CN108993343B - Microchannel reactor - Google Patents
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- CN108993343B CN108993343B CN201811039937.4A CN201811039937A CN108993343B CN 108993343 B CN108993343 B CN 108993343B CN 201811039937 A CN201811039937 A CN 201811039937A CN 108993343 B CN108993343 B CN 108993343B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00873—Heat exchange
Abstract
The present invention provides a microchannel reactor comprising: the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are sleeved on the periphery of the inner sleeve, and an accommodating groove is formed in the outer wall of the inner sleeve and/or the inner wall of the outer sleeve; the microchannel reactor further comprises an insert structure capable of being inserted into the accommodating groove, and the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve, the accommodating groove and the insert structure jointly define a circulation channel for flowing the reaction fluid; the insert structure comprises a first insert and a second insert which are arranged in a stacked mode, the first insert comprises a first flow groove formed in the first extending direction, the second insert comprises a second flow groove formed in the second extending direction, and the first extending direction and the second extending direction are arranged in a crossed mode, so that fluid can flow in the first flow groove and the second flow groove alternately. Compared with the traditional single-layer micro-channel, the invention can strengthen the shearing action in the vertical direction, strengthen the mixing effect, increase the flow of reaction materials and is suitable for industrial production with high yield requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of micro-reactions, and particularly relates to a micro-channel reactor.
Background
The micro-reactor provides a millimeter-scale channel form for chemical reactions with complex, intense reaction, large heat release or heat absorption, high viscosity or easy wall hanging, can change the residence time and the tube pass number, can furthest realize industrialized amplification, and realizes an ideal temperature control micro-channel reactor. The existing reactor mostly adopts a micro-channel with a turbulent flow structure to be carved or processed on a flat plate, but the flow of reaction materials in the micro-reactor is smaller due to the blocking effect of the turbulent flow structure in the micro-channel structure, so that the micro-channel structure can only be applied to laboratory or small-scale production and is difficult to be applied to industrial production with larger yield requirement.
The micro-channel reaction heat exchange device in the prior art has the technical problems that the flow rate of reaction materials in the micro-reactor is smaller, the micro-channel reaction heat exchange device can only be applied to laboratories or small-scale production, and is difficult to apply to industrial production with larger yield requirements, and the like, so the invention designs a micro-channel reactor.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects that the flow rate of reaction materials is smaller, the reaction materials can only be applied to laboratory or small-scale production, and the reaction materials are difficult to apply to industrial production with larger yield requirements in the microchannel reaction heat exchange device in the prior art, so that the microchannel reactor is provided.
The present invention provides a microchannel reactor comprising:
the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are sleeved on the periphery of the inner sleeve, and an accommodating groove is formed in the outer wall of the inner sleeve and/or the inner wall of the outer sleeve;
the microchannel reactor further comprises a plug-in sheet structure capable of being plugged into the accommodating groove, and the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve, the accommodating groove and the plug-in sheet structure together define a circulation channel for flowing reaction fluid;
the insert structure comprises a first insert and a second insert which are arranged in a stacked mode, the first insert comprises a first flow groove formed in the first extending direction, the second insert comprises a second flow groove formed in the second extending direction, and the first extending direction and the second extending direction are arranged in a crossed mode, so that fluid can alternately flow in the first flow groove and the second flow groove.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the receiving groove extends along the axial direction of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, and the insert structure also extends along the axial direction of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the accommodating groove is a rectangular groove extending along the axial direction of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, and the rectangular groove and the outer wall of the inner sleeve and the inner wall of the outer sleeve together define a rectangular channel.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the holding groove is followed the interior sleeve pipe with a plurality of circumference direction seting up of outer tube, the inserted sheet structure also is a plurality of, with the holding groove one-to-one, makes every inserted sheet structure all inserts and locates in the every the holding groove.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the first inserting piece comprises a first supporting part and a first extending part, the first supporting part can be connected with the edge of the accommodating groove, one end of the first extending part is connected to the first supporting part, and the other end of the first extending part extends towards the direction far away from the first supporting part; the first extending parts are arranged in parallel, so that the first flow grooves are formed between two adjacent first extending parts; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second inserting piece comprises a second supporting part and a second extending part, the second supporting part can be connected with the edge of the accommodating groove, one end of the second extending part is connected to the second supporting part, and the other end of the second extending part extends towards the direction far away from the second supporting part; and the second protruding parts are multiple and are arranged in parallel to each other so as to form the second flow groove between two adjacent second protruding parts.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
an inner heat exchange tube is further arranged in the inner sleeve, and a first heat exchange medium circulation channel capable of allowing heat exchange medium to pass through is further arranged on at least one of the inner wall of the inner sleeve, the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube and the position between the inner sleeve and the inner heat exchange tube; or a first heat exchange medium circulation channel which can allow the heat exchange medium to pass in is arranged in the inner sleeve;
and/or an outer heat exchange tube is also sleeved outside the outer sleeve, and a second heat exchange medium circulation channel capable of allowing heat exchange medium to pass through is also arranged on at least one of the outer wall of the outer sleeve, the inner wall of the outer heat exchange tube and the position between the outer sleeve and the outer heat exchange tube.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the first heat exchange medium circulation channel is arranged corresponding to the position of the accommodating groove, and the second heat exchange medium circulation channel is arranged corresponding to the position of the accommodating groove.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the first heat exchange medium circulation channel is a spiral channel, and/or the second heat exchange medium circulation channel is a spiral channel;
