CN108993484A - A method of palladium carbon catalyst is prepared with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation - Google Patents

A method of palladium carbon catalyst is prepared with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108993484A
CN108993484A CN201810716879.8A CN201810716879A CN108993484A CN 108993484 A CN108993484 A CN 108993484A CN 201810716879 A CN201810716879 A CN 201810716879A CN 108993484 A CN108993484 A CN 108993484A
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palladium
carbon catalyst
selective hydrogenation
palladium carbon
chloronitrobenzene
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李正国
秦秀明
张汉松
顾楼月
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Kunming Super Crystal Technology Co Ltd
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Kunming Super Crystal Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/42Platinum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C209/00Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C209/30Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds
    • C07C209/32Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds by reduction of nitro groups
    • C07C209/36Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds by reduction of nitro groups by reduction of nitro groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings in presence of hydrogen-containing gases and a catalyst
    • C07C209/365Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds by reduction of nitro groups by reduction of nitro groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings in presence of hydrogen-containing gases and a catalyst by reduction with preservation of halogen-atoms in compounds containing nitro groups and halogen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of methods for preparing palladium carbon catalyst with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation, it mainly solves the problems, such as active component palladium being uniformly distributed on absorbent charcoal carrier, and improves palladium carbon catalyst in chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation to the selective problems of chloro aminobenzen.The present invention is co-precipitated by using by palladium presoma and iron presoma sodium hydroxide on absorbent charcoal carrier surface, after to be restored, then the technical solution for being dissolved out iron with organic acid, obtain the active and preferable palladium carbon catalyst of selectivity.In chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation, the conversion ratio of chloronitrobenzene may be up to 100%, and the selectivity of primary product chloro aminobenzen is up to 95%.

Description

A method of palladium carbon catalyst is prepared with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation
Technical field
It is especially a kind of to prepare palladium with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation the present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of catalyst The method of Pd/carbon catalyst.
Background technique
Industrially preparing o-chloraniline all with catalytic hydrogenation method at present is using platinum based catalyst, but the rare valence of platinum Lattice are expensive, and severe reaction conditions.It is cheap as the palladium carbon catalyst in activated centre using homogeneous noble metal palladium, have and adds hydrogen Activity it is high, selectivity is good, performance is stable, use when feed ratio it is small the advantages that.But commercial palladium carbon catalyst adds in chloronitrobenzene Can not be widely used in hydrogen since dechlorination reaction easily occurs, if a kind of palladium carbon catalyst can be designed, on the one hand weaken hydrogen with On the other hand the interaction of palladium activated centre changes suction type of the o-chloronitrobenzene in palladium activated centre, so that it may effectively Inhibit dechlorination side reaction to occur, improves selectivity.
The preparation method of palladium carbon catalyst is varied, and common and more popular method has chemical reduction method and receives at present Rice Metal Supported method.Nano metal load method is the Technique of Nano Pd that the protection of Metal Palladium stabilizer is first prepared into high degree of dispersion, so It is supported on absorbent charcoal carrier surface again afterwards, this method is that current most study is also most popular method, but is prepared in this method There may be the unnecessary substances being difficult to clean off to be attached on carrier in the process, and preparation process is complicated, is giving birth on a large scale It is difficult being consistent property in production.It is often used addition dispersing agent in chemical reduction method and has the function that dispersed active metal palladium, This method is relatively easy, easily controllable, can guarantee the consistency of product.Some high-molecular compounds, organic acid and organic acid Salt is often used as the dispersing agent of metallic catalyst.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, palladium charcoal is prepared with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation the present invention provides a kind of The method of catalyst, it is the technical problem to be solved is that making palladium better dispersion degree on carrier, and the trace residue of iron mentions High palladium carbon catalyst adds the selectivity in hydrogen to chloro aminobenzen in chloronitrobenzene.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A method of palladium carbon catalyst, specific steps are prepared with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation are as follows:
