CN108996731B - Water-saving multistage RO filtration system - Google Patents

Water-saving multistage RO filtration system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108996731B
CN108996731B CN201811070378.3A CN201811070378A CN108996731B CN 108996731 B CN108996731 B CN 108996731B CN 201811070378 A CN201811070378 A CN 201811070378A CN 108996731 B CN108996731 B CN 108996731B
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water
filter device
stage
electromagnetic valve
concentrated
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CN108996731A (en
Inventor
曾跃武
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Guangzhou Longze Environmental Protection Equipment Industrial Co ltd
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Guangzhou Longze Environmental Protection Equipment Industrial Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • B01D61/026—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration comprising multiple reverse osmosis steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/08—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/12—Controlling or regulating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-saving multi-stage RO (reverse osmosis) filtering system, which comprises: a pretreatment water tank that receives raw water and pretreats the raw water to generate treated water; a first RO filter unit for receiving and filtering the treated water, raw pure water and first concentrated water; the first-stage RO filter device is provided with a first water quality detector for detecting first-stage concentrated water; a second RO filter device for receiving and filtering the first concentrated water to generate pure water and second concentrated water; a first electromagnetic valve is arranged at a water inlet of the second-stage RO filter device for receiving the first-stage concentrated water; a return line provided with a second electromagnetic valve; one end of the return pipeline is communicated with a water outlet of the primary concentrated water of the primary RO filter device, and the other end of the return pipeline is communicated with the pretreatment water tank; and the controller is respectively connected with the first water quality detector, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve. The filtering system reduces the waste of water resources and improves the utilization efficiency of water. And the use efficiency of the RO membrane is greatly improved, and the use and maintenance cost is reduced for consumers.

Description

Water-saving multistage RO filtration system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water-saving reverse osmosis filtration, and particularly relates to a water-saving multistage RO (reverse osmosis) filtration system.
Background
Along with the increasing serious pollution of water quality and the improvement of living standard, people pay more attention to health and have higher requirements on drinking water. Thus, various water purification products gradually enter home, office, factory and other places, the existing water purification products mainly comprise a reverse osmosis type water purification product and an absorption type water purification product, and more water purification products of the reverse osmosis type are currently used.
In the reverse osmosis type water purification product, pure water and concentrated water can be generated after raw water is treated by a reverse osmosis water purification system, the ratio of the pure water to the concentrated water in the existing reverse osmosis water purification machine treatment system is about 1:1, and the utilization rate is about 50%. When the RO membrane decays to the late stage, the ratio of purified water to concentrated water is as high as 1:6.
The working characteristics and defects of the existing water-saving RO filtration system are as follows:
(1) holding and limiting flow: the device realizes effective management of the discharge of the concentrated water by controlling the timing opening or closing of the electromagnetic valve, thereby achieving the aim of saving water. However, the defects are that the working load of the RO membrane and the pump is large, the service life of the RO membrane is greatly shortened, the cost is increased, and stable batch products cannot be formed in the market for popularization.
(2) Changing the concentration water ratio: generally, there is purified water: concentrated water=1:1 or 2:1, and the aim of saving water is achieved mainly by changing the pressure before the membrane and improving the recovery rate of the membrane. However, the method has the defects that the desalination rate of the RO membrane is reduced rapidly, the load of a booster pump is increased, and the service life of the RO membrane is shortened.
(3) And (3) refluxing concentrated water: and (3) carrying out secondary RO membrane filtration on the concentrated water by adding a treatment step of carrying out secondary filtration on the concentrated water. Although the utilization rate of raw water can be improved, the utilization rate is still low.
In contrast, concentrate return is the preferred option for the current stage of water-saving RO filtration systems. However, the water quality treatment method of the concentrated water reflux is single, proper water production process management is not adopted in combination with the raw water quality, and the burden on the lower RO membrane is easy to be large. The rigid water-making principle of the device is easy to cause the increase of maintenance cost. Therefore, how to effectively utilize the concentrated water, reduce the discharge of the concentrated water, and increase the water production efficiency of the filtration system is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low utilization of concentrated water and large load of RO membrane equipment caused by simple water production process of the conventional RO membrane filtration system, and provides a water-saving multi-stage RO filtration system which effectively reduces the waste of water resources and improves the utilization rate of water. And the use efficiency of the RO membrane is greatly improved.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a water-saving multi-stage RO (reverse osmosis) filtering system, which comprises:
a pretreatment water tank that receives raw water and pretreats the raw water to generate treated water;
a first RO filter unit for receiving and filtering the treated water, raw pure water and first concentrated water; the first-stage RO filter device is provided with a first water quality detector for detecting first-stage concentrated water;
a second RO filter device for receiving and filtering the first concentrated water to generate pure water and second concentrated water; a first electromagnetic valve is arranged at a water inlet of the second-stage RO filter device for receiving the first-stage concentrated water;
a return line provided with a second electromagnetic valve; one end of the return pipeline is communicated with a water outlet of the primary concentrated water of the primary RO filter device, and the other end of the return pipeline is communicated with the pretreatment water tank;
the controller is respectively connected with the first water quality detector, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve;
when the first water quality detector detects that the water quality of the first-stage concentrated water is not higher than the standard wastewater value, the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve to be opened, the second electromagnetic valve to be closed, and the first-stage concentrated water of the first-stage RO filter device is conveyed to the second-stage RO filter device; when the first water quality detector detects that the water quality of the first-stage concentrated water is higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve to be closed, the second electromagnetic valve to be opened, and the first-stage concentrated water is conveyed to the pretreatment water tank from the return pipeline.