preferably, the first heat exchange medium circulation channel is a spiral channel formed on the inner wall of the inner sleeve and/or the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube; and/or the second heat exchange medium circulation channel is a spiral channel formed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve and/or the inner wall of the outer heat exchange tube.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
a front circulation plate is arranged at one end of the inner sleeve and one end of the outer sleeve in the axial direction, a plurality of front circulation channels capable of being communicated with the accommodating groove are arranged in the front circulation plate, a reactant inlet and a reactant outlet are also connected or arranged on the front circulation plate, the reactant inlet is communicated with the front circulation channels, and the reactant outlet is communicated with the front circulation channels;
and/or the other ends of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve in the axial direction are provided with rear circulation plates, and a plurality of rear circulation channels capable of being communicated with the accommodating grooves are arranged inside the rear circulation plates.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the front circulation passage is also capable of connecting two adjacent ends at the one end in the axial direction of the plurality of accommodating grooves distributed in the circumferential direction, and the rear circulation passage is also capable of connecting two adjacent ends at the other end in the axial direction of the plurality of accommodating grooves distributed in the circumferential direction, together forming a microreaction passage that is continuously penetrated in sequence.
The microchannel reactor provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the microchannel reactor, the containing grooves are formed in the inner wall of the inner sleeve and/or the inner wall of the outer sleeve, the insert sheet structure is arranged in the containing grooves, the insert sheet structure comprises more than two insert sheets, each insert sheet is provided with the flow grooves in one extending direction, and the extending directions of the flow grooves of different insert sheets are arranged in a crossing manner, so that reaction fluid can flow from the flow groove of one insert sheet to the flow groove of the other insert sheet which is arranged in a laminated manner, a mixed microstructure is generated, compared with a traditional single-layer microchannel, the shearing effect in the vertical direction is enhanced, materials quickly enter a forced turbulence state, the mixing effect is enhanced, the flow of the reaction materials is increased, and the microchannel reactor can be suitable for industrial production with larger yield requirements; the amplification is carried out only by increasing the number of micro-channels, the size of the internal channels is unchanged, and the real parallel amplification is realized. The inside mixed inserted sheet formula structure can be changed wantonly, conveniently dismantles, adjusts pressure drop and mixing efficiency through changing not unidimensional inserted sheet, satisfies multiple technological requirement. The microchannel dispenser can ensure that the reaction distribution position of the reaction fluid is wider through the plurality of containing grooves and the inserting sheet structures which are arranged in the circumferential direction of the tube, the reaction flow path is increased, the reaction sufficiency is improved, and the reaction efficiency is improved;
the microchannel separator of the invention can exchange heat with the inner layer and/or the outer layer of the reactant material pipe through the outer heat exchange pipe with the outer layer of the outer sleeve and/or the inner heat exchange pipe with the inner layer of the inner sleeve, and has high heat exchange efficiency; and further through setting up the heat transfer passageway as spiral runner heat transfer, heat transfer medium flow rate is fast, and heat exchange efficiency is high, and the temperature can more accurate control. Meanwhile, the equipment in laboratory scale can be integrated on a substrate with other mixing, reacting and heat exchanging modules to realize different processes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a microchannel reactor of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal cross-sectional view of the microchannel reactor of FIG. 1 taken along the direction A-A;
FIG. 3a is a schematic structural view of a first insert in a microchannel dispenser of the invention;
FIG. 3b is a schematic structural view of a second insert in the microchannel dispenser of the invention;
FIG. 3c is a schematic view of the mating structure of the first insert and the second insert in the microchannel dispenser of the invention;
FIG. 3d is a schematic structural view of a first alternative embodiment of a first insert in a microchannel dispenser of the invention;
FIG. 3e is a schematic structural view of a first alternative embodiment of a second insert in a microchannel dispenser of the invention;
FIG. 3f is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of a first insert first alternate embodiment and a second insert first alternate embodiment in a microchannel dispenser of the invention;
FIG. 3g is a schematic structural view of a second alternative embodiment of a first insert in a microchannel dispenser of the invention;
FIG. 3h is a schematic structural view of a second alternative embodiment of a second insert in a microchannel dispenser of the invention;
FIG. 3i is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of a first insert second alternative embodiment and a second insert second alternative embodiment in a microchannel dispenser of the invention;
FIG. 3j is a schematic structural view of a third alternative embodiment of a first insert in a microchannel dispenser of the invention;
FIG. 3k is a schematic structural view of a third alternative embodiment of a second insert in a microchannel dispenser of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure in the right-hand direction of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic elevational view of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reactant inlet 92 region of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of the outer heat exchange tube of FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view in the direction D-D of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the front structure of the inner heat exchange tube of FIG. 1;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view in the direction E-E of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a front internal block diagram of the front circulation plate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 14 is a front internal block diagram of the rear circulation plate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 15a is a perspective view of the alternative embodiment with respect to FIG. 6 (reactant inlet on the front recycle plate, reactant outlet on the rear recycle plate);
fig. 15b is a schematic diagram of the front structure of fig. 15 a.
