CN108998606B - The blast furnace ferrous burden structure that a kind of pellet and Metallurgical Properties of Sinter are distributed rationally - Google Patents

The blast furnace ferrous burden structure that a kind of pellet and Metallurgical Properties of Sinter are distributed rationally Download PDF

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CN108998606B
CN108998606B CN201810891264.9A CN201810891264A CN108998606B CN 108998606 B CN108998606 B CN 108998606B CN 201810891264 A CN201810891264 A CN 201810891264A CN 108998606 B CN108998606 B CN 108998606B
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pellet
sinter
blast furnace
distributed rationally
furnace
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CN108998606A (en
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范晓慧
甘敏
季志云
陈许玲
吕薇
汪国靖
袁礼顺
姜涛
李光辉
黄柱成
郭宇峰
杨永斌
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Central South University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/008Composition or distribution of the charge

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses the blast furnace ferrous burden structures that a kind of pellet and Metallurgical Properties of Sinter are distributed rationally, and it includes the pellet distributed rationally and/or the sinters distributed rationally;The pellet and sinter distributed rationally make the softening temperature difference of two kinds of furnace charges be reduced to 90 DEG C or less by regulating and controlling calcium and magnesium ferrosilicon composition ratio, the difference of fusion temperature is reduced to 100 DEG C or less, realize that blast furnace ironmaking process two kinds of furnace charge softenings, fusings are more synchronous, reduce the thickness of blast furnace melting with soft, improve the gas permeability of high hearth layer, to realize that pellet enters furnace ratio and is increased to 25~50%, achieve the purpose that improve blast furnace process economic and technical norms.

