CN108992820B - Filter element for mask - Google Patents
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- CN108992820B CN108992820B CN201810851055.1A CN201810851055A CN108992820B CN 108992820 B CN108992820 B CN 108992820B CN 201810851055 A CN201810851055 A CN 201810851055A CN 108992820 B CN108992820 B CN 108992820B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
- A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators
- A62B23/025—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators the filter having substantially the shape of a mask
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Abstract
The invention discloses a filter element with a gradient porosity structure aiming at individual respiratory protection and a mask using the filter element, wherein the mask can be in a non-detachable or replaceable filter element type. The filter element comprises an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer filter layer. The outer and intermediate filter layers have non-uniform porosity in the span-wise direction; the inner filtering layer has uniform porosity; the non-uniform porosity can be continuously changed in the spanwise direction, and can also be distributed in a step mode in a limited number of artificially divided areas in the spanwise direction. The average porosity of the outer layer and the middle filter layer and the porosity gradient of the inner filter layer are decreased progressively. The fibers of the filter element are randomly and disorderly arranged, such as materials of melt-blown non-woven fabrics, electrostatic spinning cotton and the like. The invention can give consideration to both respiratory resistance and filtration efficiency; the airflow and the particulate matters on the surface of the filter element are uniformly distributed, the problem that the local blockage is too fast to cause premature failure due to nonuniform distribution of the particulate dirt of the filter element is solved, the service life of the filter element is prolonged, and the consumption quantity, the resource waste and the pollution of the mask filter element are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a filter element of a respiratory protection mask for an individual and a mask adopting the filter element.
Background
In recent years, in order to deal with the frequent haze weather, the haze-proof mask becomes a protective article which is most frequently worn when people go out; in industrial fields such as precision machining, closed mining and the like, the dust mask is a necessary product for guaranteeing the life health and safety of operators; whether prevent haze gauze mask or dust mask, its protective effect depends on the filter core.
Most of the masks on the market at present adopt two filter elements of melt-blown non-woven fabrics and electrostatic filter cotton; the electrostatic filter cotton is a filter material which is charged on the basis of the melt-blown non-woven fabric, and pollutants are filtered mainly through the irregular property of a melt-blown fiber structure and the adsorption effect of electrostatic force.
Chinese patent application 201710129353.5 (publication No. CN106723520A) discloses an anti-haze mask main body material and a mask, wherein the anti-haze mask main body material is a filter element, and comprises a first filter layer and a second filter layer which are laminated and compounded in sequence; the first filter layer is specifically acupuncture static cotton; the second filter layer is specifically an electret melt-blown non-woven fabric subjected to water repellent treatment; the outer surface of the first filter layer is also compounded with an outer layer, and the outer layer is specifically a melt-blown non-woven fabric subjected to water repellent treatment; the inner surface of the second filter layer is also compounded with an inner layer, and the inner layer is specifically an OIT-free antibacterial cloth; the lamination compounding mode is specifically as follows: ultrasonic bonding, hot rolling, or physical bonding. This patent provides a specific embodiment of filtering PM3 with needle-punched electrostatic cotton as a first filter layer, filtering PM2.5 with melt-blown nonwoven as a second filter layer; the main disadvantages of this patent are: the two filter layers involve two materials, so that two different manufacturing processes are required in manufacturing, which makes the manufacturing process cumbersome; only the stage filtration of PM3 and PM2.5 is realized, and the stage filtration is not carried out on particles with the diameter less than 2.5 μm, so the filtration efficiency is low.