The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:
1. an inner sleeve; 2. an outer sleeve; 3. a receiving groove; 4. an insert sheet structure; 41. a first insert sheet; 411. a first flow channel; 412. a first support portion; 413. a first protruding portion; 42. a second insert sheet; 421. a second flow channel; 422. a second supporting part; 423. a second protruding portion; 5. an inner heat exchange tube; 6. an outer heat exchange tube; 7. a first heat exchange medium flow passage; 71. a first heat exchange medium inlet; 72. a first heat exchange medium outlet; 8. a second heat exchange medium flow passage; 81. a second heat exchange medium inlet; 82. a second heat exchange medium outlet; 9. a front circulation plate; 91. a front circulation passage; 92. a reactant inlet; 93. a reactant outlet; 10. a rear circulation plate; 101. a rear circulation passage; 11. and (5) a base.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-15b, the present invention provides a microchannel reactor comprising:
the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2 are sleeved on the periphery of the inner sleeve 1, and an accommodating groove 3 is formed in the outer wall of the inner sleeve 1 and/or the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2;
the microchannel reactor further comprises a tab structure 4 capable of being inserted into the receiving slot 3, the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2, the receiving slot 3 and the tab structure 4 together defining a flow channel for the flow of a reaction fluid;
the insert structure 4 includes a first insert 41 and a second insert 42 (two or more sheets may be stacked, and the insert may be a flat sheet or an arc sheet) that are stacked, and the first insert 41 includes a first flow slot 411 that is opened along a first extending direction, and the second insert 42 includes a second flow slot 421 that is opened along a second extending direction (the first extending direction may be along a straight line direction or a curved line direction, that is, the first flow slot may be a straight slot or a curved slot, and the second extending direction may be along a straight line direction or a curved line direction, that is, the second flow slot may be a straight slot or a curved slot), and the first extending direction and the second extending direction are disposed to intersect, so that the fluid may alternately flow in the first flow slot 411 and the second flow slot 421. That is, after the fluid flows from one end of the first flow groove to the other end, the fluid enters one end of the second flow groove and flows to the other end of the second flow groove, the process is repeated, so that a section of fluid flow in one plane is formed, and the fluid vertically enters the other plane upwards or downwards and flows again, so that the alternation of parallel flow and vertical flow is formed.
When the reactor needs to be cleaned, the inserting sheet can be pulled out of the accommodating groove to clean the inserting sheet (at the moment, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve can be fixedly connected); the inner sleeve can be pulled out of the outer sleeve, the inserting piece is directly washed or is scratched out of the accommodating groove, and the inserting piece is cleaned (at the moment, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are movably connected, and meanwhile, sealing devices can be arranged on two circumferential sides of the accommodating groove between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve).
According to the microchannel reactor, the containing grooves are formed in the inner wall of the inner sleeve and/or the inner wall of the outer sleeve, the insert sheet structure is arranged in the containing grooves, the insert sheet structure comprises more than two insert sheets, each insert sheet is provided with the flow grooves in one extending direction, and the extending directions of the flow grooves of different insert sheets are arranged in a crossing manner, so that reaction fluid can flow from the flow groove of one insert sheet to the flow groove of the other insert sheet which is arranged in a laminated manner, a mixed microstructure is generated, compared with a traditional single-layer microchannel, the shearing effect in the vertical direction is enhanced, materials quickly enter a forced turbulence state, the mixing effect is enhanced, the flow of the reaction materials is increased, and the microchannel reactor can be suitable for industrial production with larger yield requirements; the amplification is carried out only by increasing the number of micro-channels, the size of the internal channels is unchanged, and the real parallel amplification is realized. The inside mixed inserted sheet formula structure can be changed wantonly, conveniently dismantles, adjusts pressure drop and mixing efficiency through changing not unidimensional inserted sheet, satisfies multiple technological requirement.