Description

The blast furnace ferrous burden structure that a kind of pellet and Metallurgical Properties of Sinter are distributed rationally
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of blast furnace ferrous burden structure, in particular to a kind of pellet and optimization by distributing rationally The sinter collocation collaboration of configuration reduces the reflow conductor roll difference of the two, improves pelletizing feed ratio, it is novel to obtain high metallurgical performance Blast furnace ferrous burden structure belongs to Ferrous Metallurgy blast furnace ironmaking furnace charge preparation technical field.
Background technique
Steel production in China process is based on the long process of agglomerates of sintered pellets-blast furnace-converter, and sinter, pellet are as blast furnace Primary raw material, account for 90% or more of iron-containing charge structure.Domestic and international blast furnace ironmaking practice have shown that, by sinter and pellet To the contributive rate of blast furnace ironmaking scientific and technological progress 70% or so, BF Burden Materials Preparation policy and burden structure rationalize pair the fine fodder of composition Blast furnace smelting technology progress and development important meaning.
Sinter, pellet have their own characteristics, but from the perspective of theoretical and blast fumance, single sinter or pelletizing Mine cannot fully meet the needs of modern blast furnace strengthening smelting.The furnace charge mainly arranged in pairs or groups at present using a variety of iron-bearing materials Structure.Since half a century, with the improvement of China's blast furnace ironmaking raw material, huge change is had occurred in the burden structure of China's blast furnace Change.From the fifties based on natural lump ore, with addition of the sinter of a small amount of acidity or low alkalinity, develop to today with high-alkali It spends based on sinter, with addition of acidic pellet ore and a small amount of lump ore, each key enterprise, China is all made of this burden structure at present.
High basicity sinter intensity is high, Well-recovered;And acidic pellet ore shape is uniformly regular, powder is few, grade is high, strong Degree is high, FeO content is low, there is good reproducibility.Consider from technical standpoint, the burden structure that the two is collocated with each other has preferable Complementarity advances the progress of burden structure.Multiple large and medium-sized enterprise's blast furnaces such as Baosteel, Anshan iron and steel plant, Ji steel, Taiyuan Iron and Steel Co. all use this Burden structure, and achieve very big economic benefit.
But high basicity sinter is suitable only for addition of the burden structure of acidic pellet ore with addition of a small amount of pellet, acid pellet Mine usage ratio is generally below 25%.With the reduction of high-grade abundant ore source, the iron ore concentrate yield through beneficiation enrichment recycling by Year increases, and granule iron concentrate is more suitable for being prepared into pellet, this makes many iron and steel enterprises, China, such as Taiyuan Iron and Steel Co., Anshan iron and steel plant, sheet The proportion of pellet can be improved to 25%~50% in the Bf Burdens such as steel.When acidic pellet ore ratio is increased to 25% When above, continue raising pellet ratio and the difficulty of blast furnace operating is increased, main cause is high basicity sinter and acidity There is very big difference in pellet reflow conductor roll, two kinds of furnace charge meltings are asynchronous, so that the soft heat tape thickness formed is wide, lead to smelting Refining process blast furnace bed resistance increases, and coal gas is improved by the difficulty of cohesive zone, and blast furnace process index declines to a great extent.
The sinter currently produced is high basicity sinter, and main component is iron-bearing mineral, CaO, MgO, SiO2, and it is acid Pellet main component is iron-bearing mineral, SiO2.The difference of its ingredient causes the reflow conductor roll difference of two kinds of furnace charges big, high alkalinity Sinter softening and fusion temperature are high, soft heat section is wide, and acidic pellet ore softens, fusion temperature is low, and acidic pellet ore is in smelting Refining process forms liquid phase prior to sinter, and the broadening thickness of cohesive zone, especially pellet ratio are increased to 25% or more, this Phenomenon becomes apparent.
The difference of sinter and pellet in terms of reflow conductor roll is eliminated, most straightforward approach, which is that prepared composition is similar, burns Mine and pellet are tied, but this will lead to the reduction of the performances such as two kinds of furnace charge reproducibilities, mechanical strengths, and pelletizing production technique is current Also be not suitable for production iron-bearing mineral, CaO, MgO, SiO2The higher pellet of four constituent elements.Therefore, the prior art yet there are no very well Solution.
Summary of the invention
For Bf Burden there are the reflow conductor roll differences big, ball of existing high basicity sinter collocation acidic pellet ore Nodulizing matches problem that cannot be too high, and the purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of pellets and Metallurgical Properties of Sinter optimization to match The novel blast-furnace iron-containing charge structure set is configured by the composition of optimization pellet and sinter, keeps the reflow conductor roll of the two poor The opposite sex reduces, to improve the ratio of pellet in furnace charge, achievees the purpose that improve blast furnace process economic and technical norms.
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the present invention provides a kind of blast furnace ferrous burden structure, it includes distribute rationally Pellet and/or the sinter distributed rationally;The pellet distributed rationally is made by regulating and controlling calcium and magnesium ferrosilicon composition ratio For its softening temperature at 1150 DEG C or more, fusion temperature is greater than 1250 DEG C;The sinter distributed rationally passes through regulation calcium and magnesium silicon Iron composition ratio makes the control of its softening temperature within the scope of 1180~1280 DEG C, and fusion temperature is less than 1380 DEG C.
Technical solution of the present invention by regulation pellet and sinter in calcium and magnesium ferrosilicon composition ratio (iron-bearing mineral, CaO、MgO、SiO2Quaternary composition), ensuring that furnace charge preparation difficulty do not increase, and reproducibility, mechanical strength etc. are impregnable In the case of, to reduce difference of two kinds of furnace charges in terms of reflow conductor roll, realize distributing rationally for two kinds of furnace charge metallurgical performances, so that Pellet enters furnace ratio and is increased to 25~50% (preferably 35~50%), improves blast furnace process economic and technical norms to reach Purpose.The present invention can pass through the calcium and magnesium silicon in regulation pellet to reduce pellet and sinter reflowing temperature difference Pellet ore reduction softening temperature is increased to 1150 DEG C or more by iron composition ratio, and fusion temperature is greater than 1250 DEG C, to reduce pelletizing The soft heat temperature difference between mine and sinter;Its softening temperature can also be made to be reduced to by regulating and controlling calcium and magnesium ferrosilicon composition ratio Within the scope of 1180~1280 DEG C, fusion temperature reduces the temperature difference between sinter and pellet less than 1380 DEG C;It can also be simultaneously Regulating and controlling the calcium and magnesium ferrosilicon composition ratio in pellet and sinter, preparation calcium and magnesium ferrosilicon forms reasonable pellet and sinter, Improve the reflowing temperature of pellet, the appropriate reflowing temperature for reducing sinter, to reduce pellet and sinter in soft heat The difference of energy aspect makes the reflowing temperature difference of the two reach minimum, obtains the higher iron-containing charge of pellet ratio.