Japanese patent application JP2016-229653 (publication number JP2018-87387a), discloses a haze-proof mask, the main material of which is a mask comprising a filter element and a mask outer layer; the patent aims to reduce the air leakage problem of the mask close to the ear part by designing the material of the mask face body part and the material close to the ear part to be different in air permeability and rigidity, namely the air permeability and the rigidity of the material of the mask face body part are higher than those of the material of the mask close to the ear part; the main disadvantages of this patent are: in the patent, the air permeability of the material and the actual flux when wearing are in an equivalent relation, namely the patent considers that the air permeability of the mask is improved, the air permeability of the corresponding position is also improved, when the mask is actually worn, the filter element near the mouth and the nose of a person is firstly blocked by particles, the breathing resistance is increased, the filter element is ineffective, and the filter elements at other parts still have a filtering function, so that the service life of the filter element is shortened, and the mask is discarded too early.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a mask filter element with gradient porosity in both the spanwise direction and the longitudinal direction, aiming at the problem that when a person wears a mask actually, the filter element pores are blocked by particles too fast to be effective locally.
Because the filter element belongs to the porous medium, the porosity refers to the porosity of the filter element as the porous medium; the porosity is the percentage of the volume of pores in the material in the total volume of the material in a natural state.
In the invention, the curved surface attached to the surface of the human face when the human face is worn is defined as an expansion surface, the direction perpendicular to the expansion surface is a longitudinal direction (the direction shown by an arrow in fig. 1), and the direction from the upper side to the lower side along the expansion surface is an expansion direction; as shown in fig. 1, the curved surface of the space where 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 are located is a generating surface, and the direction from the upper side to the lower side along the generating surface is a generating direction, i.e. the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure; thus, in one embodiment of the structure described herein having a gradient porosity in the spanwise direction, the porosity of the five sections 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 varies in a gradient.
In the present invention, it is defined that the side of the filter element close to the human face is the inner side and the side far from the human face is the outer side when the filter element is worn.
In the invention, the filter element is defined to be positioned on the upper part of the face and close to the nose as an upper side, and the filter element is defined to be positioned on the lower part of the face and close to the mouth as a lower side when the filter element is worn.
When the existing filter element is actually used, due to the influence of the position and the shape of a human mouth and nose, the air flow rate of the part of the lower side of the filter element close to the mouth part is the largest, so that excessive blockage of particles occurs in the pores among fibers at the position, the breathing resistance is excessive, and the premature failure of the filter element is caused; the problem that airflow is too large in distribution at the gauze mask downside is not considered to current gauze mask filter core, consequently current gauze mask filter core all has the problem of life-span weak point, leads to the gauze mask to change frequently.
Aiming at the existing filter element with the porosity of 0.73, the numerical simulation actual wearing working condition can obtain the maximum regional airflow at the lower side of the filter element close to the mouth part of the human face and the unit areaThe airflow volume flow is 0.0165m3(s square meter), the airflow on the upper side, which is symmetrical to the area, is the smallest, and the airflow volume flow per unit area of spread is 0.0117m3(s square meter), the unevenness can reach 34.32%; the uneven flow distribution can cause the number of particles passing through different parts of the filter element to be uneven, namely, more particles pass through a region with large flow, so that the fiber gap is firstly blocked by the particles at the lower side of the filter element close to the mouth part, and further, the breathing resistance is increased to cause the filter element to fail prematurely.
Based on the research and analysis, aiming at the problem that the filter element with the uniform porosity structure causes the premature failure of the filter element caused by the uneven distribution of the flow in the spreading direction when a user uses the mask, in order to solve the technical problem and improve the filtering effect of the filter element, the invention adopts the design scheme that:
providing a filter element which comprises an outer filter layer, a middle filter layer and an inner filter layer; the outer filtering layer, the middle filtering layer and the inner filtering layer are sequentially stacked from outside to inside; the three filter layers have gradient porosity in the longitudinal direction; the outer filter layer and the middle filter layer have different porosities in the spanwise direction; the inner filter layer has the same porosity in the span direction.
In the present invention, the average porosity is defined as the average of the area of the porosity of a filter layer over the total area of the filter layer expanse.
Further, the longitudinal gradient structure porosity of the three filter layers means that the average porosity of the three filter layers decreases from the outer side to the inner side in sequence.
Further, the outer filter layer has different porosities in the spanwise direction, which means that the porosity decreases from the upper side to the lower side.
Further, the different porosity of the middle filter layer in the spanwise direction means that the porosity decreases from the upper side to the lower side.