Further, the multi-stage RO membrane filtration system further comprises:
and the water storage tank is used for receiving the secondary concentrated water of the secondary RO filter device.
Through the design, because the quality of the secondary concentrated water is poor, if the secondary concentrated water flows back to the pretreatment water tank or the RO filter device for repeated treatment, the burden of the equipment can be increased, and the maintenance cost can be increased. The secondary concentrated water is collected through the water storage tank, the purpose of saving water resources is achieved, the collected concentrated water can be used as tap water for daily use, the discharge of waste water is avoided, and meanwhile, the structure is simple and practical. Further, the water storage tank is communicated with the pretreatment water tank and receives treated water through a pipeline, and a fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline;
a water inlet of the primary RO filter device for receiving the treated water is provided with a third electromagnetic valve;
a second water quality detector is arranged at the water outlet of the treated water of the pretreatment water tank;
wherein the second water quality detector, the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the controller;
when the second water quality detector detects that the water quality of the treated water is not higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve to be opened, the fourth electromagnetic valve to be closed, and the treated water is conveyed to the primary RO filter device; when the second water quality detector detects that the water quality of the treated water is higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve to be closed, the fourth electromagnetic valve to be opened, and the treated water is conveyed to the water storage tank.
Through this design, the pretreatment water tank is RO filter equipment's first heavy protection, and it improves the purity degree of raw water, for first class RO filter equipment and second grade RO filter equipment's filtration treatment lightens burden, has effectively improved RO membrane's life. Since the quality of raw water is difficult to be ensured, the second water quality detector is provided as a second protection of the RO filtration column apparatus for detecting the quality of treated water discharged from the pretreatment tank. When the quality of raw water is poor and the standard value is difficult to reach after pretreatment, the raw water is detected by a second water quality detector, and the controller controls the corresponding pretreated water to be conveyed into the water storage tank for recycling. The filtering process of the primary RO filter device and the secondary RO filter device is reduced, and the burden is reduced. And the cooperation of the pretreatment water tank and the second water quality detector can intelligently regulate and control the water quality of water entering the RO filter device, so that the service life of the RO filter device is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of a user is reduced. Further, the standard value of the wastewater is 200PPM.
Further, the multi-stage RO filtration system further comprises a three-stage RO filtration device communicated with the water storage tank, and the three-stage RO filtration device filters the collected water of the water storage tank to generate pure water and three-stage concentrated water. Through this design, increase the tertiary RO filter equipment that should the super dense water, further filter super dense water, improve the utilization ratio of water resource. The discharged waste water can still be used for daily use.
Further, the multi-stage RO membrane filtration system further comprises:
a raw water pipe line for supplying raw water;
a waste water pipeline for collecting the third-stage concentrated water;
a pure water line comprising a plurality of branch lines; the branch pipelines are respectively communicated with pure water outlets of the primary RO filter device, the secondary RO filter device and the tertiary RO filter device;
wherein, each branch pipeline is provided with a fifth electromagnetic valve and a third water quality detector in turn according to the water outlet direction; the fifth electromagnetic valve and the third water quality detector are respectively connected with the controller;
when the third water quality detector detects that the water quality of the pure water of each level of RO filter device exceeds the pure water standard value, the controller controls the fifth electromagnetic valve and the corresponding RO filter device to be closed and triggers an alarm.
Further, the multi-stage RO membrane filtration system further comprises an anti-clogging detection device comprising:
a flow meter provided on the branch pipe; the flowmeter is connected with the controller and detects the water yield of pure water of one RO filter device;
a flushing pipeline provided with a medicine water tank; one end of the flushing pipeline is communicated with the water inlet of one RO filter device, and the other end of the flushing pipeline is communicated with the water outlet of the concentrated water of the corresponding RO filter device;
wherein the flushing pipeline is in a normally closed state; when the water yield of the pure water of the RO filter device detected by the flowmeter is smaller than the standard value, the controller controls the fifth electromagnetic valve to be closed and controls the flushing pipeline to be opened, and the flushing pipeline is communicated with the corresponding RO filter device.
