanwhile, the blade drill rod 401 is installed on the second vertical shaft, and two drill rods are simultaneously stirred and sunk to the soil layer. After the blade drill rod 401 is completely buried, the drill rod is detached from the two vertical shafts, the power head 3 is lifted again, the circular drill rod 404 is continuously installed on the first vertical shaft and the second vertical shaft, the blade drill rod 401 is installed on the first vertical shaft, and the three drill rods are installed.
Thirdly, spraying and stirring for the first time. The drill pipes are integrally submerged and the slurry is stirred, the submerged depth is equal to the length of the blade drill pipe 401, i.e. the length of the shortest drill pipe, i.e. the thickness of the soil layer in which each drill pipe is responsible for stirring, which is equal to the designed stirring depth divided by the number of drill pipes, i.e. one third of the designed stirring depth. Lifting the drill rod, stirring and spraying slurry, sinking the drill rod and stirring when the bottom end of the shortest drill rod just exposes to the ground, wherein the sinking and lifting distances of the drill rod are equal each time.
Fourthly, spraying and stirring the new pile position. And the drill rod is lifted, the shortest drill rod bottom just exposes out of the ground and moves forwards, the moving distance is equal to the center distance of the adjacent drill rods, and the drill rod can move while rotating, so that the movement is smooth, and the new pile position is reached. Repeating the third step, namely performing sinking stirring and spraying, lifting stirring and spraying and sinking stirring operation.
And fifthly, moving backwards and stirring. When the stirring and guniting of the second pile is completed, the longest drill rod is stirred to the designed depth. And (3) the drill rods are translated backwards while being stirred, the translation distance is equal to the center distance (or half of the center distance) of two adjacent drill rods, namely, the previous pile position (or the center position where two pile bodies overlap joint), the drill rods are lifted and stirred until the bottom of the shortest drill rod is just exposed out of the ground. The translation of the drill rod is achieved by translating the entire three-pivot pile frame 2.
And sixthly, advancing and stirring the new pile position. The drill rod is moved forward by a distance equal to 2 times (or 1.5 times) the center distance of the adjacent drill rods to reach the new pile position. Repeating the third step, and performing three-stirring and two-spraying operation on the new pile position.
And seventhly, continuously repeating the fifth step and the sixth step, continuously completing the stirring and spraying of new pile positions, and continuously extending the whole cement-soil stirring wall forwards until completing the stirring operation of the whole cement-soil wall.
The integral design characteristic of the stepped pile machine is that the multi-shaft drill rods are different in length and are arranged in a stepped manner on the vertical shaft from short to long, and meanwhile, the stirring blades and the transverse cutting blades are arranged in a certain range of the rod body. The soil layers with different depths are stirred by different drill rods, the height and the dead weight of the stand are greatly reduced, the stand perpendicularity is kept, more importantly, when the drill rods move in a backwater translation mode, the blade drill rods 401 can stir and transversely cut soil bodies, therefore, the soil bodies or lap joint weak links between just stirred pile bodies can be stirred again, the lap joint overlapping degree between the pile bodies can be effectively increased, the occurrence of a split joint between the pile bodies is reduced, and the continuity and uniformity of a cement soil wall are greatly improved. If the soil body between the two pile bodies is repeatedly stirred by moving back, the cement soil stirring wall with equal thickness and continuity can be formed.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the embodiment has two advantages: as soon as the drill rods of the prior art are almost equal in length, the drill rods cut and stir the soil on the same plane, and the distance of each sinking and lifting is equal to the designed stirring depth, so that the height of the three-pivot pile frame 2 or the guide post 202 is required to be very large, at least equal to the designed stirring depth, especially ultra-deep stirring, and the height can reach 40m. In the design scheme of the invention, the drill rods are different in length and are arranged in steps on the vertical shaft 303 according to an equal-difference sequence, each drill rod is only responsible for cutting and stirring soil layers within a certain depth range, the thickness of the soil layers stirred by each drill rod is the same, the size is equal to a tolerance, namely, the designed stirring depth is divided by the number of the drill rods, the height of each sinking and lifting drill rod is equal to the tolerance, and the height of the guide column 202 can be greatly reduced. Taking a triaxial stirring pile machine as an example, the soil layer thickness stirred by each drill rod is one third of the designed stirring depth, and the maximum height of sinking and lifting the drill rods is also equal to one third of the designed stirring depth (namely, the designed stirring depth divided by the number of drill rods). Therefore, the height and the dead weight of the frame can be greatly reduced, the control of the verticality of the frame is facilitated, the pressure on the foundation is reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
Secondly, the drill rod in the prior art is provided with the vertical downward cutting stirring blade only in a small section of the bottom, and besides the downward cutting stirring blade 403 arranged at the bottom of the drill rod 4, the stirring blade 404 and the transverse cutting blade 405 are arranged in a quite long range of the rod body, so that the uniformity of stirring can be improved, the drill rod can be moved backwards to stir, namely, the stirring is carried out while moving backwards (spraying) to stir, the lap joint between the just completed stirring piles is encrypted, or all soil bodies between the piles are stirred again to form a cement-soil wall with equal thickness, the continuity of the cement-soil wall is greatly improved, and the occurrence of a slit between the piles is reduced.