The invention provides a millimeter-scale channel form for chemical reactions with complex, intense reaction, large heat release or heat absorption, high viscosity or easy wall hanging, the thickness of the first inserting sheet and the second inserting sheet can be 0.5-1mm, and the width of the flow slot 411 can be 0.5-2.5mm. The micro-channel continuous flow reactor can realize amplification without obvious amplification effect, wherein the amplification effect refers to that the cross section area of the whole accommodating groove can be increased, but not the size of the circulating groove is amplified, and the micro-channel continuous flow reactor is particularly suitable for micro-channel continuous flow reactors with large heat release or heat absorption, wall built-up or viscous materials, ideal sectional temperature control is realized, the residence time and the tube pass number can be changed, the industrial amplification can be maximized, and the ideal temperature control is realized.
After the reaction materials enter the accommodating groove (namely, the rectangular reaction groove is not limited to rectangle), the reaction materials flow along one end of the rectangular reaction groove to the other end, the process fluid is disturbed by the crossed fishbone-shaped inclined fork structure under the action of the upper layer of inserting sheets and the lower layer of inserting sheets, the process fluid is continuously forked and recombined in the micro-channels of the upper layer and the lower layer of inserting sheets, and in the process of flowing up and down, the process fluid generates the speed in the vertical direction, so that the two fluids generate the mutual shearing action in the vertical direction at the junction, and the mixing and reaction effects are enhanced. The degree of density of the fishbone-shaped inclined forks of the inserting sheets can influence pressure drop and mixing efficiency, so that different inserting sheets can be configured according to different process requirements to meet the requirements.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the receiving groove 3 extends in the axial direction of the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2, and the tab structure 4 also extends in the axial direction of the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2. This is a specific structural form of the receiving groove of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, which can be extended from one axial end between the inner and outer sleeves to the other end to form a long-distance microchannel reaction.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the accommodating groove 3 is a rectangular groove extending along the axial direction of the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2, and the rectangular groove and the outer wall of the inner sleeve 1 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2 together define a rectangular channel. This is a further structural form of the accommodating groove of the present invention, which is configured as a rectangular groove extending along the axial direction, and can better match the rectangular structure of the insert sheet (of course, the present invention is not limited to a rectangle, and can also be other shapes), so that the rectangular comb-shaped insert sheet can be just embedded into the rectangular groove, thereby forming a first flow groove and a second flow groove for fluid flow, and other parts do not flow fluid. As a further embodiment, the receiving groove 3 can of course be curved, toothed, and the shape of the insert piece can be adapted to this.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the accommodating grooves 3 are formed in a plurality of circumferential directions of the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2, and the insert structures 4 are also formed in a plurality of one-to-one correspondence with the accommodating grooves 3, so that each insert structure 4 is inserted into each accommodating groove 3. According to the microchannel dispenser, the reaction distribution positions of the reaction fluid are wider through the plurality of containing grooves and the insert structures which are arranged in the circumferential direction of the tube, so that the reaction flow path is increased, the reaction sufficiency is improved, the reaction efficiency is improved, and the whole volume of the reactor is saved.
The containing grooves in the circumferential direction are connected end to end in sequence, so that a serial channel with a long distance is formed, the circulation length of reactants is increased, and the reaction efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
as shown in fig. 3a to 3c, the first insert 41 includes a first supporting portion 412 and a first protruding portion 413, the first supporting portion 412 is capable of being connected to an edge of the receiving slot 3, one end of the first protruding portion 413 is connected to the first supporting portion 412, and the other end extends away from the first supporting portion 412; and the first protrusions 413 are provided in plurality and parallel to each other to form the first flow slot 411 between two adjacent first protrusions 413; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second insertion piece 42 includes a second supporting portion 422 and a second protruding portion 423, the second supporting portion 422 can also be connected to the edge of the accommodating groove 3, one end of the second protruding portion 423 is connected to the second supporting portion 422, and the other end extends in a direction away from the second supporting portion 422; and the second protrusions 423 are provided in plurality and in parallel to each other to form the second flow grooves 421 between two adjacent second protrusions 423.