Through this design, increase and prevent blockking up detection device, can accurate monitoring purifier etc. built-in reverse osmosis RO membrane and RO membrane filter's specific problem, including reverse osmosis RO membrane damage, reverse osmosis RO membrane blocks up or RO membrane filter blocks up the monitoring, provides the user and carries out corresponding processing, and convenience of customers's use, the system is more humanized.
The anti-blocking detection device is internally provided with a flushing pipeline of the RO membrane, the flushing pipeline is provided with a medicine water tank, when the blocking phenomenon is monitored, the flushing pipeline forms circulating flushing reflux, flushing liquid medicine is formed by mixing water and the medicine water tank, the RO membrane is continuously flushed chemically, and the RO membrane is protected and the recycling of the RO membrane can be improved; meanwhile, a blocking user does not need to disassemble and wash by himself.
Further, the three-stage RO filter device adopts a sea water desalination RO filter device.
Further, a flocculating agent layer, a quartz sand layer and an activated carbon layer are arranged in the pretreatment water tank.
A water purifier comprises the water-saving multi-stage RO filtering system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by selectively carrying out reflux treatment on the concentrated water after the primary filtration. The first water quality detector is used for detecting the quality of the concentrated water discharged by the primary RO filtering device, and the concentrated water is judged by the system and is subjected to the concentrated water reflux treatment or enters the secondary filtering. When the quality of the concentrated water is poor, the concentrated water is returned to the pretreatment water tank for pretreatment again, so that the impurity treatment quantity of each level of RO filter devices is reduced; the secondary RO filter device is protected, and the service life of the filter material of each level RO filter device is prolonged in a same way. Meanwhile, the waste of water resources is reduced, and the utilization efficiency of water is improved. And the use efficiency of the RO membrane is greatly improved, and the use and maintenance cost is reduced for consumers.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a water production system diagram of a water-saving multi-stage RO filtration system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water production system connected to an electrical system of a water-saving multi-stage RO filtration system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of pure water piping of a water-saving multistage RO filtration system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of a primary RO filter unit of a water-saving type multi-stage RO filter system and its associated anti-blocking detection device according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1-pretreatment water tank, 2-primary RO filter device, 3-secondary RO filter device, 4-tertiary RO filter device and 5-water storage tank;
11-raw water pipeline, 12-pure water pipeline, 13-waste water pipeline, 14-return pipeline, 15-first pipeline, 16-second pipeline, 17-third pipeline, 18-fourth pipeline, 19-fifth pipeline and 10-flushing pipeline;
21-a first electromagnetic valve, 22-a second electromagnetic valve, 23-a third electromagnetic valve, 24-a fourth electromagnetic valve, 25-a fifth electromagnetic valve, 26-a sixth electromagnetic valve and 27-a seventh electromagnetic valve;
31-a first water quality detector, 32-a second water quality detector and 33-a third water quality detector;
41-flowmeter, 42-pressure valve, 43-medicine water tank.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a water-saving type multistage RO filtration system according to the present invention comprises:
system pipeline: raw water pipeline 11, pure water pipeline 12, waste water pipeline 13, return line 14 and a plurality of linking pipelines. The joined pipes include a first pipe 15, a second pipe 16, a third pipe 17, a fourth pipe 18, and a fifth pipe 19.
Functional device: a pretreatment water tank 1, a primary RO filter 2, a secondary RO filter 3, a tertiary RO filter 4 and a water storage tank 5.
An electrical component: the system comprises a controller, a plurality of electromagnetic valves and a water quality detector. The water quality detector adopts a TDS water quality sensor.
The system pipeline is used for communicating all the functional devices to jointly form a water preparation system of the multi-stage RO filtration system. The electromagnetic valves and the water quality detectors are arranged on the water production system, and the controller is respectively connected with the electromagnetic valves and the water quality detectors to intelligently control and manage the water production system.
Wherein, each level of RO filter device comprises a pressure pump and an RO membrane filter; the inlet of the pressure pump is the water inlet of each stage of RO filter device. And the RO membrane filter is connected with an outlet of the pressure pump. The pure water outlet of the RO membrane filter is a pure water port of each stage of RO filter device. The concentrated water outlet of the RO membrane filter is a concentrated water port of each stage of RO filter device.
As shown in fig. 1, the connection composition of the water making system is as follows:
the pretreatment water tank 1 is provided with a raw water inlet, a circulating concentrated water inlet and a water outlet. The raw water inlet of the pretreatment water tank 1 is communicated with a raw water pipeline 11, and the pretreatment water tank 1 pretreats raw water to generate treated water.