Preferred scheme, MgO/SiO in the pellet distributed rationally2Mass ratio is 0.3~0.5, CaO/Fe mass Than η=(0.05~0.08) × α, and CaO/SiO2Mass ratio is not higher than 0.5, wherein α is pellet quality and blast furnace ferrous furnace Expect the ratio between gross mass.
Preferred scheme, MgO/SiO in the sinter distributed rationally2Mass ratio ε=(0.35~0.55) × (1- α), and CaO/SiO2Mass ratio is 1.8~2.2, wherein α is the ratio between pellet quality and blast furnace ferrous furnace charge gross mass.
Preferred scheme, the blast furnace ferrous furnace charge include pellet and sinter, further include some conventional lump ores etc. Other furnace charges, the total content ratio of MgO and CaO meets in blast-furnace slag (MgO+CaO)/SiO in blast furnace ferrous furnace charge2Mass ratio It is 1.2~1.4.
Preferred scheme, blast furnace ferrous burden structure include the pellet distributed rationally and the sinter distributed rationally.Together The pellet that Shi Caiyong is distributed rationally can significantly reduce pellet and sinter between the two with the sinter distributed rationally Reflowing temperature difference.
The softening temperature difference of both preferred scheme, the pellet distributed rationally and the sinter distributed rationally is lower than 90 The difference of DEG C (preferably less than 50 DEG C), fusion temperature is lower than 100 DEG C (preferably less than 70 DEG C).More preferably scheme, optimization The softening temperature difference of both the pellet of configuration and the sinter distributed rationally is lower than 50 DEG C, and the difference of fusion temperature is lower than 70 ℃。
Blast furnace ferrous furnace charge softening temperature of the invention and fusion temperature measuring method use standard GB/T/T34211- 2017 " iron ore loading restores soft melting dropping performance measuring method " are measured, and softening temperature is furnace charge temperature-rise period shrinking percentage Reach corresponding temperature when 40%, fusion temperature is that pressure difference skyrockets inflection temperature (corresponding temperature when reaching 500Pa with pressure difference).
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
(1) in the prior art high basicity sinter collocation acidic pellet ore traditional burden structure, the softening temperature of the two It differs by more than 120 DEG C (even greater than 180 DEG C), fusion temperature differs by more than 140 DEG C (even greater than 200 DEG C), and skill of the present invention The softening temperature difference of the novel blast-furnace iron-containing charge structure that art scheme proposes, pellet and sinter is (preferably lower than 90 DEG C Lower than 50 DEG C), the difference of fusion temperature is lower than 100 DEG C (preferably less than 70 DEG C), and otherness substantially reduces, so as to big Amplitude improves pellet in the adding proportion of blast furnace ferrous furnace charge, and solving pellet in the prior art and entering furnace ratio increase causes Blast furnace weakness with the decline of broadening, smelting index the problem of.
(2) technical solution of the present invention by sinter, in pellet four constituent element of calcium and magnesium ferrosilicon optimization, sinter and ball Production process, the properties of product of nodulizing are attained by the state or index of total optimization, in addition to reflow conductor roll difference reduces, especially The reduction swellability index and reduction degree of pellet, the drum strength of sinter are further improved or improve.
(3) pellet can be entered furnace ratio and is no more than 25% from conventional by technology of the invention, it is increased to 25%~ 50%, blast furnace ironmaking is unaffected.
Specific embodiment
Following embodiment is intended to further illustrate the content of present invention, rather than limits the model of the claims in the present invention protection It encloses.
Existing burden structure: using high basicity sinter with addition of the structure of acidic pellet ore, sinter accounting 80%, pelletizing Mine 20%, chemical component are shown in Table 1, CaO/SiO in sinter2For 1.85, MgO/SiO2It is 0.46, contains in pellet without addition The flux of calcium and magnesium, pellet CaO/SiO2For 0.04, MgO/SiO2It is 0.04;(MgO+CaO)/SiO in blast furnace slag2Mass ratio is 1.4.Sinter softening temperature is 1295 DEG C, and pellet is 1140 DEG C, and two kinds differ 155 DEG C;Sinter fusion temperature is 1402 DEG C, pellet is 1245 DEG C, and two kinds differ 157 DEG C.
The ingredient of table 1 high basicity sinter and acidic pellet ore
Furnace charge type Enter furnace ratio TFe CaO MgO SiO2
High basicity sinter 80 57.1 8.9 2.2 4.8
Acidic pellet ore 20 65.3 0.2 0.2 4.7
The metallurgical performance of table 2 high basicity sinter and acidic pellet ore
Embodiment 1
Sinter accounting 65%, pellet accounting 35%.The burden structure that the present invention designs, sinter and pellet Chemical component is shown in Table 3.MgO/SiO in pellet2It is to enter furnace ratio α with pellet that mass ratio, which reaches 0.3, CaO/Fe mass ratio η, Relationship be η=0.05 × 0.35, CaO/SiO2Mass ratio 0.2;Sinter MgO/SiO2Mass ratio ε and pellet enter furnace ratio α Relationship ε=0.55 × (1-0.35), CaO/SiO2Mass ratio is 2.0;(MgO+CaO)/SiO in blast furnace slag2Mass ratio is 1.38.
Using the novel iron-containing burden structure, the reflow conductor roll of two kinds of furnace charges is shown in Table 4.Pellet ore reduction softening temperature improves To 1187 DEG C, fusion temperature is increased to 1266 DEG C;It is 1275 DEG C that sinter, which restores softening temperature, and fusion temperature is 1361 DEG C.Ball The softening temperature difference of nodulizing and sinter is contracted to 88 DEG C, and fusion temperature difference is contracted to 95 DEG C.
The ingredient (pellet ratio 35%) of 3 sinter of table and pellet
Furnace charge type Enter furnace ratio TFe CaO MgO SiO2
Sinter 65 56.9 10.0 1.8 5.0
Pellet 35 64.5 1.1 1.4 4.7
The metallurgical performance (pellet ratio 35%) of 4 sinter of table and pellet
Furnace charge type Softening temperature/DEG C Fusion temperature/DEG C
Sinter 1275 1361
Pellet 1187 1266
Embodiment 2
Sinter accounting 50%, pellet accounting 50%.The burden structure that the present invention designs, sinter and pellet Chemical component is shown in Table 5.MgO/SiO in pellet2It is to enter furnace ratio α with pellet that mass ratio, which reaches 0.5, CaO/Fe mass ratio η, Relationship be η=0.08 × 0.5, CaO/SiO2Mass ratio 0.5;Sinter MgO/SiO2Mass ratio ε and pellet enter furnace ratio α Relationship ε=0.35 × (1-0.5), CaO/SiO2Mass ratio is 2.2;(MgO+CaO)/SiO in blast furnace slag2Mass ratio is 1.34.
Using the novel iron-containing burden structure, the reflow conductor roll of two kinds of furnace charges is shown in Table 6.Pellet ore reduction softening temperature improves To 1204 DEG C, fusion temperature is increased to 1289 DEG C;It is 1254 DEG C that sinter, which restores softening temperature, and fusion temperature is 1352 DEG C.Ball The softening temperature difference of nodulizing and sinter is contracted to 50 DEG C, and fusion temperature difference is contracted to 63 DEG C.
The ingredient (pellet ratio 50%) of 5 sinter of table and pellet
Furnace charge type Enter furnace ratio TFe CaO MgO SiO2
Sinter 50 56.7 11.5 0.9 5.2
Pellet 50 62.8 2.5 2.4 5.0
The metallurgical performance (pellet ratio 50%) of 6 sinter of table and pellet
Furnace charge type Softening temperature/DEG C Fusion temperature/DEG C
Sinter 1254 1352
Pellet 1204 1289