Step 1: the modification of absorbent charcoal carrier: first pre-processing powdered activated carbon: by active carbon in hydrochloric acid solution After middle immersion for 24 hours, it is washed with deionized to neutrality, drying for standby at 120 DEG C, then by pretreated powdered activated high-area carbon It impregnates in deionized water, stirring is uniformly mixed it and basically reaches adsorption equilibrium for 1 hour, obtains modified powdered activated Charcoal water solution system A;
Step 2: dipping process: by precursor solution containing palladium and auxiliary agent iron precursor solution be added drop-wise to system A respectively In, stirring dipping obtained system B after 24 hours, and the weight percent of palladium is 1~10% in system B;
Step 3: coprecipitation process: being co-precipitated system B with coprecipitator, it is ensured that the pH of last system is 8-10 Left and right, obtains system C;
Step 4: first time reduction process: reducing agent solution being slowly dropped in system C, is stirred when being added dropwise, is added dropwise In stirring 2 hours after completely, system D is obtained;
Step 5: separation of solid and liquid process: system D being separated by solid-liquid separation, black colloidal solid E is obtained;
Step 6: second of reduction process: black colloidal solid E being immersed in organic acid soln, after stirring 4h, is carried out It is separated by solid-liquid separation, obtains black colloidal solid F, then impregnate black colloidal solid F in deionized water, after stirring 1h, with also Former agent solution is restored;
Step 7: washing drying process: the slurry filtering and washing that the 6th step is restored, repeated washing 8-10 times, so It dries at 80 DEG C in a vacuum drying oven afterwards, obtains the palladium carbon catalyst of required palladium content.
Preferably, the ratio that the additive amount of auxiliary agent iron precursor solution uses in the second step for the additive amount of iron with The molar ratio of active component palladium is 0.05-0.1:1.
Preferably, the presoma containing palladium is chlorine palladium acid or palladium nitrate.
Preferably, the iron presoma is iron chloride or ferric nitrate.
Preferably, the coprecipitator sodium hydroxide solution.
Preferably, the reducing agent solution is the mixed solution of sodium borohydride and sodium hydroxide, sodium borohydride and hydrogen-oxygen The weight ratio for changing sodium is 10:1.
Preferably, the organic acid is the oxalic acid of 0.05M.
Preferably, in the palladium carbon catalyst of preparation palladium content be total weight 1%-10%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of deionized water and powdered activated high-area carbon is 10:1 in the first step;Deionization in 6th step The mass ratio of water and black colloidal solid F are 10:1.
Preferably, the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.2mol/L in the hydrochloric acid solution.
The present invention is a kind of by co-precipitation palladium presoma and iron presoma, then the preparation for the palladium carbon catalyst that iron is dissolved out Method mainly solves the problems, such as active component palladium being uniformly distributed on absorbent charcoal carrier, and improves palladium carbon catalyst in chloro nitre Base benzene selective adds the selective problems in hydrogen to chloro aminobenzen.The present invention is by using by palladium presoma and iron presoma hydrogen Sodium oxide molybdena is co-precipitated on absorbent charcoal carrier surface, after to be restored, then with organic acid is dissolved out iron, obtained activity and selectivity compared with Good palladium carbon catalyst.In chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation, the conversion ratio of chloronitrobenzene may be up to 100%, master The selectivity of product chloro aminobenzen is wanted to be up to 95%.
Specific embodiment
Clearly, completely retouch below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention It states, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the present invention In embodiment, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts Example, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The evaluation of catalyst activity:
Precise 0.1g catalyst (dry weight), 0.5g o-chloronitrobenzene and 50ml ethyl alcohol, the after agitation (revolving speed of stirring Once be added in 100ml three-necked flask for 900r/min) (, heating water bath is controlled to 30 DEG C, opens hydrogen valve, and control is passed through Hydrogen (intake velocity 20ml/min) starts timing, controls temperature at 30 DEG C or so, the duct entry for controlling gas is maintained at 1cm under liquid level carries out gas chromatographic analysis every sampling in 10 minutes, when selectively reaching highest, closes hydrogen valve, continues to stir It mixes, reaction is cooled to room temperature, and terminates evaluation experimental.