The primary RO filter unit 2 has a first water inlet, a first pure water inlet and a first concentrate water inlet. The first water inlet is communicated with the water outlet of the pretreatment water tank 1 through a first pipeline 15, and the treated water is subjected to primary filtration. The second pure water port is communicated with the pure water pipeline 12, and pure water is discharged for users.
The secondary RO filter unit 3 has a second water inlet, a second pure water inlet and a second concentrated water inlet. The second water inlet is communicated with the first water concentration port of the primary RO filter device 2 through a second pipeline 16, and secondary filtration is carried out on the primary concentrated water discharged by the primary RO filter device 2. The second pure water port is communicated with the pure water pipeline 12, and pure water is discharged for users. The second concentrated water port is communicated with the water storage tank 5 through a third pipeline 17, and secondary filtered secondary concentrated water is discharged into the water storage tank 5 for storage.
The three-stage RO filter unit 4 has a third water inlet, a third pure water inlet and a third concentrated water inlet. The third water inlet is communicated with the water storage tank 5 through a fifth pipeline 19, and the three-stage RO filtering device 4 performs three-stage filtering on the collected water collected by the water storage tank 5. The third pure water port is communicated with the pure water pipeline 12, and pure water is discharged for users. The third concentrated water port is communicated with the waste discharge pipeline, and three-stage concentrated water filtered for three times is discharged to the outside.
In this embodiment, the three-stage RO filter device 4 is preferably mainly used for treating three-stage concentrated water with high concentration in each filtering process. The reverse osmosis sea water desalting equipment is mainly used for selecting, and mainly adopts a high-pressure pump and a sea water desalting RO membrane. Ensure that the three-stage RO filter device 4 is used for treating the three-stage concentrated water with high concentration, further filtering the concentrated water into fresh water, optimizing a water production system and ensuring the water resource utilization rate.
As shown in fig. 2, the water production system is cooperatively combined with an electrical system to intelligently control and manage the water production system. The concrete connection composition is as follows:
1. and (3) carrying out reflux treatment on concentrated water:
the system comprises the following components: including a water making system and a return line 14. The first water concentration port of the primary RO filter 2 is provided with a first water quality detector 31. A first solenoid valve 21 is provided at the second water inlet of the secondary RO filter device 3. There is also provided a return line 14, one end of which is connected to the second line 16 via a three-way member (the three-way member is provided between the first water quality detector 31 and the first solenoid valve 21), and the other end of the return line 14 is connected to the circulating concentrate inlet of the pretreatment tank 1. The primary concentrated water of the primary RO filter device 2 can flow back to the pretreatment water tank 1 for pretreatment again. The return line 14 is provided with a second solenoid valve 22.
Working principle: the first water quality detector 31 is for detecting the quality of the primary concentrate discharged from the primary RO filtration apparatus 2. The first water quality detector 31 sends the water quality value to the controller in real time, and the controller receives the water quality value and compares the water quality value with the originally set wastewater standard value. When the quality of the primary concentrated water is not higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve 21 to be opened and the second electromagnetic valve 22 to be closed; the primary concentrated water discharged from the primary RO filter 2 enters the secondary RO filter 3 for secondary filtration. When the quality of the primary concentrated water is higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve 21 to be closed and the second electromagnetic valve 22 to be opened, and the primary concentrated water exceeding the standard flows into the pretreatment water tank 1 from the return pipe to be pretreated again, and then is recycled into the water production system.
With this arrangement, the first-stage concentrated water after the first-stage filtration is selectively subjected to the reflux treatment. The water quality of the first-stage concentrated water discharged by the first-stage RO filter device is detected by a first water quality detector, and the first-stage concentrated water is judged by a system and is subjected to reflux treatment or enters the second-stage filtration. In the mode, when the quality of the first-stage concentrated water is poor, the concentrated water is returned to the pretreatment water tank for pretreatment again, so that the impurity treatment quantity of each stage of RO filter devices is reduced; the secondary RO filter device is protected, and the service life of the filter material of each level RO filter device is prolonged in a same way. Meanwhile, the waste of water resources is reduced, and the utilization efficiency of water is improved. And the use efficiency of the RO membrane is greatly improved, and the use and maintenance cost is reduced for consumers.
2. And (3) concentrating and treating the ultra-concentrated water:
the system comprises the following components: comprises a water making system, a water storage tank 5 and a three-stage RO filtering device 4. And the first water inlet is provided with a third solenoid valve 23. The water outlet of the pretreatment water tank 1 is provided with a second water quality detector 32. The water storage tank 5 is provided with a fourth pipeline 18 communicated with the first pipeline 15, and the treated water of the pretreatment water tank 1 can flow into the water storage tank 5. A fourth solenoid valve 24 is provided in the fourth line 18.