The first inserting piece and the second inserting piece are in a specific structural form, namely, the first inserting piece and the second inserting piece are arranged to comprise a supporting part and an extending part which extends outwards from the supporting part, so that a comb-shaped structure (similar to a comb) is formed, flow grooves for fluid flow are formed between the adjacent extending parts, and the two inserting pieces are mutually overlapped, and as the extending directions of the first extending part and the second extending part are not parallel and are arranged in a crossing way, the fluid flow channel is divided into a mode of flowing upwards or downwards along the first flow groove and then flowing into the second flow groove and then flowing into the first flow groove, so that the fluid flow channel is reciprocated circumferentially, the turbulence degree of the fluid flow is increased, the flow and shearing action in the vertical direction are increased, the flow rate of the fluid flow is increased, and the reaction efficiency is improved.
The configuration of the first tab and the second tab is not limited to the form of fig. 3a-3c, but includes various configurations shown in fig. 3d-3k, for example, the extension may be linear or bent, and the lengths of the extension may be equal or not equal.
The microchannel dispenser of the invention, namely the inserted sheet type high pressure microchannel reactor, comprises: reactant inlet 92,) base 11, reactant outlet 93, front circulation plate 9, outer jacket tube 2, inner jacket tube 1, insert sheet structure 4, inner heat exchange tube 5, outer heat exchange tube 6.
Preferably, a rectangular groove is processed between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve; when rectangular grooves are machined in only one of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve, a flat surface is machined in the other outer sleeve or inner sleeve which mates with the rectangular grooves. The two are in interference fit to form a rectangular channel, and the baffle inserting sheet is inserted into the rectangular channel. Rectangular grooves are formed in the outer sleeve, planes matched with the rectangular grooves are formed in the inner sleeve, the rectangular grooves and the planes form a rectangular channel through interference fit, and the baffle inserting sheets are inserted into the rectangular channel.
The number of rectangular grooves is at least 1, and the rectangular grooves are arranged according to the thickness of the pipe fitting.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
an inner heat exchange tube 5 is further arranged in the inner sleeve 1, and a first heat exchange medium circulation channel 7 capable of allowing heat exchange medium to pass through is further arranged on at least one of the inner wall of the inner sleeve 1, the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube 5 and the position between the inner sleeve 1 and the inner heat exchange tube 5; or, a first heat exchange medium circulation channel (which is formed inside the inner sleeve and is not shown in the figure) capable of allowing the heat exchange medium to pass through is arranged inside the inner sleeve (1);
and/or, the outer sleeve 2 is also sleeved with an outer heat exchange tube 6, and at least one of the outer wall of the outer sleeve 2, the inner wall of the outer heat exchange tube 6 and the position between the outer sleeve 2 and the outer heat exchange tube 6 is also provided with a second heat exchange medium circulation channel 8 which can allow heat exchange medium to pass through.
The microchannel separator can exchange heat between the inner layer and the outer layer of the reactant pipe through the outer heat exchange pipe with the outer layer of the outer sleeve and the inner heat exchange pipe with the inner layer of the inner sleeve or only the inner part of the inner sleeve, so that the heat exchange efficiency is high; and further through setting up the heat transfer passageway as spiral runner heat transfer, heat transfer medium flow rate is fast, and heat exchange efficiency is high, and the temperature can more accurate control. Meanwhile, the equipment in laboratory scale can be integrated on a substrate with other mixing, reacting and heat exchanging modules to realize different processes.
The outer pipe comprises an outer sleeve and an outer heat exchange pipe, and the outer heat exchange pipe is sleeved outside the outer sleeve. And a heat exchange channel is arranged between the outer sleeve and the outer heat exchange tube at the position corresponding to the rectangular groove, and the heat exchange channel can be a gap processed between the outer sleeve and the outer heat exchange tube and used for circulating a heat exchange medium to exchange heat for the reaction. Preferably, the heat exchange channel is internally provided with a turbulent flow structure, so that the heat exchange effect can be improved.