In the embodiment 2, the vertical shaft and the drill rods are respectively provided with two parallel rows, and the adjacent drill rods in the same row do not collide with each other; the drill rods adjacent to the rows do not collide with each other; other designs are similar to those of example 1.
The stirring blades are distributed at intervals along the rod body, are distributed upwards from the lower cutting stirring blades, and have more than two blades on the cross section.
The transverse cutting blade is provided with a cutting edge along one side of the rotation advancing direction, and the cutting edge is provided with a certain inclination angle and is inclined to the rotation direction.
The transverse cutting blades of each leaf are axially arranged in an integral or sectional mode, the transverse cutting blades which are axially integral are integrally connected with the stirring blades which are distributed at intervals, the transverse cutting blades which are axially arranged in a sectional mode are connected with the stirring blades which are distributed at intervals one by one, and the transverse cutting blades of the adjacent leaves are provided with discontinuities.
The upper end face of the lower cutting stirring blade is provided with a slurry outlet.
It should be noted that the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiment, and should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention as long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by the same means.
Claims (9)
1. The construction method of the cement soil wall of the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile comprises a chassis, three-fulcrum pile frames and a power head, wherein the three-fulcrum pile frames horizontally move forwards and backwards through the chassis, the power head is sleeved on a vertical guide post of the three-fulcrum pile frames and is connected with a plurality of drill rods in a sliding mode, and the power head is connected with the drill rods one by one through a plurality of vertical shafts. A transverse cutting blade is arranged in the blade of the drill rod, and when the drill rod transversely moves, the soil body is transversely cut;
the construction method of the cement soil wall of the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile constructed by the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile machine comprises the following steps: firstly, determining the thickness of a drill rod and the number of vertical shafts and drill rod rows according to the stirring thickness, and determining the length and the number of the drill rods according to the stirring depth and the vertical shafts; the length of the shortest drill rod at the forefront is equal to the tolerance, the whole shortest drill rod is a blade drill rod, the length is equal to the designed stirring depth divided by the number of the drill rods, the longest drill rod at the rearmost is equal to the designed stirring depth, the blade depth length of each drill rod is equal, and the drill rods are designed into a segmented connecting structure;
secondly, placing the stirring pile machine in place; adjusting the verticality of the guide column and the vertical shaft to enable the guide column and the vertical shaft to be in a vertical state; the drill rod is installed in sections as follows: lifting the power head, installing a blade drill rod on the rearmost vertical shaft, stirring and sinking the blade drill rod to a soil layer, exposing only a connector part, then detaching and separating the vertical shaft from the blade drill rod, lifting the power head, continuously installing a round drill rod on the rearmost vertical shaft, simultaneously installing the blade drill rod on the front vertical shaft which is the last but one behind, simultaneously stirring and sinking the two drill rods to the soil layer, detaching and separating the two vertical shafts from the drill rod after the blade drill rod is completely buried, lifting the power head again, continuously installing the round drill rod on the two drill rods, simultaneously installing the blade drill rod on the front vertical shaft which is the last but one behind, and so on until the blade drill rod is installed on the foremost vertical shaft, namely the shortest drill rod is installed;
thirdly, spraying and stirring for the first time; integrally sinking the drill rod, stirring and spraying slurry, wherein the sinking depth is equal to the length of the longest drill rod; lifting the drill rod integrally, stirring and spraying slurry, and sinking the drill rod integrally and stirring when the bottom end of the shortest drill rod just exposes out of the ground, wherein the sinking and lifting distances of the drill rod are equal each time;
fourthly, the pile driver moves forwards; lifting the drill rod, moving the shortest drill rod just after exposing the ground, wherein the moving distance is equal to the center distance of the adjacent drill rods, and repeating the third step after reaching a new pile position;
fifthly, the pile machine moves backwards; when the stirring and the slurry spraying of one pile are completed, the longest drilling rod is stirred to the designed depth, the whole drilling rod is translated backwards to the position of the previous pile or the position between the two piles while rotating, the drilling rod is integrally lifted and stirred until the bottom of the shortest drilling rod just exposes out of the ground, and the up-down stirring times and whether the slurry spraying is performed are determined according to the requirement;
and step six, the next pile driver is moved forward and moved backward until the whole cement-soil wall stirring operation is completed, wherein the pile driver is moved forward by twice or 1.5 times the center distance of the adjacent drill rods from the step, and a new pile position is reached.