The quality of the treated water detected by the second water quality detector 32; if the quality of the treated water is not higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve 23 to be opened and the fourth electromagnetic valve 24 to be closed; if the quality of the treated water is higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve 23 to be closed and the fourth electromagnetic valve 24 to be opened.
Working principle: the second water quality detector 32 is for detecting the quality of the treated water discharged from the pretreatment tank 1. The second water quality detector 32 sends the water quality value to the controller in real time, and the controller receives the water quality value and compares it with the original set wastewater standard value. When the quality of the treated water is not higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve 23 to be opened and the fourth electromagnetic valve 24 to be closed; the treated water discharged from the pretreatment water tank 1 enters the primary RO filter device 2 for primary filtration. When the quality of the treated water is higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve 23 to be closed and the fourth electromagnetic valve 24 to be opened, and the exceeding treated water flows into the water storage tank 5 from the fourth pipeline 18. The super-concentrated water in the subsequent water storage tank 5 is filtered by the three-stage RO filter device 4.
By the arrangement, the ultra-concentrated water (namely the treated water exceeding the standard value of the wastewater and the second-stage concentrated water) generated in each stage of filtering process is collected into the water storage tank, and then reverse osmosis filtering treatment is carried out by the three-stage RO filtering device. The water quality of the treated water discharged from the pretreatment water tank is detected by a second water quality detector, and is judged by a system and enters the first-stage filtration or the water storage tank. When the raw water quality is poor, the pretreated water quality is difficult to reach the standard. Thereby guiding the treated water into the water storage tank. The impurity treatment quantity of each level of RO filter device is reduced; the filtering material of each level RO filtering device has longer service life. Meanwhile, the waste of water resources is reduced, and the utilization efficiency of water is improved. And the use efficiency of the RO membrane is greatly improved, and the use and maintenance cost is reduced for consumers.
Meanwhile, the secondary concentrated water of the secondary RO filter device is not filtered again by the pretreatment water tank, the primary RO filter device and the secondary RO filter device due to the poor water quality of the concentrated water. The water storage tank is used for collecting daily water for users, and can replace toilet water, clean water and the like, so that the utilization rate of water resources is improved.
Meanwhile, the collected super-concentrated water of the water storage tank is treated again by arranging a three-stage RO filtering device. Meanwhile, the waste of water resources is reduced, and the utilization efficiency of water is improved.
A water purifier comprises the water-saving multi-stage RO filtering system. The water purifier performs a water making process through the multi-stage RO filtration system, and provides pure water for users.
The working principle of the water-saving multistage RO filtration system provided by the invention is as follows:
the first water quality detector is used for detecting the water quality of the first-stage concentrated water discharged by the first-stage RO filter device. The first water quality detector sends the water quality value to the controller in real time, and the controller receives the water quality value and compares the water quality value with the originally set wastewater standard value. When the quality of the primary concentrated water is not higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve to be opened and the second electromagnetic valve to be closed; and the first-stage concentrated water discharged by the first-stage RO filter device enters the second-stage RO filter device for secondary filtration. When the water quality of the primary concentrated water is higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve to be closed, the second electromagnetic valve to be opened, and the primary concentrated water exceeding the standard flows into the pretreatment water tank from the return pipe to be pretreated again, and then is recycled into the water production system.
Example 2
A water-saving type multistage RO filtration system according to embodiment 2, which is similar to the structure of embodiment 1, is explained in the structure of a pretreatment tank 1, a primary RO filtration device 2, a secondary RO filtration device 3, and a tertiary RO filtration device 4.
Specifically, a flocculating agent layer, a quartz sand layer and an activated carbon layer are arranged in the pretreatment water tank 1; the flocculant layer, the quartz sand layer and the activated carbon layer are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom. The structure and pretreatment process of the pretreatment tank 1 are not limited to this embodiment 2. The pretreatment water tank 1 mainly treats large-particle impurities, residual chlorine and fine particles contained in raw water, ensures the quality of inflow water of a reverse osmosis system, and pretreats the raw water to generate treated water, which is within the protection scope of the invention. This is only the preferred solution of embodiment 2, which has a simple structure, good pretreatment effect, and reduced user cost.
The first-stage RO filter unit 2, the second-stage RO filter unit 3 and the third-stage RO filter unit 4 have the same structure. Which includes a pressure pump and an RO membrane filter. The outlet of the pressure pump is the water inlet of each stage of RO filter device, and the outlet of the pressure pump is connected with the RO membrane filter. The RO membrane filter is internally provided with a reverse osmosis RO membrane, and is provided with a pure water port (an N pure water port of each stage of RO filter device) and a concentrated water port (an N pure water port of each stage of RO filter device).