The inner pipe fitting comprises an inner sleeve and an inner heat exchange pipe, and the inner heat exchange pipe is sleeved inside the inner sleeve. And a heat exchange channel is arranged between the inner sleeve and the inner heat exchange tube at the position corresponding to the rectangular groove, and the heat exchange channel can be a gap processed between the inner sleeve and the inner heat exchange tube and is used for circulating a heat exchange medium to exchange heat for the reaction. Preferably, the heat exchange channel is internally provided with a turbulent flow structure, which can be a spiral channel or a bulge arranged on the inner wall or the outer wall, so that the heat exchange effect can be improved.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the first heat exchange medium flow channel 7 is provided corresponding to the position of the accommodating groove 3, and the second heat exchange medium flow channel 8 is provided corresponding to the position of the accommodating groove 3 (of course, it may not be provided completely opposite or not opposite, and a corresponding heat exchange effect may be achieved, but the heat exchange effect is better when the corresponding is preferable). Therefore, the position through which the first heat exchange medium flows can be effectively guaranteed to exchange heat with the reaction fluid in the accommodating groove, the heat exchange is carried out for cooling or heating, the position through which the second heat exchange medium flows can be effectively guaranteed to exchange heat with the reaction fluid in the accommodating groove, the heat exchange is carried out for cooling or heating, and the heat exchange effect is improved.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the first heat exchange medium circulation channel 7 is a spiral channel, and/or the second heat exchange medium circulation channel 8 is a spiral channel;
preferably, the first heat exchange medium circulation channel 7 is a spiral channel formed on the inner wall of the inner sleeve 1 and/or the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube 5; the second heat exchange medium circulation channel 8 is a spiral channel formed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 2 and/or the inner wall of the outer heat exchange tube 6. The first heat exchange medium circulation channel and the second heat exchange medium circulation channel are preferably arranged in a spiral channel, so that the heat exchange effect on the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the pipeline can be uniformly carried out, and the heat exchange effect with the reaction fluid is improved.
The spiral channel is preferably a spiral groove machined on the inner wall of the outer tube or the outer wall of the inner tube, preferably on the outer wall, and is convenient to machine on the outer wall.
The spiral channel can be arranged in such a way that a turbulent flow wire is wound on the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube, an inner sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the turbulent flow wire, and preferably, the inner wall of the inner sleeve is contacted and attached with the radial outer edge of the turbulent flow wire. And/or, the outer wall of the outer sleeve is wound with a turbulent flow wire, the outer side of the turbulent flow wire is provided with an outer heat exchange tube, and preferably, the inner wall of the inner sleeve is contacted and attached with the radial outer edge of the turbulent flow wire.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
a front circulation plate 9 is arranged at one end of the inner sleeve 1 and one end of the outer sleeve 2 in the axial direction, a front circulation channel 91 capable of being communicated with the accommodating groove 3 is arranged inside the front circulation plate 9, a reactant inlet 92 and a reactant outlet 93 are also arranged on the front circulation plate 9, the reactant inlet is communicated with the front circulation channel 91, and the reactant outlet 93 is communicated with the front circulation channel 91;
and/or, the other ends of the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2 in the axial direction are provided with a rear circulation plate 10, and a rear circulation passage 101 capable of communicating with the accommodation groove 3 is provided inside the rear circulation plate 10.
The arrangement of the front circulation plate can form a reactant inlet, enable reaction fluid to enter the reaction flow channel, form a reactant outlet, enable the reaction fluid which completes the reaction to flow out of the microreactor, and also has a front circulation channel 91, wherein the front circulation channel 91 can be connected with two adjacent containing grooves, and enable the reaction fluid which flows out after the reaction in the previous microreaction channel to enter the next microreaction channel through the front circulation channel 91, so that a longer microreaction channel is formed by connecting in sequence, and the rear circulation channel is used for connecting two adjacent microreaction channels at the other end, so that the two adjacent microreaction channels and the front circulation channel 91 together form a long complete reaction channel, the reaction path is increased, and the reaction efficiency is improved.
Alternatively, the reactant inlet may be provided on the front circulation plate and the reactant outlet may be provided on the rear circulation plate as shown in fig. 15a-15b, but the reactant inlet may be provided on the rear circulation plate and the reactant outlet may be provided on the front circulation plate, not limited to the above arrangement. I.e. there may be multiple reactant inlets, and multiple reactant outlets. More than two reactant inlets 92 (for the feed of different materials) may be provided. See fig. 7 for details.
A single reactant inlet 92 may also be provided (in which case the reactant inlet 92 is provided in communication with a premixing device for mixing multiple materials prior to entry into the reactor through the reactant inlet 92.)
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the front circulation passage 91 can also connect two adjacent ends at the one end in the axial direction among the plurality of accommodating grooves 3 distributed in the circumferential direction, and the rear circulation passage 101 can also connect two adjacent ends at the other end in the axial direction among the plurality of accommodating grooves 3 distributed in the circumferential direction, together forming a microreaction passage that is continuous in turn.
The front circulation plate, the rear circulation plate and the outer pipe are sealed through O-shaped rings and are connected to flanges at two ends of the outer pipe through bolts. The front circulation plate and the rear circulation plate are provided with circulation grooves which are used for circularly connecting rectangular grooves distributed on the circumference to form a continuous through channel.