Material source: powdered activated carbon (specific surface area 1450m2/g);Chlorine palladium acid (congratulates Li Shi industrial technology material in Shanghai Company);Ferric trichloride is that analysis is pure;Sodium borohydride is that analysis is pure;Sodium hydroxide is that analysis is pure;Oxalic acid is that analysis is pure;Adjacent chlorine nitre Base benzene is that analysis is pure;Dehydrated alcohol is that analysis is pure.
Example 1: it after 95g active carbon is impregnated for 24 hours in the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.2mol/L, is washed with deionized into Pretreated powdered activated high-area carbon, is then immersed in the deionized water solution of 1000mL by property, drying for standby at 120 DEG C, Stirring 1h is uniformly mixed it and basically reaches adsorption equilibrium, is then respectively adding 0.638g Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate and palladium containing 5g Chlorine palladium acid solution 0.05mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is slowly added dropwise after stirring 15 hours, until pH=10, stirred when being added dropwise It mixes, continues stirring 24 hours after dripping, prepared reducing agent solution is then added dropwise, and (its process for preparation is by 50g hydroboration Sodium and 5g sodium hydroxide are dissolved in 500mL deionized water), it stirs, is stirred for after dripping 2 hours, then by it when being added dropwise It is separated by solid-liquid separation.Solid portion is immersed in the oxalic acid solution of 1mol/L, after stirring 15 hours, is separated by solid-liquid separation again, and After being washed with deionized 5 times, solid portion is immersed in the deionized water of 1000mL, prepared reducing agent solution is added dropwise (its process for preparation is that 50g sodium borohydride and 5g sodium hydroxide are dissolved in 500mL deionized water) is stirred when being added dropwise, is added dropwise It is stirred for after complete 2 hours, is then separated by solid-liquid separation, and after being washed with deionized 10 times, in a vacuum drying oven at 80 DEG C Drying, obtains 5% palladium carbon catalyst of finished product.For the evaluation result after o-chloronitrobenzene hydrogenation reaction are as follows: conversion ratio is 100%, o-chloraniline yield is 96.2%, and selectivity is 96.2%.
Example 2: it after 95g active carbon is impregnated for 24 hours in the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.2mol/L, is washed with deionized into Pretreated powdered activated high-area carbon, is then immersed in the deionized water solution of 1000mL by property, drying for standby at 120 DEG C, Stirring 1h is uniformly mixed it and basically reaches adsorption equilibrium, is separately added into the chlorine of 0.766g Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate and the palladium containing 5g 0.05mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is slowly added dropwise after stirring 15 hours in palladium acid solution, until pH=9, is stirred when being added dropwise, is added dropwise Continue stirring 24 hours after complete, prepared reducing agent solution is then added dropwise, and (its process for preparation is by 50g sodium borohydride and 5g hydrogen Sodium oxide molybdena is dissolved in 500mL deionized water), it is stirred when being added dropwise, is stirred for after dripping 2 hours, is then separated by solid-liquid separation, Then solid portion is immersed in the oxalic acid solution of 1mol/L, stirring 15 hours after, be separated by solid-liquid separation again, and spend from After sub- water washing 5 times, solid portion is immersed in the deionized water of 1000mL, prepared reducing agent solution is added dropwise, and (it is matched Process processed is that 50g sodium borohydride and 5g sodium hydroxide are dissolved in 500mL deionized water), it is stirred when being added dropwise, after dripping again Stirring 2 hours, is then separated by solid-liquid separation, and after being washed with deionized 10 times, is dried at 80 DEG C, is obtained in a vacuum drying oven To 5% palladium carbon catalyst of finished product.For the evaluation result after o-chloronitrobenzene hydrogenation reaction are as follows: conversion ratio 100%, adjacent chlorobenzene Amine yield is 90.6%, and selectivity is 90.6%.