In this embodiment, the three-stage RO filter device 4 is preferably mainly used for treating high-concentration concentrated three-stage water in each filtering process. The reverse osmosis sea water desalting device is mainly a sea water desalting device consisting of a high-pressure pump and a sea water desalting RO membrane.
The configurations of the pretreatment tank, the primary RO filtration apparatus, the secondary RO filtration apparatus, and the tertiary RO filtration apparatus described in this embodiment 2 are also applicable to embodiments 1, 3, 4, and 5.
Example 3
A water-saving multistage RO filtration system according to embodiment 3 is similar to that of embodiment 1 in that: the pure water pipeline 12 comprises a plurality of branch pipelines; the branch pipes are respectively communicated with the primary RO filter 2, the secondary RO filter 3 and the tertiary RO filter 4.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, each branch line of the pure water line 12 is provided with a fifth solenoid valve 25 and a third water quality detector 33 in order in the water outlet direction thereof. The fifth electromagnetic valve 25 and the third water quality detector 33 are respectively connected with a controller. Wherein the third water quality detector 33 is used for detecting the water quality of the pure water; when the quality of pure water exceeds the standard value of pure water, the controller controls the fifth solenoid valve 25 and the corresponding RO filtration apparatus to be closed and triggers an alarm. And notifying a worker to replace and maintain.
By the design, the water quality of the pure water is monitored, and the water quality of the multi-stage RO filtration system is guaranteed. Meanwhile, when the quality of pure water is abnormal, the RO reverse osmosis membrane representing the corresponding RO filter device is abnormal, and an alarm is sent out when the pure water branch pipeline is closed, so that personnel are informed to check and maintain. The intelligent monitoring of the system is realized, and the normal operation of the water making process is ensured.
Example 4
A water-saving multistage RO filtration system according to embodiment 4 is similar to that of embodiment 3 in that: based on the embodiment 3, the multi-stage RO filtration system is also provided with a liquid medicine cleaning system.
The liquid medicine cleaning system is matched with each level of RO passing device and is provided with a plurality of anti-blocking detection devices.
As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is specifically explained taking an anti-clogging detecting device associated with the primary RO filter device 2 as an example (the anti-clogging detecting device associated with the secondary RO filter device and the tertiary RO filter device is the same as the primary RO filter device).
Specifically, the anti-clogging detecting device of the primary RO filter device 2 described in this embodiment 4 includes a branch line of the pure water line 12, a flushing line 10, a first line 15, and a second line 16. One end of the flushing pipe 10 is connected with the first pipe 15, and the end is a reflux end; the other end of the flushing pipe 10 is connected to a second pipe 16, which is the water inlet end.
Specifically, the water inlet end of the flushing pipe 10 is connected between the first water inlet and the third solenoid valve 23. The return end of the flushing pipe 10 is connected between the first water quality detector 31 and the first electromagnetic valve 21, and the connection of the water inlet end and the return pipe 14 are arranged in a non-interfering manner.
The branch pipe is provided with a flow meter 41, a third water quality detector 33 and a fifth electromagnetic valve 25 in this order along the water outlet direction of pure water on the pipe. The flowmeter 41 is used for counting the flow rate of pure water in real time. The third water quality detector 33 detects the water quality of the pure water discharged from the primary RO filtration apparatus 2. The fifth electromagnetic valve 25 is used for closing the pure water outlet of the branch pipeline, and by closing the pure water outlet, the pressure difference cannot be formed inside the primary RO filtering device 2, so that the filtering of the pure water is closed.
The second pipe 16 is also provided with a pressure valve 42 on its pipe line. The pressure valve 42 is interposed between the first water quality detector 31 and the first solenoid valve 21. The pressure valve 42 is used for detecting the pressure condition of the discharged concentrate of the first pipe 15; the water inlet end of the flushing pipe 10 is connected with the pipe body between the pressure valve 42 and the first electromagnetic valve 21.
The flushing pipeline 10 is provided with a sixth electromagnetic valve 26, a liquid medicine tank 43 and a seventh electromagnetic valve 27 in sequence from a water inlet end to a reflux end. The sixth solenoid valve 26 and the seventh solenoid valve 27 are used for opening and closing the flushing return flow of the flushing pipe 10. In the normal state, the sixth solenoid valve 26 and the seventh solenoid valve 27 are in the closed state. The liquid medicine tank 43 is used for mixing with the concentrated water discharged from the second pipeline 16 to form a flushing liquid medicine, so as to chemically flush the reverse osmosis RO membrane of the primary RO filter device 2, and save water resources. The flushing liquid is circulated and pumped into the RO membrane filter by a pressure pump of the primary RO filter device 2 for flushing.
The inflow of the treated water to the first pipe 15 and the inflow of the liquid medicine to the flushing pipe 10 can be switched by the cooperative opening and closing of the third solenoid valve 23 and the seventh solenoid valve 27. And the intelligent monitoring of the anti-blocking detection device and the intelligent opening and closing of each channel are realized through the controller.