The reactant inlet, the base and the reactant outlet are connected with the front circulation plate, the reactant flows into the front circulation plate through the reactant inlet, and the front circulation plate flows out through the reactant outlet after circulating and flowing with the annular rectangular channel.
After the reaction materials enter the rectangular reaction tank, the reaction materials flow along one end of the rectangular reaction tank to the other end, the process fluid is disturbed by a cross fishbone-shaped inclined fork structure due to the action of the upper layer of inserting sheets and the lower layer of inserting sheets, and is continuously branched and recombined in the micro-channels of the upper layer of inserting sheets and the lower layer of inserting sheets, and the process fluid generates the speed in the vertical direction in the up-and-down flow process, so that the two fluids generate the mutual shearing action in the vertical direction at the junction, and the mixing and reaction effects are enhanced. The degree of density of the fishbone-shaped inclined forks of the inserting sheets can influence pressure drop and mixing efficiency, so that different inserting sheets can be configured according to different process requirements to meet the requirements.
The main structure points of the invention are as follows:
(1) The outer sleeve is a circular tube, the rectangular groove is machined in the structure of the circular tube, the inner sleeve is a circular tube, the plane is machined in the structure of the circular tube, and the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are matched and connected to form a rectangular channel, so that the requirements of higher reaction pressure can be met.
(2) The outer sleeve is also provided with an outer heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange medium exchanges heat through the outer heat exchange tube (the heat exchange channel is spiral), and because the outer heat exchange tube is tightly matched with the outer sleeve, the heat exchange medium is in contact with the outer surface of the reaction channel, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange medium is high, and the temperature can be accurately controlled. The inner sleeve is also internally provided with an inner heat exchange tube, a heat exchange medium is in contact with the outer surface of the reaction channel, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange medium is high, and the temperature can be accurately controlled.
According to the inserted sheet type high-pressure microreactor, the mixed microstructure is generated by inserting the millimeter-level microchannel inserted sheets, compared with the traditional single-layer microchannel, the shearing action in the vertical direction is enhanced, materials quickly enter a forced turbulence state, and the mixing effect is enhanced. There is no obvious amplifying effect, only by increasing the number of micro channels, the size of the internal channels is unchanged, and the real parallel amplification is realized. The inside mixed inserted sheet formula structure can be changed wantonly, conveniently dismantles, adjusts pressure drop and mixing efficiency through changing not unidimensional inserted sheet, satisfies multiple technological requirement.
The structure has the advantages of heat exchange between the outer layer spiral flow channel and the inner layer spiral flow channel, high flow speed of heat exchange medium, high heat exchange efficiency and more accurate control of temperature. Meanwhile, the equipment in laboratory scale can be integrated on a substrate with other mixing, reacting and heat exchanging modules to realize different processes.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A microchannel reactor, characterized by: comprising the following steps:
the inner sleeve comprises an inner sleeve (1) and an outer sleeve (2), wherein the outer sleeve (2) is sleeved on the periphery of the inner sleeve (1), and an accommodating groove (3) is formed in the outer wall of the inner sleeve (1) and/or the inner wall of the outer sleeve (2);
the microchannel reactor further comprises a plug-in sheet structure (4) capable of being plugged into the accommodating groove (3), and the inner sleeve (1) and the outer sleeve (2), the accommodating groove (3) and the plug-in sheet structure (4) jointly define a circulation channel for flowing a reaction fluid;
the insert sheet structure (4) comprises a first insert sheet (41) and a second insert sheet (42) which are arranged in a stacked manner, the first insert sheet (41) comprises a first flow groove (411) which is formed along a first extending direction, the second insert sheet (42) comprises a second flow groove (421) which is formed along a second extending direction, and the first extending direction and the second extending direction are arranged in a crossing manner, so that the fluid can alternately flow in the first flow groove (411) and the second flow groove (421);
the first inserting piece (41) comprises a first supporting part (412) and a first extending part (413), the first supporting part (412) can be connected with the edge of the accommodating groove (3), one end of the first extending part (413) is connected to the first supporting part (412), and the other end of the first extending part extends towards the direction far away from the first supporting part (412); and the first protruding parts (413) are multiple and are arranged in parallel, so that the first flow groove (411) is formed between two adjacent first protruding parts (413);
the second inserting piece (42) comprises a second supporting part (422) and a second extending part (423), the second supporting part (422) can be connected with the edge of the accommodating groove (3), one end of the second extending part (423) is connected to the second supporting part (422), and the other end of the second extending part extends towards the direction far away from the second supporting part (422); and the second protruding parts (423) are a plurality of and are arranged in parallel to each other so as to form the second flow groove (421) between two adjacent second protruding parts (423);
so that the fluid can flow alternately in the first flow groove (411) and the second flow groove (421), namely, after the fluid flows from one end of the first flow groove (411) to the other end in one plane, the fluid vertically upwards or downwards enters the second flow groove (421) in the other plane to flow again, namely, enters one end of the second flow groove (421) and flows to the other end of the second flow groove (421), and the flow is repeated in this way, so that the alternating flow of fluid parallel flow and vertical flow is formed.