Example 3: it after 95g active carbon is impregnated for 24 hours in the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.2mol/L, is washed with deionized into Pretreated powdered activated high-area carbon, is then immersed in the deionized water solution of 1000mL by property, drying for standby at 120 DEG C, Stirring 1h is uniformly mixed it and basically reaches adsorption equilibrium, is separately added into the chlorine of 1.021g Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate and the palladium containing 5g 0.05mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is slowly added dropwise after stirring 15 hours in palladium acid solution, until pH=8, is stirred when being added dropwise, is added dropwise Continue stirring 24 hours after complete, prepared reducing agent solution is then added dropwise, and (its process for preparation is by 50g sodium borohydride and 5g hydrogen Sodium oxide molybdena is dissolved in 500mL deionized water), it is stirred when being added dropwise, is stirred for after dripping 2 hours, is then separated by solid-liquid separation, Then solid portion is immersed in the oxalic acid solution of 1mol/L, stirring 15 hours after, be separated by solid-liquid separation again, and spend from After sub- water washing 5 times, solid portion is immersed in the deionized water of 1000mL, prepared reducing agent solution is added dropwise, and (it is matched Process processed is that 50g sodium borohydride and 5g sodium hydroxide are dissolved in 500mL deionized water), it is stirred when being added dropwise, after dripping again Stirring 2 hours, is then separated by solid-liquid separation, and after being washed with deionized 10 times, is dried at 80 DEG C, is obtained in a vacuum drying oven To 5% palladium carbon catalyst of finished product.For the evaluation result after o-chloronitrobenzene hydrogenation reaction are as follows: conversion ratio 100%, adjacent chlorobenzene Amine yield is 88.3%, and selectivity is 88.3%.
Example 4: it after 95g active carbon is impregnated for 24 hours in the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.2mol/L, is washed with deionized into Pretreated powdered activated high-area carbon, is then immersed in the deionized water solution of 1000mL by property, drying for standby at 120 DEG C, Stirring 1h is uniformly mixed it and basically reaches adsorption equilibrium, is separately added into the chlorine of 1.276g Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate and the palladium containing 5g 0.05mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is slowly added dropwise after stirring 15 hours in palladium acid solution, until pH=8, is stirred when being added dropwise, is added dropwise Continue stirring 24 hours after complete, prepared reducing agent solution is then added dropwise, and (its process for preparation is by 50g sodium borohydride and 5g hydrogen Sodium oxide molybdena is dissolved in 500mL deionized water), it is stirred when being added dropwise, is stirred for after dripping 2 hours, is then separated by solid-liquid separation, Then solid portion is immersed in the oxalic acid solution of 1mol/L, stirring 15 hours after, be separated by solid-liquid separation again, and spend from After sub- water washing 5 times, solid portion is immersed in the deionized water of 1000mL, prepared reducing agent solution is added dropwise, and (it is matched Process processed is that 50g sodium borohydride and 5g sodium hydroxide are dissolved in 500mL deionized water), it is stirred when being added dropwise, after dripping again Stirring 2 hours, is then separated by solid-liquid separation, and after being washed with deionized 10 times, is dried at 80 DEG C, is obtained in a vacuum drying oven To 5% palladium carbon catalyst of finished product.For the evaluation result after o-chloronitrobenzene hydrogenation reaction are as follows: conversion ratio 100%, adjacent chlorobenzene Amine yield is 83.7%, and selectivity is 83.7%.