When the anti-blocking detection device of the embodiment detects that the primary RO filter device 2 has a blocking problem, the first electromagnetic valve 21, the third electromagnetic valve 23 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 25 are closed at the same time, and the anti-blocking detection device closes all pipelines communicated with the primary RO filter device 2 and the outside. At the same time, the sixth solenoid valve 26 and the seventh solenoid valve 27 are simultaneously opened to allow the flushing line 10, the first line 15, the second line 16 and the primary RO filter device 2 to communicate. The flushing reflux to the primary RO filter unit 2 is constituted. Under the action of the self-pressure pump of the primary filtering device, the residual concentrated water in the primary RO filtering device 2 forms circulating flushing reflux according to the flowing direction from the reflux end of the flushing pipeline 10, the RO membrane filter, the second pipeline 16, the water inlet end of the flushing channel and the medicine water tank 43 in sequence, and when the concentrated water enters the medicine water tank 43, the concentrated water is blended with the liquid medicine to form flushing liquid medicine to chemically flush the reverse osmosis RO membrane.
The invention relates to an anti-blocking detection device of a reverse osmosis RO membrane, which has the following working principle:
the flowmeter, the third mass detector and the pressure valve of the branch pipeline jointly form a detection group to form the following detection results:
1. the water quality detected by the water quality detector has no problem, the pure water yield counted by the flowmeter is reduced, and the detection value of the pressure valve is higher; the monitoring result is that the reverse osmosis RO membrane of the first-stage RO filter device is blocked; the anti-blocking detection device opens the flushing pipeline 10 and is switched into a flushing state to carry out chemical flushing on the reverse osmosis RO membrane.
2. The water quality detected by the water quality detector has no problem, the pure water yield counted by the flowmeter has little change, and the detection value of the pressure valve is lower; the monitoring result is that the reverse osmosis RO membrane is abnormal, the inside of the RO membrane filter is blocked, and the RO membrane filter needs to be disassembled for cleaning.
3. The water quality detected by the water quality detector has a problem, the pure water yield counted by the flowmeter has no or larger change, and the detection value of the pressure valve has no or smaller value; the monitoring result is reverse osmosis RO membrane damage or RO membrane filter internal structure damage, need dismantle and look over and change.
The reverse osmosis RO membrane and the monitoring group of the RO membrane filter are formed by combining the flowmeter, the third water quality detector and the pressure valve, so that specific problems of the built-in reverse osmosis RO membrane and the RO membrane filter such as a water purifier and the like can be accurately monitored, the monitoring of reverse osmosis RO membrane blockage or RO membrane filter blockage comprises the monitoring of reverse osmosis RO membrane breakage, and the monitoring is provided for a user to perform corresponding treatment, so that the device is more convenient for the user to use and humanized.
The anti-blocking detection device matched with the secondary RO filter device and the tertiary RO filter device is similar to the primary RO filter device in structure and identical to the primary RO filter device in working principle. In this embodiment, a description is omitted.
Example 5
The water-saving multistage RO filtration system according to embodiment 5 is similar to that of embodiment 1 in structure, except that the standard value of concentrated water and the standard value of pure water are specifically taken as values in embodiment 5. The standard value of the wastewater is 200PPM. The pure water standard value is 20PMM.
The standard value of the wastewater can influence the treatment of each filtering procedure and the service life of each level of RO filtering device. The water quality of the treated water after the pretreatment of the raw water can be up to below 200PPM and can enter the next filtering process. In view of the high PPM value of the tap water (i.e. raw water) in China, the service life of each level of RO filter device can be effectively prolonged by the measures. The water quality of 200PPM is within the standard range of mineral water.