Further, the outer filter layer, the middle filter layer and the inner filter layer are sequentially compounded together through methods of hot pressing, electrostatic adsorption and the like.
Further, the outer filter layer, the middle filter layer and the inner filter layer are made of the same material and are made of porous medium materials with randomly distributed fibers, such as melt-blown non-woven fabrics, electrostatic filter cotton or electrostatic spinning materials.
The filtering mechanism of the filter element on the particulate matters is as follows: the mass of the particulate matter is larger than that of gas molecules, so that the inertia of the particulate matter is large, the movement state of the particulate matter is more difficult to change than that of the gas molecules, the particulate matter is easy to collide with fibers or particle deposition layers on the surfaces of the fibers to be captured when the fibers are in circumfluence, and then the particulate matter is attached to the fibers under the action of Van der Waals force, electrostatic attraction and the like, so that the effect of filtering the particulate matter is realized; since the particles having a small particle diameter have a small ratio of inertia, charge amount, and the like, and have strong followability to an air flow and are hardly captured by fibers, the smaller the particle diameter of the particles, the more difficult the particles are to be filtered.
When the porosity of the filter element is increased, namely the total volume of the filter element occupied by the pores is increased, the volume occupied by the fibers is reduced, the probability of capturing particulate matters by the fibers is reduced, and then the filtering capacity and the filtering effect are reduced.
Since the filtering capacity of the filter element is improved along with the reduction of the porosity, the filtering capacity of the three layers is gradually improved from the outer side to the inner side.
The outermost layer has high porosity and low filtering capacity, and is mainly used for filtering particles with large particle size although having the function of filtering small particles; the porosity of the middle layer is centered with the diameter of the main filtered particles; filtering small particles which cannot be filtered by the outermost layer and the middle layer by the innermost layer; adopt such three-layer gradient porosity structure, can realize the stage filtration according to particulate matter diameter, both can avoid the too big filter effect to small-size particle thing that causes of filter core porosity not good, can prevent again that the gauze mask pressure drop that the porosity undersize of filter core caused is too big, and respiratory resistance increases, and the travelling comfort when the people wear reduces.
The porosity structure of the outer filter layer and the middle filter layer which change in a gradient manner in the spanwise direction is adopted, namely, the low porosity is arranged at the part with large flow, and the high porosity is arranged at the part with small flow. The decreasing porosity structures are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, so that the problem that the air flow passing through the filter element with uniform porosity is not uniformly distributed in the spanwise direction in the actual breathing process can be solved, namely, the problem that the inspiration flow is large at the part close to the mouth of a person due to the shape of the mouth and the nose of the person can be solved; the original part with small flow is set to be relatively large porosity, so that the resistance is reduced and the flow is increased; the corresponding resistance of the position with larger porosity is smaller, the corresponding resistance of the position with smaller porosity is larger, and the gradient distribution of the porosity is used for compensating the uneven flow when the mask is worn, so that the flow is even, the problem of local blockage is solved, and the service life of the filter element is prolonged.
The inner filter layer has uniform and uniform porosity, so that the condition that large particles can only be filtered by the upper side of the filter element is avoided, and the filtering capacity of the upper side of the filter element is improved.
Therefore, the filter element can relieve the condition that the local part of the filter element, namely the part close to the mouth of a person is blocked by particles firstly to cause over-quick failure, prolong the service life of the filter element and reduce the replacement frequency of the mask; meanwhile, on the premise of not reducing the comfort degree of a user wearing the mask, the filtering efficiency of the particles is improved; therefore, the mask has great market prospect and practical application significance at present when the mask is in great demand.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below; the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the spanwise and longitudinal zoned division of the filter element of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mask structure using the filter element of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow distribution vector diagram of the existing mask filter element in the actual wearing process, wherein the length of an arrow is in direct proportion to the numerical value of the flow;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment 4 of the present invention.
The symbols in FIG. 1 are as follows: 1-outer filter layer; 2-middle layer filter layer; 3-inner filter layer.