Example 5: it after 95g active carbon is impregnated for 24 hours in the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.2mol/L, is washed with deionized into Pretreated powdered activated high-area carbon, is then immersed in the deionized water solution of 1000mL by property, drying for standby at 120 DEG C, Stirring 1h is uniformly mixed it and basically reaches adsorption equilibrium, is separately added into the chlorine of 0.383g Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate and the palladium containing 3g 0.05mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is slowly added dropwise after stirring 15 hours in palladium acid solution, until pH=9, is stirred when being added dropwise, is added dropwise Continue stirring 24 hours after complete, prepared reducing agent solution is then added dropwise, and (its process for preparation is by 50g sodium borohydride and 5g hydrogen Sodium oxide molybdena is dissolved in 500mL deionized water), it is stirred when being added dropwise, is stirred for after dripping 2 hours, is then separated by solid-liquid separation, Then solid portion is immersed in the oxalic acid solution of 1mol/L, stirring 15 hours after, be separated by solid-liquid separation again, and spend from After sub- water washing 5 times, solid portion is immersed in the deionized water of 1000mL, prepared reducing agent solution is added dropwise, and (it is matched Process processed is that 50g sodium borohydride and 5g sodium hydroxide are dissolved in 500mL deionized water), it is stirred when being added dropwise, after dripping again Stirring 2 hours, is then separated by solid-liquid separation, and after being washed with deionized 10 times, is dried at 80 DEG C, is obtained in a vacuum drying oven To 3% palladium carbon catalyst of finished product.For the evaluation result after o-chloronitrobenzene hydrogenation reaction are as follows: conversion ratio 100%, adjacent chlorobenzene Amine yield is 86.2%, and selectivity is 86.2%.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method for preparing palladium carbon catalyst with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation, specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: the modification of absorbent charcoal carrier: first pre-processing powdered activated carbon: active carbon is soaked in hydrochloric acid solution It after steeping for 24 hours, is washed with deionized to neutrality, drying for standby at 120 DEG C, then impregnates pretreated powdered activated high-area carbon In deionized water, stirring 1 hour is uniformly mixed it and basically reaches adsorption equilibrium, obtains modified powdered activated carbon water Solution system A;
Step 2: dipping process: by precursor solution containing palladium and auxiliary agent iron precursor solution be added drop-wise in system A respectively, stir Dipping is mixed after 24 hours, obtains system B, the weight percent of palladium is 1~10% in system B;
Step 3: coprecipitation process: being co-precipitated system B with coprecipitator, it is ensured that the pH of last system is 8-10 or so, Obtain system C;
Step 4: first time reduction process: reducing agent solution being slowly dropped in system C, is stirred when being added dropwise, is added dropwise complete Afterwards in stirring 2 hours, system D is obtained;
Step 5: separation of solid and liquid process: system D being separated by solid-liquid separation, black colloidal solid E is obtained;
Step 6: second of reduction process: black colloidal solid E being immersed in organic acid soln, after stirring 4h, carries out solid-liquid Separation, obtains black colloidal solid F, then impregnates in deionized water black colloidal solid F, after stirring 1h, uses reducing agent Solution is restored;
Step 7: washing drying process: the slurry filtering and washing that the 6th step is restored, wash repeatedly 8-10 times, then in It is dried at 80 DEG C in vacuum oven, obtains the palladium carbon catalyst of required palladium content.
2. a kind of method for preparing palladium carbon catalyst with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation as described in claim 1, feature Be: the ratio that the additive amount of auxiliary agent iron precursor solution uses in the second step is the additive amount of iron and active component palladium Molar ratio be 0.05-0.1:1.
3. a kind of method for preparing palladium carbon catalyst with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation as described in claim 1, feature Be: the presoma containing palladium is chlorine palladium acid or palladium nitrate.
4. a kind of method for preparing palladium carbon catalyst with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation as described in claim 1, feature Be: the iron presoma is iron chloride or ferric nitrate.
5. a kind of method for preparing palladium carbon catalyst with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation as described in claim 1, feature It is: the coprecipitator sodium hydroxide solution.
6. a kind of method for preparing palladium carbon catalyst with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation as described in claim 1, feature Be: the reducing agent solution is the mixed solution of sodium borohydride and sodium hydroxide, the weight ratio of sodium borohydride and sodium hydroxide For 10:1.
7. a kind of method for preparing palladium carbon catalyst with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation as described in claim 1, feature Be: the organic acid is the oxalic acid of 0.05M.
8. a kind of method for preparing palladium carbon catalyst with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation as described in claim 1, feature Be: palladium content is the 1%-10% of total weight in the palladium carbon catalyst of preparation.
9. a kind of method for preparing palladium carbon catalyst with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation as described in claim 1, feature Be: the mass ratio of deionized water and powdered activated high-area carbon is 10:1 in the first step;Deionized water and black glue in 6th step The mass ratio of shape solid F is 10:1.
10. a kind of method for preparing palladium carbon catalyst with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation as described in claim 1, feature Be: the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.2mol/L in the hydrochloric acid solution.
CN201810716879.8A 2018-07-03 2018-07-03 A method of palladium carbon catalyst is prepared with chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation Pending CN108993484A (en)

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