The value of the standard concentrate value described in example 5 was 200PM. The same applies to examples 2, 3 and 4.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention are within the scope of the technical proposal of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A water-saving multi-stage RO filtration system comprising:
a pretreatment water tank that receives raw water and pretreats the raw water to generate treated water;
a first RO filter unit for receiving and filtering the treated water, raw pure water and first concentrated water; the first-stage RO filter device is provided with a first water quality detector for detecting first-stage concentrated water;
a second RO filter device for receiving and filtering the first concentrated water to generate pure water and second concentrated water; a first electromagnetic valve is arranged at a water inlet of the second-stage RO filter device for receiving the first-stage concentrated water; the pipeline of the secondary RO filter device, which is communicated with the primary RO filter device, is also provided with a pressure valve, and the pressure valve is clamped between the first water quality detector and the first electromagnetic valve;
the return pipeline is provided with a second electromagnetic valve; one end of the return pipeline is communicated with a water outlet of the primary concentrated water of the primary RO filter device, and the other end of the return pipeline is communicated with the pretreatment water tank;
a water storage tank which receives the second concentrated water of the second RO filter device; the water storage tank is communicated with the pretreatment water tank and receives the treated water through a pipeline, and a fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline; a water inlet of the primary RO filter device for receiving the treated water is provided with a third electromagnetic valve; a second water quality detector is arranged at the water outlet of the treated water of the pretreatment water tank; the three-stage RO filter device is communicated with the water storage tank and is used for filtering and treating the collected water of the water storage tank to generate pure water and three-stage concentrated water;
a raw water pipe line for supplying raw water;
a waste water pipeline for collecting the third-stage concentrated water;
a pure water line comprising a plurality of branch lines; the branch pipelines are respectively communicated with pure water outlets of the primary RO filter device, the secondary RO filter device and the tertiary RO filter device;
the controller is respectively connected with the first water quality detector, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve; the second water quality detector, the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the controller; each branch pipeline is sequentially provided with a fifth electromagnetic valve and a third water quality detector according to the water outlet direction; the fifth electromagnetic valve and the third water quality detector are respectively connected with the controller;
when the first water quality detector detects that the water quality of the first-stage concentrated water is not higher than the standard wastewater value, the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve to be opened, the second electromagnetic valve to be closed, and the first-stage concentrated water of the first-stage RO filter device is conveyed to the second-stage RO filter device; when the first water quality detector detects that the water quality of the first-stage concentrated water is higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve to be closed, the second electromagnetic valve to be opened, and the first-stage concentrated water is conveyed to the pretreatment water tank from the return pipeline;
when the second water quality detector detects that the water quality of the treated water is not higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve to be opened, the fourth electromagnetic valve to be closed, and the treated water is conveyed to the primary RO filter device; when the second water quality detector detects that the water quality of the treated water is higher than the standard value of the wastewater, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve to be closed, the fourth electromagnetic valve to be opened, and the treated water is conveyed to the water storage tank;
when the third water quality detector detects that the water quality of pure water of each level of RO filter device exceeds the pure water standard value, the controller controls the fifth electromagnetic valve and the corresponding RO filter device to be closed and triggers an alarm;
wherein, constitute the detection group jointly by flowmeter, third water quality detector and the pressure valve of branch pipeline, form following testing result:
when the water quality detected by the third water quality detector is free of problems, the pure water output counted by the flowmeter is reduced, and the detection value of the pressure valve is higher; outputting a monitoring result: blocking phenomenon occurs on the reverse osmosis RO membrane of the first-stage RO filter device, and chemical flushing is carried out on the reverse osmosis RO membrane of the first-stage RO filter device;
when the water quality detected by the third water quality detector is free of problems, the pure water yield counted by the flowmeter is not changed greatly, and the detection value of the pressure valve is lower; outputting a monitoring result: the reverse osmosis RO membrane of the first-stage RO filter device is free from abnormality, and the inside of the first-stage RO filter device is blocked;
when the water quality detected by the third water quality detector is problematic, the pure water yield counted by the flowmeter is unchanged or larger, and the detection value of the pressure valve is unchanged or smaller; outputting a monitoring result: reverse osmosis RO membrane of the primary RO filter device is broken or internal structure is damaged.
2. A water-saving, multi-stage RO filtration system according to claim 1 in which:
the standard value of the wastewater is 200PPM.
3. A water-saving, multi-stage RO filtration system according to claim 1 further comprising anti-clogging detection means comprising:
a flow meter provided on the branch pipe; the flowmeter is connected with the controller and detects the water yield of pure water of one RO filter device;
a flushing pipeline provided with a medicine water tank; one end of the flushing pipeline is communicated with the water inlet of one RO filter device, and the other end of the flushing pipeline is communicated with the water outlet of the concentrated water of the corresponding RO filter device;
wherein the flushing pipeline is in a normally closed state; when the water yield of the pure water of the RO filter device detected by the flowmeter is smaller than the standard value, the controller controls the fifth electromagnetic valve to be closed and controls the flushing pipeline to be opened, and the flushing pipeline is communicated with the corresponding RO filter device and is used for flushing treatment.
4. A water-saving, multi-stage RO filtration system according to claim 3 in which:
the three-stage RO filter device adopts a sea water desalination RO filter device.
5. A water-saving, multi-stage RO filtration system according to claim 3 in which:
the pretreatment water tank is internally provided with a flocculating agent layer, a quartz sand layer and an activated carbon layer.
6. A water purifier comprising a water-saving multistage RO filtration system according to claim 1.
CN201811070378.3A 2018-09-13 2018-09-13 Water-saving multistage RO filtration system Active CN108996731B (en)

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CN110304748A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-10-08 常州市卫生监督所 A kind of drinking water on-line monitoring system

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