Labeled as follows in FIG. 2: 11-an outer filter layer transverse banded region A, 12-an outer filter layer transverse banded region B, 13-an outer filter layer transverse banded region C, 14-an outer filter layer transverse banded region D and 15-an outer filter layer transverse banded region E; 21-a middle filter layer transverse banded region A, 22-a middle filter layer transverse banded region B, 23-a middle filter layer transverse banded region C, 24-a middle filter layer transverse banded region D and 25-a middle filter layer transverse banded region E; 3-inner filter layer.
Labeled as follows in FIG. 4: 1-a filter element; 2-cotton cloth coating outer layer; 3-a nose clip; 4-ear band; 5-a zipper.
Labeled as follows in FIG. 5: 1-a filter element; 2-outer layer non-woven fabric coating material; 3-a nose clip; 4-ear belt.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The main body part of the filter is a filter element and is mainly used for filtering particles of PM2.5 level; the filter element of the invention can be combined with a coating layer outside the filter element to form a filtering main body part of the mask, wherein the coating layer is mainly used for filtering particles with the diameter of more than 2.5 mu m, such as pollen, large-particle-size dust and the like.
The filtering material used by the invention is a porous medium material with fibers arranged in a disordered way, and can comprise melt-blown non-woven fabrics and electrostatic filter cotton which are adopted in large quantities in the market, and can also adopt a novel electrostatic spinning cotton material.
Melt blowing principle: feeding the polymer into a melt-blowing machine after melting, spraying fiber filaments through a nozzle, forming a web after the fiber filaments are cooled and solidified on a receiving device, and thus forming a melt-blown non-woven fabric, wherein the fiber diameter of the melt-blown non-woven fabric is changed within a range (1-10 mu m), and the fiber diameter and the porosity can be adjusted by adjusting the technological parameters of the production and manufacturing process; electrostatic cotton filtering: the electrostatic filter cotton is obtained by charging the existing filter material such as melt-blown non-woven fabric, so that the capture capacity of the filter material on particulate matters is further improved; electrostatic spinning: the polymer solution or melt is sprayed and spun in a strong electric field, under the action of the electric field, liquid drops at a needle head are changed into a cone shape (Taylor cone) from a spherical shape, fiber filaments are obtained by extending from the tip of the cone, the fiber filaments are solidified on a receiving device and then are formed into a net, so that the electrostatic spinning material is formed, the fiber diameter is changed within a range (about 300nm-900nm), and the fiber diameter and the porosity can be adjusted by adjusting the process parameters of the production and manufacturing process.
For the filter material consisting of random fibers, the change relation of the air permeability of the material along with the fiber diameter and the porosity can be obtained by an empirical formula, namely the air permeability of the material is improved along with the increase of the porosity and is increased along with the increase of the fiber diameter; the filtration capacity of the material for particles decreases with increasing porosity.
Example 1:
a mask filter element; the filter element body comprises an outer filter layer, a middle filter layer and an inner filter layer; the outer filtering layer, the middle filtering layer and the inner filtering layer are sequentially stacked from outside to inside; the outer filtering layer, the middle filtering layer and the outer filtering layer are all used for filtering particle dirt, and the porosity of the three layers is reduced from outside to inside in sequence, so that the main filtering particles of the outer filtering layer are larger than the main filtering particles of the middle filtering layer, and the main filtering particles of the middle filtering layer are larger than the filtering particles of the inner filtering layer; five transverse strip-shaped areas are respectively divided in the extension direction of the outer filter layer and the middle filter layer, and the porosity is reduced from top to bottom in sequence, so that the airflow is uniformly distributed in the extension direction of the filter element, the phenomenon that the filter element is too fast due to the blockage of filter particles is prevented locally, and the service life of the filter element is prolonged.
The porosity of the example in the spanwise direction is non-continuously variable, and the production process of the example is simpler than that of the continuously variable porosity, which is another application of the present invention.
The porosity of the outer filtering layer is reduced in sequence, namely the filter element is divided into five transverse strip-shaped areas in the spreading direction, and the porosity from top to bottom can be set to be 0.78, 0.77, 0.76, 0.75 and 0.74 in sequence.