2. The microchannel reactor of claim 1, wherein:
the accommodating groove (3) extends along the axial direction of the inner sleeve (1) and the outer sleeve (2), and the inserting piece structure (4) also extends along the axial direction of the inner sleeve (1) and the outer sleeve (2).
3. The microchannel reactor of claim 2, wherein:
the accommodating groove (3) is a rectangular groove extending along the axial direction of the inner sleeve (1) and the outer sleeve (2), and the rectangular groove, the outer wall of the inner sleeve (1) and the inner wall of the outer sleeve (2) together define a rectangular channel.
4. A microchannel reactor according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein:
the accommodating grooves (3) are formed in a plurality of circumferential directions along the inner sleeve (1) and the outer sleeve (2), and the inserting sheet structures (4) are also formed in a plurality of one-to-one correspondence with the accommodating grooves (3), so that each inserting sheet structure (4) is inserted into each accommodating groove (3).
5. A microchannel reactor according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein:
an inner heat exchange tube (5) is further arranged inside the inner sleeve (1), and a first heat exchange medium circulation channel (7) capable of allowing heat exchange medium to pass in is further arranged on at least one of the inner wall of the inner sleeve (1), the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube (5) and the position between the inner sleeve (1) and the inner heat exchange tube (5); or a first heat exchange medium circulation channel which can allow heat exchange medium to pass in is arranged in the inner sleeve (1);
and/or, the outer sleeve (2) is further sleeved with an outer heat exchange tube (6), and at least one of the outer wall of the outer sleeve (2), the inner wall of the outer heat exchange tube (6) and the position between the outer sleeve (2) and the outer heat exchange tube (6) is further provided with a second heat exchange medium circulation channel (8) capable of allowing heat exchange medium to pass in.
6. The microchannel reactor of claim 5, wherein:
the first heat exchange medium circulation channel (7) is arranged opposite to the accommodating groove (3), and the second heat exchange medium circulation channel (8) is arranged opposite to the accommodating groove (3).
7. The microchannel reactor of claim 5, wherein:
the first heat exchange medium circulation channel (7) is a spiral channel, and/or the second heat exchange medium circulation channel (8) is a spiral channel;
the first heat exchange medium circulation channel (7) is a spiral channel formed on the inner wall of the inner sleeve (1) and/or the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube (5);
and/or the second heat exchange medium circulation channel (8) is a spiral channel formed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (2) and/or the inner wall of the outer heat exchange tube (6).
8. A microchannel reactor according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein:
a front circulation plate (9) is arranged at one end of the inner sleeve (1) and one end of the outer sleeve (2) in the axial direction, a front circulation channel (91) which can be communicated with the accommodating groove (3) is arranged inside the front circulation plate (9), a reactant inlet (92) and a reactant outlet (93) are also connected or arranged on the front circulation plate (9), the reactant inlet is communicated with the front circulation channel (91), and the reactant outlet (93) is communicated with the front circulation channel (91);
and/or, the other ends of the inner sleeve (1) and the outer sleeve (2) in the axial direction are provided with a rear circulation plate (10), and a rear circulation channel (101) which can be communicated with the accommodating groove (3) is arranged inside the rear circulation plate (10).
9. The microchannel reactor of claim 8, wherein:
the front circulation passage (91) is also capable of connecting two adjacent ends at the one end in the axial direction of the plurality of accommodating grooves (3) distributed in the circumferential direction, and the rear circulation passage (101) is also capable of connecting two adjacent ends at the other end in the axial direction of the plurality of accommodating grooves (3) distributed in the circumferential direction, together forming a microreaction passage that is continuous in sequence.
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| CN110115965B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2021-06-01 | 福建齐衡科技有限公司 | Inserted sheet formula microchannel continuous reactor |
| CN110404490A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-05 | 山东豪迈机械制造有限公司 | A kind of layering mixing microreactor |
| CN110433682B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2024-04-12 | 欧志安 | Pressure-bearing fluid mixing device |
| CN113203302B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-04-15 | 山东大学 | Micro-channel heat exchange device for enhancing mixing of two micro-fluids |
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