Claims (4)

1. a kind of blast furnace ferrous burden structure, it is characterised in that: include the pellet distributed rationally and the sinter distributed rationally; The pellet distributed rationally makes its softening temperature at 1150 DEG C or more by regulating and controlling calcium and magnesium ferrosilicon composition ratio, fusion temperature Greater than 1250 DEG C;The sinter distributed rationally makes the control of its softening temperature 1180 by regulating and controlling calcium and magnesium ferrosilicon composition ratio Within the scope of~1280 DEG C, fusion temperature is less than 1380 DEG C;
MgO/SiO in the pellet distributed rationally2Mass ratio is 0.3~0.5, CaO/Fe mass ratio η=(0.05~0.08) × α, and CaO/SiO2Mass ratio is not higher than 0.5, wherein α is the ratio between pellet quality and blast furnace ferrous furnace charge gross mass;
MgO/SiO in the sinter distributed rationally2Mass ratio ε=(0.35~0.55) × (1- α), and CaO/SiO2Quality Than being 1.8~2.2, wherein α is the ratio between pellet quality and blast furnace ferrous furnace charge gross mass.
2. a kind of blast furnace ferrous burden structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the blast furnace ferrous furnace charge The total content of MgO and CaO meets in blast-furnace slag (MgO+CaO)/SiO2Mass ratio is 1.2~1.4.
3. a kind of blast furnace ferrous burden structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pellet distributed rationally and excellent The softening temperature difference for changing both sinters of configuration is lower than 90 DEG C, and the difference of fusion temperature is lower than 100 DEG C.
4. a kind of blast furnace ferrous burden structure according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the pellet distributed rationally and excellent The softening temperature difference for changing both sinters of configuration is lower than 50 DEG C, and the difference of fusion temperature is lower than 70 DEG C.
CN201810891264.9A 2018-08-07 2018-08-07 The blast furnace ferrous burden structure that a kind of pellet and Metallurgical Properties of Sinter are distributed rationally Active CN108998606B (en)

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CN109680110B (en) * 2019-01-29 2020-02-07 北京科技大学 Method for optimizing distribution ratio of MgO in blast furnace iron-containing burden sinter and pellet ore
CN110982971B (en) * 2019-11-13 2021-10-22 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 MgO optimal distribution method for blast furnace iron-containing furnace burden
CN111455120B (en) * 2020-04-07 2022-02-08 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 Blast furnace smelting method based on high theoretical combustion temperature and low fuel ratio
CN112481431A (en) * 2020-07-21 2021-03-12 华北理工大学 Novel blast furnace comprehensive furnace burden structure based on MgO distribution

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