The porosity of the middle filter layer which is reduced in sequence is that the filter element is divided into five transverse strip-shaped areas in the spreading direction, and the porosity is set to be 0.77, 0.76, 0.75, 0.74 and 0.73 from top to bottom in sequence.
The porosity of the inner filtering layer is 0.72.
The middle filter layer and the outer filter layer have spanwise gradient porosity structures, so that the airflow is uniformly distributed in the spanwise direction; the inner filter layer is integrally of a uniform porosity structure so as to prevent the result of poor filtering effect on small-particle-size particles caused by overlarge porosity on the upper side, and therefore ideal filtering effect is achieved on the small-particle-size particles in all regions in the spreading direction.
The average porosity of the three filter layers is reduced from outside to inside in sequence, namely the average porosity of the three filter layers is 0.76, 0.75 and 0.72 from outside to inside respectively.
Since the porosity is related to the ventilation, i.e. to the resistance during breathing, the breathing resistance increases when the porosity is too low, and the filtration effect decreases when the porosity is too high; therefore, the numerical value of the porosity distribution is started from the porosity of about 0.737 of the existing 3M mask filter element, the purpose of the arrangement is to keep the respiratory resistance of the filter element and the existing filter element at a similar numerical value, and the increase of the respiratory resistance or the reduction of the filtering effect caused by the over-small or over-large porosity of the filter element are avoided.
The five transverse banded regions are shaped as shown in FIG. 2: dividing five transverse strip-shaped regions starting from a numerical simulation calculation model of breathing of a mask worn by a person, and dividing the filter element into five regions according to the flow distribution of the filter element in the spanwise direction; fig. 3 shows a flow distribution vector diagram in the numerical simulation result, and five region division of the present example numerically divides the flow into five regions based on the vector diagram, and the filter element portions corresponding to the five regions are provided with gradient porosity.
Example 2:
a mask filter element; the filter element body comprises an outer filter layer, a middle filter layer and an inner filter layer; the outer filtering layer, the middle filtering layer and the inner filtering layer are sequentially stacked from outside to inside; the outer filtering layer, the middle filtering layer and the outer filtering layer are all used for filtering particle dirt, and the porosity of the three layers is reduced from outside to inside in sequence, so that the main filtering particles of the outer filtering layer are larger than the main filtering particles of the middle filtering layer, and the main filtering particles of the middle filtering layer are larger than the main filtering particles of the inner filtering layer; in outer filter layer and middle filter layer spanwise, the porosity reduces from top to bottom in proper order to make airflow evenly distributed at the filter core spanwise, prevent that the part from leading to too fast inefficacy because of the granule blocks up too fast, improve the life of filter core.
The porosity of the example in the spanwise direction is continuously changed, and the practical effect of the example is better than that of the porosity of the invention in which the spanwise blocks are not continuously changed in gradient.
The porosity of the outer filtering layer is reduced from 0.78 to 0.74 from the upper side to the lower side in the spreading direction, and the specific rule or functional relation of the reduction is according to the airflow flow distribution shown in fig. 3, that is, the area with large flow is small porosity, and the area with small flow is large porosity.
The porosity of the middle filter layers which are reduced in sequence is that the porosity of the filter element is continuously reduced from 0.77 to 0.73 from the upper side to the lower side in the spreading direction, and the specific rule or functional relation of the reduction is according to the airflow flow distribution shown in figure 3, namely, the area with large flow is small porosity, and the area with small flow is large porosity.
The porosity of the inner filtering layer is 0.72.
The middle filter layer and the outer filter layer have spanwise gradient porosity structures, so that the airflow is uniformly distributed in the spanwise direction; the inner filter layer is integrally of a uniform porosity structure so as to prevent the result of poor filtering effect on small-particle-size particles caused by overlarge porosity on the upper side, and therefore ideal filtering effect is achieved on the small-particle-size particles in all regions in the spreading direction.