2. The construction method of the cement soil wall of the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile machine according to claim 1, wherein the lengths of each drill rod are arranged in an equal-difference array, the lengths of the shortest drill rods are equal to a tolerance, the lengths are equal to the designed mixing depth divided by the number of the drill rods, the longest drill rod is equal to the designed mixing depth, and the blade depth lengths of each drill rod are equal.
3. The construction method of the cement soil wall of the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile machine is characterized in that the power head consists of a power driving head, a vertical shaft limiting head and a vertical shaft, the power driving head and the vertical shaft limiting head are relatively fixed together and are separated by a certain distance, the upper end of the vertical shaft is connected with the power driving head, the lower end of the vertical shaft penetrates through a vertical shaft hole with a bearing on the vertical shaft limiting head, the lower end of the vertical shaft is exposed, a connecting screw thread is connected with a drill rod, and the verticality of the vertical shaft and the drill rod is the same as that of a pile frame guide post.
4. The construction method of the cement soil wall of the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile by the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile machine according to claim 3, wherein the power driving head is internally provided with a motor and a gearbox, and the motor drives the vertical shaft to rotate through the gearbox.
5. The construction method of the cement soil wall of the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile by the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile machine according to claim 1, wherein the drill pipes are composed of an upper-section round drill pipe and a lower-section blade drill pipe, the round drill pipe is an elongated drill pipe, namely, each drill pipe is provided with more than one section of round drill pipe, and the blade drill pipe body is provided with blades.
6. The construction method of the cement soil wall of the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile by the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile machine according to claim 5, wherein the bottom end of the blade drill rod is a lower cutting and mixing blade, and the upper end face of the lower cutting and mixing blade is provided with a slurry outlet; the blade drill rod body is provided with a stirring blade and a transverse cutting blade.
7. The construction method of the cement soil wall of the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile machine according to claim 6, wherein the mixing blades are similar to the lower cutting mixing blades in structure and are arranged at intervals along the shaft, the mixing blades are distributed upwards from the slurry outlet, the transverse cutting blades are fixed on the outer sides of the mixing blades, the front ends of the transverse cutting blades are provided with cutting edges, the width of the whole blade is slightly smaller than the clearance between adjacent drill rods, and the adjacent drill rods do not collide with each other.
8. The construction method of the cement soil wall of the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile machine according to claim 1, wherein the power heads are connected with the drill rods one by one through vertical shafts, and the power heads are respectively a first vertical shaft, a second vertical shaft and a last vertical shaft from front to back, the first vertical shaft is connected with the shortest drill rod, the second vertical shaft is connected with the second short drill rod, and the last vertical shaft is connected with the longest drill rod.
9. The construction method of the cement soil wall of the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile by the stepped multi-shaft mixing pile machine according to claim 1, wherein the length of the shortest drill rod is equal to the designed mixing depth divided by the tolerance of the drill rod number, namely, the arithmetic series, and the whole shortest drill rod is a blade drill rod; the length of the second drill rod is equal to twice the length of the shortest drill rod, the upper half length of the second drill rod is the round drill rod, and the lower half length of the second drill rod is the blade drill rod; similarly, the length of the longest drill rod is equal to the designed stirring depth, the length below the longest drill rod, which corresponds to the tolerance, is the blade drill rod, and the rest is the round drill rod, namely the lengths of the blade drill rods of all the drill rods are equal and equal to the tolerance; the blade drill rod body is provided with a stirring blade and a transverse cutting blade, and the blades and the drill rod do not collide with each other in the rotating process of the drill rod.
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| CN114875910B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2024-02-20 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | Pile hole treatment device of pile foundation based on foundation treatment and use method |
| CN115182345A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-10-14 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Head shield double-shaft synchronous cement mixing pile machine suitable for multiple scenes and construction method |
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