The average porosity of the three filter layers is reduced from outside to inside in sequence, namely the average porosity of the three filter layers is 0.76, 0.75 and 0.72 from outside to inside respectively.
Since the porosity is related to the ventilation, i.e. to the resistance during breathing, the breathing resistance increases when the porosity is too low, and the filtration effect decreases when the porosity is too high; therefore, the numerical value of the porosity distribution is started from the porosity of the existing 3M mask filter element 0.737, the purpose of the filter element is to keep the respiratory resistance of the filter element close to that of the existing filter element, and the increase of the respiratory resistance or the reduction of the filtering effect caused by the over-small porosity or the over-large porosity of the filter element are avoided.
Example 3
A haze-proof and dustproof mask with a replaceable filter element is shown in figure 4 and comprises a filter element 1, a cotton cloth coating outer layer 2, a nose clip 3, an ear belt 4 and a zipper 5; the filter element 1 is arranged in the cotton cloth coating outer layer 2, the nose clip 3 and the ear belt 4 are both arranged on the cotton cloth coating outer layer, and the top of the cotton cloth coating outer layer 2 is provided with the zipper 5.
The filter element comprises the filter element in the embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2 and other filter elements meeting the innovation point in the invention.
The cotton cloth coating outer layer is sewn by two layers of cotton cloth as shown in 2 in the attached figure 4, and the filter element 1 is positioned between the two layers of cotton cloth, so that the filter element is convenient to replace; the cotton cloth coating outer layer mainly has the function of filtering larger particles such as pollen, sand dust and the like; the filter element mainly functions to filter particles with small particle size.
The nose clip is shown as 3 in figure 4, is made of metal, is V-shaped, and is placed on the upper part of the cotton cloth coating outer layer 2.
The ear belt is made of elastic rubber and is stringed on two sides of the cotton cloth coating outer layer 2 as shown in figure 4.
Example 4
A non-detachable haze-proof dust mask is shown in figure 5; it comprises a filter element 1, an outer layer non-woven fabric coating material 2, a nose clip 3 and an ear belt 4; wherein the filter element is arranged in the non-woven fabric coating material 2, and the nose clip 3 and the ear belt 4 are fixed in the outer non-woven fabric coating material in a spot welding mode.
The filter element 1 comprises the filter element described in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 and other filter elements which meet the innovation points of the invention.
The non-woven fabric coating outer layer is shown as 2 in the attached figure 5, and is made of polypropylene needle-punched non-woven fabric; the function of the non-woven fabric coating outer layer is mainly to filter larger particles such as pollen, sand dust and the like; the filter element is mainly used for filtering particles with PM2.5 grade.
The nose clip is made of metal and is V-shaped as shown in 3 in figure 5, and is fixed on the upper part of the non-woven fabric through spot welding.
The ear belt 4 is made of elastic rubber and fixed on the upper part of the non-woven fabric by spot welding, as shown in fig. 5, 4.
Examples of effects
Tables 1 and 2 below show the filter life and effectiveness of example 1 of the present invention compared to 3M-N95 mask cartridges; the failure of the filter element is mainly caused by the reduction of porosity caused by the accumulation of particles so as to increase the breathing resistance, so that the reduction degree of the porosity is used as the basis of the service life; the porosities listed in the table are the areas where the mask flow is most concentrated and the first failure area, i.e., the porosity of the underside of the mask near the mouth of the person.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
Claims (9)
1. A filter element for a mask, comprising: the outer filtering layer, the middle filtering layer and the inner filtering layer; the outer filtering layer, the middle filtering layer and the inner filtering layer are made of the same material and are made of porous medium materials with randomly distributed fibers; the outer filtering layer, the middle filtering layer and the inner filtering layer are sequentially stacked from outside to inside; the average porosity of the three filter layers is reduced from outside to inside in sequence, so that the outer filter layer is mainly used for filtering particles with large particle size, the middle filter layer is mainly used for filtering particles with medium particle size, and the inner filter layer is mainly used for filtering particles with small particle size which cannot be filtered by the two filter layers; the outer filter layer and the middle filter layer have different porosities in the spanwise direction, the porosities are gradually reduced from the upper side to the lower side in the spanwise direction, so that the premature failure of the mask caused by overlarge airflow passing through the lower part of the filter element and too fast blockage of the local part of the filter element by particles due to the influence of the shape and the position of the mouth and the nose is compensated, and the flow is uniformly distributed on the filter element; the inner filter layer has the same porosity in the spanwise direction; the lower side of the mask close to the mouth of the person is the area where the flow of the mask is most concentrated and the mask is the first failure area.
2. The filter element according to claim 1, wherein said porosity varying in the spanwise direction means that the porosity varies continuously in the spanwise direction.
3. The filter cartridge according to claim 1 wherein said differential porosity in the spanwise direction means that the porosity varies stepwise over a finite number of artificially demarcated regions in the spanwise direction.
4. The filter cartridge of claim 1, wherein the outer filter layer, the intermediate filter layer, and the inner filter layer are sequentially laminated together by a hot pressing or electrostatic adsorption method.
5. The filter element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the porous medium material is melt-blown non-woven fabric obtained by melting polymer, feeding the polymer into a melt-blowing machine, and spraying fiber filaments through a nozzle, wherein the fiber filaments are cooled and solidified on a receiving device to form a net.
6. The filter element according to claim 1, wherein the porous medium material is electrostatic filter cotton obtained by charging a melt-blown nonwoven fabric.
7. The filter element according to claim 1, wherein the porous medium material is electrostatic spinning cotton obtained after the polymer solution or the melt is subjected to jet spinning in a strong electric field and is solidified on a receiving device to form a net.
8. A mask, the filter core of which is any one of the filter cores in claims 1 to 7, wherein the mask is in a replaceable filter core type, and the filter core can be recycled by replacing the filter core.
9. A mask, wherein the filter element is any one of the filter elements of claims 1 to 7, and the filter element of the mask and a coating layer outside the mask are pressed into a whole at the edge and are not detachable.
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| CN201810851055.1A CN108992820B (en) | 2018-07-30 | 2018-07-30 | Filter element for mask |
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| CN111134400B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-03 | 上海护理佳实业有限公司 | Disposable mask pad |
| CN113134267B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-08-16 | 东华大学 | Thermal comfort filter material with multilayer structure and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105476113A (en) * | 2014-12-28 | 2016-04-13 | 大庆元子科技开发有限公司 | Low-resistance uniform-pressure mask with buffering cavity |
| CN105495774A (en) * | 2014-12-28 | 2016-04-20 | 大庆元子科技开发有限公司 | Vertical folding mark folding low-pressure mask |
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| CN105795550A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-07-27 | 小米科技有限责任公司 | Mask |
| CN207477006U (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-06-12 | 广东都市丽人实业有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional replaceable filter core mask body and mask of breathing freely |
| CN108185547A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-22 | 石新娣 | A kind of mask of special improved structure |
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| CN204032437U (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-12-24 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of anti-dust respirator filter disc |
| CN104305593A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-28 | 阳普医疗（湖南）有限公司 | Haze-proof mask |
| CN105476114A (en) * | 2014-12-28 | 2016-04-13 | 大庆元子科技开发有限公司 | Three-dimensional low-pressure folding mask |
| CN105476113A (en) * | 2014-12-28 | 2016-04-13 | 大庆元子科技开发有限公司 | Low-resistance uniform-pressure mask with buffering cavity |
| CN105495774A (en) * | 2014-12-28 | 2016-04-20 | 大庆元子科技开发有限公司 | Vertical folding mark folding low-pressure mask |
| CN105795550A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-07-27 | 小米科技有限责任公司 | Mask |
| CN105688349A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-06-22 | 广州拜费尔空气净化材料有限公司 | Anti-virus mask |
| CN207477006U (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-06-12 | 广东都市丽人实业有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional replaceable filter core mask body and mask of breathing freely |
| CN108185547A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-22 | 石新娣 | A kind of mask of special improved structure |
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|---|---|
| CN108992820A (en) | 2018-12-14 |
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